三种智的解说注释
29-31. Ñāṇattayaniddesavaṇṇanā
3. 慧品义注 · 4 段
78在“三种智”的解说中,“相”指的是行相。“无相”指的是与行相相反的涅槃。“已倾向”是说心以倾向于那个境界的方式而舒展解脱。“触了又触,见到坏灭”的意思是:以智慧反复触及行相,再以观智见到它的坏灭。由此,坏灭随观就成立了。它成就无常随观;因为无常就是苦,所以它成就苦随观;因为苦就是无我,所以它成就无我随观。这样,这里就说了三种随观。“无相住”是因为把相看作可怕,所以这三种随观的安住方式就叫无相住。“愿”指渴爱。“无愿”指与渴爱相反的涅槃。“执取倾向”指对“我”的执取。“空”指远离了“我”的涅槃。所谓“空”,就是本来就空,所以叫空。“舍置相续”是指以行舍智舍置异熟相续。众生确实喜欢、贪著那可称为善趣的异熟相续。但这位想进入果等至的修行者,见到那相续以及一切行法是无常等之后,就只是舍置不顾。只有这样见了之后,才能进入果等至,不然不行。“转向”是指以转向心转向。“进入”是指进入果等至。“无相定”是因为见到相的可怕而进入,所以叫无相定。“无相住定”则是依观住和果等至这两者而得名的。
78. Ñāṇattayaniddese nimittanti saṅkhāranimittaṃ. Animitteti saṅkhāranimittapaṭipakkhe nibbāne. Adhimuttattāti tanninnabhāvena cittassa vissaṭṭhattā. Phussa phussa vayaṃ passatīti saṅkhāranimittaṃ ñāṇena phusitvā phusitvā tassa bhaṅgaṃ vipassanāñāṇeneva passati. Etena bhaṅgānupassanā siddhā. Sā aniccānupassanaṃ sādheti, aniccassa dukkhattā sā dukkhānupassanaṃ, dukkhassa anattattā sā anattānupassananti evamettha tisso anupassanā vuttā honti. Animitto vihāroti nimittaṃ bhayato diṭṭhattā so vipassanattayavihāro animittavihāro nāma hoti. Paṇidhinti taṇhaṃ. Appaṇihiteti taṇhāpaṭipakkhe nibbāne. Abhinivesanti attābhinivesaṃ. Suññateti attavirahite nibbāne. Suññatoti suññaṃyeva suññato. Pavattaṃ ajjhupekkhitvāti vipākappavattaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāya ajjhupekkhitvā. Sugatisaṅkhātavipākappavattābhinandino hi sattā. Ayaṃ pana phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitukāmo taṃ pavattaṃ, sabbañca saṅkhāragataṃ aniccādito passitvā ajjhupekkhatiyeva. Evañhi diṭṭhe phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ sakkoti, na aññathā. Āvajjitvāti āvajjanena āvajjitvā. Samāpajjatīti phalasamāpattiṃ paṭipajjati. Animittā samāpattīti nimittaṃ bhayato disvā samāpannattā animittā samāpatti nāma. Animittavihārasamāpattīti vipassanāvihāravasena ca phalasamāpattivasena ca tadubhayaṃ nāma hoti.
7979. 现在,为了把行相本身分开来详细说明,便说出了“色相”等话。关于“执取老死”的部分,该说的前面已经说过。接着又用“另一种无相住”等话,把已经说过的内容归纳之后再显示出来。简要地说:所谓“住”意义上的智,指果等至之前的前行阶段中、安住于行舍智的修行者,其智落在观住的种种差别上;所谓“等至”意义上的智,指其智落在果等至的种种差别上;所谓“住等至”意义上的智,指其智落在这两者的种种差别上。如果他想只以观住来度过时间,就只让观住生起;如果他想只以果等至住来度过时间,就顺着观的次第向上推进之后,只让果等至住生起;如果想以两者来度过时间,就让两者都生起。这样,依照个人的意乐,就形成了三种不同。这里其余该说明的内容,都已经在行舍智的解说中说过了。
79. Idāni saṅkhāranimittameva vibhajitvā dassento rūpanimittantiādimāha. Jarāmaraṇaggahaṇe vattabbaṃ pubbe vuttameva. ‘‘Añño animittavihāro’’tiādīhi vutteyeva nigametvā dasseti. Saṅkhepena vihāraṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ nāma phalasamāpattiyā pubbabhāge saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇe ṭhitassa vipassanāvihāranānatte ñāṇaṃ samāpattaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ nāma phalasamāpattinānatte ñāṇaṃ. Vihārasamāpattaṭṭhe ñāṇaṃ nāma tadubhayanānatte ñāṇaṃ. Vipassanāvihāreneva vītināmetukāmo vipassanāvihārameva pavatteti, phalasamāpattivihāreneva vītināmetukāmo vipassanāpaṭipāṭiyā ussakkitvā phalasamāpattivihārameva pavatteti, tadubhayena vītināmetukāmo tadubhayaṃ pavatteti. Evaṃ puggalādhippāyavasena tividhaṃ jātaṃ. Sesamettha vattabbaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇavaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttameva.