1. 第一住经
1. Paṭhamavihārasuttaṃ
11舍卫城缘起。
“诸比丘,我欲独处半月。除一位送食者外,任何人不得前来见我。”
“好的,尊者。”比丘们这样应诺世尊后,果然没有谁去见世尊,唯除那位送食者。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Icchāmahaṃ, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāsaṃ paṭisalliyituṃ. Namhi kenaci upasaṅkamitabbo, aññatra ekena piṇḍapātanīhārakenā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā nāssudha koci bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamati, aññatra ekena piṇḍapātanīhārakena.
那时,半月过后,世尊从独处中出,告诉诸比丘:“诸比丘,我以初正觉时所住的分而住。我如此了知:‘以邪见为缘,也有感受;以正见为缘,也有感受……(中略)……以邪定为缘,也有感受;以正定为缘,也有感受;以欲为缘,也有感受;以寻为缘,也有感受;以想为缘,也有感受;欲未寂止、寻未寂止、想未寂止时,由此而生感受;欲已寂止、寻已寂止、想已寂止时,由此而生感受;为未得之得而精勤,当尚未到达时,由此而生感受。’”
第一经。
Atha kho bhagavā tassa aḍḍhamāsassa accayena paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yena svāhaṃ, bhikkhave, vihārena paṭhamābhisambuddho viharāmi, tassa padesena vihāsiṃ. So evaṃ pajānāmi – ‘micchādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; sammādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ…pe… micchāsamādhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; sammāsamādhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chandapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; vitakkapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; saññāpaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chando ca avūpasanto hoti, vitakko ca avūpasanto hoti, saññā ca avūpasantā hoti, tappaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chando ca vūpasanto hoti, vitakko ca vūpasanto hoti, saññā ca vūpasantā hoti, tappaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; appattassa pattiyā atthi āyāmaṃ , tasmimpi ṭhāne anuppatte tappaccayāpi vedayita’’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2. 第二住经
2. Dutiyavihārasuttaṃ
12舍卫城因缘。
“比丘们,我欲静居三月。除了一位送食者,任何人不得前来见我。”
“是的,尊者。”那些比丘应答世尊后,果然除了一位送食者,无人前来谒见世尊。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Icchāmahaṃ, bhikkhave, temāsaṃ paṭisalliyituṃ. Namhi kenaci upasaṅkamitabbo, aññatra ekena piṇḍapātanīhārakenā’’ti . ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā nāssudha koci bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamati, aññatra ekena piṇḍapātanīhārakena.
那时,三月过后,世尊从静居出定,告诉比丘们:
“比丘们,我曾依初成正觉时安住的法住之一分而住。我如此了知:
‘以邪见为缘也会有感受,以邪见息灭为缘也会有感受;
以正见为缘也会有感受,以正见息灭为缘也会有感受;
……
以邪定为缘也会有感受,以邪定息灭为缘也会有感受;
以正定为缘也会有感受,以正定息灭为缘也会有感受;
以欲为缘也会有感受,以欲息灭为缘也会有感受;
以寻为缘也会有感受,以寻息灭为缘也会有感受;
以想为缘也会有感受,以想息灭为缘也会有感受。
欲未息灭、寻未息灭、想未息灭时,由此会生起感受;
欲已息灭、寻已息灭、想已息灭时,由此也会生起感受。
为证得尚未证得者而精勤,当尚未证得时,由此也会生起感受。’”第二经。
Atha kho bhagavā tassa temāsassa accayena paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘yena svāhaṃ, bhikkhave, vihārena paṭhamābhisambuddho viharāmi, tassa padesena vihāsiṃ. So evaṃ pajānāmi – ‘micchādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; micchādiṭṭhivūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; sammādiṭṭhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; sammādiṭṭhivūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ…pe… micchāsamādhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; micchāsamādhivūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ, sammāsamādhipaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; sammāsamādhivūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chandapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chandavūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; vitakkapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; vitakkavūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; saññāpaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; saññāvūpasamapaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chando ca avūpasanto hoti, vitakko ca avūpasanto hoti, saññā ca avūpasantā hoti, tappaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; chando ca vūpasanto hoti , vitakko ca vūpasanto hoti, saññā ca vūpasantā hoti, tappaccayāpi vedayitaṃ; appattassa pattiyā atthi āyāmaṃ , tasmimpi ṭhāne anuppatte tappaccayāpi vedayita’’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.
13舍卫城因缘。那时,有一位比丘来到世尊那里……(中略)……坐在一旁后,对世尊这样说:
“尊者,人们常说‘有学,有学’,要做到什么程度才算是‘有学’呢?”
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘sekkho, sekkho’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sekkho hotī’’ti?
“比丘,于此,他成就了有学的正见……(中略)……成就了有学的正定。比丘,达到这个程度,便名为有学。”
第三经。
‘‘Idha, bhikkhu, sekkhāya sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato hoti…pe… sekkhena sammāsamādhinā samannāgato hoti. Ettāvatā kho, bhikkhu, sekkho hotī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. 第一生起经
4. Paṭhamauppādasuttaṃ
14舍卫城因缘。
“诸比丘,有八种法,修习、多修习时,未生的便会生起,而这唯有在如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世时才会如此。是哪八种呢?即:正见……(中略)……正定。诸比丘,这八种法,修习、多修习时,未生的便会生起,唯有如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世时,才会如此。”第四经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Katame aṭṭha? Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
5. 第二生起经
5. Dutiyauppādasuttaṃ
15舍卫城因缘。
“诸比丘,这八种法,修习、多修习时,未生的便会生起,而这唯在善逝的教法中才会如此。是哪八种呢?即:正见……(中略)……正定。诸比丘,这八种法,修习、多修习时,未生的便会生起,唯在善逝的教法中才会如此。”第五经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra sugatavinayā. Katame aṭṭha? Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi . Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dhammā bhāvitā bahulīkatā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra sugatavinayā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. 第一清净经
6. Paṭhamaparisuddhasuttaṃ
16在舍卫城。“诸比丘,这八种法清净、洁白、无垢,远离随烦恼;未生起的便得以生起,而如此生起,唯有在如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世时才有,而非其他时候。哪八种呢?即:正见……(中略)……正定。诸比丘,这八种法清净、洁白、无垢,远离随烦恼;未生起的便得以生起,而如此生起,唯有在如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世时才有,而非其他时候。” 第六经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, dhammā parisuddhā pariyodātā anaṅgaṇā vigatūpakkilesā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Katame aṭṭha? Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dhammā parisuddhā pariyodātā anaṅgaṇā vigatūpakkilesā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra tathāgatassa pātubhāvā arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. 第二清净经
7. Dutiyaparisuddhasuttaṃ
17舍卫城因缘。“诸比丘,有八种法清净、洁白、无垢、远离随烦恼,未生起时,唯于善逝之律中能生起,不在别处。哪八种?即:正见……(中略)……正定。诸比丘,这八种法清净、洁白、无垢、远离随烦恼,未生起时,唯于善逝之律中能生起,不在别处。”第七经。
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, dhammā parisuddhā pariyodātā anaṅgaṇā vigatūpakkilesā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra sugatavinayā. Katame aṭṭha? Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha dhammā parisuddhā pariyodātā anaṅgaṇā vigatūpakkilesā anuppannā uppajjanti, nāññatra sugatavinayā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
8. 第一鸡园经
8. Paṭhamakukkuṭārāmasuttaṃ
18如是我闻:一时,具寿阿难与具寿跋陀住在华氏城的鸡园寺。那时,具寿跋陀于傍晚时分,从独处禅修中起身,来到具寿阿难处。到后,与具寿阿难互相问候,交谈了一些悦意、可忆念的话语,然后退坐一面。退坐一面的具寿跋陀对具寿阿难这样说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca ānando āyasmā ca bhaddo pāṭaliputte viharanti kukkuṭārāme. Atha kho āyasmā bhaddo sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā bhaddo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca –
“贤友阿难,‘非梵行、非梵行’被这样说。贤友,到底什么是非梵行呢?”
“善哉,善哉,贤友跋陀!贤友跋陀,你的思惟善妙,辩才善妙,所问甚善。你正是这样问的:‘贤友阿难,“非梵行、非梵行”被这样说。贤友,到底什么是非梵行呢?’”
“是的,贤友。”
“贤友,这八支邪道本身就是非梵行,即:邪见……(中略)……邪定。”
第八经。
‘‘‘Abrahmacariyaṃ, abrahmacariya’nti, āvuso ānanda, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, abrahmacariya’’nti? ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, āvuso bhadda! Bhaddako kho te, āvuso bhadda, ummaṅgo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, āvuso bhadda, pucchasi – ‘abrahmacariyaṃ, abrahmacariyanti, āvuso ānanda, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, abrahmacariya’’’nti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Ayameva kho , āvuso, aṭṭhaṅgiko micchāmaggo abrahmacariyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – micchādiṭṭhi…pe… micchāsamādhī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. 第二鸡园经
9. Dutiyakukkuṭārāmasuttaṃ
19华氏城因缘。
“贤友阿难,‘梵行、梵行’被这样说。贤友,什么是梵行?什么是梵行的终极?”
“善哉,善哉,贤友跋陀!贤友跋陀,你的思惟善妙,辩才善妙,所问甚善。你正是这样问的:‘贤友阿难,“梵行、梵行”被这样说。贤友,什么是梵行?什么是梵行的终极?’”
“是的,贤友。”
“贤友,这圣八支道就是梵行,即:正见……(中略)……正定。贤友,贪的灭尽、嗔的灭尽、痴的灭尽——这就是梵行的终极。”
第九经。
Pāṭaliputtanidānaṃ. ‘‘‘Brahmacariyaṃ, brahmacariya’nti, āvuso ānanda, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, brahmacariyaṃ, katamaṃ brahmacariyapariyosāna’’nti? ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, āvuso bhadda! Bhaddako kho te, āvuso bhadda, ummaṅgo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, āvuso bhadda, pucchasi – ‘brahmacariyaṃ, brahmacariyanti, āvuso ānanda, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso , brahmacariyaṃ, katamaṃ brahmacariyapariyosāna’’’nti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Ayameva kho, āvuso, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo brahmacariyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Yo kho, āvuso, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo – idaṃ brahmacariyapariyosāna’’nti. Navamaṃ.
10. 第三鸡园经
10. Tatiyakukkuṭārāmasuttaṃ
20华氏城因缘。“贤友阿难,常听到‘梵行、梵行’的说法。贤友,什么是梵行?谁是梵行者?什么是梵行的究竟?”“善哉!善哉!贤友跋陀!贤友跋陀,你的思路很好,辩才很好,提问也很好。你正是这样问的:‘贤友阿难,常听到“梵行、梵行”的说法。贤友,什么是梵行?谁是梵行者?什么是梵行的究竟?’”“是的,贤友。”“贤友,此圣八支道即是梵行,也就是:正见……(中略)……正定。贤友,凡是具足此圣八支道的人,便称为梵行者。贤友,贪的灭尽、嗔的灭尽、痴的灭尽,这就是梵行的究竟。”第十经。
Pāṭaliputtanidānaṃ. ‘‘‘Brahmacariyaṃ, brahmacariya’nti, āvuso ānanda, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, brahmacariyaṃ, katamo brahmacārī, katamaṃ brahmacariyapariyosāna’’nti? ‘‘Sādhu sādhu, āvuso bhadda! Bhaddako kho te, āvuso bhadda, ummaṅgo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, āvuso bhadda, pucchasi – ‘brahmacariyaṃ, brahmacariyanti, āvuso ānanda, vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho, āvuso, brahmacariyaṃ, katamo brahmacārī, katamaṃ brahmacariyapariyosāna’’’nti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Ayameva kho, āvuso, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo brahmacariyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Yo kho, āvuso, iminā ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena samannāgato – ayaṃ vuccati brahmacārī. Yo kho, āvuso, rāgakkhayo dosakkhayo mohakkhayo – idaṃ brahmacariyapariyosāna’’nti. Dasamaṃ.
以上三经出自同一因缘。住品第二。
Tīṇi suttantāni ekanidānāni.Vihāravaggo dutiyo.
二种住处与有学,复有二种生起;
清净所说二种,鸡园三说。
Dve vihārā ca sekkho ca, uppādā apare duve; Parisuddhena dve vuttā, kukkuṭārāmena tayoti.