209 前已述及:“诸比丘,有三种解脱。哪三种?空解脱、无相解脱、无愿解脱。诸比丘,此即三种解脱。”巴利 注疏 1
Purimanidānaṃ . ‘‘Tayome , bhikkhave, vimokkhā. Katame tayo? Suññato vimokkho, animitto vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkho – ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo vimokkhā.
“另有六十八种解脱:空解脱、无相解脱、无愿解脱;内出起解脱、外出起解脱、双出起解脱;四种内出起解脱、四种外出起解脱、四种双出起解脱;四种顺内出起解脱、四种顺外出起解脱、四种顺双出起解脱;四种息内出起解脱、四种息外出起解脱、四种息双出起解脱;‘内有色想见外色’解脱、‘内无色想见外色’解脱、‘专注清净’解脱;空无边处解脱、识无边处解脱、无所有处解脱;非想非非想处解脱、想受灭解脱;暂时的解脱、非暂时的解脱;有时的解脱、无时的解脱;可退失的解脱、不可退失的解脱;世间的解脱、出世间的解脱;有漏的解脱、无漏的解脱;有执取的解脱、无执取的解脱;超无执取的无执取解脱、有愿解脱、无愿解脱、息有愿解脱;有联结的解脱、无联结的解脱;同一的解脱、差异的解脱;想解脱、智解脱;清凉寂静的解脱、禅那解脱、无执取心解脱。巴利
‘‘Api ca, aṭṭhasaṭṭhi vimokkhā – suññato vimokkho, animitto vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkho; ajjhattavuṭṭhāno vimokkho, bahiddhāvuṭṭhāno vimokkho, dubhato vuṭṭhāno vimokkho; ajjhattavuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā, bahiddhāvuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā, dubhato vuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā; ajjhattavuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā, bahiddhāvuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā, dubhato vuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā; ajjhattavuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā, bahiddhāvuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā, dubhato vuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā; rūpī rūpāni passatīti vimokkho, ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passatīti vimokkho, subhaṃ teva adhimutto hotīti vimokkho; ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho, viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho, ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho; nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho, saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpatti vimokkho; samayavimokkho, asamayavimokkho; sāmayiko vimokkho, asāmayiko vimokkho; kuppo vimokkho, akuppo vimokkho; lokiyo vimokkho, lokuttaro vimokkho; sāsavo vimokkho, anāsavo vimokkho; sāmiso vimokkho, nirāmiso vimokkho; nirāmisānirāmisataro vimokkho, paṇihito vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkho, paṇihitappaṭippassaddhi vimokkho; saññutto vimokkho, visaññutto vimokkho; ekattavimokkho, nānattavimokkho , saññāvimokkho, ñāṇavimokkho; sītisiyāvimokkho , jhānavimokkho, anupādācittassa vimokkho’’.
210 什么是空解脱?比丘或至林中,或至树下,或至空寂之处,如此省察:“此是空,无我、无我所。”于彼处不作执取——这便是空解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo suññato vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’’ti. So tattha abhinivesaṃ na karotīti – suññato vimokkho. Ayaṃ suññato vimokkho.
什么是无相解脱?在此,有比丘前往林野,或来到树下,或进入空寂之处,这样省察:“此是空,无我、无我所。”他在那里不取相——这便是无相解脱。这就是无相解脱。巴利
Katamo animitto vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’’ti. So tattha nimittaṃ na karotīti – animitto vimokkho. Ayaṃ animitto vimokkho.
什么是无愿解脱?在此,有比丘前往林野,或来到树下,或进入空寂之处,这样省察:“此是空,无我、无我所。”他在那里不起愿求——这便是无愿解脱。这就是无愿解脱。巴利
Katamo appaṇihito vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā suññāgāragato vā iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘‘suññamidaṃ attena vā attaniyena vā’’ti. So tattha paṇidhiṃ na karotīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Ayaṃ appaṇihito vimokkho.
什么是内向出起解脱?四种禅那,即是内向出起解脱。什么是外向出起解脱?四种无色定,即是外向出起解脱。什么是双向出起解脱?四种圣道,即是双向出起解脱。巴利
Katamo ajjhattavuṭṭhāno vimokkho? Cattāri jhānāni – ayaṃ ajjhattavuṭṭhāno vimokkho. Katamo bahiddhāvuṭṭhāno vimokkho? Catasso arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ bahiddhāvuṭṭhāno vimokkho. Katamo dubhato vuṭṭhāno vimokkho? Cattāro ariyamaggā – ayaṃ dubhato vuṭṭhāno vimokkho.
哪四种呢?初禅从五盖出起;第二禅从寻、伺出起;第三禅从喜出起;第四禅从乐与苦出起。这四种是内向出起的解脱。巴利
Katame ajjhattavuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā? Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ nīvaraṇehi vuṭṭhāti. Dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ vitakkavicārehi vuṭṭhāti. Tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ pītiyā vuṭṭhāti. Catutthaṃ jhānaṃ sukhadukkhehi vuṭṭhāti. Ime ajjhattavuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā.
哪四种呢?空无边处定从色想、有对想、种种想出起;识无边处定从空无边处想出起;无所有处定从识无边处想出起;非想非非想处定从无所有处想出起。这四种是外向出起的解脱。巴利
Katame bahiddhāvuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā? Ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti rūpasaññāya paṭighasaññāya nānattasaññāya vuṭṭhāti. Viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāya vuṭṭhāti. Ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti viññāṇañcāyatanasaññāya vuṭṭhāti. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti ākiñcaññāyatanasaññāya vuṭṭhāti. Ime bahiddhāvuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā.
哪四种呢?入流道从身见、疑、戒禁取、见随眠、疑随眠出起,从随此而起的烦恼与蕴出起,并从外一切相出起。一来道从粗的欲贪结、恚结、粗的欲贪随眠、恚随眠出起,从随此而起的烦恼与蕴出起,并从外一切相出起。不来道从微细的欲贪结、恚结、微细的欲贪随眠、恚随眠出起,从随此而起的烦恼与蕴出起,并从外一切相出起。阿拉汉道从色贪、无色贪、慢、掉举、无明、慢随眠、有贪随眠、无明随眠出起,从随此而起的烦恼与蕴出起,并从外一切相出起。这四种是双向出起的解脱。巴利
Katame dubhato vuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā? Sotāpattimaggo sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsā diṭṭhānusayā vicikicchānusayā vuṭṭhāti, tadanuvattakakilesehi ca khandhehi ca vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehi vuṭṭhāti. Sakadāgāmimaggo oḷārikā kāmarāgasaññojanā paṭighasaññojanā oḷārikā kāmarāgānusayā paṭighānusayā vuṭṭhāti, tadanuvattakakilesehi ca khandhehi ca vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehi vuṭṭhāti . Anāgāmimaggo anusahagatā kāmarāgasaññojanā paṭighasaññojanā anusahagatā kāmarāgānusayā paṭighānusayā vuṭṭhāti, tadanuvattakakilesehi ca khandhehi ca vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehi vuṭṭhāti. Arahattamaggo rūparāgā arūparāgā mānā uddhaccā avijjāya mānānusayā bhavarāgānusayā avijjānusayā vuṭṭhāti, tadanuvattakakilesehi ca khandhehi ca vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā ca sabbanimittehi vuṭṭhāti. Ime dubhato vuṭṭhānā cattāro vimokkhā.
211 为证得初禅,有寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性;为证得第二禅……为证得第三禅……为证得第四禅,有寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性。这四种,是顺向内出离的四种解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katame ajjhattavuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā? Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya vitakko ca vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca, dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya vitakko ca vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca – ime ajjhattavuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā.
为证得空无边处定,有寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性;为证得识无边处定……为证得无所有处定……为证得非想非非想处定,有寻、伺、喜、乐、心一境性。这四种,是顺向外在出离的四种解脱。巴利
Katame bahiddhāvuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā? Ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiṃ paṭilābhatthāya vitakko ca vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca, viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiṃ…pe… ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ …pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ paṭilābhatthāya vitakko ca vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca – ime bahiddhāvuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā.
为证得入流道——无常随观、苦随观、无我随观;为证得一来道……为证得不来道……为证得阿拉汉道——无常随观、苦随观、无我随观。这四种,是顺向两端出离的四种解脱。巴利
Katame dubhato vuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā? Sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāya aniccānupassanā,dukkhānupassanā,anattānupassanā. Sakadāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāya…pe… anāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāya…pe… arahattamaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāya aniccānupassanā,dukkhānupassanā,anattānupassanā – ime dubhato vuṭṭhānānaṃ anulomā cattāro vimokkhā.
初禅的证得或果报、第二禅的证得或果报、第三禅的证得或果报、第四禅的证得或果报——这四种是内在出起的安息,名为四解脱。巴利
Katame ajjhattavuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā? Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭilābho vā vipāko vā, dutiyassa jhānassa…pe… tatiyassa jhānassa…pe… catutthassa jhānassa paṭilābho vā vipāko vā – ime ajjhattavuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā.
入流道的入流果、一来道的一来果、不来道的不来果、阿拉汉道的阿拉汉果——这四种是两边出起的安息,名为四解脱。巴利
Katame dubhato vuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā? Sotāpattimaggassa sotāpattiphalaṃ, sakadāgāmimaggassa sakadāgāmiphalaṃ , anāgāmimaggassa anāgāmiphalaṃ, arahattamaggassa arahattaphalaṃ – ime dubhato vuṭṭhānapaṭippassaddhī cattāro vimokkhā.
212 如何于此有一种人,于内、于自身作意青色相,取得青色想。他善巧把握那个相,善巧忆持,善巧安立。如此善巧把握、忆持、安立之后,他将心导向外在的青色相,取得青色想。他善巧把握那个相,善巧忆持,善巧安立。如此善巧把握、忆持、安立之后,他反复修习、培育、多修。他如是思惟:“内在与外在,此二者皆为色。”他便成为有“色想”者。同样地,有一种人于内、于自身作意黄色相……作意红色相……作意白色相,取得白色想。他善巧把握那个相,善巧忆持,善巧安立。如此善巧把握、忆持、安立之后,他将心导向外在的白色相,取得白色想。他善巧把握那个相,善巧忆持,善巧安立。如此善巧把握、忆持、安立之后,他反复修习、培育、多修。他如是思惟:“内在与外在,此二者皆为色。”他便成为有“色想”者。这便是“有色者见诸色”——一种解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Kathaṃ rūpī rūpāni passatīti – vimokkho? Idhekacco ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ nīlanimittaṃ manasikaroti, nīlasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karoti, sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti, svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpeti. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ katvā sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāretvā svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetvā bahiddhā nīlanimitte cittaṃ upasaṃharati, nīlasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karoti, sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti, svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpeti. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ katvā upadhāretvā svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetvā āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca ubhayamidaṃ rūpa’’nti, rūpasaññī hoti. Idhekacco ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ pītanimittaṃ…pe… lohitanimittaṃ…pe… odātanimittaṃ manasikaroti, odātasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karoti, sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti, svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpeti. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ katvā sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāretvā svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetvā bahiddhā odātanimitte cittaṃ upasaṃharati, odātasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karoti, sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti, svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpeti. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ katvā sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāretvā svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetvā āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca ubhayamidaṃ rūpa’’nti, rūpasaññī hoti. Evaṃ rūpī rūpāni passatīti – vimokkho.
如何于此有一种人,于内、于自身不留意青色相,不取得青色想;而将心投向外部青色相,取得青色想。他善巧把握那个相,善巧忆持,善巧安立。如此善巧把握、忆持、安立之后,他反复修习、培育、多修。他如是思惟:“内是无色,外是色。”他便成为有“色想”者。同样地,有一种人于内、于自身不留意黄色相……不留意红色相……不留意白色相,不取得白色想;而将心投向外部白色相,取得白色想。他善巧把握那个相,善巧忆持,善巧安立。如此善巧把握、忆持、安立之后,他反复修习、培育、多修。他如是思惟:“内是无色,外是色。”他便成为有“色想”者。这便是“内无色想者,外见诸色”——一种解脱。巴利
Kathaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passatīti – vimokkho? Idhekacco ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ nīlanimittaṃ na manasikaroti, nīlasaññaṃ na paṭilabhati; bahiddhā nīlanimitte cittaṃ upasaṃharati, nīlasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karoti, sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti, svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpeti. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ katvā sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāretvā svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetvā āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘ajjhattaṃ arūpaṃ, bahiddhā rūpamida’’nti, rūpasaññī hoti. Idhekacco ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ pītanimittaṃ…pe… lohitanimittaṃ…pe… odātanimittaṃ na manasikaroti, odātasaññaṃ na paṭilabhati; bahiddhā odātanimitte cittaṃ upasaṃharati, odātasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karoti, sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti, svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpeti. So taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ katvā sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāretvā svāvatthitaṃ avatthāpetvā āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘ajjhattaṃ arūpaṃ bahiddhā rūpamida’’nti, rūpasaññī hoti. Evaṃ ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī bahiddhā rūpāni passatīti – vimokkho.
如何于此,比丘以慈俱行之心遍满一方而住,同样遍满第二方、第三方、第四方。如是向上、向下、横向,遍一切处,视一切众生如己,以广大、崇高、无量、无怨恨、无恼害的慈俱行之心遍满一切世间而住。因修习慈心故,众生不令其厌恶。以悲俱之心……因修习悲心故,众生不令其厌恶。以喜俱之心……因修习喜心故,众生不令其厌恶。以舍俱之心遍满一方而住……因修习舍心故,众生不令其厌恶。如此,“他决意于清净”——这是解脱。巴利
Kathaṃ ‘‘subha’’nteva adhimutto hotīti – vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. Mettāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti. Karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… karuṇāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti. Muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti. Upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati…pe… upekkhāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti. Evaṃ ‘‘subhaṃ’’ teva adhimutto hotīti – vimokkho.
213 于此,比丘完全超越一切色想,平息有对想,不再作意种种想,便证得并安住于“空无边”的空无边处定——这便是空无边处定解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘‘ananto ākāso’’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho.
于此,比丘完全超越空无边处,便证得并安住于“识无边”的识无边处定——这便是识无边处定解脱。巴利
Katamo viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho.
于此,比丘完全超越识无边处,便证得并安住于“什么都没有”的无所有处定——这便是无所有处定解脱。巴利
Katamo ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘‘natthi kiñcī’’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho .
于此,比丘完全超越无所有处,便证得并安住于非想非非想处——这便是非想非非想处定解脱。巴利
Katamo nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti vimokkho.
何谓想受灭定解脱?于此,比丘完全超越非想非非想处,证入并安住于想受灭——这便是想受灭定解脱。巴利
Katamo saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpatti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpatti vimokkho.
何谓时解脱?即四禅那与四无色定。巴利
Katamo samayavimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ samayavimokkho.
四圣道、四沙门果与涅槃,即是非时解脱。巴利
Katamo asamayavimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ asamayavimokkho.
四禅那与四无色定,即是时解脱。巴利
Katamo sāmayiko vimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ sāmayiko vimokkho.
四圣道、四沙门果与涅槃,即是非时解脱。巴利
Katamo asāmayiko vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ asāmayiko vimokkho.
何谓动摇的解脱?即四禅那与四无色定。巴利
Katamo kuppo vimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ kuppo vimokkho.
何谓不动摇的解脱?即四圣道、四沙门果与涅槃。巴利
Katamo akuppo vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ akuppo vimokkho.
何谓世间的解脱?即四禅那与四无色定。巴利
Katamo lokiyo vimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ lokiyo vimokkho.
何谓出世间解脱?即四圣道、四沙门果与涅槃。巴利
Katamo lokuttaro vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ lokuttaro vimokkho.
何谓有漏的解脱?即四禅那与四无色定。巴利
Katamo sāsavo vimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ sāsavo vimokkho.
何谓无漏的解脱?即四圣道、四沙门果与涅槃。巴利
Katamo anāsavo vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ anāsavo vimokkho.
何谓有食味的解脱?即与色相应的解脱。巴利
Katamo sāmiso vimokkho? Rūpappaṭisaññutto vimokkho – ayaṃ sāmiso vimokkho.
何谓无食味的解脱?即与无色相应的解脱。巴利
Katamo nirāmiso vimokkho? Arūpappaṭisaññutto vimokkho – ayaṃ nirāmiso vimokkho.
何谓较无食味更无食味的解脱?即四圣道、四种沙门果与涅槃。巴利
Katamo nirāmisā nirāmisataro vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ nirāmisānirāmisataro vimokkho.
何谓有愿解脱?即四禅那与四无色定。何谓无愿解脱?即四圣道、四种沙门果与涅槃。巴利
Katamo paṇihito vimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ paṇihito vimokkho. Katamo appaṇihito vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ appaṇihito vimokkho.
何谓有愿止息解脱?即初禅那的证得或果报……乃至非想非非想处定的证得或果报。巴利
Katamo paṇihitappaṭippassaddhi vimokkho? Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭilābho vā vipāko vā …pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā paṭilābho vā vipāko vā – ayaṃ paṇihitappaṭippassaddhi vimokkho.
何谓相应解脱?即四禅那与四无色定。巴利
Katamo saññutto vimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ saññutto vimokkho.
何谓离系解脱?即四圣道、四种沙门果与涅槃。巴利
Katamo visaññutto vimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ visaññutto vimokkho.
什么是同一性解脱?即四圣道、四种沙门果与涅槃——这称为同一性解脱。巴利
Katamo ekattavimokkho? Cattāro ca ariyamaggā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, nibbānañca – ayaṃ ekattavimokkho.
什么是差异性解脱?即四禅那与四无色定——这称为差异性解脱。巴利
Katamo nānattavimokkho? Cattāri ca jhānāni, catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo – ayaṃ nānattavimokkho.
214 什么是经由“想”的解脱?从所缘基础和教说方式上说,一个“想”的解脱可以成为十个“想”的解脱,十个“想”的解脱可以成为一个“想”的解脱。为什么可以这样呢?无常随观的智,能从恒常的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。苦随观的智,能从快乐的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。无我随观的智,能从有我的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。厌离随观的智,能从欢喜的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。离贪随观的智,能从贪欲的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。灭随观的智,能从生起的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。弃舍随观的智,能从执取的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。无相随观的智,能从有相的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。无愿随观的智,能从有愿求的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。空随观的智,能从有执著的想中解脱出来,所以叫“想”的解脱。就是这样,从所缘基础和教说方式上说,一个“想”的解脱可以成为十个“想”的解脱,十个“想”的解脱可以成为一个“想”的解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo saññāvimokkho? Siyā eko saññāvimokkho dasa saññāvimokkhā honti, dasa saññāvimokkhā eko saññāvimokkho hoti, vatthuvasena pariyāyena. Kathañca siyā? Aniccānupassanāñāṃ niccato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho . Dukkhānupassanāñāṃ sukhato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ nandiyā saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ rāgato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ samudayato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ ādānato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ nimittato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko saññāvimokkho dasa saññāvimokkhā honti, dasa saññāvimokkhā eko saññāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于色,无常随观智,从常想中解脱,故名想解脱……(中略)……于色,空随观智,从执著想中解脱,故名想解脱。如是,依所缘事及教说方式,一想解脱可为十想解脱,十想解脱可为一想解脱。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho…pe… rūpe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko saññāvimokkho dasa saññāvimokkhā honti, dasa saññāvimokkhā eko saññāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于受……于想……于诸行……于识……于眼……(中略)……于老死,无常随观之智能从恒常之想中解脱,故称“想”的解脱……(中略)……于老死,空随观之智能从执取之想中解脱,故称“想”的解脱。如是,就所缘基础与分别方式而言,一个“想”的解脱可成为十个“想”的解脱,十个“想”的解脱可成为一个“想”的解脱——此即“想”的解脱。巴利
Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato saññāya muccatīti – saññāvimokkho . Evaṃ siyā, eko saññāvimokkho dasa saññāvimokkhā honti, dasa saññāvimokkhā eko saññāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena – ayaṃ saññāvimokkho.
215 什么是“智”的解脱?依所缘基础与分析方式而言,一个“智”的解脱可成十个“智”的解脱,十个“智”的解脱亦可成一个“智”的解脱。何以如此?由如实了知的无常随观智,能从对恒常的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的苦随观智,能从对快乐的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的无我随观智,能从对有我的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的厌离随观智,能从对欢喜的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的离贪随观智,能从对贪欲的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的寂灭随观智,能从对集起的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的舍遣随观智,能从对执取的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的无相随观智,能从对有相的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的无愿随观智,能从对有愿求的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。由如实了知的空随观智,能从对有执著的迷惑与无知中解脱,故称“智”的解脱。如是,依所缘基础与分析方式而言,一个“智”的解脱可成十个“智”的解脱,十个“智”的解脱亦可成一个“智”的解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo ñāṇavimokkho? Siyā eko ñāṇavimokkho dasa ñāṇavimokkhā honti, dasa ñāṇavimokkhā eko ñāṇavimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena siyāti . Kathañca siyā? Aniccānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ niccato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Dukkhānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ sukhato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Anattānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ attato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Nibbidānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ nandiyā sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Virāgānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ rāgato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Nirodhānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ samudayato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ ādānato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Animittānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ nimittato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanā thābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Suññatānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ abhinivesato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko ñāṇavimokkho dasa ñāṇavimokkhā honti, dasa ñāṇavimokkhā eko ñāṇavimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于色法,如实修习无常随观智,从对于常的迷惑与无知中解脱——这称为智解脱……于色法,如实修习空随观智,从对于执取的迷惑与无知中解脱——这称为智解脱。如此,一个智解脱可以成为十个智解脱,十个智解脱也可以成为一个智解脱,这是依所缘与教说方式而成立的。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ niccato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho…pe… rūpe suññatānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ abhinivesato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko ñāṇavimokkho dasa ñāṇavimokkhā honti, dasa ñāṇavimokkhā eko ñāṇavimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于受……于想……于诸行……于识……于眼……于老死,如实修习无常随观智,从对于常的迷惑与无知中解脱——这称为智解脱……于老死,如实修习空随观智,从对于执取的迷惑与无知中解脱——这称为智解脱。如此,一个智解脱可以成为十个智解脱,十个智解脱也可以成为一个智解脱,这是依所缘与教说方式而成立的——这便是智解脱。巴利
Vedanāya …pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ niccato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanā yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ abhinivesato sammohā aññāṇā muccatīti – ñāṇavimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko ñāṇavimokkho dasa ñāṇavimokkhā honti, dasa ñāṇavimokkhā eko ñāṇavimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena – ayaṃ ñāṇavimokkho.
216 什么是清凉解脱?依所缘与教说方式,一个清凉解脱可以成为十个清凉解脱,十个清凉解脱也可以成为一个清凉解脱。如何成立呢?以无常随观的无上清凉智,从常的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以苦随观的无上清凉智,从乐的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以无我随观的无上清凉智,从我的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以厌离随观的无上清凉智,从欢喜的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以离贪随观的无上清凉智,从贪欲的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以灭随观的无上清凉智,从集的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以弃舍随观的无上清凉智,从执取的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以无相随观的无上清凉智,从相的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以无愿随观的无上清凉智,从愿求的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。以空随观的无上清凉智,从邪执的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。如此,一个清凉解脱成为十个清凉解脱,十个清凉解脱成为一个清凉解脱,这是依所缘与教法而成立的。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo sītisiyāvimokkho? Siyā eko sītisiyāvimokkho dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā honti, dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā eko sītisiyāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena siyāti. Kathañca siyā? Aniccānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ niccato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Dukkhānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ sukhato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Anattānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ attato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Nibbidānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ nandiyā santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Virāgānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ rāgato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho . Nirodhānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ samudayato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ ādānato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Animittānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ nimittato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Suññatānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ abhinivesato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko sītisiyāvimokkho dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā honti, dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā eko sītisiyāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于色法,以无常随观的无上清凉智,从常的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱;……于色法,以空随观的无上清凉智,从邪执的炽燃、烧灼与苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。如此,一个清凉解脱成为十个清凉解脱,十个清凉解脱成为一个清凉解脱,这是依所缘与教法而成立的。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ niccato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho…pe… rūpe suññatānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ abhinivesato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko sītisiyāvimokkho dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā honti, dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā eko sītisiyāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于受……于想……于诸行……于识……于眼……乃至于老死,以无常随观的无上清凉智,从常执所生的炽燃、烧灼、苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。……乃至于老死,以空随观的无上清凉智,从邪执所生的炽燃、烧灼、苦恼中解脱——这称为清凉解脱。如是,一个清凉解脱可成为十个清凉解脱,十个清凉解脱也可成为一个清凉解脱,这是依于事相与教说方式而成立的。巴利
Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ niccato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanā anuttaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ ñāṇaṃ abhinivesato santāpapariḷāhadarathā muccatīti – sītisiyāvimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko sītisiyāvimokkho dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā honti, dasa sītisiyāvimokkhā eko sītisiyāvimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena – ayaṃ sītisiyāvimokkho.
217 什么是禅那?‘出离’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽欲贪,所以是禅那。在修习禅中解脱,称为禅那解脱。在烧尽中解脱,称为禅那解脱。‘在修习禅’指的是诸法;‘烧尽’指的是烦恼。对于已修习者和已烧尽者都了知,所以是禅那解脱。‘无嗔’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽嗔恚,所以是禅那。在修习禅中解脱,称为禅那解脱。在烧尽中解脱,称为禅那解脱。‘在修习禅’指的是诸法;‘烧尽’指的是烦恼。对于已修习者和已烧尽者都了知,所以是禅那解脱。‘光明想’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽昏沉睡眠,所以是禅那……(省略重复句式)‘不散乱’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽掉举,所以是禅那。‘法分别’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽疑,所以是禅那。‘智’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽无明,所以是禅那。‘喜悦’在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽不乐,所以是禅那。初禅在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽五盖,所以是禅那……(省略重复句式)阿拉汉道在修习禅,所以是禅那;它烧尽一切烦恼,所以是禅那。在修习禅中解脱,称为禅那解脱。在烧尽中解脱,称为禅那解脱。‘在修习禅’指的是诸法;‘烧尽’指的是烦恼。对于已修习者和已烧尽者都了知,所以是禅那解脱——这是禅那解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo jhānavimokkho? Nekkhammaṃ jhāyatīti jhānaṃ. Kāmacchandaṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Jhāyanto muccatīti – jhānavimokkho. Jhāpento muccatīti – jhānavimokkho. Jhāyantīti – dhammā. Jhāpetīti – kilese. Jhāte ca jhāpe ca jānātīti – jhānavimokkho. Abyāpādo jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Byāpādaṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Jhāyanto muccatīti – jhānavimokkho. Jhāpento muccatīti – jhānavimokkho. Jhāyantīti – dhammā. Jhāpetīti – kilese. Jhāte ca jhāpe ca jānātīti – jhānavimokkho. Ālokasaññā jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Thinamiddhaṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ…pe… avikkhepo jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Uddhaccaṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Dhammavavatthānaṃ jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Vicikicchaṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Ñāṇaṃ jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Avijjaṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Pāmojjaṃ jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Aratiṃ jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Nīvaraṇe jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ…pe… arahattamaggo jhāyatīti – jhānaṃ. Sabbakilese jhāpetīti – jhānaṃ. Jhāyanto muccatīti – jhānavimokkho. Jhāpento muccatīti – jhānavimokkho. Jhāyantīti – dhammā. Jhāpetīti – kilese. Jhāte ca jhāpe ca jānātīti – jhānavimokkho – ayaṃ jhānavimokkho.
218 依所缘基础与教说方式,如何一种无执取心的解脱能成为十种无执取心的解脱,而十种无执取心的解脱又能成为一种无执取心的解脱?这如何可能?无常随观智从执常的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。苦随观智从执乐的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。无我随观智从执我的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。厌离随观智从执喜的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。离贪随观智从执贪的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。灭随观智从执生的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。弃舍随观智从执持的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。无相随观智从执相的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。无愿随观智从执愿的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。空随观智从执著的执取中解脱——这是无执取心的解脱。如此,依所缘基础与教说方式,一种无执取心的解脱可以成为十种无执取心的解脱,十种无执取心的解脱也可以成为一种无执取心的解脱。巴利 注疏 1
Katamo anupādā cittassa vimokkho? Siyā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā honti, dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena siyāti . Kathañca siyā? Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ nandiyā upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ rāgato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ samudayato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ ādānato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ nimittato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā honti, dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
对于色,无常随观智从执取常中解脱——这是无执取心解脱。……(中略)……对于色,空随观智从执取邪见中解脱——这是无执取心解脱。如是,依于可能,一种无执取心解脱即成为十种;依于事理与教说,十种无执取心解脱便是一种无执取心解脱。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho…pe… rūpe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā honti, dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
于感受……(中略)……于想……于诸行……于识……于眼……(中略)……于老死,无常随观智从执常的执取中解脱——此即无执取心解脱。……(中略)……于老死,空随观智从执著的执取中解脱——此即无执取心解脱。如是,一种无执取心解脱可成十种;依所缘事与教说,十种无执取心解脱亦成一种无执取心解脱。巴利
Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato upādānā muccatīti – anupādācittassa vimokkho. Evaṃ siyā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā honti , dasa anupādācittassa vimokkhā eko anupādācittassa vimokkho hoti vatthuvasena pariyāyena.
无常随观智从几种取中解脱?苦随观智从几种取中解脱?无我随观智从几种取中解脱?厌离随观智……(中略)……离贪随观智……灭尽随观智……弃舍随观智……无相随观智……无愿随观智……空随观智从几种取中解脱?巴利
Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ katihupādānehi muccati? Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ katihupādānehi muccati? Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ katihupādānehi muccati? Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ…pe… virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ… nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ… paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ… animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ… appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ… suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ katihupādānehi muccatīti?
无常随观智从三种取中解脱。苦随观智从一种取中解脱。无我随观智从三种取中解脱。厌离随观智从一种取中解脱。离贪随观智从一种取中解脱。灭尽随观智从四种取中解脱。弃舍随观智从四种取中解脱。无相随观智从三种取中解脱。无愿随观智从一种取中解脱。空随观智从三种取中解脱。巴利
Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ tīhupādānehi muccati. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ tīhupādānehi muccati. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ catūhupādānehi muccati. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ catūhupādānehi muccati. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ tīhupādānehi muccati. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ tīhupādānehi muccati.
无常随观智从哪三种取中解脱?从见取、戒禁取、我语取——无常随观智由此三种取中解脱。苦随观智从哪一种取中解脱?从欲取——苦随观智由此一种取中解脱。无我随观智从哪三种取中解脱?从见取、戒禁取、我语取——无我随观智由此三种取中解脱。厌离随观智从哪一种取中解脱?从欲取——厌离随观智由此一种取中解脱。离贪随观智从哪一种取中解脱?从欲取——离贪随观智由此一种取中解脱。灭尽随观智从哪四种取中解脱?从欲取、见取、戒禁取、我语取——灭尽随观智由此四种取中解脱。弃舍随观智从哪四种取中解脱?从欲取、见取、戒禁取、我语取——弃舍随观智由此四种取中解脱。无相随观智从哪三种取中解脱?从见取、戒禁取、我语取——无相随观智由此三种取中解脱。无愿随观智从哪一种取中解脱?从欲取——无愿随观智由此一种取中解脱。空随观智从哪三种取中解脱?从见取、戒禁取、我语取——空随观智由此三种取中解脱。巴利
Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamehi tīhupādānehi muccati? Diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ imehi tīhupādānehi muccati. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamā ekupādānā muccati? Kāmupādānā – dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ idaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamehi tīhupādānehi muccati? Diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ imehi tīhupādānehi muccati. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamā ekupādānā muccati? Kāmupādānā – nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ idaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamā ekupādānā muccati? Kāmupādānā – virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ idaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamehi catūhupādānehi muccati? Kāmupādānā, diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ imehi catūhupādānehi muccati. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamehi catūhupādānehi muccati? Kāmupādānā, diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ imehi catūhupādānehi muccati. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamehi tīhupādānehi muccati? Diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ imehi tīhupādānehi muccati. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamā ekupādānā muccati? Kāmupādānā – appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ idaṃ ekupādānā muccati. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ katamehi tīhupādānehi muccati? Diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ imehi tīhupādānehi muccati.
那无常随观智、那无我随观智、那无相随观智、那空随观智——这四种智从三种取中解脱:见取、戒禁取、我语取。那苦随观智、那厌离随观智、那离贪随观智、那无愿随观智——这四种智从一种取中解脱:欲取。那灭尽随观智与那弃舍随观智——这两种智从四种取中解脱:欲取、见取、戒禁取、我语取。这便是无执取心的解脱。巴利
Yañca aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yañca anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yañca animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yañca suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ – imāni cattāri ñāṇāni tīhupādānehi muccanti – diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā. Yañca dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yaṃ ca nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yañca virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yañca appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ – imāni cattāri ñāṇāni ekupādānā muccanti – kāmupādānā. Yañca nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ, yañca paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ – imāni dve ñāṇāni catūhupādānehi muccanti – kāmupādānā, diṭṭhupādānā, sīlabbatupādānā, attavādupādānā – ayaṃ anupādācittassa vimokkho.
解脱论·第一诵分巴利
Vimokkhakathāya paṭhamabhāṇavāro.
219 然而,确实有这三种解脱门,导向出离世间:通过观察一切行,了知它们有限、周遍,心跃入无相界;通过对一切行心生策励,心跃入无愿界;通过将一切法观为外物,心跃入空界。这三种解脱门导向出离世间。巴利 注疏 1
Tīṇi kho panimāni vimokkhamukhāni lokaniyyānāya saṃvattanti. Sabbasaṅkhāre paricchedaparivaṭumato samanupassanatāya animittāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya, sabbasaṅkhāresu manosamuttejanatāya appaṇihitāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya, sabbadhamme parato samanupassanatāya suññatāya ca dhātuyā cittasampakkhandanatāya – imāni tīṇi vimokkhamukhāni lokaniyyānāya saṃvattanti.
作意无常时,诸行如何呈现?作意苦时,诸行如何呈现?作意无我时,诸行如何呈现?作意无常时,诸行呈现为坏灭;作意苦时,诸行呈现为恐怖;作意无我时,诸行呈现为空。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti? Dukkhato manasikaroto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti? Anattato manasikaroto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti? Aniccato manasikaroto khayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti, dukkhato manasikaroto bhayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti, anattato manasikaroto suññato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti.
作意无常时,心中以什么为多?作意苦时,心中以什么为多?作意无我时,心中以什么为多?作意无常时,心中以胜解为多;作意苦时,心中以轻安为多;作意无我时,心中以智慧为多。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto kiṃ bahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti? Dukkhato manasikaroto kiṃ bahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti? Anattato manasikaroto kiṃ bahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti? Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti . Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti.
若常作意无常、胜解增上者,得何根?若常作意苦、轻安增上者,得何根?若常作意无我、智增上者,得何根?常作意无常、胜解增上者,得信根。常作意苦、轻安增上者,得定根。常作意无我、智增上者,得慧根。巴利
Aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo katamindriyaṃ paṭilabhati? Dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo katamindriyaṃ paṭilabhati? Anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo katamindriyaṃ paṭilabhati? Aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo saddhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati. Dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo samādhindriyaṃ paṭilabhati. Anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo paññindriyaṃ paṭilabhati.
若常作意无常、胜解增上者,以何根为增上?修习时,余诸根如何随转?他们以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘为缘,同一味。以何义说为修习?谁在修习?若常作意苦、轻安增上者,以何根为增上?修习时,余诸根如何随转?他们以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘为缘,同一味。以何义说为修习?谁在修习?若常作意无我、智增上者,以何根为增上?修习时,余诸根如何随转?他们以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘为缘,同一味。以何义说为修习?谁在修习?常作意无常、胜解增上者,信根为增上。修习时,余四根随转,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘为缘,同一味。以同一味之义,说为修习。正行道之人,彼在修习;邪行道之人,则无根的修习。常作意苦、轻安增上者,定根为增上。修习时,余四根随转,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘为缘,同一味。以同一味之义,说为修习。正行道之人,彼在修习;邪行道之人,则无根的修习。常作意无我、智增上者,慧根为增上。修习时,余四根随转,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘为缘,同一味。以同一味之义,说为修习。正行道之人,彼在修习;邪行道之人,则无根的修习。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti, bhāvanāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, ko bhāveti? Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti, bhāvanāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, ko bhāveti? Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti, bhāvanāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, ko bhāveti? Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa saddhindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Bhāvanāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Yo sammāpaṭipanno so bhāveti; natthi micchāpaṭipannassa indriyabhāvanā. Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa samādhindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Bhāvanāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti , sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti , ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Yo sammāpaṭipanno so bhāveti; natthi micchāpaṭipannassa indriyabhāvanā. Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa paññindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Bhāvanāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Yo sammāpaṭipanno so bhāveti; natthi micchāpaṭipannassa indriyabhāvanā.
220 若有人持续作意无常,且胜解力强,则以何根为主导?于修习阶段,哪些根会随顺彼而生起?它们之间是否具有俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘的关系?于通达时刻,又以何根为主导?为得通达,哪些根会随顺彼而生起?它们之间是否具有俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘的关系,并成就同一作用?从何意义而言,名为修习?从何意义而言,名为通达?若有人持续作意苦,且轻安力强,则以何根为主导?于修习阶段,哪些根会随顺彼而生起?它们之间是否具有俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘的关系?于通达时刻,又以何根为主导?为得通达,哪些根会随顺彼而生起?它们之间是否具有俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘的关系,并成就同一作用?从何意义而言,名为修习?从何意义而言,名为通达?若有人持续作意无我,且智觉力强,则以何根为主导?于修习阶段,哪些根会随顺彼而生起?它们之间是否具有俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘的关系?于通达时刻,又以何根为主导?为得通达,哪些根会随顺彼而生起?它们之间是否具有俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘的关系,并成就同一作用?从何意义而言,名为修习?从何意义而言,名为通达?巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti? Bhāvanāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti? Paṭivedhakāle katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti? Paṭivedhāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti? Kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā? Kenaṭṭhena paṭivedho? Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti? Bhāvanāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti , aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti? Paṭivedhakāle katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti? Paṭivedhāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti? Kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā? Kenaṭṭhena paṭivedho? Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti? Bhāvanāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti? Paṭivedhakāle katamindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti? Paṭivedhāya katindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti? Kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā? Kenaṭṭhena paṭivedho?
对于常作意无常且胜解增上者,信根便成主导。于修习时,四根随此信根俱起,他们之间以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而相关。于通达位,慧根便成主导。为通达故,四根随彼慧根俱起,他们之间以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而相关,且成就同一作用。由成就同一作用而言,即是修习;由见道而言,即是通达。如是,正在通达者亦在修习,正在修习者亦在通达。对于常作意苦且轻安增上者,定根便成主导。于修习时,四根随此定根俱起,他们之间以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而相关。于通达位,慧根便成主导。为通达故,四根随彼慧根俱起,他们之间以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而相关,且成就同一作用。由成就同一作用而言,即是修习;由见道而言,即是通达。如是,正在通达者亦在修习,正在修习者亦在通达。对于常作意无我且慧观增上者,慧根便成主导。于修习时,四根随此慧根俱起,他们之间以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而相关。于通达位,慧根便成主导。为通达故,四根随彼慧根俱起,他们之间以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而相关,且成就同一作用。由成就同一作用而言,即是修习;由见道而言,即是通达。如是,正在通达者亦在修习,正在修习者亦在通达。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa saddhindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Bhāvanāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti , sampayuttapaccayā honti. Paṭivedhakāle paññindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Paṭivedhāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Dassanaṭṭhena paṭivedho. Evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhati. Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa samādhindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Bhāvanāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti. Paṭivedhakāle paññindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Paṭivedhāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Dassanaṭṭhena paṭivedho. Evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhati. Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa paññindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Bhāvanāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti. Paṭivedhakālepi paññindriyaṃ ādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Paṭivedhāya cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Dassanaṭṭhena paṭivedho. Evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhati.
221 对于常作意无常者,何根会得增胜?因何根增胜,而成为信解脱者?对于常作意苦者,何根会得增胜?因何根增胜,而成为身证者?对于常作意无我者,何根会得增胜?因何根增胜,而成为见至者?巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaroto katamindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti? Katamindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti? Dukkhato manasikaroto katamindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti? Katamindriyassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti? Anattato manasikaroto katamindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti? Katamindriyassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti?
常作意无常者,信根增胜。以信根增胜故,成为信解脱者。常作意苦者,定根增胜。以定根增胜故,成为身证者。常作意无我者,慧根增胜。以慧根增胜故,成为见至者。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti. Dukkhato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Samādhindriyassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti. Anattato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Paññindriyassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti.
信解而解脱者,名为信解脱者。以身触证者,名为身证者。由见而到达者,名为见至者。信而解脱者,即是信解脱者。先触证禅那之触,而后作证寂灭涅槃者,即是身证者。对于“诸行是苦,寂灭是乐”已有知、有见、有解悟、有作证、有触证,并以智慧照见者,即是见至者。而这信解脱者、身证者、见至者三种人,从所依和方便的角度而言,一人可能同时兼具信解脱者、身证者与见至者。何以故?持续作意无常者,信根增胜;以信根增胜故,成为信解脱者。持续作意苦者,信根增胜;以信根增胜故,成为信解脱者。持续作意无我者,信根增胜;以信根增胜故,成为信解脱者。如是,此三种人皆依信根之力而成为信解脱者。巴利
Saddahanto vimuttoti – saddhāvimutto. Phuṭṭhattā sacchikatoti – kāyasakkhī. Diṭṭhattā pattoti – diṭṭhippatto. Saddahanto vimuccatīti – saddhāvimutto. Jhānaphassaṃ paṭhamaṃ phusati, pacchā nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti – kāyasakkhī. ‘‘Dukkhā saṅkhārā, sukho nirodho’’ti ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ viditaṃ sacchikataṃ phassitaṃ paññāyāti – diṭṭhippatto. Yo cāyaṃ puggalo saddhāvimutto, yo ca kāyasakkhī, yo ca diṭṭhippatto, siyā ime tayo puggalā saddhāvimuttāpi kāyasakkhīpi diṭṭhippattāpi vatthuvasena pariyāyena siyāti. Kathañca siyā? Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti. Dukkhato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti. Anattato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti. Evaṃ ime tayo puggalā saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā.
持续作意苦者,定根增胜;以定根增胜故,成为身证者。持续作意无我者,定根增胜;以定根增胜故,成为身证者。持续作意无常者,定根增胜;以定根增胜故,成为身证者。如是,此三种人皆依定根之力而成为身证者。巴利
Dukkhato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Samādhindriyassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti. Anattato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Samādhindriyassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti. Aniccato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Samādhindriyassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti. Evaṃ ime tayo puggalā samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī.
作意无我者,慧根极为强盛,因慧根极为强盛而成为见至者。作意无常者,慧根极为强盛,因慧根极为强盛而成为见至者。作意苦者,慧根极为强盛,因慧根极为强盛而成为见至者。如是,此三种人由慧根之力成为见至者。巴利
Anattato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Paññindriyassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti. Aniccato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Paññindriyassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti. Dukkhato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Paññindriyassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti. Evaṃ ime tayo puggalā paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
所谓信解脱者、身证者与见至者,依所缘而言,这三类人既可称为信解脱者,亦可称为身证者,还可称为见至者。而信解脱者、身证者与见至者,也可如此……信解脱者是一类,身证者是另一类,见至者又是另一类。此为何故?当对无常作意时,信根极为强盛;因信根极强盛,他便成为信解脱者。当对苦作意时,定根极为强盛;因定根极强盛,他便成为身证者。当对无我作意时,慧根极为强盛;因慧根极强盛,他便成为见至者。如此,信解脱者、身证者与见至者,依所缘可说这三类人既是信解脱者,又是身证者,又是见至者。然而,信解脱者实为另一类,身证者为另一类,见至者为另一类。巴利
Yo cāyaṃ puggalo saddhāvimutto, yo ca kāyasakkhī, yo ca diṭṭhippatto, evaṃ siyā ime tayo puggalā saddhāvimuttāpi kāyasakkhīpi diṭṭhippattāpi vatthuvasena pariyāyena. Yo cāyaṃ puggalo saddhāvimutto, yo ca kāyasakkhī, yo ca diṭṭhippatto, siyā ime tayo puggalā…pe… aññoyeva saddhāvimutto, añño kāyasakkhī, añño diṭṭhippatto siyāti. Kathañca siyā? Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Saddhindriyassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti. Dukkhato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Samādhindriyassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti. Anattato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Paññindriyassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti. Yo cāyaṃ puggalo saddhāvimutto, yo ca kāyasakkhī, yo ca diṭṭhippatto, evaṃ siyā ime tayo puggalā saddhāvimuttāpi kāyasakkhīpi diṭṭhippattāpi vatthuvasena pariyāyena. Aññoyeva saddhāvimutto, añño kāyasakkhī, añño diṭṭhippatto.
对无常作意时,信根极为强盛;因信根极强盛,他便证得入流道,因此名为“信随行者”。其余四根随之转起,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而生。依于信根之力,有此四根的修习。凡是依信根之力证得入流道者,皆是信随行者。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhati; tena vuccati – ‘‘saddhānusārī’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti. Saddhindriyassa vasena catunnaṃ indriyānaṃ bhāvanā hoti. Ye hi keci saddhindriyassa vasena sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhanti , sabbe te saddhānusārino.
对无常作意时,信根极为强盛;因信根极强盛,他便亲证入流果,因此名为“信解脱者”。其余四根随之转起,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而生。依于信根之力,四根得以修习、得以善修。凡是依信根之力亲证入流果者,皆是信解脱者。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti; tena vuccati – ‘‘saddhāvimutto’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti. Saddhindriyassa vasena cattārindriyāni bhāvitāni honti subhāvitāni . Yehi keci saddhindriyassa vasena sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikatā, sabbe te saddhāvimuttā.
当人作意无常时,信根变得极为强盛。由于信根极为强盛,他证得一来道……亲证一来果……证得不来道……亲证不来果……证得阿拉汉道……亲证阿拉汉果;因此被称为“信解脱者”。其余四根随之转起……以相应缘而生起。依信根之力,四根得以修习、得以善修习。凡是依信根之力亲证阿拉汉果者,皆是信解脱者。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, saddhindriyassa adhimattattā sakadāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… sakadāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… anāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilabhati… anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… arahattamaggaṃ paṭilabhati… arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti; tena vuccati – ‘‘saddhāvimutto’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti…pe… sampayuttapaccayā honti. Saddhindriyassa vasena cattārindriyāni bhāvitāni honti subhāvitāni. Yehi keci saddhindriyassa vasena arahattaṃ sacchikatā, sabbe te saddhāvimuttā.
当对苦作意时,定根变得极为强盛。由定根极为强盛故,他证得入流道;由此被称为“身证者”。其余四根随之转起,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而生起。依定根之力,这四根得以修习。凡依定根之力证得入流道者,一切皆是身证者。巴利
Dukkhato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, samādhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhati; tena vuccati – ‘‘kāyasakkhī’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti , sampayuttapaccayā honti. Samādhindriyassa vasena catunnaṃ indriyānaṃ bhāvanā hoti. Ye hi keci samādhindriyassa vasena sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhanti, sabbe te kāyasakkhī.
作意于苦者,其定根变得特别强盛;由于定根特别强盛,证得入流果……进一步证得一来道……进一步证得一来果……进一步获得不来道……进一步证得不来果……进一步获得阿拉汉道……进一步证得阿拉汉果;由此便被称为“身证者”。其余四根成为随从,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而转起。依定根之力,四根得以修习、得以善巧修习。凡由定根之力证得阿拉汉果者,一切皆是身证者。巴利
Dukkhato manasikaroto samādhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, samādhindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… sakadāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… sakadāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… anāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… arahattamaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti; tena vuccati – ‘‘kāyasakkhī’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti. Samādhindriyassa vasena cattārindriyāni bhāvitāni honti subhāvitāni. Yehi keci samādhindriyassa vasena arahattaṃ sacchikatā, sabbe te kāyasakkhī.
持续作意无我者,慧根增胜;以慧根增胜故,证得入流道,因此名为“法随者”。其余四根随之而生……为相应缘。依慧根之力,四根得以修习。凡依慧根之力而证入流道者,皆为法随者。巴利
Anattato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, paññindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhati; tena vuccati – ‘‘dhammānusārī’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti…pe… sampayuttapaccayā honti. Paññindriyassa vasena catunnaṃ indriyānaṃ bhāvanā hoti. Ye hi keci paññindriyassa vasena sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhanti, sabbe te dhammānusārino.
对于作意无我者,慧根变得极为强盛;由于慧根极为强盛,便证入流果,由此称为“见至者”。其余四根随之转起……成为相应缘。由慧根之力,四根已被修习、善修习。凡由慧根之力证入流果者,皆是见至者。巴利
Anattato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, paññindriyassa adhimattattā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti; tena vuccati – ‘‘diṭṭhippatto’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti…pe… sampayuttapaccayā honti. Paññindriyassa vasena cattārindriyāni bhāvitāni honti subhāvitāni. Yehi keci paññindriyassa vasena sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikatā, sabbe te diṭṭhippattā.
对于作意无我者,慧根变得极为强盛;由于慧根极为强盛,他证得一来道……继而一来果得以证得……证得不来道……继而不来果得以证得……证得阿拉汉道……继而阿拉汉果得以证得;因此称之为“见至者”。四根随之生起,以俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘而存在。由于慧根之力,四根得到修习、得到善修习。凡是凭慧根之力证得阿拉汉果者,皆是见至者。巴利
Anattato manasikaroto paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, paññindriyassa adhimattattā sakadāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… sakadāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… anāgāmimaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti…pe… arahattamaggaṃ paṭilabhati…pe… arahattaṃ sacchikataṃ hoti; tena vuccati – ‘‘diṭṭhippatto’’. Cattārindriyāni tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti. Paññindriyassa vasena cattārindriyāni bhāvitāni honti subhāvitāni. Yehi keci paññindriyassa vasena arahattaṃ sacchikatā, sabbe te diṭṭhippattā.
222 凡是已修习、正在修习或将要修习出离者,凡是已证得、正在证得或将要证得者,凡是已达到、正在达到或将要达到者,凡是已获得、正在获得或将要获得者,凡是已通达、正在通达或将要通达者,凡是已作证、正在作证或将要作证者,凡是已触达、正在触达或将要触达者,凡是已得自在、正在得自在或将要得自在者,凡是已得圆满、正在得圆满或将要得圆满者,凡是已得无畏、正在得无畏或将要得无畏者——所有这些人,依信根之力而为信解脱者,依定根之力而为身证者,依慧根之力而为见至者。巴利 注疏 1
Ye hi keci nekkhammaṃ bhāvitā vā bhāventi vā bhāvissanti vā, adhigatā vā adhigacchanti vā adhigamissanti vā, pattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, paṭiladdhā vā paṭilabhanti vā paṭilabhissanti vā, paṭividdhā vā paṭivijjhanti vā paṭivijjhissanti vā, sacchikatā vā sacchikaronti vā sacchikarissanti vā, phassitā vā phassanti vā phassissanti vā, vasippattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, pāramippattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, vesārajjappattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, sabbe te saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
凡是于无嗔已修习、正修习或将修习者;于光明想……于不散乱……于法决定……于智……于喜悦……于初禅……于第二禅……于第三禅……于第四禅……于空无边处等至……于识无边处等至……于无所有处等至……于非想非非想处等至……于无常随观……于苦随观……于无我随观……于厌离随观……于离贪随观……于灭随观……于弃舍随观……于尽随观……于坏灭随观……于变易随观……于无相随观……于无愿随观……于空随观……于增上慧法观……于如实知见……于过患随观……于思察随观……于出离随观……于入流道……于一来道……于不来道……于阿拉汉道已修习、正修习或将修习者,……巴利
Ye hi keci abyāpādaṃ…pe… ālokasaññaṃ… avikkhepaṃ… dhammavavatthānaṃ… ñāṇaṃ… pāmojjaṃ… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ… ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiṃ… viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiṃ … ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ… aniccānupassanaṃ… dukkhānupassanaṃ… anattānupassanaṃ… nibbidānupassanaṃ… virāgānupassanaṃ … nirodhānupassanaṃ… paṭinissaggānupassanaṃ… khayānupassanaṃ… vayānupassanaṃ… vipariṇāmānupassanaṃ… animittānupassanaṃ… appaṇihitānupassanaṃ… suññatānupassanaṃ… adhipaññādhammavipassanaṃ… yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ… ādīnavānupassanaṃ… paṭisaṅkhānupassanaṃ… vivaṭṭanānupassanaṃ… sotāpattimaggaṃ… sakadāgāmimaggaṃ… anāgāmimaggaṃ… arahattamaggaṃ….
无论任何人,于四念处……四正勤……四神足……五根……五力……七觉支……八圣道;无论任何人,于八解脱,已修习、正修习、或当修习;已证得、正证得、或当证得;已到达、正到达、或当到达;已获得、正获得、或当获得;已通达、正通达、或当通达;已体证、正体证、或当体证;已触证、正触证、或当触证;已得自在、正得自在、或当得自在;已得圆满、正得圆满、或当得圆满;已得无畏、正得无畏、或当得无畏——凡这些人,依信根而为信解脱者,依定根而为身证者,依慧根而为见至者。巴利
Ye hi keci cattāro satipaṭṭhāne… cattāro sammappadhāne… cattāro iddhipāde… pañcindriyāni… pañca balāni… satta bojjhaṅge… ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ… ye hi keci aṭṭha vimokkhe bhāvitā vā bhāventi vā bhāvissanti vā, adhigatā vā adhigacchanti vā adhigamissanti vā, pattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, paṭiladdhā vā paṭilabhanti vā paṭilabhissanti vā, paṭividdhā vā paṭivijjhanti vā paṭivijjhissanti vā, sacchikatā vā sacchikaronti vā sacchikarissanti vā, phassitā vā phassanti vā phassissanti vā, vasippattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā pāramippattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, vesārajjappattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, sabbe te saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
任何人,不论是已证得、正证得或当证得四无碍解……(中略)……这些人,皆依信根而为信解脱者,依定根而为身证者,依慧根而为见至者。巴利
Ye hi keci catasso paṭisambhidā pattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā…pe… sabbe te saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
任何人,不论是已通达、正通达或当通达三明……(中略)……这些人,皆依信根而为信解脱者,依定根而为身证者,依慧根而为见至者。巴利
Ye hi keci tisso vijjā paṭividdhā vā paṭivijjhanti vā paṭivijjhissanti vā…pe… sabbe te saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
无论是谁,于三学——或已学、或正学、或当学;或已体证、或正体证、或当体证;或已触及、或正触及、或当触及;或已证得自在、或正证得自在、或当证得自在;或已证得圆满、或正证得圆满、或当证得圆满;或已证得无畏、或正证得无畏、或当证得无畏——所有这些人,皆依信根而为信解脱者,依定根而为身证者,依慧根而为见至者。巴利
Ye hi keci tisso sikkhā sikkhitā vā sikkhanti vā sikkhissanti vā, sacchikatā vā sacchikaronti vā sacchikarissanti vā, phassitā vā phassanti vā phassissanti vā, vasippattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, pāramippattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, vesārajjappattā vā pāpuṇanti vā pāpuṇissanti vā, sabbe te saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
凡遍知苦、断除集、体证灭、修习道者,皆依信根而为信解脱者,依定根而为身证者,依慧根而为见至者。巴利
Ye hi keci dukkhaṃ parijānanti samudayaṃ pajahanti nirodhaṃ sacchikaronti maggaṃ bhāventi, sabbe te saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
谛的证悟有几种方式?以几种方式证悟诸谛?以四种方式而有谛的证悟,以四种方式而证悟诸谛。他以遍知而证悟苦谛,以断除而证悟集谛,以体证而证悟灭谛,以修习而证悟道谛。以这四种方式,而有谛的证悟。以这四种方式证悟诸谛者,依信根则成为信解脱者,依定根则成为身证者,依慧根则成为见至者。巴利
Katihākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti? Katihākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati? Catūhākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Catūhākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati. Dukkhasaccaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, samudayasaccaṃ pahānappaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, nirodhasaccaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, maggasaccaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati. Imehi catūhākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Imehi catūhākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhanto saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimutto, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippatto.
诸谛的证悟有几种方式?以几种方式证悟诸谛?诸谛的证悟有九种方式,以九种方式证悟诸谛。以遍知证悟苦圣谛,以断除证悟集圣谛,以作证证悟灭圣谛,以修习证悟道圣谛。又有:以通智证悟一切法,以遍知证悟一切行,以断除证悟一切不善,以修习证悟四种道,以作证证悟灭。以这九种方式而有诸谛的证悟。以这九种方式证悟诸谛者,由信根力而成为信解脱者,由定根力而成为身证者,由慧根力而成为见至者。巴利
Katihākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti? Katihākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati ? Navahākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti, navahākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati. Dukkhasaccaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, samudayasaccaṃ pahānappaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, nirodhasaccaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, maggasaccaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati. Abhiññāpaṭivedho ca sabbadhammānaṃ, pariññāpaṭivedho ca sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ, pahānappaṭivedho ca sabbākusalānaṃ, bhāvanāpaṭivedho ca catunnaṃ maggānaṃ, sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho ca nirodhassa. Imehi navahākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Imehi navahākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhanto saddhindriyassa vasena saddhāvimutto, samādhindriyassa vasena kāyasakkhī, paññindriyassa vasena diṭṭhippatto.
223 作意无常时,诸行如何呈现?作意苦时,诸行如何呈现?作意无我时,诸行如何呈现?作意无常者,诸行呈现为灭尽;作意苦者,诸行呈现为怖畏;作意无我者,诸行呈现为空。巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaroto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti? Dukkhato manasikaroto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti? Anattato manasikaroto kathaṃ saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti? Aniccato manasikaroto khayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti. Dukkhato manasikaroto bhayato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti. Anattato manasikaroto suññato saṅkhārā upaṭṭhanti.
作意无常者,心常以何为多?作意苦者,心常以何为多?作意无我者,心常以何为多?作意无常者,心多住于胜解;作意苦者,心多住于轻安;作意无我者,心多住于智。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto kiṃ bahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti? Dukkhato manasikaroto kiṃ bahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti? Anattato manasikaroto kiṃ bahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti? Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulaṃ cittaṃ hoti.
作意无常而胜解为多者,证得何等解脱?作意苦而轻安为多者,证得何等解脱?作意无我而智为多者,证得何等解脱?作意无常而胜解为多者,证得无相解脱。作意苦而轻安为多者,证得无愿解脱。作意无我而智为多者,证得空解脱。巴利
Aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo katamaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati? Dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo katamaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati? Anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo katamaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati? Aniccato manasikaronto adhimokkhabahulo animittaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Dukkhato manasikaronto passaddhibahulo appaṇihitaṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Anattato manasikaronto vedabahulo suññataṃ vimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati.
224 对于作意无常、以胜解为多者,何种解脱为增上?于修习中,有几种解脱为随顺?它们是俱生缘吗?是相互缘吗?是依止缘吗?是相应缘吗?是一味吗?依何义而名为修习?谁为修习者?对于作意苦、以轻安为多者,何种解脱为增上?于修习中,有几种解脱为随顺?它们是俱生缘吗?是相互缘吗?是依止缘吗?是相应缘吗?是一味吗?依何义而名为修习?谁为修习者?对于作意无我、以智为多者,何种解脱为增上?于修习中,有几种解脱为随顺?它们是俱生缘吗?是相互缘吗?是依止缘吗?是相应缘吗?是一味吗?依何义而名为修习?谁为修习者?巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, ko bhāveti? Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, ko bhāveti? Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti , sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, ko bhāveti?
225 对于作意无常、以胜解为多者,无相解脱为增上。于修习中,有两种解脱为随顺,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,亦是一味。以一味义,即是修习。正行道者为修习,邪行道者则无解脱之修习。对于作意苦、以轻安为多者,无愿解脱为增上。于修习中,有两种解脱为随顺,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,亦是一味。以一味义,即是修习。正行道者为修习,邪行道者则无解脱之修习。对于作意无我、以智为多者,空解脱为增上。于修习中,有两种解脱为随顺,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,亦是一味。以一味义,即是修习。正行道者为修习,邪行道者则无解脱之修习。巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa animitto vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti. Bhāvanāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Yo sammāpaṭipanno so bhāveti; natthi micchāpaṭipannassa vimokkhabhāvanā. Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa appaṇihito vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti. Bhāvanāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Yo sammāpaṭipanno so bhāveti; natthi micchāpaṭipannassa vimokkhabhāvanā. Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa suññato vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti. Bhāvanāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti. Ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Yo sammāpaṭipanno so bhāveti; natthi micchāpaṭipannassa vimokkhabhāvanā.
226 从无常作意、以信解为主者,何种解脱为其主导?于修习中,有多少解脱随之而生?他们是否为俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘、同一味?于通达时,何种解脱为其主导?为证通达,有多少解脱随之而生?他们是否为俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘、同一味?以何义故,说为修习?以何义故,说为通达?从苦作意、以轻安为主者,何种解脱为其主导?于修习中,有多少解脱随之而生?他们是否为俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘、同一味?于通达时,何种解脱为其主导?为证通达,有多少解脱随之而生?他们是否为俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘、同一味?以何义故,说为修习?以何义故,说为通达?从无我作意、以智为主者,何种解脱为其主导?于修习中,有多少解脱随之而生?他们是否为俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘、同一味?于通达时,何种解脱为其主导?为证通达,有多少解脱随之而生?他们是否为俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘、同一味?以何义故,说为修习?以何义故,说为通达?巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, paṭivedhakāle katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, paṭivedhāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, kenaṭṭhena paṭivedho? Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, paṭivedhakāle katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, paṭivedhāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, kenaṭṭhena paṭivedho? Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya kati vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, paṭivedhakāle katamo vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, paṭivedhāya kativimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti , nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, kenaṭṭhena bhāvanā, kenaṭṭhena paṭivedho?
对于从无常的角度作意、以信解为主者,无相解脱成为主导。于修习中,有两种解脱随顺于它,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,同一味。在通达之际,无相解脱也成为主导。为获通达,有两种解脱随顺于它,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,同一味。就同一味之义而言,这是修习;就见之义而言,这是通达。如是,他既在通达中修习,又在修习中通达。对于从苦的角度作意、以轻安为主者,无愿解脱成为主导。于修习中,有两种解脱随顺于它,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,同一味。在通达之际,无愿解脱也成为主导。为获通达,有两种解脱随顺于它,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,同一味。就同一味之义而言,这是修习;就见之义而言,这是通达。如是,他既在通达中修习,又在修习中通达。对于从无我的角度作意、以智为主者,空解脱成为主导。于修习中,有两种解脱随顺于它,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,同一味。在通达之际,空解脱也成为主导。为获通达,有两种解脱随顺于它,它们是俱生缘、相互缘、依止缘、相应缘,同一味。就同一味之义而言,这是修习;就见之义而言,这是通达。如是,他既在通达中修习,又在修习中通达。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto adhimokkhabahulassa animitto vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, paṭivedhakālepi animitto vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, paṭivedhāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā, dassanaṭṭhena paṭivedho, evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhati. Dukkhato manasikaroto passaddhibahulassa appaṇihito vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, paṭivedhakālepi appaṇihito vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, paṭivedhāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā, dassanaṭṭhena paṭivedho, evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhati. Anattato manasikaroto vedabahulassa suññato vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, bhāvanāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, paṭivedhakālepi suññato vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, paṭivedhāya dve vimokkhā tadanvayā honti, sahajātapaccayā honti, aññamaññapaccayā honti, nissayapaccayā honti, sampayuttapaccayā honti, ekarasā honti, ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā, dassanaṭṭhena paṭivedho, evaṃ paṭivijjhantopi bhāveti, bhāventopi paṭivijjhati.
226 对于作意无常者,何种解脱最为殊胜?由于何种解脱的殊胜,而成为信解脱者?对于作意苦者,何种解脱最为殊胜?由于何种解脱的殊胜,而成为身证者?对于作意无我者,何种解脱最为殊胜?由于何种解脱的殊胜,而成为见至者?巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto katamo vimokkho adhimatto hoti? Katamavimokkhassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti ? Dukkhato manasikaroto katamo vimokkho adhimatto hoti? Katamavimokkhassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti? Anattato manasikaroto katamo vimokkho adhimatto hoti? Katamavimokkhassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti?
常作意无常者,无相解脱便增强有力;由无相解脱增强有力故,他成为信解脱者。常作意苦者,无愿解脱便增强有力;由无愿解脱增强有力故,他成为身证者。常作意无我者,空解脱便增强有力;由空解脱增强有力故,他成为见至者。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto animitto vimokkho adhimatto hoti. Animittavimokkhassa adhimattattā saddhāvimutto hoti. Dukkhato manasikaroto appaṇihito vimokkho adhimatto hoti. Appaṇihitavimokkhassa adhimattattā kāyasakkhī hoti. Anattato manasikaroto suññato vimokkho adhimatto hoti. Suññatavimokkhassa adhimattattā diṭṭhippatto hoti.
因信而解脱,故称“信解脱者”。因为触证之后而证得,故称“身证者”。因为见到之后而到达,故称“见至者”。由信而解脱,就是“信解脱者”。他先触证禅那之触,而后体证灭尽涅槃,故称“身证者”。“诸行是苦,寂灭是乐”——此已被了知、被照见、被识知、被体证、被触证,以智慧通达,故称“见至者”。……凡是已修习、正修习或当修习出离的人……他们全都是:依无相解脱之力而成为信解脱者,依无愿解脱之力而成为身证者,依空解脱之力而成为见至者。巴利
Saddahanto vimuttoti – saddhāvimutto. Phuṭṭhattā sacchikatoti – kāyasakkhī. Diṭṭhattā pattoti – diṭṭhippatto. Saddahanto vimuccatīti – saddhāvimutto. Jhānaphassaṃ paṭhamaṃ phusati, pacchā nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti – kāyasakkhī. ‘‘Dukkhā saṅkhārā, sukho nirodho’’ti viññātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ viditaṃ sacchikataṃ phassitaṃ paññāyāti – diṭṭhippatto…pe… ye hi keci nekkhammaṃ bhāvitā vā bhāventi vā bhāvissanti vā…pe… sabbe te animittavimokkhassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena kāyasakkhī, suññatavimokkhassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
凡是那些修习无嗔……修习光明想……修习不散乱的人,凡是那些遍知苦、断除集、体证灭、修习道的人,他们全部是:依无相解脱之力而为信解脱者,依无愿解脱之力而为身证者,依空解脱之力而为见至者。巴利
Ye hi keci abyāpādaṃ… ālokasaññaṃ… avikkhepaṃ… ye hi keci dukkhaṃ parijānanti, samudayaṃ pajahanti, nirodhaṃ sacchikaronti, maggaṃ bhāventi, sabbe te animittavimokkhassa vasena saddhāvimuttā, appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena kāyasakkhī, suññatavimokkhassa vasena diṭṭhippattā.
有几种方式证悟诸谛?以几种方式证悟诸谛?有四种方式证悟诸谛。以四种方式证悟诸谛:以遍知证悟苦谛,以断除证悟集谛,以作证证悟灭谛,以修习证悟道谛。以此四种方式而有对谛的证悟。以此四种方式证悟诸谛者,依无相解脱而为信解脱者,依无愿解脱而为身证者,依空解脱而为见至者。巴利
Katihākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti? Katihākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati? Catūhākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Catūhākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati. Dukkhasaccaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati, samudayasaccaṃ pahānapaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati. Nirodhasaccaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati. Maggasaccaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati. Imehi catūhākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Imehi catūhākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhanto animittavimokkhassa vasena saddhāvimutto, appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena kāyasakkhī, suññatavimokkhassa vasena diṭṭhippatto.
诸谛的证悟有几种方式?以几种方式证悟诸谛?诸谛的证悟有九种方式。以九种方式证悟诸谛。以遍知证悟苦谛……(中略)……以作证证悟灭谛。以这九种方式而有诸谛的证悟。以这九种方式证悟诸谛者,依无相解脱力而成为信解脱者,依无愿解脱力而成为身证者,依空解脱力而成为见至者。巴利
Katihākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti? Katihākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati? Navahākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Navahākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhati. Dukkhasaccaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhaṃ paṭivijjhati…pe… sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho ca nirodhassa. Imehi navahākārehi saccappaṭivedho hoti. Imehi navahākārehi saccāni paṭivijjhanto animittavimokkhassa vasena saddhāvimutto, appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena kāyasakkhī, suññatavimokkhassa vasena diṭṭhippatto.
227 作意无常者,如实知见哪些法?如何是正见?如何由此随顺,令一切行从无常面悉得善观?于何处断疑?作意苦者,如实知见哪些法?如何是正见?如何由此随顺,令一切行从苦面悉得善观?于何处断疑?作意无我者,如实知见哪些法?如何是正见?如何由此随顺,令一切法从无我面悉得善观?于何处断疑?巴利 注疏 1
Aniccato manasikaronto katame dhamme yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati? Kathaṃ sammādassanaṃ hoti? Kathaṃ tadanvayena sabbe saṅkhārā aniccato sudiṭṭhā honti? Kattha kaṅkhā pahīyati? Dukkhato manasikaronto katame dhamme yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati? Kathaṃ sammādassanaṃ hoti? Kathaṃ tadanvayena sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhato sudiṭṭhā honti? Kattha kaṅkhā pahīyati? Anattato manasikaronto katame dhamme yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati? Kathaṃ sammādassanaṃ hoti? Kathaṃ tadanvayena sabbe dhammā anattato sudiṭṭhā honti? Kattha kaṅkhā pahīyati?
以无常作意者,如实知见相;是故说为正见。由此随顺,一切行从无常方面得以善观,疑惑于此断除。以苦作意者,如实知见转起;是故说为正见。由此随顺,一切行从苦方面得以善观,疑惑于此断除。以无我作意者,如实知见相与转起;是故说为正见。由此随顺,一切法从无我方面得以善观,疑惑于此断除。巴利
Aniccato manasikaronto nimittaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; tena vuccati – sammādassanaṃ. Evaṃ tadanvayena sabbe saṅkhārā aniccato sudiṭṭhā honti. Ettha kaṅkhā pahīyati. Dukkhato manasikaronto pavattaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; tena vuccati – sammādassanaṃ. Evaṃ tadanvayena sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhato sudiṭṭhā honti. Ettha kaṅkhā pahīyati. Anattato manasikaronto nimittañca pavattañca yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passati; tena vuccati – sammādassanaṃ. Evaṃ tadanvayena sabbe dhammā anattato sudiṭṭhā honti. Ettha kaṅkhā pahīyati.
如实智、正见与度越疑惑:这些法是义异文亦异,还是义同而文异?如实智、正见与度越疑惑:这些法义同而文异。巴利
Yañca yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ yañca sammādassanaṃ yā ca kaṅkhāvitaraṇā, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nānanti? Yañca yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ yañca sammādassanaṃ yā ca kaṅkhāvitaraṇā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.
以无常作意者,何者现为可怖?以苦作意者,何者现为可怖?以无我作意者,何者现为可怖?以无常作意者,相现为可怖。以苦作意者,转起现为可怖。以无我作意者,相与转起现为可怖。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto kiṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti? Dukkhato manasikaroto kiṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti? Anattato manasikaroto kiṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti? Aniccato manasikaroto nimittaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti . Dukkhato manasikaroto pavattaṃ bhayato upaṭṭhāti. Anattato manasikaroto nimittañca pavattañca bhayato upaṭṭhāti.
于怖畏现起中的慧、过患智与厌离——这些法是义异而名异,还是义同而名异呢?于怖畏现起中的慧、过患智与厌离,这些法义同而名异。巴利
Yā ca bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā yañca ādīnave ñāṇaṃ yā ca nibbidā, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nānanti? Yā ca bhayatupaṭṭhāne paññā yañca ādīnave ñāṇaṃ yā ca nibbidā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.
无我随观与空随观——这些法是义异而名异,还是义同而名异呢?无我随观与空随观,这些法义同而名异。巴利
Yā ca anattānupassanā yā ca suññatānupassanā, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nānanti? Yā ca anattānupassanā yā ca suññatānupassanā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.
作意无常者,生起对何者的思择智?作意苦者,生起对何者的思择智?作意无我者,生起对何者的思择智?作意无常者,生起对相的思择智;作意苦者,生起对转起的思择智;作意无我者,生起对相与转起的思择智。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto kiṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati? Dukkhato manasikaroto kiṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati? Anattato manasikaroto kiṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati? Aniccato manasikaroto nimittaṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Dukkhato manasikaroto pavattaṃ paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Anattato manasikaroto nimittañca pavattañca paṭisaṅkhā ñāṇaṃ uppajjati.
欲解脱、思择随观与行舍——这些法是义异而言异,还是义同而言异?欲解脱、思择随观与行舍,这些法义同而言异。巴利
Yā ca muccitukamyatā yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nānanti? Yā ca muccitukamyatā yā ca paṭisaṅkhānupassanā yā ca saṅkhārupekkhā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.
作意无常者,心从何处出离,投入何处?作意苦者,心从何处出离,投入何处?作意无我者,心从何处出离,投入何处?作意无常者,心从相出离,投入无相。作意苦者,心从转起出离,投入无转起。作意无我者,心从相与转起出离,投入无相、无转起的寂灭涅槃界。巴利
Aniccato manasikaroto kuto cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti, kattha cittaṃ pakkhandati? Dukkhato manasikaroto kuto cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti, kattha cittaṃ pakkhandati? Anattato manasikaroto kuto cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti, kattha cittaṃ pakkhandati? Aniccato manasikaroto nimittā cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti, animitte cittaṃ pakkhandati. Dukkhato manasikaroto pavattā cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti, appavatte cittaṃ pakkhandati. Anattato manasikaroto nimittā ca pavattā ca cittaṃ vuṭṭhāti, animitte appavatte nirodhe nibbānadhātuyā cittaṃ pakkhandati.
向外出离与回转之慧与种姓法——这些法是义异而言异,还是义同而言异?向外出离与回转之慧与种姓法,这些法义同而言异。巴利
Yā ca bahiddhāvuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā ye ca gotrabhū dhammā, ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nānanti? Yā ca bahiddhāvuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā ye ca gotrabhū dhammā, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.
作意无常者,由何种解脱而得解脱?作意苦者,由何种解脱而得解脱?作意无我者,由何种解脱而得解脱?作意无常者,由无相解脱而得解脱。作意苦者,由无愿解脱而得解脱。作意无我者,由空解脱而得解脱。复次,那在双面转起与退转中的慧,以及那道中的智——这些法是意义不同、文句亦异,还是意义相同,唯文句有别?那在双面转起与退转中的慧,以及那道中的智——这些法意义相同,唯文句有别。巴利
Aniccato manasikaronto katamena vimokkhena vimuccati? Dukkhato manasikaronto katamena vimokkhena vimuccati? Anattato manasikaronto katamena vimokkhena vimuccati? Aniccato manasikaronto animittavimokkhena vimuccati. Dukkhato manasikaronto appaṇihitavimokkhena vimuccati. Anattato manasikaronto suññatavimokkhena vimuccati. Yā ca dubhatovuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā yañca magge ñāṇaṃ , ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca, udāhu ekatthā, byañjanameva nānanti? Yā ca dubhatovuṭṭhānavivaṭṭane paññā yañca magge ñāṇaṃ, ime dhammā ekatthā, byañjanameva nānaṃ.
228 三种解脱于几种方式中为不同剎那?三种解脱于几种方式中为同一剎那?以四种方式,三种解脱为不同剎那。以七种方式,三种解脱为同一剎那。巴利 注疏 1
Katihākārehi tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti? Katihākārehi tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti? Catūhākārehi tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti. Sattahākārehi tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti.
以哪四种方式,三种解脱为不同剎那?以增上义、以住定义、以引向义、以出离义。如何以增上义,三种解脱为不同剎那?当作意无常时,无相解脱成为增上;当作意苦时,无愿解脱成为增上;当作意无我时,空解脱成为增上。这便是如何以增上义,三种解脱为不同剎那。巴利
Katamehi catūhākārehi tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti? Ādhipateyyaṭṭhena, adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena, abhinīhāraṭṭhena, niyyānaṭṭhena. Kathaṃ ādhipateyyaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti? Aniccato manasikaroto animitto vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, dukkhato manasikaroto appaṇihito vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti, anattato manasikaroto suññato vimokkho ādhipateyyo hoti. Evaṃ ādhipateyyaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti.
如何以安住之义,三种解脱是不同刹那的?作意无常者,依无相解脱之力而安住其心;作意苦者,依无愿解脱之力而安住其心;作意无我者,依空解脱之力而安住其心。这便是以安住之义,三种解脱是不同刹那的。巴利
Kathaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti? Aniccato manasikaronto animittavimokkhassa vasena cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, dukkhato manasikaronto appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti, anattato manasikaronto suññatavimokkhassa vasena cittaṃ adhiṭṭhāti. Evaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti.
如何以引导之义,三种解脱是不同刹那的?作意无常者,依无相解脱之力而引导其心;作意苦者,依无愿解脱之力而引导其心;作意无我者,依空解脱之力而引导其心。这便是以引导之义,三种解脱是不同刹那的。巴利
Kathaṃ abhinīhāraṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti? Aniccato manasikaronto animittavimokkhassa vasena cittaṃ abhinīharati, dukkhato manasikaronto appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena cittaṃ abhinīharati, anattato manasikaronto suññatavimokkhassa vasena cittaṃ abhinīharati. Evaṃ abhinīhāraṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti.
如何以出离之义,三种解脱是不同刹那的?作意无常者,依无相解脱之力而出离灭与涅槃;作意苦者,依无愿解脱之力而出离灭与涅槃;作意无我者,依空解脱之力而出离灭与涅槃。这便是以出离之义,三种解脱是不同刹那的。依此四种情况,三种解脱是不同刹那的。巴利
Kathaṃ niyyānaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti? Aniccato manasikaronto animittavimokkhassa vasena nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ niyyāti, dukkhato manasikaronto appaṇihitavimokkhassa vasena nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ niyyāti, anattato manasikaronto suññatavimokkhassa vasena nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ niyyāti. Evaṃ niyyānaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti. Imehi catūhākārehi tayo vimokkhā nānākkhaṇe honti.
依哪七种方式,三种解脱能于同一刹那生起?以和合之义、证得之义、获得之义、通达之义、作证之义、触证之义、现观之义。如何以和合之义、证得之义、获得之义、通达之义、作证之义、触证之义、现观之义,令三种解脱于同一刹那生起?当以无常作意时,即从相中解脱,此为无相解脱。既从彼解脱,便于彼处不生愿求,此为无愿解脱。于彼不生愿求者便是空,此为空解脱。以空故,彼相即为无相,此为无相解脱。如是,以和合之义、证得之义、获得之义、通达之义、作证之义、触证之义、现观之义,三种解脱于同一刹那生起。巴利
Katamehi sattahākārehi tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti ? Samodhānaṭṭhena, adhigamanaṭṭhena, paṭilābhaṭṭhena paṭivedhaṭṭhena, sacchikiriyaṭṭhena, phassanaṭṭhena, abhisamayaṭṭhena. Kathaṃ samodhānaṭṭhena adhigamanaṭṭhena paṭilābhaṭṭhena paṭivedhaṭṭhena sacchikiriyaṭṭhena phassanaṭṭhena abhisamayaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti? Aniccato manasikaronto nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Yato muccati, tattha na paṇidahatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Yattha na paṇidahati, tena suññoti – suññato vimokkho. Yena suñño, tena nimittena animittoti – animitto vimokkho. Evaṃ samodhānaṭṭhena adhigamanaṭṭhena paṭilābhaṭṭhena paṭivedhaṭṭhena sacchikiriyaṭṭhena phassanaṭṭhena abhisamayaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti.
当以苦作意时,即从愿求中解脱,此为无愿解脱。于彼不生愿求者便是空,此为空解脱。以空故,彼相即为无相,此为无相解脱。以相无相故,便于彼处不生愿求,此为无愿解脱。如是,以和合之义、证得之义、获得之义、通达之义、作证之义、触证之义、现观之义,三种解脱于同一刹那生起。巴利
Dukkhato manasikaronto paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Yattha na paṇidahati, tena suññoti – suññato vimokkho. Yena suñño, tena nimittena animittoti – animitto vimokkho. Yena nimittena animitto, tattha na paṇidahatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Evaṃ samodhānaṭṭhena adhigamanaṭṭhena paṭilābhaṭṭhena paṭivedhaṭṭhena sacchikiriyaṭṭhena phassanaṭṭhena abhisamayaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti.
当以无我作意时,即从执著中解脱,此为空解脱。以空故,彼相即为无相,此为无相解脱。以相无相故,便于彼处不生愿求,此为无愿解脱。以不生愿求故,彼即是空,此为空解脱。如是,以和合之义、证得之义、获得之义、通达之义、作证之义、触证之义、现观之义,三种解脱于同一刹那生起。巴利
Anattato manasikaronto abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Yena suñño, tena nimittena animittoti – animitto vimokkho. Yena nimittena animitto, tattha na paṇidahatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Yattha na paṇidahati, tena suññoti – suññato vimokkho. Evaṃ samodhānaṭṭhena adhigamanaṭṭhena paṭilābhaṭṭhena paṭivedhaṭṭhena sacchikiriyaṭṭhena phassanaṭṭhena abhisamayaṭṭhena tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti. Imehi sattahākārehi tayo vimokkhā ekakkhaṇe honti.
229 有解脱,有门,有解脱门,有解脱的对治法,有解脱的随顺,有解脱的回转,有解脱的修习,有解脱的止息。巴利 注疏 1
Atthi vimokkho, atthi mukhaṃ, atthi vimokkhamukhaṃ, atthi vimokkhapaccanīkaṃ, atthi vimokkhānulomaṃ, atthi vimokkhavivaṭṭo, atthi vimokkhabhāvanā, atthi vimokkhappaṭippassaddhi.
云何为空解脱、无相解脱、无愿解脱?云何为空解脱?无常随观智,从对常的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。苦随观智,从对乐的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。无我随观智,从对我的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。厌离随观智,从对喜好的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。离欲随观智,从对欲的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。灭尽随观智,从对集的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。弃舍随观智,从对执取的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。无相随观智,从对相的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。无愿随观智,从对愿求的执著中解脱,是名空解脱。空随观智,从一切执著中解脱,是名空解脱。巴利
Katamo vimokkho? Suññato vimokkho, animitto vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkho. Katamo suññato vimokkho? Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ nandiyā abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ rāgato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ samudayato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ ādānato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ nimittato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbābhinivesehi muccatīti – suññato vimokkho.
于色,以无常随观智,从对常的执著中解脱,是名空解脱……(中略)……于色,以空随观智,从一切执著中解脱,是名空解脱。于受……于想……于诸行……于识……于眼处……(中略)……于老死,以无常随观智,从对常的执著中解脱,是名空解脱……(中略)……于老死,以空随观智,从一切执著中解脱,是名空解脱。是名空解脱。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho…pe… rūpe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbābhinivesehi muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato abhinivesā muccatīti – suññato vimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbābhinivesehi muccatīti – suññato vimokkho. Ayaṃ suññato vimokkho.
什么是无相解脱?无常随观智从常相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。苦随观智从乐相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。无我随观智从我相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。厌离随观智从欢喜相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。离欲随观智从贪欲相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。灭随观智从集相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。弃舍随观智从执取相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。无相随观智从一切相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。无愿随观智从愿求相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。空随观智从执著相中解脱——这就是无相解脱。巴利
Katamo animitto vimokkho? Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ nandiyā nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ rāgato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ samudayato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ ādānato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbanimittehi muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho.
于色,无常随观智从常相中解脱——这是无相解脱。……于色,无相随观智从一切相中解脱——这是无相解脱。于色,无愿随观智从愿求相中解脱——这是无相解脱。于色,空随观智从执著相中解脱——这是无相解脱。于受……于想……于行……于识……于眼……乃至于老死,无常随观智从常相中解脱——这是无相解脱。……于老死,无相随观智从一切相中解脱——这是无相解脱。于老死,无愿随观智从愿求相中解脱——这是无相解脱。于老死,空随观智从执著相中解脱——这是无相解脱。这就是无相解脱。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho …pe… rūpe animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbanimittehi muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Rūpe appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Rūpe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbanimittehi muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Jarāmaraṇe appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ paṇidhiyā nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato nimittā muccatīti – animitto vimokkho. Ayaṃ animitto vimokkho.
什么是无愿解脱?无常随观智从于常的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。苦随观智从于乐的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。无我随观智从于我的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。厌离随观智从于欢喜的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。离欲随观智从于贪欲的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。灭随观智从于集起的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。弃舍随观智从于执取的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。无相随观智从于相的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。无愿随观智从一切愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。空随观智从于执著的愿求中解脱——这就是无愿解脱。巴利
Katamo appaṇihito vimokkho? Aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Dukkhānupassanāñāṇaṃ sukhato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Anattānupassanāñāṇaṃ attato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Nibbidānupassanāñāṇaṃ nandiyā paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Virāgānupassanāñāṇaṃ rāgato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Nirodhānupassanāñāṇaṃ samudayato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Paṭinissaggānupassanāñāṇaṃ ādānato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Animittānupassanāñāṇaṃ nimittato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbapaṇidhīhi muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho.
于色,以无常随观智,从‘执为常’的愿求中解脱——此是无愿解脱。……于色,以无愿随观智,从一切愿求中解脱——此是无愿解脱。于色,以空随观智,从‘依执著’的愿求中解脱——此是无愿解脱。于受……于想……于行……于识……于眼……乃至于老死,以无常随观智,从‘执为常’的愿求中解脱——此是无愿解脱。……于老死,以无愿随观智,从一切愿求中解脱——此是无愿解脱。于老死,以空随观智,从‘依执著’的愿求中解脱——此是无愿解脱。这就是无愿解脱。这就是解脱。巴利
Rūpe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho…pe… rūpe appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbapaṇidhīhi muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Rūpe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Vedanāya…pe… saññāya… saṅkhāresu… viññāṇe… cakkhusmiṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇe aniccānupassanāñāṇaṃ niccato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho…pe… jarāmaraṇe appaṇihitānupassanāñāṇaṃ sabbapaṇidhīhi muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Jarāmaraṇe suññatānupassanāñāṇaṃ abhinivesato paṇidhiyā muccatīti – appaṇihito vimokkho. Ayaṃ appaṇihito vimokkho. Ayaṃ vimokkho.
230 何谓‘门’?于彼处所生、无有过失、善的菩提分法,这便是门。巴利 注疏 1
Katamaṃ mukhaṃ? Ye tattha jātā anavajjā kusalā bodhipakkhiyādhammā, idaṃ mukhaṃ.
何谓‘解脱门’?以那些法的所缘——灭、涅槃——为门,这便是解脱门。‘解脱’与‘门’合称为解脱门;这便是解脱门。巴利
Katamaṃ vimokkhamukhaṃ? Yaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ nirodho nibbānaṃ, idaṃ vimokkhamukhaṃ. Vimokkhañca mukhañca vimokkhamukhaṃ, idaṃ vimokkhamukhaṃ.
何谓解脱的违逆?三不善根是解脱的违逆,三恶行是解脱的违逆,一切不善法皆是解脱的违逆——此即解脱的违逆。巴利
Katamaṃ vimokkhapaccanīkaṃ? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni vimokkhapaccanīkāni, tīṇi duccaritāni vimokkhapaccanīkāni, sabbepi akusalā dhammā vimokkhapaccanīkā, idaṃ vimokkhapaccanīkaṃ.
何谓与解脱随顺?三善根与解脱随顺,三善行与解脱随顺,一切善法皆与解脱随顺——此即与解脱随顺。巴利
Katamaṃ vimokkhānulomaṃ? Tīṇi kusalamūlāni vimokkhānulomāni, tīṇi sucaritāni vimokkhānulomāni, sabbepi kusalā dhammā vimokkhānulomā, idaṃ vimokkhānulomaṃ.
何谓想回转、思回转、心回转、智回转、解脱回转、谛回转?当认知时回转,是名想回转。当意向时回转,是名思回转。当识知时回转,是名心回转。当造作智时回转,是名智回转。当放下时回转,是名解脱回转。依真实义而回转,是名谛回转。巴利
Katamo vimokkhavivaṭṭo? Saññāvivaṭṭo, cetovivaṭṭo, cittavivaṭṭo, ñāṇavivaṭṭo, vimokkhavivaṭṭo, saccavivaṭṭo. Sañjānanto vivaṭṭatīti – saññāvivaṭṭo. Cetayanto vivaṭṭatīti – cetovivaṭṭo. Vijānanto vivaṭṭatīti – cittavivaṭṭo. Ñāṇaṃ karonto vivaṭṭatīti – ñāṇavivaṭṭo. Vosajjanto vivaṭṭatīti – vimokkhavivaṭṭo. Tathaṭṭhena vivaṭṭatīti – saccavivaṭṭo.
凡想回转之处,则有思回转;凡思回转之处,则有想回转。凡想回转与思回转之处,则有心回转;凡心回转之处,则有想回转与思回转。凡想回转、思回转与心回转之处,则有智回转;凡智回转之处,则有想回转、思回转与心回转。凡想回转、思回转、心回转与智回转之处,则有解脱回转;凡解脱回转之处,则有想回转、思回转、心回转与智回转。凡想回转、思回转、心回转、智回转与解脱回转之处,则有谛回转;凡谛回转之处,则有想回转、思回转、心回转、智回转与解脱回转。这就是解脱回转。巴利
Yattha saññāvivaṭṭo tattha cetovivaṭṭo, yattha cetovivaṭṭo tattha saññāvivaṭṭo, yattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo tattha cittavivaṭṭo, yattha cittavivaṭṭo tattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo. Yattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo cittavivaṭṭo tattha ñāṇavivaṭṭo, yattha ñāṇavivaṭṭo tattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo cittavivaṭṭo. Yattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo cittavivaṭṭo ñāṇavivaṭṭo tattha vimokkhavivaṭṭo, yattha vimokkhavivaṭṭo tattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo cittavivaṭṭo ñāṇavivaṭṭo. Yattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo cittavivaṭṭo ñāṇavivaṭṭo vimokkhavivaṭṭo tattha saccavivaṭṭo, yattha saccavivaṭṭo tattha saññāvivaṭṭo cetovivaṭṭo cittavivaṭṭo ñāṇavivaṭṭo vimokkhavivaṭṭo. Ayaṃ vimokkhavivaṭṭo.
何者是解脱的修习?即初禅的修习、培育与多作,第二禅的修习、培育与多作,第三禅的修习、培育与多作,第四禅的修习、培育与多作,空无边处定的修习、培育与多作,识无边处定的修习、培育与多作,无所有处定的修习、培育与多作,非想非非想处定的修习、培育与多作,入流道的修习、培育与多作,一来道的修习、培育与多作,不来道的修习、培育与多作,阿拉汉道的修习、培育与多作——这就是解脱的修习。巴利
Katamā vimokkhabhāvanā? Paṭhamassa jhānassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, dutiyassa jhānassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, tatiyassa jhānassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, catutthassa jhānassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā…pe… ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, sotāpattimaggassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, sakadāgāmimaggassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, anāgāmimaggassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, arahattamaggassa āsevanā bhāvanā bahulīkammaṃ, ayaṃ vimokkhabhāvanā.
什么是初禅、第二禅、第三禅、第四禅、空无边处定、识无边处定、无所有处定、非想非非想处定的获得或果报,以及入流道的入流果、一来道的一来果、不来道的不来果、阿拉汉道的阿拉汉果?——这就是解脱的轻安。巴利
Katamā vimokkhappaṭippassaddhi? Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭilābho vā vipāko vā, dutiyassa jhānassa paṭilābho vā vipāko vā, tatiyassa jhānassa…pe… catutthassa jhānassa… ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā… viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā… ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā paṭilābho vā vipāko vā, sotāpattimaggassa sotāpattiphalaṃ, sakadāgāmimaggassa sakadāgāmiphalaṃ, anāgāmimaggassa anāgāmiphalaṃ, arahattamaggassa arahattaphalaṃ, ayaṃ vimokkhappaṭippassaddhīti.
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