22舍卫城(Sāvatthī)因缘。诸比丘,犹如任何需要体力的劳作,都依止大地、立足于大地而得以进行;同样地,诸比丘,比丘依止戒、立足于戒,修习圣八支道,多修圣八支道。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ye keci balakaraṇīyā kammantā karīyanti, sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya evamete balakaraṇīyā kammantā karīyanti, evamevaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāveti, ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaroti.
“诸比丘,比丘如何依止于戒、安住于戒,修习圣八支道,并多修圣八支道呢?诸比丘,于此,比丘修习正见,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭尽,导向舍离;修习正思惟……修习正语……修习正业……修习正命……修习正精进……修习正念……修习正定,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭尽,导向舍离。诸比丘,比丘正是如此依止于戒、安住于戒,修习圣八支道,并多修圣八支道。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāveti, ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Sammāsaṅkappaṃ…pe… sammāvācaṃ… sammākammantaṃ… sammāājīvaṃ… sammāvāyāmaṃ… sammāsatiṃ… sammāsamādhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāveti, ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaroti.
23“诸比丘,犹如一切种子与草木之类得以生长、增广、繁茂,皆依于大地、立足于大地,正是如此,这些种子与草木之类方得生长、增广、繁茂。同样地,诸比丘,比丘依于戒、立足于戒,修习圣八支道,多修圣八支道,便于诸法中获得生长、增广与繁茂。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci bījagāmabhūtagāmā vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti, sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya evamete bījagāmabhūtagāmā vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu.
“诸比丘,比丘如何依止戒、安住于戒,修习圣八支道、多修圣八支道,而令诸法增长、增广、圆满呢?诸比丘,于此,比丘修习正见,依止远离、依止离染、依止灭、趋向舍离;修习正思惟……(中略)……修习正语……修习正业……修习正命……修习正精进……修习正念……修习正定,依止远离、依止离染、依止灭、趋向舍离。诸比丘,比丘正是这样依于戒、立于戒,修习圣八支道、多修圣八支道,令诸法增长、增广、圆满。”
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Sammāsaṅkappaṃ bhāveti…pe… sammāvācaṃ bhāveti… sammākammantaṃ bhāveti… sammāājīvaṃ bhāveti… sammāvāyāmaṃ bhāveti… sammāsatiṃ bhāveti… sammāsamādhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesū’’ti.
1. 道支分别
1. Maggaṅganiddeso
24正见具备五种远离、五种离染、五种灭、五种舍、十二种依止。正思惟……正语……正业……正命……正精进……正念……正定同样具备五种远离、五种离染、五种灭、五种舍、十二种依止。
Sammādiṭṭhiyā pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā. Sammāsaṅkappassa…pe… sammāvācāya… sammākammantassa… sammāājīvassa… sammāvāyāmassa… sammāsatiyā… sammāsamādhissa pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā.
25有五种远离:镇伏远离、彼分远离、断除远离、安息远离、出离远离。修习初禅者,于诸盖为镇伏远离;修习导向通达之定者,于诸邪见为彼分远离;修习导向灭尽的出世间道者,为断除远离;在证果的刹那,为安息远离;而灭、涅槃,则为出离远离。这便是正见的五种远离。对于这五种远离,他生起意欲,坚定信心,心善安住于其中。
Vikkhambhanaviveko, tadaṅgaviveko samucchedaviveko, paṭippassaddhiviveko, nissaraṇaviveko. Vikkhambhanaviveko ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato , tadaṅgaviveko ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedaviveko ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhiviveko ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇaviveko ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiyā ime pañca vivekā. Imesu pañcasu vivekesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ.
有五种离染:镇伏离染、彼分离染、断除离染、安息离染、出离离染。修习初禅者,于诸盖为镇伏离染;修习导向通达之定者,于诸邪见为彼分离染;修习导向灭尽的出世间道者,为断除离染;在证果的刹那,为安息离染;而灭、涅槃,则为出离离染。这便是正见的五种离染。对于这五种离染,他生起意欲,坚定信心,心善安住于其中。
Vikkhambhanavirāgo, tadaṅgavirāgo, samucchedavirāgo, paṭippassaddhivirāgo, nissaraṇavirāgo. Vikkhambhanavirāgo ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅgavirāgo ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedavirāgo ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhivirāgo ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇavirāgo ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiyā ime pañca virāgā. Imesu pañcasu virāgesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ.
有五种灭:镇伏灭、彼分灭、断除灭、安息灭、出离灭。修习初禅者,于诸盖为镇伏灭;修习导向通达之定者,于诸邪见为彼分灭;修习导向灭尽的出世间道者,为断除灭;在证果的刹那,为安息灭;而无死界,则为出离灭。这便是正见的五种灭。对于这五种灭,他生起意欲,坚定信心,心善安住于其中。
Vikkhambhananirodho, tadaṅganirodho, samucchedanirodho, paṭippassaddhinirodho, nissaraṇanirodho. Vikkhambhananirodho ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅganirodho ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedanirodho ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhinirodho ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇanirodho ca amatā dhātu. Sammādiṭṭhiyā ime pañca nirodhā. Imesu pañcasu nirodhesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ.
舍有五种:镇伏舍、彼分舍、断除舍、安息舍、出离舍。修习初禅者,能镇伏诸盖,此为镇伏舍;修习导向通达之定者,能舍断诸邪见,此为彼分舍;修习导向灭尽的出世间道者,得断除舍;于证果刹那,得安息舍;而灭尽、涅槃,则是出离舍。这些是正见的五种舍。他于此五种舍生起意欲、以信胜解,心善安立。正见有此五种远离、五种离染、五种灭、五种舍、十二种依止。
Vikkhambhanavossaggo, tadaṅgavossaggo, samucchedavossaggo, paṭippassaddhivossaggo, nissaraṇavossaggo. Vikkhambhanavossaggo ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅgavossaggo ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedavossaggo ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhivossaggo ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇavossaggo ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiyā ime pañca vossaggā. Imesu pañcasu vossaggesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ. Sammādiṭṭhiyā ime pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā.
有五种远离:镇伏远离、彼分远离、正断远离、安息远离、出离远离。修习初禅者,能镇伏诸盖,是为镇伏远离;修习能通达诸见的破灭分定者,是为彼分远离;修习趋向灭尽的出世间道者,是为正断远离;于证果刹那,是为安息远离;而灭尽、涅槃,则是出离远离。这五种远离属于正定。于这五种远离中,他生起意欲,于信决意,其心坚固安立。
Vikkhambhanaviveko, tadaṅgaviveko, samucchedaviveko, paṭippassaddhiviveko, nissaraṇaviveko. Vikkhambhanaviveko ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅgaviveko ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedaviveko ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhiviveko ca phalakkhaṇe nissaraṇaviveko ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Sammāsamādhissa ime pañca vivekā. Imesu pañcasu vivekesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ.
离染有五种:镇伏离染、彼分离染、正断离染、安息离染、出离离染。修习初禅者,能镇伏诸盖,此是镇伏离染;修习能通达诸见、属于破灭分之定者,能舍断诸邪见,此是彼分离染;修习趋向灭尽的出世间道者,能正断烦恼,此是正断离染;在证果刹那,能安息诸行,此是安息离染;而灭尽、涅槃,则是出离离染。这五种离染属于正定。于此五种离染中,他生起意欲,以信胜解,其心善安立。
Vikkhambhanavirāgo, tadaṅgavirāgo, samucchedavirāgo , paṭippassaddhivirāgo, nissaraṇavirāgo. Vikkhambhanavirāgo ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅgavirāgo ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedavirāgo ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhivirāgo ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇavirāgo ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Sammāsamādhissa ime pañca virāgā. Imesu pañcasu virāgesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ.
有五种灭:镇伏灭、彼分灭、正断灭、安息灭、出离灭。修习初禅者,那是对诸盖的镇伏灭;修习能通达诸见、属于破灭分之定者,那是彼分灭;修习趋向灭尽的出世间道者,那是正断灭;在证果的刹那,那是安息灭;而不死界,则是出离灭。这五种灭属于正定。在这五种灭中,他生起意欲,以信胜解,其心善安立。
Vikkhambhananirodho , tadaṅganirodho, samucchedanirodho, paṭippassaddhinirodho, nissaraṇanirodho. Vikkhambhananirodho ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅganirodho ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedanirodho ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhinirodho ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇanirodho ca amatā dhātu. Sammāsamādhissa ime pañca nirodhā. Imesu pañcasu nirodhesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ.
有五种放弃:镇伏放弃、彼分放弃、正断放弃、安息放弃、出离放弃。修习初禅者,那是对诸盖的镇伏放弃;修习能通达诸见、属于破灭分之定者,那是彼分放弃;修习趋向灭尽的出世间道者,那是正断放弃;在证果的刹那,那是安息放弃;而灭尽、涅槃,则是出离放弃。这五种放弃属于正定。在这五种放弃中,他生起意欲,胜解于信,其心善为安立。正定具备这五种远离、五种离染、五种灭、五种放弃、十二种依止。
Vikkhambhanavossaggo, tadaṅgavossaggo, samucchedavossaggo, paṭippassaddhivossaggo, nissaraṇavossaggo. Vikkhambhanavossaggo ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅgavossaggo ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedavossaggo ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhivossaggo ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇavossaggo ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Sammāsamādhissa ime pañca vossaggā. Imesu pañcasu vossaggesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ. Sammāsamādhissa ime pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā.
26“诸比丘,犹如所有需要力气的劳作,皆是依于大地、立于大地,方能完成;同样地,诸比丘,比丘依于戒、立于戒,修习七觉支、多修习七觉支……当他修习、多修习七觉支时,便于诸法中得增长、增广、广大……他修习五力、多修习五力……当他修习、多修习五力时,便于诸法中得增长、增广、广大……他修习五根、多修习五根……
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci balakaraṇīyā kammantā karīyanti , sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya evamete balakaraṇīyā kammantā karīyanti; evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti…pe… satta bojjhaṅge bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu…pe… pañca balāni bhāveti, pañca balāni bahulīkaroti…pe… pañca balāni bhāvento pañca balāni bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu…pe… pañcindriyāni bhāveti, pañcindriyāni bahulīkaroti…pe….
“诸比丘,犹如一切种子与草木,其增长、增广与广大,皆依于地、立于地而得以成就;同样地,诸比丘,比丘依于戒、立于戒,修习五根、多修五根,当修习五根、多修五根时,便于诸法中获得了增长、增广与广大。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ye keci bījagāmabhūtagāmā vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti, sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya evamete bījagāmabhūtagāmā vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjanti, evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya pañcindriyāni bhāvento pañcindriyāni bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu.
“诸比丘,比丘如何依于戒、立足于戒,修习五根、多修五根,从而在诸法中获得生长、增广与繁茂呢?诸比丘,于此,比丘修习信根,它依于远离、依于离贪、依于灭尽,趣向于舍离。他修习精进根……(中略)……他修习念根……(中略)……他修习定根……(中略)……他修习慧根,它依于远离、依于离贪、依于灭尽,趣向于舍离。诸比丘,正是这样,比丘依于戒、立足于戒,……(中略)……在诸法中获得增长、增广与繁茂。”
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya pañcindriyāni bhāvento pañcindriyāni bahulīkaronto vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ pāpuṇāti dhammesu? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saddhindriyaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Vīriyindriyaṃ bhāveti…pe… satindriyaṃ bhāveti…pe… samādhindriyaṃ bhāveti…pe… paññindriyaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya…pe… pāpuṇāti dhammesū’’ti.
2. 根之分别
2. Indriyaniddeso
27信根有五种远离、五种离贪、五种灭尽、五种舍,以及十二种依止。精进根……(中略)……念根……定根……慧根同样有五种远离、五种离贪、五种灭尽、五种舍,以及十二种依止。
Saddhindriyassa pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā. Vīriyindriyassa…pe… satindriyassa… samādhindriyassa… paññindriyassa pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā.
远离有五种:镇伏远离、彼分远离、正断远离、安息远离、出离远离。修习初禅者,能镇伏诸盖,此为镇伏远离;修习能通达诸见、属于破灭分之定者,能舍断诸邪见,此为彼分远离;修习能尽灭烦恼的出世间道者,能正断烦恼,此为正断远离;在证果刹那,能安息诸行,此为安息远离;灭尽、涅槃,是出离远离。这些是信根的五种远离。他于此五种远离生起意欲、以信胜解,心善安住。……(中略)……这些是信根的五种远离、五种离贪、五种灭尽、五种舍、十二种依止。
Vikkhambhanaviveko, tadaṅgaviveko, samucchedaviveko, paṭippassaddhiviveko, nissaraṇaviveko. Vikkhambhanaviveko ca nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhāvayato, tadaṅgaviveko ca diṭṭhigatānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ bhāvayato, samucchedaviveko ca lokuttaraṃ khayagāmimaggaṃ bhāvayato, paṭippassaddhiviveko ca phalakkhaṇe, nissaraṇaviveko ca nirodho nibbānaṃ. Saddhindriyassa ime pañca vivekā. Imesu pañcasu vivekesu chandajāto hoti saddhādhimutto, cittañcassa svādhiṭṭhitaṃ…pe… saddhindriyassa ime pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā, pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayā.
精进根……(中略)……念根……(中略)……定根……慧根的五种远离是什么呢?即镇伏远离、彼分远离、正断远离、安息远离、出离远离……(中略)……这些便是慧根的五种远离、五种离贪、五种灭尽、五种舍,以及十二种依止。
Vīriyindriyassa…pe… satindriyassa…pe… samādhindriyassa… paññindriyassa katame pañca vivekā? Vikkhambhanaviveko, tadaṅgaviveko, samucchedaviveko, paṭippassaddhiviveko, nissaraṇaviveko…pe… paññindriyassa ime pañca vivekā, pañca virāgā, pañca nirodhā , pañca vossaggā, dvādasa nissayāti.