念处相应
Satipaṭṭhānasaṃyutta
大品相应部解释 · 30 段
问:贤友,在〈念处相应〉中,由古代结集法藏的大长老们所结集的第二部《念经》,世尊在哪里、针对谁、怎样宣说的?
Pucchā – satipaṭṭhānasaṃyutte āvuso porāṇakehi dhammasaṃgāhaka mahātherehi dutiyaṃ saṃgītaṃ satisuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ kārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
回答:尊者,在毗舍离的安巴巴利芒果园中,世尊因为众多比丘的缘故,说了这样的话:“比丘们,比丘应当具念、正知而住,这就是我对你们的教诫。”
Vissajjanā – vesāliyaṃ bhante ambapālivane sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘sato bhikkhave bhikkhu vihareyya sampajāno ayaṃ vo amhākaṃ anusāsanī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
提问:贤友,就在那里,古代结集法藏的大长老们所结集的第四部《萨喇经》,是世尊在什么地方、针对谁、怎样宣说的?
Pucchā – tattheva āvuso porāṇakehi dhammasaṃgāhakamahātherehi catutthaṃ saṃgītaṃ sālasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
回答:尊者,在憍萨罗国一个叫沙罗的憍萨罗婆罗门村里,世尊针对众多比丘这样说过:“比丘们,那些新出家、刚来此法与律不久的比丘,你们应当劝他们、引导他们、让他们安住在四念处的修习上。”这就是世尊所说的那类话。
Vissajjanā – kosalesu bhante sālāyanāma kesalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāme sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘ye te bhikkhave bhikkhū navā acirapabbajitā adhunāgatā imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ, te vo bhikkhave bhikkhū catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ bhāvanāya samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā’’ti evamādinā bhante bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
问:贤友,就在那里,过去结集法藏的大长老们所结集的第六部《鹰经》,世尊是在哪里、针对谁、怎样宣说的?
Pucchā – tattheva āvuso porāṇakehi dhammasaṃgāhakamahātherehi chaṭṭhaṃ saṃgītaṃ sakuṇagghisuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
回答:尊者,世尊在舍卫城,针对众多比丘,说了这样一段话:“诸比丘,过去有一只鹰突然扑向一只鹌鹑,把它抓住了。那时,诸比丘,那只鹌鹑被鹰抓走的时候,这样悲叹道:‘我们真是倒霉,我们真是没福气,因为我们跑到了不该去的地方、别人的地盘。要是今天我们待在自己的地盘、父祖传下来的地方,这只鹰根本不是我对手,更别说跟它打了。’”——世尊所讲的就是诸如此类的话。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante sambahule bhikkhū ārabbha ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave sakuṇagghi lāpaṃ sakuṇaṃ sahasā ajjhappattā aggahesi. Atha kho bhikkhave lāpo sakuṇo sakuṇagghiyā hariyamāno evaṃ paridevasi mayamevamha alakkhikā, mayaṃ appapuññā, ye mayaṃ agocare carimha paravisaye, sacejja mayaṃ gocare careyyāma sake pettike visaye, na myāhaṃ sakuṇagghi alaṃ abhavissa yadidaṃ yuddhāyā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
我们真是倒霉,我们真是没福气。
Mayamevamha alakkhikā, mayaṃ appapuññā.
那么,鹌鹑,你自己的行境、你祖传的领地是什么呢?
Ko pana te lāpa gocaro sako pettiko visayo.
也就是用犁耕地、把土块翻起来的地方。
Yadidaṃ naṅgalakaṭṭhakaraṇaṃ leḍḍuṭṭhānaṃ.
来吧,鹰,现在就来抓我吧;来吧,鹰,现在就来抓我吧。
Ehi kho dāni me sakuṇagghi, ehi kho dāni me sakuṇagghi,
就像木球弹回去一样,它就在那块土块的中间冒了出来。义注
(Dāruguḷoviya vinivattitvā tasseva leḍḍussa antare paccupādi. Aṭṭhakathā)
比丘们,就是这样:一个人如果走到不该去的地方、别人的地盘,就会落得这样的下场。
Evañhi taṃ bhikkhave hoti yo agocare carati paravisaye.
所以,比丘们,不要走到不该去的地方,不要进入别人的地盘。
Tasmātiha bhikkhave mā agocare carittha paravisaye.
比丘们,你们要在自己的行境中行走,在自己父祖相传的领域中行走。
Gocare bhikkhave caratha sake pettike visaye.
比丘们,当比丘们行于自己的行境、父祖相传的领域时,魔罗找不到可乘之机,魔罗找不到所缘。
Gocare bhikkhave carataṃ sake pettike visaye na lacchati māro otāraṃ, na lacchati māro ārammaṇaṃ.
比丘尼住处经
Bhikkhunupassayasutta
问:贤友,就在那里,古代结集法藏的大长老们所结集的第十经《比丘尼住处经》,是世尊在何处、针对谁、以什么事为因缘、怎样宣说的?
Pucchā – tattheva āvuso porāṇakehi dhammasaṃgāhakamahātherehi dasamaṃ saṃgītaṃ bhikkhunupassayasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
回答:尊者,这是在舍卫城,世尊针对具寿阿难长老而说的。尊者,具寿阿难把与比丘尼们之间的全部交谈和对话都向世尊报告了。尊者,世尊就是针对这件事,说了这样的话:“阿难,就是这样,阿难,就是这样!阿难,无论哪位比丘或比丘尼,只要他的心善巧地安住在四念处上而住,就可以期望他前后了知到殊胜的差别。”
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ ānandattheraṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante ānando yāvattako ahosi bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘evametaṃ ānanda, evametaṃ ānanda, yohi koci ānanda bhikkhu vā bhikkhunī vā catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacitto viharati, tassetaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ uḷāraṃ pubbenāparaṃ visesaṃ sañjānissatī’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
问:贤友,就在这第二那烂陀品里,古代结集法藏的大长老们所结集的第三部经《春达经》,是世尊在哪里、针对谁、以什么事为因缘、怎样宣说的?
Pucchā – tattheva āvuso dutiye nālandavagge porāṇakehi dhammasaṃgāhakamahātherehi tatiyaṃ saṃgītaṃ cundasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
回答:尊者,这是在舍卫城,针对具寿阿难长老而说的。那时,具寿阿难长老与沙弥春达一起前往世尊那里。到了之后,顶礼世尊,坐在一边。坐在一边后,具寿阿难对世尊这样说:“尊者,这位沙弥春达这样说:‘尊者,具寿舍利弗已经寂灭,这是他的钵与衣。’尊者,我听到‘具寿舍利弗已经寂灭’之后,身体好像变得瘫软,连方向都分不清,法也不再显现于我心前。”尊者,就在这件事上,世尊这样说道:“阿难,舍利弗难道是带着你的戒蕴而寂灭的吗?还是带着定蕴、慧蕴、解脱蕴、解脱知见蕴而寂灭的呢?”如此等等。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃyeva ānandattheraṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante ānandatthero cundena samaṇuddesena saddhiṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho bhante āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘ayaṃ bhante cundo samaṇuddeso evamāha ‘āyasmā bhante sāriputto parinibbuto, idamassa pattacīvara’nti. Api ca me bhante madhurakajāto viya kāyo, disāpi me na pakkhāyanti, dhammāpi maṃ nappaṭibhanti ‘āyasmā sāriputto parinibbuto’ti sutvā’’ti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘kiṃ nu kho te ānanda sāriputto sīlakkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbuto, samādhikkhandhaṃ vā, paññākkhandhaṃvā, vimuttikkhandhaṃvā, vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ vā ādāya parinibbuto’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.
尊者,这位准德沙马内勒这样说。
Ayaṃ bhante cundosamaṇuddeso evamāha.
阿难,所以你们应当以自己为洲,以自己为皈依,不依其他为皈依;以法为洲,以法为皈依,不依其他为皈依而安住。
Tasmātihānanda attadīpā viharatha attasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā dhammadīpā dhammasaraṇā anaññasaraṇā.
问:贤友,就在那里,古代结集法藏的大长老们所结集的第五经《巴希亚经》,是世尊在何处、针对谁、以什么事为因缘、怎样宣说的?
Pucchā – tattheva āvuso porāṇakehi dhammasaṃgāhakamahātherehi pañcamaṃ saṃgītaṃ bāhiyasuttaṃ bhagavatā kattha kaṃ ārabbha kismiṃ vatthusmiṃ kathañca bhāsitaṃ.
回答:尊者,这是在舍卫城,针对具寿巴希亚而说的。尊者,具寿巴希亚对世尊这样说:“尊者,萨度!愿世尊为我简要地开示法,我听了世尊的法之后,就独自远离,不放逸,热诚,坚定而住。”尊者,就是在那件事上,世尊说了:“因此,巴希亚,你应当在善法上从最初就清净。什么是善法的最初?就是极清净的戒和正直的见。”等等。
Vissajjanā – sāvatthiyaṃ bhante āyasmantaṃ bāhiyaṃ ārabbha bhāsitaṃ. Āyasmā bhante bāhiyo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘sādhu me bhante bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. Tasmiṃ bhante vatthusmiṃ ‘‘tasmātiha tvaṃ bāhiya ādimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu. Ko cādikusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ diṭṭhica ujukā’’ti evamādinā bhagavatā bhāsitaṃ.