12. 世间欲功德品
12. Lokakāmaguṇavaggo
1. 六处相应 · 120 段
1. 魔索第一经
1. Paṭhamamārapāsasuttaṃ
114“诸比丘,有眼识所知的色,这些色可爱、可意、适意、悦意、与欲乐相应、引生贪染。若比丘对此欢喜、欢迎、执取不舍——诸比丘,此比丘即称为进入了魔的住处、落入魔的掌控、被魔索所套。他被魔缚所缚,便成为邪恶者随心所欲处置的对象。……”
‘‘Santi , bhikkhave, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce, bhikkhu, abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āvāsagato mārassa, mārassa vasaṃ gato , paṭimukkassa mārapāso. Baddho so mārabandhanena yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato…pe….
“诸比丘,有舌识所知的味,这些味可爱、可意、适意、悦意、与欲乐相应、引生贪染。若比丘对此欢喜、欢迎、执取不舍——诸比丘,此比丘即称为进入了魔的住处、落入魔的掌控、被魔索所套。他被魔缚所缚,便成为邪恶者随心所欲处置的对象。……”
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, jivhāviññeyyā rasā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āvāsagato mārassa, mārassa vasaṃ gato, paṭimukkassa mārapāso. Baddho so mārabandhanena…pe….
“诸比丘,有可被意识了知的法,它们是可爱、诱人、令人愉悦、悦意、与感官欲乐相伴、能激起贪染的。如果一位比丘对此欢喜、迎纳、持续执取不放——诸比丘,这位比丘便被称为进入了魔的住处,落入魔的掌控,被魔的套索所缚。他被魔的束缚捆住,成了那邪恶者随意摆布的对象。”
‘‘Santi , bhikkhave, manoviññeyyā dhammā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āvāsagato mārassa, mārassa vasaṃ gato, paṭimukkassa mārapāso. Baddho so mārabandhanena yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato.
“诸比丘,然而,对于可被眼识认知的色——可爱、诱人、令人愉悦、悦意、与感官欲乐相伴、能激起贪染的色——如果一位比丘对此不欢喜、不迎纳、不持续执取不放,诸比丘,这位比丘便被称为没有进入魔的住处,没有落入魔的掌控,已从魔的套索中松脱。他解脱了魔的束缚,不再被邪恶者随意摆布。”
‘‘Santi ca kho, bhikkhave, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave , bhikkhu nāvāsagato mārassa, na mārassa vasaṃ gato, ummukkassa mārapāso. Mutto so mārabandhanena na yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato…pe….
“诸比丘,有可被舌识了知的味道——可爱、诱人、令人愉悦、悦意、与感官欲乐相伴、能激起贪染的味道。如果一位比丘对此不欢喜、不迎纳、不持续执取不放,诸比丘,这位比丘便被称为没有进入魔的住处,没有落入魔的掌控,已从魔的套索中松脱。他解脱了魔的束缚,不再被邪恶者随意摆布。”
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, jivhāviññeyyā rasā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nāvāsagato mārassa, na mārassa vasaṃ gato, ummukkassa mārapāso. Mutto so mārabandhanena na yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato…pe….
“诸比丘,有能被意识了别的法,可爱、可意、可悦、悦意,与欲乐相应,能引生贪染。若比丘对此不欣喜、不迎受、不执持不舍——诸比丘,此比丘即名为未入魔之住处,未落魔之掌控,已卸下魔之套索。他已从魔的束缚中解脱,那邪恶者再不能对他随心所欲地处置。 ”第一经。
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, manoviññeyyā dhammā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nāvāsagato mārassa, na mārassa vasaṃ gato, ummukkassa mārapāso. Mutto so mārabandhanena na yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2. 魔罗的陷阱经
2. Dutiyamārapāsasuttaṃ
115“诸比丘,有眼所识知的色,是可爱、可悦、可意、讨喜、与欲相应、能起贪染的。若比丘对此生起欢喜、表示欢迎、执著固守,诸比丘,此比丘即名为被眼所识知的色所束缚,已堕入魔的巢穴,落入魔的支配,魔的罗网已将他套住。他为魔的结缚所缚,那邪恶者便可对他为所欲为……”
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu baddho cakkhuviññeyyesu rūpesu, āvāsagato mārassa, mārassa vasaṃ gato, paṭimukkassa mārapāso. Baddho so mārabandhanena yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato…pe….
“诸比丘,有那些舌所识知的味……诸比丘,有那些意所识知的法,是可爱、诱人、令人悦意、讨人喜欢、伴随欲乐、能引发贪染的。若有比丘对此感到欢喜、予以赞赏、执持不舍——诸比丘,这位比丘便被称为被意所识知的法所束缚,已堕入魔的住处,落入魔的掌控,被魔的罗网套住。他为魔的系缚所缚,那邪恶者便可对他随意而为……”
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, jivhāviññeyyā rasā…pe… santi, bhikkhave, manoviññeyyā dhammā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu baddho manoviññeyyesu dhammesu, āvāsagato mārassa, mārassa vasaṃ gato, paṭimukkassa mārapāso. Baddho so mārabandhanena yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato…pe….
“诸比丘,确实存在着眼所识知的色,这些色是可意的、合意的、可悦的、可爱的、伴随感官欲乐的、能引生贪染的。如果一位比丘对此不欢喜、不迎向、不执取而住——诸比丘,这位比丘即被称为已从眼所识知的色中解脱,未堕入魔的住处,未落入魔的掌控,已脱开魔的陷阱。他已从魔的束缚中解脱,那邪恶者再不能对他为所欲为……”
‘‘Santi ca kho, bhikkhave, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave , bhikkhu mutto cakkhuviññeyyehi rūpehi, nāvāsagato mārassa, na mārassa vasaṃ gato, ummukkassa mārapāso. Mutto so mārabandhanena na yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato…pe….
“诸比丘,有舌识所识知的味……诸比丘,有意识所识知的法,这些法是可爱的、诱人的、合意的、令人愉悦的、伴随欲乐的、能引发贪染的。若比丘对此不欣喜、不迎纳、不执著而住——诸比丘,此比丘即说为从意识所识知的法中解脱,不堕入魔的住处,不受魔的掌控,已脱魔的罗网。他已从魔的束缚中解脱,那邪恶者不能再对他为所欲为。”第二经。
‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, jivhāviññeyyā rasā…pe… santi, bhikkhave, manoviññeyyā dhammā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mutto manoviññeyyehi dhammehi, nāvāsagato mārassa, na mārassa vasaṃ gato, ummukkassa mārapāso. Mutto so mārabandhanena na yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
3. 世间边际经
3. Lokantagamanasuttaṃ
116“诸比丘,我并非说,借由行走便能了知、见到或抵达世界的尽头。然而,诸比丘,我亦不说,未到达世界的尽头,便能终结苦。”世尊说完这番话,便从座位起身,进入住所。世尊离开后不久,那些比丘心中便生起这样的念头:“贤友们,世尊为我们做了这样一个简要的教示,未详细解析其义,便从座位起身,回到住所了。他说:‘诸比丘,我并非说,借由行走便能了知、见到或抵达世界的尽头。然而,诸比丘,我亦不说,未到达世界的尽头,便能终结苦。’那么,谁能详细解析世尊这个简要教示的深意呢?”
‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ , patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’’ti. Idaṃ vatvā bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’ti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā’’ti?
“是无常的,尊者。
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
那时,那些比丘们心想:“这位阿难尊者既为世尊所称誉,又受有智的同梵行者们敬重,且有能力将世尊略说而未广解其义的,详细解说。我们何不前往阿难尊者那里,向他请教此义?”
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito , sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’’ti.
于是,那些比丘便去往阿难尊者处。到了之后,与阿难尊者互相问候致意。说完亲切、令人忆念的话语,便坐在一旁。这些坐于一旁的比丘对阿难尊者这样说:
Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocuṃ –
“阿难学友,世尊为我们简略地说出此总说,未详细解释其义,便从座起身,进入住处。世尊这样说:‘诸比丘,我不说通过行走便能了知、看见、到达世间的尽头。然而,诸比丘,我也不说未到达世间的尽头便能结束苦。’学友,世尊离去不久,我们便这样想:‘世尊为我们简略说出此总说,未详细解释其义,便从座起身,进入住处……(世尊所说即)我不说通过行走便能了知、看见、到达世间的尽头,也不说未到达世间的尽头便能结束苦。谁能将世尊这简略的总说、未详释的义理,详细地为我们解说呢?’学友,那时我们又这样想:‘这位阿难尊者,既为老师所称叹,又为有智慧的同梵行者们所尊重。阿难尊者有能力将世尊这简略的总说、未详释的义理,详细地解说。我们不如今往阿难尊者处,到了之后,向阿难尊者请教此义。’请阿难尊者为我们解说吧。”
‘‘Idaṃ kho no, āvuso ānanda, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’ti. Tesaṃ no, āvuso, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmīti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā’ti ? Tesaṃ no, āvuso, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho, āvuso, āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’ti. Vibhajatāyasmā ānando’’ti.
“学友们,这犹如有人需要心材、寻找心材、遍处寻求心材,望见一棵巍然矗立、有心材的大树,却越过它的根,越过它的干,反而想在枝叶中去寻心材。诸位尊者如今正是如此:老师就在眼前,你们面对世尊本人,却越过彼世尊,以为应当来问我们这些义理。学友们,彼世尊——该了知的,他了知;该看见的,他看见。他就是眼,就是智,就是法,就是梵;他是宣说者、开示者、义理的引导者、不死法的施予者、法主、如来。那时,正是你们应当向世尊本人请教此义理的时机。世尊怎样为你们解说,你们便当那样谨记受持。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato atikkammeva, mūlaṃ atikkammeva, khandhaṃ sākhāpalāse sāraṃ pariyesitabbaṃ maññeyya; evaṃ sampadamidaṃ āyasmantānaṃ satthari sammukhībhūte taṃ bhagavantaṃ atisitvā amhe etamatthaṃ paṭipucchitabbaṃ maññatha . So hāvuso, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati – cakkhubhūto, ñāṇabhūto, dhammabhūto, brahmabhūto, vattā, pavattā, atthassa ninnetā, amatassa dātā, dhammassāmī, tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha . Yathā vo bhagavā byākareyya tathā vo dhāreyyāthā’’ti.
“阿难学友,实为如此:世尊是知者,所知者,他如实知;是见者,所见者,他如实见。他是眼,是智,是法,是梵;他是说者、宣说者、义理的引导者、不死法的施予者、法主、如来。那时,正是应当向世尊本人直接请教这一义理的时机。世尊如何为我等解答,我等便如何领受。然而,阿难尊者为大师所称叹,亦为有智慧的同梵行者们所敬重。阿难尊者完全有能力,将世尊以简略方式开示的这篇总说、尚未详细阐明其义理者,详尽地解说清楚。愿阿难尊者慈愍,不辞辛劳,为我等解说。”
‘‘Addhāvuso ānanda, bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati – cakkhubhūto, ñāṇabhūto, dhammabhūto, brahmabhūto, vattā, pavattā, atthassa ninnetā, amatassa dātā, dhammassāmī, tathāgato. So ceva panetassa kālo ahosi yaṃ bhagavantaṃyeva etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāma . Yathā no bhagavā byākareyya tathā naṃ dhāreyyāma. Api cāyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Vibhajatāyasmā ānando agaruṃ karitvā’’ti.
“那么,学友们,请仔细聆听,善加作意,我将解说。”“是的,尊者。”比丘们回答阿难尊者。阿难尊者便这样说:
‘‘Tenahāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā ānando etadavoca –
“尊者,是无常的。”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
“贤友们,世尊以简要的方式宣说了这个总说之后,并未详细解释其义,便从座起身,进入住处。那个总说是:‘诸比丘,我不说通过行走便能了知、看见、到达世间的尽头。然而,诸比丘,我也不说未到达世间的尽头,便能究竟苦边。’贤友们,对于世尊所宣说的这个简要总说、未详细解释的部分,我是这样详细地理解其义的:贤友们,在圣者的律法中,凡是依之而对世间有‘世间’之想、有‘世间’之慢者,这便被称为‘世间’。贤友们,是依于什么,而对世间有‘世间’之想、有‘世间’之慢呢?贤友们,是依于眼,而对世间有‘世间’之想、有‘世间’之慢;依于耳,贤友们……依于鼻,贤友们……依于舌,贤友们,而对世间有‘世间’之想、有‘世间’之慢;依于身,贤友们……依于意,贤友们,而对世间有‘世间’之想、有‘世间’之慢。在圣者的律法中,凡是依之而对世间有‘世间’之想、有‘世间’之慢者,这便被称为‘世间’。贤友们,世尊以简要的方式宣说了这个总说之后,并未详细解释其义,便从座起身,进入住处。那个总说是:‘诸比丘,我不说通过行走便能了知、看见、到达世间的尽头。然而,诸比丘,我也不说未到达世间的尽头,便能究竟苦边。’贤友们,对于世尊所宣说的这个简要总说、未详细解释的部分,我便是这样详细地理解其义的。诸位尊者若有意愿,也可亲往世尊处,就此义请问世尊。世尊如何解答,你们便当如是受持。”
‘‘Yaṃ kho vo, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’ti, imassa khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Yena kho, āvuso, lokasmiṃ lokasaññī hoti lokamānī – ayaṃ vuccati ariyassa vinaye loko. Kena cāvuso, lokasmiṃ lokasaññī hoti lokamānī? Cakkhunā kho, āvuso, lokasmiṃ lokasaññī hoti lokamānī. Sotena kho, āvuso… ghānena kho, āvuso… jivhāya kho, āvuso, lokasmiṃ lokasaññī hoti lokamānī . Kāyena kho, āvuso… manena kho, āvuso, lokasmiṃ lokasaññī hoti lokamānī. Yena kho, āvuso, lokasmiṃ lokasaññī hoti lokamānī – ayaṃ vuccati ariyassa vinaye loko. Yaṃ kho vo, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ , daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’ti, imassa khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhagavantaṃyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha. Yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti.
“如是,贤友。”那些比丘回答阿难尊者后,便从座起身,前往世尊处。到达后,向世尊礼敬,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的比丘们对世尊这样说:
‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
“尊者,世尊为我们略作教示,未广解其义,便从座起身,进入住处——‘诸比丘,因此,那眼灭尽、色想灭尽之处,应当了知……舌灭尽、味想灭尽之处,应当了知……意灭尽、法想灭尽之处,应当了知。’尊者,世尊离去未久,我们便心想:‘贤友们,世尊为我们略作教示,未广解其义——诸比丘,因此,那眼灭尽、色想灭尽之处,应当了知……意灭尽、法想灭尽之处,应当了知。谁能广解世尊此简要教示的义理呢?’尊者,我们又想:‘这位阿难尊者既为导师所称誉,亦受有智同梵行者所敬重。阿难尊者堪能广解世尊此简要教示的义理。我们何不前往阿难尊者处,请问此事?’于是,尊者,我们便往诣阿难尊者,请教此事。尊者,阿难尊者便以这些方法、以这些语句、以这些言辞,为我们解析了其中的义理。”
‘‘Yaṃ kho no, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha jivhā ca nirujjhati, rasasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti, tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso , bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. ‘Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā’ti? Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’ti. Atha kho mayaṃ, bhante, yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipucchimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, āyasmatā ānandena imehi ākārehi, imehi padehi, imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto’’ti.
“诸比丘,阿难是智者;诸比丘,阿难是大慧者!诸比丘,即使你们以此义问我,我也会如同阿难所解说的一样,为你们解说。这就是它的含义,你们应当如此受持。”第三经。
‘‘Paṇḍito , bhikkhave, ānando; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, ānando! Maṃ cepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi taṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ ānandena byākataṃ. Eso cevetassa attho, evañca naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. 欲功德经
4. Kāmaguṇasuttaṃ
117“诸比丘,在我未成正觉之前,还是未成正觉的菩萨时,我心中生起这样的念头:‘那些过去曾为心所触受、已逝去、灭尽、变易的五种欲乐,我此心若常常流连于彼,或攀缘现在、稍涉未来——’ 诸比丘,那时我心中又生起这样的念头:‘对于那些过去曾为心所触受、已逝去、灭尽、变易的五种欲乐,我应当为了自己,对其保持不放逸、正念,善护自心。’ 因此,诸比丘,对你们也是如此:那些过去曾由心触受、已逝去、灭尽、变易的五种欲乐,你们的心若常常流连于彼,或攀缘现在、稍涉未来,那么,诸比丘,对于这些,你们也应当以自身的方式,对其保持不放逸、正念,守护自心。那么,诸比丘,那个领域应当了知——在那里,眼息灭,对色的想亦息灭;那个领域应当了知——在那里,舌息灭,对味的想亦息灭;那个领域应当了知——在那里,意息灭,对法的想亦息灭。世尊说过这些话后,便从座起身,进入住处。”
‘‘Pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘yeme pañca kāmaguṇā cetaso samphuṭṭhapubbā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā, tatra me cittaṃ bahulaṃ gacchamānaṃ gaccheyya paccuppannesu vā appaṃ vā anāgatesu’. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘yeme pañca kāmaguṇā cetaso samphuṭṭhapubbā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā, tatra me attarūpena appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo’. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhākampi ye te pañca kāmaguṇā cetaso samphuṭṭhapubbā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā, tatra vo cittaṃ bahulaṃ gacchamānaṃ gaccheyya paccuppannesu vā appaṃ vā anāgatesu. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, tumhākampi ye te pañca kāmaguṇā cetaso samphuṭṭhapubbā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā, tatra vo attarūpehi appamādo sati cetaso ārakkho karaṇīyo. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha jivhā ca nirujjhati, rasasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’’ti. Idaṃ vatvā bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
那时,世尊离去后不久,那些比丘心中思惟:“世尊为我们简略宣说了一个纲要,未详细解释其义,便从座起身,进入住处——那个纲要即是:‘诸比丘,应当了知那个领域——在那个领域中,眼止息,色想亦止息;应当了知那个领域……在那个领域中,舌止息,味想亦止息;应当了知那个领域……在那个领域中,意止息,法想亦止息。’那么,谁能详细解释世尊所简略宣说、未详释其义的这纲要呢?”
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha jivhā ca nirujjhati, rasasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyā’’ti?
那时,那些比丘们心想:“这位阿难尊者,既为导师所赞许,又为有智慧的同梵行者们所敬重。而且阿难尊者有能力将世尊简要宣说、未作详细解释的纲要,详细地解说明白。我们何不去阿难尊者那里,向他请教这个纲要呢?”
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’’ti.
于是,那些比丘们便前往阿难尊者处。到了之后,与阿难尊者互相问候致意。彼此亲切地交谈过后,他们在一边坐下。坐定后,那些比丘们对阿难尊者这样说:
Atha kho te bhikkhū yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu . Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavocuṃ –
“阿难尊者,世尊这样简要地教导后,未详细解释法义,便从座起身,进入住处:‘因此,诸比丘,那个处应当被了知——在那里眼会息灭,色想会息灭;那个处应当被了知……在那里舌会息灭,味想会息灭;那个处应当被了知……在那里意会息灭,法想会息灭;那个处应当被了知。’尊者,世尊离开后不久,我们心想:‘世尊这样简要地教导,未详细解释法义,便从座起身,进入住处——“因此,诸比丘,那个处应当被了知——在那里眼会息灭,色想会息灭;那个处应当被了知……在那里舌会息灭,味想会息灭;那个处应当被了知……在那里意会息灭,法想会息灭;那个处应当被了知。”谁能将世尊所简要宣说而未详细解释的法义,详细解说呢?’尊者,我们转念又想:‘这位阿难尊者,既为导师所赞许,又为有智慧的同梵行者们所敬重。而且阿难尊者有能力将世尊所简要宣说而未详细解释的法义,详细解说。我们何不去阿难尊者那里,向他请教这个法义呢?’敬请阿难尊者详细解说。”
‘‘Idaṃ kho no, āvuso ānanda, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha jivhā ca nirujjhati , rasasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. Tesaṃ no, āvuso, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha jivhā ca nirujjhati, rasasaññā ca nirujjhati se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti? Tesaṃ no, āvuso, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’ti. Vibhajatāyasmā ānando’’ti.
“朋友们,譬如有人需要心材、寻求心材,正为寻找心材而四处巡行,来到一棵大树下……愿阿难尊者不辞辛劳,详细解说此义。”
‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso, puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī sārapariyesanaṃ caramāno mahato rukkhassa…pe… vibhajatāyasmā ānando agaruṃ karitvāti.
“既然如此,朋友们,请谛听,善作意。我当为说明。”“好的,朋友。”比丘们回应阿难尊者。阿难尊者这样说:
‘‘Tenahāvuso , suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā ānando etadavoca –
“诸位贤友,世尊曾有番简要的教示,未详细解释其义,便从座起身进入住所。那段话是:‘因此,诸比丘,应当了知那种处——在那里眼会息灭,色想会息灭;应当了知那种处……在那里意会息灭,法想会息灭;应当了知那种处。’诸位贤友,对于世尊这番简要宣说、未加详释的义理,我是这样理解其详细含义的:诸位贤友,世尊所说的,就是六处的息灭。那段话是:‘因此,诸比丘,应当了知那种处——在那里眼会息灭,色想会息灭;应当了知那种处……在那里意会息灭,法想会息灭;应当了知那种处。’诸位贤友,世尊曾有番简要的教示,未详细解释其义,便从座起身进入住所。那段话是:‘因此,诸比丘,应当了知那种处——在那里眼会息灭,色想会息灭;应当了知那种处……在那里意会息灭,法想会息灭;应当了知那种处。’诸位贤友,对于世尊这番简要宣说、未加详释的义理,我正是这样理解其详细含义的。如果诸位愿意,可以亲自去见世尊,向他请问此义,并依照世尊为你们所作的解答去受持。”
‘‘Yaṃ kho vo, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. Imassa khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Saḷāyatananirodhaṃ no etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe, yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘tasmātiha, bhikkhave, se āyatane veditabbe yattha cakkhu ca nirujjhati, rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe…pe… yattha mano ca nirujjhati, dhammasaññā ca nirujjhati, se āyatane veditabbe’ti. Imassa khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhagavantaṃyeva upasaṅkamatha; upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ puccheyyātha. Yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti.
“是的,朋友。”那些比丘应诺尊者阿难后,便从座起身,前往世尊处。到了之后,向世尊礼敬,退坐一面。坐定后,他们对世尊这样说道:
‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
“尊者,世尊以简略的教示为我们作了总说,未详释其义,便从座起身,入于住处。那教示是:‘诸比丘,我不说通过行走便能了知、见到、到达世间的尽头;但诸比丘,我也不说不到达世间的尽头,便能作苦的终结。’尊者,世尊离开后不久,我们便生起此念:‘世尊以简略教示为我们总说,未详释其义就起身入住了——“诸比丘,我不说通过行走便能了知、见到、到达世间的尽头;但诸比丘,我也不说不到达世间的尽头,便能作苦的终结。”那么,谁能详细解说世尊这简略总说、未详释其义的教示呢?’尊者,我们继而又想:‘这位尊者阿难,既为导师所称誉,亦为有智的同梵行者所敬重。尊者阿难有能力详细解说世尊这简略总说、未详释其义的教示。我们何不去亲近尊者阿难,请教此义呢?’于是,尊者,我们便前往尊者阿难处。到了之后,便向尊者阿难请教此义。尊者,尊者阿难便是以这些方式、这些语句、这些言辞,为我们解说了它的含义。”
‘‘Yaṃ kho no, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – ‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato etadahosi – ‘idaṃ kho no, āvuso, bhagavā saṃkhittena uddesaṃ uddisitvā vitthārena atthaṃ avibhajitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ paviṭṭho – nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, gamanena lokassa antaṃ ñāteyyaṃ, daṭṭheyyaṃ, patteyyanti vadāmi. Na ca panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, appatvā lokassa antaṃ dukkhassa antakiriyaṃ vadāmī’ti. Ko nu kho imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajeyyāti? Tesaṃ no, bhante, amhākaṃ etadahosi – ‘ayaṃ kho āyasmā ānando satthu ceva saṃvaṇṇito, sambhāvito ca viññūnaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Pahoti cāyasmā ānando imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena uddesassa uddiṭṭhassa vitthārena atthaṃ avibhattassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajituṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkameyyāma; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyāmā’ti. Atha kho mayaṃ , bhante, yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamimha; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etamatthaṃ paṭipucchimha. Tesaṃ no, bhante, āyasmatā ānandena imehi ākārehi imehi padehi imehi byañjanehi attho vibhatto’’ti.
“诸比丘,阿难是智者;诸比丘,阿难具备大智慧。诸比丘,你们若以此义来问我,我也会完全如同阿难所解说的那样来回答。这正是它的含义,你们应当如此受持。”第四经。
‘‘Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, ānando; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, ānando! Maṃ cepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi taṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ ānandena byākataṃ. Eso cevetassa attho. Evañca naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
5. 帝释问经
5. Sakkapañhasuttaṃ
118一时,世尊住王舍城灵鹫山。那时,帝释天神来诣世尊前,顶礼后立于一旁。立于一旁的帝释天神对世尊这样说:“尊者,是何因、何缘,使此中一些有情当生不般涅槃?尊者,又是何因、何缘,使此中一些有情当生般涅槃?”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante , hetu, ko paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme no parinibbāyanti? Ko pana, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyantī’’ti?
“帝释天神,有眼所识的色,可爱、可悦、合意、喜好,伴随欲乐,令人贪染。若比丘对此色喜悦、欢迎、牢固执取而住,当他喜悦、欢迎、牢固执取而住时,其识便依于此、以此为执取。有执取的比丘,帝释天神,不般涅槃。”
‘‘Santi kho, devānaminda, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ hoti tadupādānaṃ. Saupādāno, devānaminda, bhikkhu no parinibbāyati…pe….
“帝释天神,有舌识所认知的味……帝释天神,有意识所认知的法,是可爱、可悦、合意、喜好,伴随欲乐、令人贪染的。若比丘对这法欢喜、欢迎、坚固执取而住,当他如此欢喜、欢迎、坚固执取而住时,依于此的识便有执取。帝释天神,有执取的比丘不会般涅槃。帝释天神,正是由此因、由此缘,有些众生当生不能般涅槃。”
‘‘Santi kho, devānaminda, jivhāviññeyyā rasā…pe… santi kho, devānaminda, manoviññeyyā dhammā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ hoti tadupādānaṃ. Saupādāno, devānaminda, bhikkhu no parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, devānaminda, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme no parinibbāyanti.
“帝释天神,有眼识所认知的色,是可爱、可悦、合意、喜好,伴随欲乐、令人贪染的。若比丘对此不欢喜、不欢迎、不坚固执取而住,则当他不欢喜、不欢迎、不坚固执取而住时,其识不依于此,亦无对它的执取。帝释天神,无执取的比丘便般涅槃。……
‘‘Santi ca kho, devānaminda, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato na tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ hoti, na tadupādānaṃ. Anupādāno, devānaminda, bhikkhu parinibbāyati…pe… .
“天王,确有舌识所认知的味道……天王,确有意识所认知的法,这些法是合意的、可爱的、悦心的、喜乐的、与欲相伴的、能引发贪染的。若一位比丘对此不欣喜、不迎纳、不固持,当他如此不欣喜、不迎纳、不固持时,识便不依止于它,也不会有对它的执取。天王,无有执取的比丘便完全般涅槃。天王,这就是此世间有些众生在现法中完全般涅槃的原因,这就是其条件。”第五经。
‘‘Santi kho, devānaminda, jivhāviññeyyā rasā…pe… santi kho, devānaminda, manoviññeyyā dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato na tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ hoti na tadupādānaṃ. Anupādāno, devānaminda, bhikkhu parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, devānaminda, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. 五髻经
6. Pañcasikhasuttaṃ
119一时,世尊住在王舍城的灵鹫山。那时,干达婆天子五髻来到世尊前,顶礼世尊后,立于一旁。立于一旁后,干达婆天子五髻对世尊这样说:“尊者,是什么因、什么缘,使得此世间某些众生在现法中未得彻底般涅槃?尊者,又是什么因、什么缘,使得此世间某些众生在现法中得彻底般涅槃?”世尊说道:“五髻,确有眼识所认知的色……(省略重复内容)确有意识所认知的法,那些是合意、可爱、悦心、喜乐、与欲相连、能引发贪染的。若有比丘对此欢喜、欢迎、持续执取,则当他欢喜、欢迎、持续执取时,识便依止于彼,对彼的执取便生起。五髻,有执取的比丘,便未得彻底般涅槃。五髻,这就是此世间某些众生于现法中未得彻底般涅槃的因,这就是其缘。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho pañcasikho gandhabbadevaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme no parinibbāyanti? Ko pana, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyantī’’ti? ‘‘Santi kho, pañcasikha, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā…pe… santi kho, pañcasikha, manoviññeyyā dhammā, iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu abhinandati abhivadati ajjhosāya tiṭṭhati. Tassa taṃ abhinandato abhivadato ajjhosāya tiṭṭhato tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ hoti tadupādānaṃ. Saupādāno, pañcasikha , bhikkhu no parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, pañcasikha, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme no parinibbāyanti’’.
“然而,五髻,确实有眼识所认知的色,是合意、可爱、悦心的…… 五髻,确实有意识所认知的法,是合意、可爱、悦心、可喜、与欲相连、能引贪染的。若一位比丘对此不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续执取,那么在不欢喜、不欢迎、不持续执取时,识便不依止于彼,对彼亦无所执取。五髻,无所执取的比丘即究竟般涅槃。五髻,这就是其因,这就是其缘,由此世间有一些众生能于现法而究竟般涅槃。”第六经。
‘‘Santi ca kho, pañcasikha, cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā…pe… santi kho, pañcasikha, manoviññeyyā dhammā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Tañce bhikkhu nābhinandati nābhivadati nājjhosāya tiṭṭhati, tassa taṃ anabhinandato anabhivadato anajjhosāya tiṭṭhato na tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ hoti, na tadupādānaṃ. Anupādāno, pañcasikha, bhikkhu parinibbāyati. Ayaṃ kho, pañcasikha, hetu, ayaṃ paccayo yena midhekacce sattā diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyantī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. 舍利弗共住弟子经
7. Sāriputtasaddhivihārikasuttaṃ
120一时,舍利弗尊者住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位比丘来到舍利弗尊者那里,与尊者互相问候致意,互致亲切友善的话语后,便在一旁坐下。坐定后,那位比丘对舍利弗尊者说:“舍利弗贤友,我有一位同住比丘,舍弃了修学,退回到低劣的世俗生活中去了。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saddhivihāriko , āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatto’’ti.
“贤友,正是如此。对于不防护根门、饮食不知量、不勤行醒觉的人,就会发生这种事。贤友,若一位比丘不防护根门、饮食不知量、不勤行醒觉,却声称能终生修习圆满清净的梵行——这是绝无可能的。贤友,若一位比丘防护根门、饮食知量、勤行醒觉,则能终生修习圆满清净的梵行,这才是可能的。”
‘‘Evametaṃ, āvuso, hoti indriyesu aguttadvārassa, bhojane amattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttassa. ‘So vatāvuso, bhikkhu indriyesu aguttadvāro bhojane amattaññū jāgariyaṃ ananuyutto yāvajīvaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ santānessatī’ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. ‘So vatāvuso, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro, bhojane mattaññū, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto yāvajīvaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ santānessatī’ti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.
“贤友,如何才称得上‘于诸根守护根门’呢?贤友,在此,有比丘以眼见到色后,不执取整体的相状,也不执取细微的特征。若眼根不加防护而安住,贪欲和忧恼这些恶不善法便会涌入。为此,他修习防护,守护眼根,于眼根上成就防护。以耳听到声后……以鼻闻到香后……以舌尝到味后……以身触到触后……以意了知法后,不执取整体的相状,也不执取细微的特征。若意根不加防护而安住,贪欲和忧恼这些恶不善法便会涌入。为此,他修习防护,守护意根,于意根上成就防护。贤友,如此便是在诸根上守护根门。
‘‘Kathañcāvuso, indriyesu guttadvāro hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, indriyesu guttadvāro hoti.
“贤友,如何才算在食物上知道分量呢?贤友,于此,比丘如理省思之后而进食:他不为嬉戏,不为陶醉,不为装饰,不为打扮,只为了此身的存续与维持,为了止息伤害,为了资助梵行。他这样思惟:‘我以此消除旧的感受,不令新的感受生起;我将得以存续,无有过失,安隐而住。’贤友,这便是于食物知分量的情形。”
‘‘Kathañcāvuso, bhojane mattaññū hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti – ‘neva davāya, na madāya, na maṇḍanāya, na vibhūsanāya, yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya, vihiṃsūparatiyā, brahmacariyānuggahāya. Iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati , anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’ti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, bhojane mattaññū hoti.
“朋友,如何才称为‘专修警觉’呢?朋友,比丘于白昼以经行与禅坐,令心净化,远离障碍之法。初夜时分,亦以经行与禅坐,令心净化,远离障碍之法。中夜时分,右胁作狮子卧,双足交叠,正念正知,作意起身之想。后夜时分,起身之后,再以经行与禅坐,令心净化,远离障碍之法。朋友,这便称为‘专修警觉’。因此,朋友,你们应如是修学:‘我们将守护根门,饮食知量,专修警觉。’朋友,你们应当如是修学。”第七经。
‘‘Kathañcāvuso, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti. Rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti . Rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno, uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti. Tasmātihāvuso, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘indriyesu guttadvārā bhavissāma, bhojane mattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā’ti. Evañhi vo, āvuso, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
8. 教诫罗睺罗经
8. Rāhulovādasuttaṃ
121一时,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊在独自宴坐静处时,心中生起如是思惟:“罗睺罗那些能令解脱成熟的法已经成熟了,我现在应当更进一步引导罗睺罗至诸漏的灭尽。”于是,世尊于午前着衣持钵,入舍卫城乞食。食后,从乞食处返回,便对尊者罗睺罗说:“带上坐垫,罗睺罗,我们前往安陀林作日间休息。”“好的,尊者。”尊者罗睺罗应诺世尊后,拿起坐垫,紧随在世尊之后。
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘paripakkā kho rāhulassa vimuttiparipācaniyā dhammā; yaṃnūnāhaṃ rāhulaṃ uttariṃ āsavānaṃ khaye vineyya’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto āyasmantaṃ rāhulaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘gaṇhāhi, rāhula, nisīdanaṃ. Yena andhavanaṃ tenupasaṅkamissāma divāvihārāyā’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavato paṭissutvā nisīdanaṃ ādāya bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhi.
那时,有数千位天神跟随着世尊,心中思惟:“今日,世尊将更进一步教导尊者罗睺罗,令他灭尽诸漏。”接着,世尊进入安陀林,在一棵树下敷设好的座位上坐下。尊者罗睺罗向世尊礼敬后,坐在一旁。世尊便对坐在一旁的尊者罗睺罗这样说:
Tena kho pana samayena anekāni devatāsahassāni bhagavantaṃ anubandhāni honti – ‘‘ajja bhagavā āyasmantaṃ rāhulaṃ uttariṃ āsavānaṃ khaye vinessatī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā andhavanaṃ ajjhogāhetvā aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle paññatte āsane nisīdi. Āyasmāpi kho rāhulo bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ rāhulaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
“罗睺罗,你意如何?眼是常,还是无常?”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhu niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti?
“是苦,世尊。”
‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,可适合视为:‘这是我的,我是这,这是我的自我’吗?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi , eso me attā’’’ti?
“不,世尊,这不适合。
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ( )
“诸色是常,还是无常?”
‘‘Rūpā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe….
“眼识是常还是无常?”
‘‘Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe….
“眼触是常还是无常?”
‘‘Cakkhusamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe….
“那些因眼触而生的受、想、行、识,是常还是无常?”
‘‘Yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedanāgataṃ, saññāgataṃ, saṅkhāragataṃ, viññāṇagataṃ, tampi niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“是无常的,尊者。”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,世尊。若是无常,那是苦还是乐呢?”“是苦,世尊。”
‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,还适合把它视之为‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的自我’吗?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti?
“不,世尊。”……(中略)……
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’…pe….
“舌是常,还是无常?”
‘‘Jivhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe….
“舌识是常还是无常?”
‘‘Jivhāviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。……”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe….
“舌触是常,还是无常?”
‘‘Jivhāsamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。……”
‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe….
“以舌触为缘所生的受、想、行、识,是常还是无常?”
‘‘Yampidaṃ jivhāsamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedanāgataṃ, saññāgataṃ, saṅkhāragataṃ, viññāṇagataṃ, tampi niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti?
“是苦,世尊。
‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,是否适合这样观察:‘这是我的,我即此,此是我的自我’?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti?
“不,世尊。
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
“不,世尊。
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’…pe….
“意是常的还是无常的?”
‘‘Mano nicco vā anicco vā’’ti?
“无常,世尊。”
‘‘Anicco, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti?
“是苦,尊者。
‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,可以这样观察吗:‘这是我的,这就是我,这就是我的我’?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti?
“不,尊者。”
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
“法,是常还是无常?”
‘‘Dhammā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe….
“意识是常,还是无常?”
‘‘Manoviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe….
“意触是常,还是无常?”
‘‘Manosamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”……
‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe….
“凡以意触为缘而生起的受、想、行、识,这些是常还是无常?”
‘‘Yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedanāgataṃ, saññāgataṃ, saṅkhāragataṃ, viññāṇagataṃ, tampi niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti?
“无常,尊者。”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐呢?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti?
“是苦,尊者。”
‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’.
“那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,适合将它视为“这是我的,这是我,这是我的我”吗?”
‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti?
“不,尊者。
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
“罗睺罗,如此观察时,多闻的圣弟子于眼亦厌离,于色亦厌离,于眼识亦厌离,于眼触亦厌离;凡是依眼触为缘所生起的受、想、行、识,于彼亦厌离……于舌亦厌离,于味亦厌离,于舌识亦厌离,于舌触亦厌离;凡是依舌触为缘所生起的受、想、行、识,于彼亦厌离……
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmimpi nibbindati, rūpesupi nibbindati, cakkhuviññāṇepi nibbindati, cakkhusamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ tasmimpi nibbindati…pe… jivhāyapi nibbindati, rasesupi nibbindati, jivhāviññāṇepi nibbindati, jivhāsamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ jivhāsamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ tasmimpi nibbindati…pe….
“他于意亦厌离,于法亦厌离,于意识亦厌离,于意触亦厌离;凡是依意触为缘所生起的受、想、行、识,于彼亦厌离。因厌离而离贪,由离贪故,得解脱;解脱时,生起‘解脱了’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有这轮回的状态。’”
‘‘Manasmimpi nibbindati, dhammesupi nibbindati, manoviññāṇepi nibbindati, manosamphassepi nibbindati, yampidaṃ manosamphassapaccayā uppajjati vedanāgataṃ saññāgataṃ saṅkhāragataṃ viññāṇagataṃ tasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti.
世尊如是说。罗睺罗尊者心悦诚服,对世尊的开示感到欢喜。正当此开示宣说之际,罗睺罗尊者的心无所执取,便从诸漏中解脱。与此同时,数以千计的天神亦生起了远离尘垢、远离垢秽的法眼:“凡任何集起之法,皆是灭尽之法。”第八经。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā rāhulo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne āyasmato rāhulassa anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucci. Anekānañca devatāsahassānaṃ virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. 结缚法经
9. Saṃyojaniyadhammasuttaṃ
122“诸比丘,我将为你们解说能生起结缚的法,以及什么是结缚。你们当谛听。诸比丘,哪些是能生起结缚的法?什么是结缚呢?眼,即是能生起结缚的法,于眼所生起的欲贪,即是那里的结缚。……舌,也是能生起结缚的法……意,也是能生起结缚的法,于意所生起的欲贪,即是那里的结缚。诸比丘,这些便名为能生起结缚的法,这便是结缚。第六经。
‘‘Saṃyojaniye ca, bhikkhave, dhamme desessāmi saṃyojanañca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyā dhammā, katamañca saṃyojanaṃ? Cakkhuṃ, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyo dhammo. Yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha saṃyojanaṃ…pe… jivhā saṃyojaniyo dhammo…pe… mano saṃyojaniyo dhammo. Yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha saṃyojanaṃ. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyā dhammā, idaṃ saṃyojana’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
10. 取法经
10. Upādāniyadhammasuttaṃ
123“诸比丘,我将为你们宣说可执取的法与执取。谛听。诸比丘,什么是可执取的法?什么是执取?眼,即是可执取的法。对眼所生的欲贪,便是那里的执取。……舌,也是可执取的法。……意,也是可执取的法。对意所生的欲贪,便是那里的执取。诸比丘,这些便称为可执取的法,这便是执取。”第七经。
‘‘Upādāniye ca, bhikkhave, dhamme desessāmi upādānañca. Taṃ suṇātha. Katame ca, bhikkhave, upādāniyā dhammā, katamañca upādānaṃ ? Cakkhuṃ, bhikkhave, upādāniyo dhammo. Yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha upādānaṃ…pe… jivhā upādāniyo dhammo…pe… mano upādāniyo dhammo. Yo tattha chandarāgo, taṃ tattha upādānaṃ. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, upādāniyā dhammā, idaṃ upādāna’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
Mārapāsena dve vuttā, lokakāmaguṇena ca;
“是无常,世尊。”
‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’.
帝释天神、五髻、舍利弗与罗睺罗;
结缚、执取,此品即以此而得名。
Sakko pañcasikho ceva, sāriputto ca rāhulo; Saṃyojanaṃ upādānaṃ, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.