比丘尼分别·9. 伞鞋品
十六大结合 · 132 段
9. 伞鞋品巴利
9. Chattupāhanavaggo
239 若比丘尼使用伞和鞋,她犯下两种罪。当她正在使用时,犯恶作;当使用完成时,犯波逸提。巴利
Chattupāhanaṃ dhārentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Dhāreti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; dhārite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
若比丘尼乘坐交通工具,她犯下两种罪。当她正在乘坐时,犯恶作;当乘坐完成时,犯波逸提。巴利
Yānena yāyantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Yāyati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; yāyite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
若比丘尼穿戴腰布,她犯两种罪:穿戴的动作中,犯恶作;穿戴完成时,犯波逸提。巴利
Saṅghāṇiṃ dhārentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Dhāreti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; dhārite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
若比丘尼佩戴女性装饰品,她犯下两种罪。当她正在佩戴时,犯恶作;当佩戴完成时,犯波逸提。巴利
Itthālaṅkāraṃ dhārentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Dhāreti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; dhārite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
用香料水沐浴的比丘尼犯两种罪。在沐浴进行时,动作中是恶作;在沐浴完成时,是波逸提罪。巴利
Gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Nahāyati , payoge dukkaṭaṃ; nahānapariyosāne, āpatti pācittiyassa.
用有香味的粉末沐浴的比丘尼犯两种罪。在沐浴进行时,动作中是恶作;在沐浴完成时,是波逸提罪。巴利
Vāsitakena piññākena nahāyantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Nahāyati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; nahānapariyosāne, āpatti pācittiyassa.
让比丘尼为自己揉捏按摩的比丘尼犯两种罪。指使揉捏时,动作中是恶作;当揉捏完成后,是波逸提罪。巴利
Bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpentī parimaddāpentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Ummaddāpeti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; ummaddite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
让在学尼为自己揉捏按摩的比丘尼犯两种罪。指使揉捏时,动作中是恶作;当揉捏完成后,是波逸提罪。巴利
Sikkhamānāya ummaddāpentī parimaddāpentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Ummaddāpeti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; ummaddite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
让沙弥尼为自己揉捏按摩的比丘尼犯两种罪。指使揉捏时,动作中是恶作;当揉捏完成后,是波逸提罪。巴利
Sāmaṇeriyā ummaddāpentī parimaddāpentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Ummaddāpeti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; ummaddite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
让在家女为自己揉捏按摩的比丘尼犯两种罪。指使揉捏时,动作中是恶作;当揉捏完成后,是波逸提罪。巴利
Gihiniyā ummaddāpentī parimaddāpentī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Ummaddāpeti, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; ummaddite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在比丘面前未经许可就坐在座位上的比丘尼犯两种罪。在坐下时,动作中是恶作;在坐下后,是波逸提罪。巴利
Bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Nisīdati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; nisinne, āpatti pācittiyassa.
向没有给予机会的比丘提问的比丘尼犯两种罪。在提问时,动作中是恶作;在提问完成后,是波逸提罪。巴利
Anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Pucchati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ; pucchite, āpatti pācittiyassa.
未穿衬衣进入村庄时,她犯两项罪:跨过界围的第一只脚迈出时,犯恶作罪;第二只脚迈出时,犯波逸提罪。巴利
Asaṅkaccikā gāmaṃ pavisantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ parikkhepaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; dutiyaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
5. 应悔过篇巴利
5. Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍaṃ
240 乞求熟酥后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Sappiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
乞求油后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Telaṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
乞求蜂蜜后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Madhuṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
乞求糖浆后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Phāṇitaṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
乞求鱼后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Macchaṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
乞求肉后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Maṃsaṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
乞求乳后食用时,她犯两项罪:心想“我要吃了”而接过时,犯恶作罪;每一口吞下时,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Khīraṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
一位比丘尼讨要了凝乳然后吃,会犯两条罪。她心想“我要吃”而接受时,犯恶作罪;每吞咽一口,犯应悔过罪。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa.
241 一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,在四种退失中,属于几种退失?一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,在四种退失中,属于两种退失——可能是戒退失,也可能是行仪退失……(中略)。巴利
Avassutā bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ, siyā ācāravipattiṃ…pe….
讨要凝乳而吃的比丘尼,她所犯的罪,在四种退失中,属于几种退失?讨要凝乳而吃的比丘尼,她所犯的罪,在四种退失中,属于一种退失——行仪退失。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ ekaṃ vipattiṃ bhajanti – ācāravipattiṃ.
242 一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,在七种罪聚中,被哪几种罪聚所包含?一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,在七种罪聚中,被三种罪聚所包含——可能被波罗夷罪聚包含,可能被土喇咤亚罪聚包含,可能被恶作罪聚包含……(中略)。巴利
Avassutā bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ tīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena…pe….
讨要凝乳而吃的比丘尼,她所犯的罪,在七种罪聚中,被哪几种罪聚所包含?讨要凝乳而吃的比丘尼,她所犯的罪,在七种罪聚中,被两种罪聚所包含——可能被应悔过罪聚包含,可能被恶作罪聚包含。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pāṭidesanīyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.
5. 生起分巴利
5. Samuṭṭhānavāro
243 一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,从六种罪生起中,由哪几种生起而生起?一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,从六种罪生起中,由一种生起而生起——由身与心生起,不由语……(中略)。巴利
Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti – kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti, na vācato…pe….
讨要凝乳而吃的比丘尼,她所犯的罪,在六种罪生起当中,是由哪几种而生起的?讨要凝乳而吃的比丘尼,她所犯的罪,在六种罪生起当中,是由四种而生起的——可能由身生起,不由语、不由心;可能由身与语生起,不由心;可能由身与心生起,不由语;可能由身、语与心生起。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ catūhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti – siyā kāyato samuṭṭhanti, na vācato na cittato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca samuṭṭhanti, na cittato; siyā kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti, na vācato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti.
6. 诤事分巴利
6. Adhikaraṇavāro
244 一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,在四种诤事中,属于哪一种诤事?一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一个有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的罪,在四种诤事中——属于罪过诤事……(中略)。巴利
Avassutā bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ – āpattādhikaraṇaṃ…pe….
比丘尼求取了乳酪然后食用,她所犯的这些罪,属于四种诤事中的哪一种诤事?比丘尼求取乳酪然后食用所犯的罪,在四种诤事中——属于罪过诤事。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ – āpattādhikaraṇaṃ.
245 一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受了一位有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的这些罪,由七种灭诤法中的几种灭诤法来平息?一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受了一位有欲心男子的身体接触,她所犯的这些罪,由七种灭诤法中的三种灭诤法来平息——可能通过面前裁决与所承认的作出,也可能通过面前裁决与如草覆地的方式……(省略)。巴利
Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca…pe….
比丘尼求取乳酪然后食用,她所犯的这些罪,由七种灭诤法中的几种灭诤法来平息?比丘尼求取乳酪然后食用所犯的这些罪,由七种灭诤法中的三种灭诤法来平息——可能通过面前裁决与所承认的作出,也可能通过面前裁决与如草覆地的方式。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantiyā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
246 一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一位有欲心男子的身体接触,她犯了多少种罪?一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一位有欲心男子的身体接触,她犯了三种罪。如果在膝盖以上、锁骨以下的身体部位接受抚摸,犯波罗夷罪;如果在锁骨以上、膝盖以下的身体部位接受抚摸,犯土喇咤亚罪;如果接受与身体相连接的物品的抚摸,犯恶作罪——一位有欲心的比丘尼,接受一位有欲心男子的身体接触,她犯的就是这三种罪。巴利
Avassutā bhikkhunī avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantī kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Avassutā bhikkhunī avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantī tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Adhakkhakaṃ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ gahaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassa; ubbhakkhakaṃ adhojāṇumaṇḍalaṃ gahaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti thullaccayassa; kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ gahaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti dukkaṭassa – avassutā bhikkhunī avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyantī imā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.
这些罪,在四种违犯中,归入几种违犯?在七种罪聚中,被几种罪聚所包含?在六种罪生起方式中,从几种生起方式生起?在四种诤事中,属于哪一种诤事?在七种灭诤法中,由几种灭诤法来平息?这些罪,在四种违犯中,归入两种违犯——可能归入戒行违犯,也可能归入操行违犯。在七种罪聚中,被三种罪聚所包含——可能被波罗夷罪聚所包含,可能被土喇咤亚罪聚所包含,可能被恶作罪聚所包含。在六种罪生起方式中,由一种生起方式生起——由身与心生起,不由语生起。在四种诤事中,属于罪过诤事。在七种灭诤法中,由三种灭诤法来平息——可能通过面前裁决与所承认的作出,也可能通过面前裁决与如草覆地的方式……(省略)。巴利
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ, siyā ācāravipattiṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ tīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti – kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti, na vācato. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca…pe….
比丘尼求取乳酪然后食用,她犯了多少种罪?比丘尼求取乳酪然后食用,她犯了两种罪。心想“我要吃”而接受,犯恶作;每一吞咽,犯应悔过罪——比丘尼求取乳酪然后食用,她犯的就是这两种罪。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa – dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjantī imā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.
这些罪,在四种违犯中,归入几种违犯?在七种罪聚中,被几种罪聚所包含?在六种罪生起方式中,从几种生起方式生起?在四种诤事中,属于哪一种诤事?在七种灭诤法中,由几种灭诤法来平息?这些罪,在四种违犯中,归入一种违犯——行为违犯。在七种罪聚中,被两种罪聚所包含——可能被应悔过罪聚所包含,可能被恶作罪聚所包含。在六种罪生起方式中,由四种生起方式生起——可能由身生起,不由语、不由心生起;可能由身与语生起,不由心生起;可能由身与心生起,不由语生起;可能由身、语与心生起。在四种诤事中,属于罪过诤事。在七种灭诤法中,由三种灭诤法来平息——可能通过现前毗尼与自言毗尼,也可能通过现前毗尼与如草覆地。巴利
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ ekaṃ vipattiṃ bhajanti – ācāravipattiṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pāṭidesanīyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ catūhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti – siyā kāyato samuṭṭhanti na vācato na cittato, siyā kāyato ca vācato ca samuṭṭhanti na cittato, siyā kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti na vācato, siyā kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ – āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
1. 何处制定分巴利
1. Katthapaññattivāro
1. 波罗夷篇巴利
1. Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ
247 那位世尊、知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者,因为接受身体接触这个条件而制定的那条波罗夷学处,制定在什么地方?是因为谁?缘于什么事情?……(中略)……是由谁传来的?巴利
Yaṃ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā pārājikaṃ kattha paññattaṃ? Kaṃ ārabbha? Kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ…pe… kenābhatanti?
关于那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉的世尊,以接受身体接触为缘而制定的比丘尼波罗夷,是在哪里制定的呢?是在舍卫城制定的。是缘于何人呢?是缘于孙陀利难陀比丘尼。是在什么事由中呢?孙陀利难陀比丘尼心中有欲,对一个心中有欲的男子,接受了他的身体接触;就是在这个事由中制定的。在那里,有根本制定、随制、未发随制吗?有一项根本制定。那里没有随制,也没有未发随制。是普遍处制定,还是局部处制定呢?是普遍处制定。是共通制定,还是不共通制定呢?是不共通制定。是一方制定,还是两方制定呢?是一方制定。在四类巴帝摩卡诵出中,它被归入哪一诵、含摄在哪一诵呢?它被归入序分、含摄在序分。通过哪一诵而成为诵出的内容呢?通过第二诵成为诵出的内容。在四种违犯中,属于哪一类违犯呢?属于戒的违犯。在七种罪聚中,属于哪一种罪聚呢?属于波罗夷罪聚。在六种罪的生起方式中,它由几种生起方式而生起呢?由一种生起方式而生起——从身与心两方面生起,而不是从语……它是怎样传承下来的呢?是这样次第传承下来的——巴利
Yaṃ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā pārājikaṃ kattha paññattanti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññattaṃ. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Sundarīnandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Atthi tattha paññatti, anupaññatti, anuppannapaññattīti? Ekā paññatti. Anupaññatti anuppannapaññatti tasmiṃ natthi. Sabbatthapaññatti, padesapaññattīti? Sabbatthapaññatti. Sādhāraṇapaññatti, asādhāraṇapaññattīti? Asādhāraṇapaññatti. Ekatopaññatti, ubhatopaññattīti? Ekatopaññatti. Catunnaṃ pātimokkhuddesānaṃ katthogadhaṃ kattha pariyāpannanti? Nidānogadhaṃ nidānapariyāpannaṃ? Katamena uddesena uddesaṃ āgacchatīti? Dutiyena uddesena uddesaṃ āgacchati. Catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ katamā vipattīti? Sīlavipatti. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katamo āpattikkhandhoti ? Pārājikāpattikkhandho. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhātīti? Ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhāti, na vācato…pe… kenābhatanti? Paramparābhataṃ –
优波离,以及达萨咖,同样地,首那咖、锡嘎瓦,
由目犍连子帝须作为第五位,这些人在瞻部洲。
这些如象般的大智者,精通律藏、善知行道,
他们在岛上弘扬了律藏,即铜掌岛的藏经。巴利
Upāli dāsako ceva, soṇako siggavo tathā; Moggaliputtena pañcamā, ete jambusirivhaye. …pe…; Ete nāgā mahāpaññā, vinayaññū maggakovidā; Vinayaṃ dīpe pakāsesuṃ, piṭakaṃ tambapaṇṇiyāti.
关于以隐瞒罪行为缘而制定的波罗夷,是在哪里制定的呢?是在舍卫城制定的。是缘于何人呢?是缘于偷兰难陀比丘尼。是在什么事由中呢?偷兰难陀比丘尼明知一位比丘尼犯了波罗夷法,却既不自发地指责她,也不向僧团报告;就是在这个事由中制定的。有一项根本制定。在六种罪的生起方式中,它由一种生起方式而生起——在放弃责任时……巴利
Vajjappaṭicchādanapaccayā pārājikaṃ kattha paññattanti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññattaṃ. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Thullanandā bhikkhunī jānaṃ pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ ajjhāpannaṃ bhikkhuniṃ nevattanā paṭicodesi na gaṇassa ārocesi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
关于乃至第三次劝告仍不舍弃为缘而制定的波罗夷,是在哪里制定的呢?是在舍卫城制定的。是缘于何人呢?是缘于偷兰难陀比丘尼。是在什么事由中呢?偷兰难陀比丘尼追随那个被和合僧团依法举罪、以前做过杀鹫者的阿利吒比丘;就是在这个事由中制定的。有一项根本制定。在六种罪的生起方式中,它由一种生起方式而生起——在放弃责任时……巴利
Yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā pārājikaṃ kattha paññattanti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññattaṃ. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ ariṭṭhaṃ bhikkhuṃ gaddhabādhipubbaṃ anuvatti, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
关于具足第八件事为缘而制定的波罗夷,是在哪里制定的呢?是在舍卫城制定的。是缘于何人呢?是缘于六群比丘尼们。是在什么事由中呢?六群比丘尼们具足了第八件事;就是在这个事由中制定的。有一项根本制定。在六种罪的生起方式中,它由一种生起方式而生起——在放弃责任时……巴利
Aṭṭhamaṃ vatthuṃ paripūraṇapaccayā pārājikaṃ kattha paññattanti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññattaṃ. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo aṭṭhamaṃ vatthuṃ paripūresuṃ, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
2. 僧残篇等巴利
2. Saṅghādisesakaṇḍādi
248 那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉的世尊,为诉讼比丘尼因进行诉讼而制定的这条僧残,是在哪里制定的?缘于何人?在什么事由中……(中略)……由谁传承而来?巴利
Yaṃ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ussayavādikāya bhikkhuniyā aḍḍaṃ karaṇapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññatto? Kaṃ ārabbha? Kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ…pe… kenābhatanti?
那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉的世尊,为诉讼比丘尼因进行诉讼而制定的这条僧残,是在哪里制定的呢?在舍卫城制定。缘于何人呢?缘于偷兰难陀比丘尼。在什么事由中呢?偷兰难陀比丘尼从事诉讼;就是在这个事由中制定的。那里有根本制定、随制、未发随制吗?有一项根本制定。那里没有随制,也没有未发随制。是一切处制定,还是部分处制定呢?是一切处制定。是共通制定,还是不共通制定呢?是不共通制定。是一方制定,还是两方制定呢?是一方制定。在四种巴帝摩卡诵出中,它归入哪一诵、含摄在哪一诵呢?归入序分,含摄在序分。通过第几诵而诵出呢?通过第三诵而诵出。在四种违犯中,属于哪一种违犯呢?属于戒的违犯。在七种罪聚中,属于哪一种罪聚呢?属于僧残罪聚。在六种罪的生起方式中,它由几种生起方式而生起呢?由两种生起方式而生起——或从身与语生起,不从心生起;或从身、语与心生起……(中略)……由谁传承而来呢?由师徒次第传承。巴利
Yaṃ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ussayavādikāya bhikkhuniyā aḍḍaṃ karaṇapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti ? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti ? Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Thullanandā bhikkhunī ussayavādikā vihari, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Atthi tattha paññatti, anupaññatti, anuppannapaññattīti? Ekā paññatti. Anupaññatti anuppannapaññatti tasmiṃ natthi. Sabbatthapaññatti, padesapaññattīti? Sabbatthapaññatti. Sādhāraṇapaññatti, asādhāraṇapaññattīti? Asādhāraṇapaññatti. Ekatopaññatti, ubhatopaññattīti? Ekatopaññatti. Catunnaṃ pātimokkhuddesānaṃ katthogadhaṃ kattha pariyāpannanti? Nidānogadhaṃ nidānapariyāpannaṃ. Katamena uddesena uddesaṃ āgacchatīti? Tatiyena uddesena uddesaṃ āgacchati. Catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ katamā vipattīti? Sīlavipatti. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katamo āpattikkhandhoti? Saṅghādisesāpattikkhandho. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhātīti? Dvīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhāti – siyā kāyato ca vācato ca samuṭṭhāti, na cittato; siyā kāyato ca vācato cittato ca samuṭṭhāti…pe… kenābhatanti? Paramparābhataṃ –
优波离和陀娑迦,首那迦和悉伽瓦也是这样;
第五是目犍连子帝须,这些尊者在瞻部洲。……(中略)……
这些大龙象们,具有大智慧,精通律藏,熟知教法的行道;
他们在岛上弘扬了律藏,即铜鍱的藏经。巴利
Upāli dāsako ceva, soṇako siggavo tathā; Moggaliputtena pañcamā, ete jambusirivhaye. …pe…; Ete nāgā mahāpaññā, vinayaññū maggakovidā; Vinayaṃ dīpe pakāsesuṃ, piṭakaṃ tambapaṇṇiyāti.
为处理令贼女出家而制定的这条僧残,在何处制定呢?在舍卫城制定。缘于何人呢?缘于偷兰难陀比丘尼。在何事件中呢?偷兰难陀比丘尼令一个贼女出家,就是在这件事上制定的。只有一条根本制。在六种罪生起中,它从两种生起中生起——有的从语与心生起,不从身生起;有的从身、语与心生起……(中略)……巴利
Coriṃ vuṭṭhāpanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Thullanandā bhikkhunī coriṃ vuṭṭhāpesi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ dvīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhāti – siyā vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhāti, na kāyato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhāti…pe….
为处理独自前往村落之间而制定的这条僧残,在何处制定呢?在舍卫城制定。缘于何人呢?缘于某位比丘尼。在何事件中呢?某位比丘尼独自前往村落之间,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条根本制,三条随制。在六种罪生起中,它从一种生起中生起——如同第一波罗夷中所说的那样……(中略)……巴利
Ekā gāmantaraṃ gamanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Aññataraṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Aññatarā bhikkhunī ekā gāmantaraṃ gacchi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti, tisso anupaññattiyo. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – paṭhamapārājike…pe….
被和合僧团依法、依律、依大师教诫举罪摈出的比丘尼,不先征得执行僧团的同意,也不了解该僧团的情况,就为了接纳的目的而迎合一群人的意欲——这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于偷兰难陀比丘尼。在什么事情上?偷兰难陀比丘尼在被和合僧团依法、依律、依大师教诫举罪摈出的比丘尼一事上,不先征得执行僧团的同意,也不了解该僧团的情况,就为接纳的目的而迎合了一群人的意欲,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由一种发生方式而发生——即懈怠(放弃学处)……。巴利
Samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ bhikkhuniṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāraṇapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Thullanandā bhikkhunī samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ bhikkhuniṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāresi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
有染心的比丘尼,用自己的手从有染心的男子手中接过嚼食或含食而食用——这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于孙达莉难陀比丘尼。在什么事情上?孙达莉难陀比丘尼有染心,她从有染心的男子手中接过了食物,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由一种发生方式而发生——(如)第一波罗夷……。巴利
Avassutāya bhikkhuniyā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā bhuñjanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Sundarīnandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Sundarīnandā bhikkhunī avassutā avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato āmisaṃ paṭiggahesi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – paṭhamapārājike…pe….
“贤友,那个男子不管有染心还是无染心,能拿你怎么样呢?反正你又没有染心!喏,贤友,那个男子给你什么嚼食或含食,你就自己用手接过来,吃吧,喝吧”——以这样教唆的方式,导致这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于某位比丘尼。在什么事情上?某位比丘尼这样教唆说:“贤友,那个男子不管有染心还是无染心,能拿你怎么样呢?反正你又没有染心!喏,贤友,那个男子给你什么嚼食或含食,你就自己用手接过来,吃吧,喝吧”,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由三种发生方式而发生……。巴利
‘‘Kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā, yato tvaṃ anavassutā! Iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti uyyojanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Aññataraṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Aññatarā bhikkhunī – ‘‘kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā, yato tvaṃ anavassutā! Iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti uyyojesi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhāti…pe….
一位比丘尼心生恼怒、不满,经过直到第三次的劝告仍然不肯放弃——这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于旃陀迦利比丘尼。在什么事情上?旃陀迦利比丘尼心生恼怒、不满,这样说道:“我宣布放弃佛,我宣布放弃法,我宣布放弃僧,我宣布放弃学处”,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由一种发生方式而发生——即懈怠(放弃学处)……。巴利
Kupitāya anattamanāya bhikkhuniyā yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṃ avaca – ‘‘buddhaṃ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṃ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṃ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṃ paccācikkhāmī’’ti, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ . Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
在某种争端中被驳回的比丘尼,心生恼怒、不满,经过直到第三次的劝告仍然不肯放弃——这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于旃陀迦利比丘尼。在什么事情上?旃陀迦利比丘尼在某种争端中被驳回后,心生恼怒、不满,这样说道:“那些比丘尼是受贪欲驱使行事的,那些比丘尼是受嗔怒驱使行事的,那些比丘尼是受愚痴驱使行事的,那些比丘尼是受恐惧驱使行事的”,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由一种发生方式而发生——即懈怠(放弃学处)……。巴利
Kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatāya bhikkhuniyā yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā kupitā anattamanā evaṃ avaca – ‘‘chandagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, dosagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, mohagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo, bhayagāminiyo ca bhikkhuniyo’’ti, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
一些比丘尼杂处而住,经过直到第三次的劝告仍然不肯放弃——这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于众多比丘尼。在什么事情上?众多比丘尼杂处而住,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由一种发生方式而发生——即懈怠(放弃学处)……。巴利
Saṃsaṭṭhānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Sambahulā bhikkhuniyo ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Sambahulā bhikkhuniyo saṃsaṭṭhā vihariṃsu, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
一位比丘尼这样教唆说:“贤友们,你们就杂处而住吧。你们不要分开住”——经过直到第三次的劝告,她仍然不肯放弃——这条僧残学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于偷兰难陀比丘尼。在什么事情上?偷兰难陀比丘尼这样教唆说:“贤友们,你们就杂处而住吧。你们不要分开住”,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由一种发生方式而发生——即懈怠(放弃学处)……。巴利
‘‘Saṃsaṭṭhā , ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tumhe nānā viharitthā’’ti uyyojentiyā yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā saṅghādiseso kattha paññattoti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññatto. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye, tumhe viharatha. Mā tamhe nānā viharitthā’’ti uyyojesi, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti – dhuranikkhepe…pe….
乞求乳酪而食用——这条应悔过学处是在哪里制定的?是在舍卫城制定的。缘于哪个人?缘于六群比丘尼。在什么事情上?六群比丘尼乞求乳酪而食用,就是在这件事上制定的。有一条根本学处,一条附属学处。在六种罪的发生方式中,由四种发生方式而发生……。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā pāṭidesanīyaṃ kattha paññattanti? Sāvatthiyaṃ paññattaṃ. Kaṃ ārabbhāti? Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ārabbha. Kismiṃ vatthusminti? Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjiṃsu, tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ. Ekā paññatti, ekā anupaññatti. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ catūhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhāti…pe… .
1. 波罗夷篇巴利
1. Pārājikakaṇḍaṃ
249 由于接受身体接触,犯多少种罪?由于接受身体接触,犯五种罪。爱欲的比丘尼接受爱欲男子在锁骨以下、膝盖以上的捉拿,犯波罗夷罪;比丘以身体触摸身体,犯僧残罪;以身体触摸与身体相连之物,犯土喇咤亚罪;以与身体相连之物触摸与身体相连之物,犯恶作罪;用指头弹触的,犯波逸提罪——由于接受身体接触,犯此五种罪。巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati. Avassutā bhikkhunī avassutassa purisapuggalassa adhakkhakaṃ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ gahaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassa; bhikkhu kāyena kāyaṃ āmasati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa; kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa; kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa; aṅgulipatodake pācittiyaṃ – kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā imā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.
由于隐瞒过失,犯多少种罪?由于隐瞒过失,犯四种罪。比丘尼知道后隐瞒波罗夷法,犯波罗夷罪;怀疑而隐瞒,犯土喇咤亚罪;比丘隐瞒僧残罪,犯波逸提罪;隐瞒行为败坏,犯恶作罪——由于隐瞒过失,犯此四种罪。巴利
Vajjappaṭicchādanapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Vajjappaṭicchādanapaccayā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhikkhunī jānaṃ pārājikaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pārājikassa; vematikā paṭicchādeti, āpatti thullaccayassa; bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṃ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pācittiyassa; ācāravipattiṃ paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa – vajjappaṭicchādanapaccayā imā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati.
由于在三次劝告后仍不放弃,犯多少种罪?由于在三次劝告后仍不放弃,犯五种罪。追随被举罪的比丘尼在三次劝告后仍不放弃,动议时犯恶作罪;两番羯磨语时犯土喇咤亚罪;羯磨语结束时犯波罗夷罪;追随破僧者的比丘尼在三次劝告后仍不放弃,犯僧残罪;由于邪恶邪见,在三次劝告后仍不放弃,犯波逸提罪——由于在三次劝告后仍不放弃,犯此五种罪。巴利
Yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati. Ukkhittānuvattikā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjati, ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti pārājikassa; bhedakānuvattikā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa; pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa – yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā imā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.
由于圆满完成第八事,犯多少种罪?由于圆满完成第八事,犯三种罪。被男人说“到某处来”而前往,犯恶作罪;一进入男人的伸手可及范围,犯土喇咤亚罪;圆满完成了第八事,犯波罗夷罪——由于圆满完成第八事,犯此三种罪。巴利
Aṭṭhamaṃ vatthuṃ paripūraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Aṭṭhamaṃ vatthuṃ paripūraṇapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Purisena – ‘‘itthannāmaṃ okāsaṃ āgacchā’’ti vuttā gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa; purisassa hatthapāsaṃ okkantamatte āpatti thullaccayassa; aṭṭhamaṃ vatthuṃ paripūreti, āpatti pārājikassa – aṭṭhamaṃ vatthuṃ paripūraṇapaccayā imā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.
2. 僧残篇等巴利
2. Saṅghādisesakaṇḍādi
250 好争论的比丘尼作裁断,犯三种罪。告诉一人,犯恶作罪;告诉第二人,犯土喇咤亚罪;裁断完成时,犯僧残罪。巴利
Ussayavādikā bhikkhunī aḍḍaṃ karaṇapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ekassa āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; dutiyassa āroceti, āpatti thullaccayassa; aḍḍapariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
令盗贼女出家,犯三种罪。动议时犯恶作罪;两番羯磨语时犯土喇咤亚罪;羯磨语结束时犯僧残罪。巴利
Coriṃ vuṭṭhāpanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
单独一人到村庄去,犯三种罪。走去时,犯恶作罪;第一只脚越过界围,犯土喇咤亚罪;第二只脚越过,犯僧残罪。巴利
Ekā gāmantaraṃ gamanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa; paṭhamaṃ pādaṃ parikkhepaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti thullaccayassa; dutiyaṃ pādaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
被和合僧团依法、如律、依导师教诫而举罪的比丘尼,未请许行事僧团,又不了解僧团之意,而随顺大众之意令其恢复,犯三种罪。动议时犯恶作罪;两番羯磨语时犯土喇咤亚罪;羯磨语结束时犯僧残罪。巴利
Samaggena saṅghena ukkhittaṃ bhikkhuniṃ dhammena vinayena satthusāsanena anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāraṇapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
有欲心的比丘尼,从有欲心的男子手中,亲手接受硬食或软食而食用,因此犯三种罪。心想“我要吃,我要嚼”而接受时,犯土喇咤亚;每一口吞咽,犯僧残;接受水和齿木,犯恶作。巴利
Avassutā bhikkhunī avassutassa purisapuggalassa hatthato khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sahatthā paṭiggahetvā bhuñjanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. ‘‘Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti thullaccayassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti saṅghādisesassa; udakadantaponaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
“尊者,那男子有欲心或无欲心与您何干?您是无欲心的啊!来,尊者,那男子给您的硬食或软食,您就亲手接受并吃了吧。”如此教唆,因此犯三种罪。由于她的话,受教唆者心生“我要吃”而接受,犯恶作;每一口吞咽,犯土喇咤亚;食毕,犯僧残。巴利
‘‘Kiṃ te, ayye, eso purisapuggalo karissati avassuto vā anavassuto vā, yato tvaṃ anavassutā! Iṅgha, ayye, yaṃ te eso purisapuggalo deti khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā taṃ tvaṃ sahatthā paṭiggahetvā khāda vā bhuñja vā’’ti, uyyojanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Tassā vacanena khādissāmi bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti thullaccayassa; bhojanapariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
愤怒的比丘尼,被如法劝谏至第三次仍不舍弃,因此犯三种罪。在动议时犯恶作;在两次羯磨语后犯土喇咤亚;在羯磨语结束时犯僧残。巴利
Kupitā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
在某种诤事中被谴责的比丘尼,被如法劝谏至第三次仍不舍弃,因此犯三种罪。在动议时犯恶作;在两次羯磨语后犯土喇咤亚;在羯磨语结束时犯僧残。巴利
Kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
与在家人交好的比丘尼,被如法劝谏至第三次仍不舍弃,因此犯三种罪。在动议时犯恶作;在两次羯磨语后犯土喇咤亚;在羯磨语结束时犯僧残。巴利
Saṃsaṭṭhā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
劝谏说:“尊者,你们就住在一起吧,不要分开住。”如此教唆者,被如法劝谏至第三次仍不舍弃,因此犯三种罪。在动议时犯恶作;在两次羯磨语后犯土喇咤亚;在羯磨语结束时犯僧残。巴利
‘‘Saṃsaṭṭhāva, ayye, tumhe viharatha, mā tumhe nānā viharitthā’’ti uyyojentī yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ; dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā; kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
(如同前面所述那样详细展开,只是制戒的因缘不同。)巴利
(Yathā heṭṭhā tathā vitthāretabbā paccayameva nānākaraṇaṃ)
因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,会犯下多少条罪?因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,会犯下两条罪。心里想着“我要吃”而接受食物,犯一条恶作;每吞咽一口,犯一条应悔过。这就是因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了所犯下的两条罪。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa – dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā imā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.
251 因为接受了身体接触,这些罪在四种犯行中,属于哪几种犯行?因为接受了身体接触,这些罪在四种犯行中,属于两种犯行——可能属于戒的犯行,也可能属于仪轨的犯行……(中略)……因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪在四种犯行中,属于哪几种犯行?因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪在四种犯行中,只属于一种犯行——即仪轨的犯行。巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ, siyā ācāravipattiṃ…pe… dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ ekaṃ vipattiṃ bhajanti – ācāravipattiṃ.
252 因为接受了身体接触,这些罪在七种罪聚中,被哪几种罪聚所涵盖?因为接受了身体接触,这些罪在七种罪聚中,被五种罪聚所涵盖——可能被波罗夷罪聚涵盖,可能被僧残罪聚涵盖,可能被土喇咤亚罪聚涵盖,可能被波逸提罪聚涵盖,可能被恶作罪聚涵盖……(中略)……巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ pañcahi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena…pe….
因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪在七种罪聚中,被哪几种罪聚所涵盖?因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪在七种罪聚中,被两种罪聚所涵盖——可能被应悔过罪聚涵盖,可能被恶作罪聚涵盖。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pāṭidesanīyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.
5. 生起分巴利
5. Samuṭṭhānavāro
253 因为接受了身体接触,这些罪从六种罪的生起方式来看,是由哪几种生起方式生起的?因为接受了身体接触,这些罪从六种罪的生起方式来看,是由一种生起方式生起的——由身与心生起,不是由语生起……(中略)……巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti – kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti, na vācato…pe….
因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪从六种罪的生起方式来看,是由哪几种生起方式生起的?因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪从六种罪的生起方式来看,是由四种生起方式生起的——可能由身生起,不是由语、也不是由心生起;可能由身与语生起,不是由心生起;可能由身与心生起,不是由语生起;可能由身、语与心一同生起。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ catūhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti – siyā kāyato samuṭṭhanti, na vācato na cittato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca samuṭṭhanti, na cittato; siyā kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti, na vācato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti.
6. 诤事分巴利
6. Adhikaraṇavāro
254 因为接受了身体接触,这些罪在四种诤事中,属于哪一种诤事?因为接受了身体接触,这些罪在四种诤事中,属于罪的诤事……(中略)……巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ…pe….
因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪在四种诤事中,属于哪一种诤事?因为主动要求了乳酪然后吃了,这些罪在四种诤事中,属于罪的诤事。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ – āpattādhikaraṇaṃ.
255 因接受身体接触的罪,通过七种灭诤法之中的几种得以灭除?因接受身体接触的罪,通过七种灭诤法之中的三种得以灭除——有时是通过现前毗尼与坦诚承担来处理,有时是通过现前毗尼与如如草覆地般掩埋来处理……(中略)……巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca…pe….
因乞求乳酪而食用的罪,通过七种灭诤法之中的几种得以灭除?因乞求乳酪而食用的罪,通过七种灭诤法之中的三种得以灭除——有时是通过现前毗尼与坦诚承担来处理,有时是通过现前毗尼与如如草覆地般掩埋来处理。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā āpattiyo sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
256 因接受身体接触,会造成多少种罪?因接受身体接触,会造成五种罪。比丘尼生起欲心,接受有欲心男子在锁骨以下、膝盖以上部位的触摸,犯波罗夷罪;比丘以身体触碰身体,犯僧残罪;以身体触碰与身体相连之物,犯土喇咤亚罪;以与身体相连之物触碰与身体相连之物,犯恶作罪;用手指轻触,犯波逸提罪——因接受身体接触,会造下这五种罪。巴利
Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati. Avassutā bhikkhunī avassutassa purisapuggalassa adhakkhakaṃ ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ gahaṇaṃ sādiyati, āpatti pārājikassa; bhikkhu kāyena kāyaṃ āmasati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa; kāyena kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ āmasati, āpatti thullaccayassa ; kāyapaṭibaddhena kāyapaṭibaddhaṃ āmasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa; aṅgulipatodake pācittiyaṃ – kāyasaṃsaggaṃ sādiyanapaccayā imā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.
这些罪属于四种过失中的几种?被七种罪聚中的几种所摄?从六种罪之生起方式中的几种生起?属于四种诤事中的哪一种?通过七种灭诤法中的几种得以灭除?这些罪属于四种过失中的两种——有时属于戒行过失,有时属于行仪过失。被七种罪聚中的五种所摄——有时属于波罗夷罪聚,有时属于僧残罪聚,有时属于土喇咤亚罪聚,有时属于波逸提罪聚,有时属于恶作罪聚。从六种罪之生起方式中的一种生起——由身与心生起,不由语生起。属于四种诤事中的罪案诤事。通过七种灭诤法中的三种得以灭除——有时是通过现前毗尼与坦诚承担来处理,有时是通过现前毗尼与如如草覆地般掩埋来处理……(中略)……巴利
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ? Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ dve vipattiyo bhajanti – siyā sīlavipattiṃ, siyā ācāravipattiṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ pañcahi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti – kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti, na vācato. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca…pe….
因乞求乳酪而食用,会造成多少种罪?因乞求乳酪而食用,会造成两种罪。心想“我要吃了”而接受,犯恶作罪;每一口吞咽,犯应悔过罪——因乞求乳酪而食用,会造下这两种罪。巴利
Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati? Dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā dve āpattiyo āpajjati. Bhuñjissāmīti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa; ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pāṭidesanīyassa – dadhiṃ viññāpetvā bhuñjanapaccayā imā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.
这些罪属于四种过失中的几种?被七种罪聚中的几种所摄?从六种罪之生起方式中的几种生起?属于四种诤事中的哪一种?通过七种灭诤法中的几种得以灭除?这些罪属于四种过失中的一种——行仪过失。被七种罪聚中的两种所摄——有时属于应悔过罪聚,有时属于恶作罪聚。从六种罪之生起方式中的四种生起——有时由身生起,不由语、不由心生起;有时由身与语生起,不由心生起;有时由身与心生起,不由语生起;有时由身、语、心生起。属于四种诤事中的罪案诤事。通过七种灭诤法中的三种得以灭除——有时是通过现前毗尼与坦诚承担来处理,有时是通过现前毗尼与如如草覆地般掩埋来处理。巴利
Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ kati vipattiyo bhajanti? Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā? Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti? Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ katamaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ ? Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ katihi samathehi sammanti? Tā āpattiyo catunnaṃ vipattīnaṃ ekaṃ vipattiṃ bhajanti – ācāravipattiṃ. Sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā – siyā pāṭidesanīyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena. Channaṃ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṃ catūhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti – siyā kāyato samuṭṭhanti, na vācato na cittato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca samuṭṭhanti, na cittato; siyā kāyato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti na vācato; siyā kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ. Sattannaṃ samathānaṃ tīhi samathehi sammanti – siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena cāti.
━━ 归纳讲解,仅供参考 ━━
事件 这部经并非叙述单一故事,而是对整部律藏进行的系统化“法律梳理”。它以自问自答的形式,剖析了从波罗夷(波罗夷)到应学法(众学法)等每一条根本学处的“立法档案”。核心在于追溯每一项戒条背后的“立法事实”:世尊在何处,因何人何事而制,该戒是普遍适用还是局部适用,罪行的生起方式、性质归属以及灭除方法,从而将看似分散的戒条,统合在一套精密的分析框架下。
经文摘要 以“世尊为何制戒”为起点(A),对每条戒的制定地点、缘起人、事件、罪相、归属、灭除方式进行一一剖析(B),最终归纳不同罪缘所涉罪相的整体差异(C)。
中心思想(白话 + 重点拆解) 这篇经文的核心,是教我们如何看懂佛陀制戒背后的“底层逻辑”,而不仅仅是死记硬背每条戒律。
它首先展示了一个强大的分析框架,对于每一条戒,都反复追问同一个模式: “在何处制定?缘于何人?在何事件中?”这就像查看一部法律的立法档案,必须还原当时的具体情境。比如第一波罗夷,就是因为在毗舍离,苏甸那咖喇达子这个比丘和旧妻发生了不净行才制定的。紧接着,经文中一个反复出现的辨析是关键:“是一切处制定还是部分制定?是共通制定还是不共通制定?”这引出一个深刻的原则:戒律不是一刀切。
→ 拆开看: “一切处”指对全体比丘无差别适用,“部分处”指因地因人而有开遮。这就解释了为什么有些戒律看起来对某些人严格、对另一些人宽松,并非不平等,而是基于当时缘起,其适用范围本身就是“不共通”的。
进一步,经文把每个行为拆解到最精微的层面,分析罪行是怎么“生起”的:是从身、从语,还是从心?还是其中两者的组合?乃至三者的组合?比如杀人戒,可能由“身与心”生起(亲自动手),或由“语与心”生起(下命令),或“身、语与心”具足。
→ 拆开看: 这是在确认构成犯戒的完整条件。戒律学的精妙不在于看结果,而在于看清行为发动的那一刻,身、语、意三门是如何共同作用的。这决定了罪行的严重程度和类别,是波罗夷,还是恶作。
→ 一句话要旨: 这部经不是故事书,而是教我们一套透视戒律的X光机,从缘起、适用范围到心理动因,看穿每一条规矩背后那条严密的逻辑链条。
关键术语锚 - pātimokkha→巴帝摩卡/巴帝摩卡 | sikkhāpada→学处
- 易错点: 非“戒条”本身,而是指向“戒条的规定”与“别解脱律仪”。经中严格区分“制定(是巴帝摩卡)”与“分别(是上巴帝摩卡)”。
- kamma→业/羯磨 | āpatti→罪/犯
- 易错点: “羯磨”(kamma)在戒律语境中特指“僧团裁决程序”,而非通泛的“业力”。经文在此大量分析“罪聚”(āpattikkhandha,罪的种类),而非哲学上的业力。
- vītikkama→生起(罪)/犯
- 易错点: 非单纯“行为发生”,而是指“具备了所有犯戒条件的越轨行为”,如何从身、语、意几种门中生起(uppajjati)。这是判断罪是否成立的关键。
- sanghādisesa→僧伽婆尸沙/桑喀地谢萨
- 易错点: 非常见的音译,意为“僧团中起初、残余的罪”,指需由僧团会议(二十人僧)方可处理的严重罪。经中详析了十三条桑喀地谢萨的制定缘起。
- vinaya→律 | anuloma-vinaya→随律
- 易错点: “律”是佛所制条文,“随律”是根据制戒精神进行的类推性判释。这不仅关乎法规,更是“以法护法”的精神体现。
- attha→义利
- 易错点: 经文反复提及世尊制戒的“十种义利”,这里的“attha”意为“目的、利益、意义”,不是抽象的“法义”,而是“为了僧团的安乐、折伏恶人、令正法久住”等具体现实价值。
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