3. 三分之二羊毛学处
3. Dvebhāgasikkhāpadaṃ
4. 尼萨耆亚篇 · 14 段
552那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)祇树给孤独园。当时,六群比丘心想:“世尊禁止叫人做纯黑羊毛的垫子”,他们只取一点点白色在边上,照样叫人做纯黑羊毛的垫子。那些少欲比丘……非难、责备、呵斥说:“六群比丘怎么可以只取一点点白色在边上,照样叫人做纯黑羊毛的垫子呢!”于是,那些比丘用种种方式呵责六群比丘之后,把这件事禀告世尊……“诸比丘,你们真的只取一点点白色在边上,照样叫人做纯黑羊毛的垫子吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“愚痴的人们,你们怎么可以只取一点点白色在边上,照样叫人做纯黑羊毛的垫子呢!愚痴的人们,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,你们应该这样诵这个学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū – ‘‘bhagavatā paṭikkhittaṃ suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ santhataṃ kārāpetu’’nti, te thokaṃyeva odātaṃ ante ādiyitvā tatheva suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ santhataṃ kārāpenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū thokaṃyeva odātaṃ ante ādiyitvā tatheva suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ santhataṃ kārāpessantī’’ti! Atha kho te bhikkhū chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… ‘‘saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, thokaṃyeva odātaṃ ante ādiyitvā tatheva suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ santhataṃ kārāpethā’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, thokaṃyeva odātaṃ ante ādiyitvā tatheva suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ santhataṃ kārāpessatha! Netaṃ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyātha –
553比丘做新卧具,应当取两分纯黑羊毛、第三分白羊毛、第四分杂色羊毛。如果比丘不按两分黑、第三分白、第四分杂色来取,就做新卧具,犯尼萨耆亚巴吉帝亚(nissaggiya pācittiya,古译:舍堕波逸提)。
Navaṃ pana bhikkhunā santhataṃ kārayamānena dve bhāgā suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ ādātabbā tatiyaṃ odātānaṃ catutthaṃ gocariyānaṃ . Anādā ce bhikkhu dve bhāge suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ tatiyaṃ odātānaṃ catutthaṃ gocariyānaṃ navaṃ santhataṃ kārāpeyya, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiya’’nti.
554“名为‘新’,是就造作而说的。”
Navaṃ nāma karaṇaṃ upādāya vuccati.
叫做“敷具”,是把它铺开来做成的,不是编织而成的。
Santhataṃ nāma santharitvā kataṃ hoti avāyimaṃ.
所谓“建造时”,是指自己做或令他人做。
Kārayamānenāti karonto vā kārāpento vā.
……称好重量后,要取两份。
Dve bhāgā suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ ādātabbāti dhārayitvā dve tulā ādātabbā.
……一份白色的羊毛。
Tatiyaṃ odātānanti tulaṃ odātānaṃ.
……第四种牛毛一份。
Catutthaṃ gocariyānanti tulaṃ gocariyānaṃ.
不取两份纯黑羊毛、一份白羊毛、一份褐羊毛,就做新敷具——自己做也好,叫别人做也好,在做的时候犯恶作,拿到手就犯尼萨耆亚(nissaggiya,古译:尼萨耆波逸提,意译:舍堕)。必须舍给僧团,或舍给一个小组,或舍给一位比丘。诸比丘,应该这样舍:……“尊者,我这个敷具,是没有取两份纯黑羊毛、一份白羊毛、一份褐羊毛就叫人做的,是尼萨耆亚物。我把它舍给僧团。”……(僧团)应该给还……“给还给这位尊者。”
Anādā ce bhikkhu dve bhāge suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ tatiyaṃ odātānaṃ catutthaṃ gocariyānanti. Anādiyitvā dve tule suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ tulaṃ odātānaṃ tulaṃ gocariyānaṃ navaṃ santhataṃ karoti vā kārāpeti vā payoge dukkaṭaṃ, paṭilābhena nissaggiyaṃ hoti. Nissajjitabbaṃ saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbaṃ…pe… idaṃ me, bhante, santhataṃ anādiyitvā dve tule suddhakāḷakānaṃ eḷakalomānaṃ tulaṃ odātānaṃ tulaṃ gocariyānaṃ kārāpitaṃ nissaggiyaṃ. Imāhaṃ saṅghassa nissajjāmīti…pe… dadeyyāti…pe… dadeyyunti…pe… āyasmato dammīti.
555自己没做完的,自己把它完成,尼萨耆亚巴吉帝亚。自己没做完的,叫别人把它完成,尼萨耆亚巴吉帝亚。别人没做完的,自己把它完成,尼萨耆亚巴吉帝亚。别人没做完的,叫别人把它完成,尼萨耆亚巴吉帝亚。
Attanā vippakataṃ attanā pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Attanā vippakataṃ parehi pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ. Parehi vippakataṃ attanā pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ . Parehi vippakataṃ parehi pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṃ pācittiyaṃ.
为了别人而做,或者指使别人做,犯恶作。获得别人做好的之后拿来使用,犯恶作。
Aññassatthāya karoti vā kārāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Aññena kataṃ paṭilabhitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
556无犯条款:用一量白色羊毛、一量普通羊毛掺杂制作;用大量白色羊毛、大量普通羊毛掺杂制作;用纯白色羊毛、纯普通羊毛制作;做帷幕、地毯、屏风、床垫、枕头;精神失常者、最初犯者。
Anāpatti tulaṃ odātānaṃ tulaṃ gocariyānaṃ ādiyitvā karoti, bahutaraṃ odātānaṃ bahutaraṃ gocariyānaṃ ādiyitvā karoti, suddhaṃ odātānaṃ suddhaṃ gocariyānaṃ ādiyitvā karoti, vitānaṃ vā bhūmattharaṇaṃ vā sāṇipākāraṃ vā bhisiṃ vā bibbohanaṃ vā karoti, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.