1. 苦住经
1. Dukkhavihārasuttaṃ
28(二法增上)这确实是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
(Dve dhamme anukkaṭi) vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,比丘若具足二法,于现法中即受苦而住——有困扰、有忧恼、有热恼;身坏命终之后,当可预期往生恶趣。哪两种法?于根门不防护,于饮食不知量。诸比丘,正因具足此二法,比丘于现法中受苦而住——有困扰、有忧恼、有热恼;身坏命终之后,当可预期往生恶趣。”此是世尊所宣说的义理。对此,如是说道:
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā. Katamehi dvīhi? Indriyesu aguttadvāratāya ca, bhojane amattaññutāya ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savidhātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“眼、耳、鼻、舌、身,以及意;
若比丘于此,于诸根门不加防护——
“身烧燃,心烧燃——
像那样的人,无论昼夜,都活在痛苦中。”
‘‘Cakkhu sotañca ghānañca, jivhā kāyo tathā mano; Etāni yassa dvārāni, aguttānidha bhikkhuno. ‘‘Bhojanamhi amattaññū, indriyesu asaṃvuto; Kāyadukkhaṃ cetodukkhaṃ, dukkhaṃ so adhigacchati. ‘‘Ḍayhamānena kāyena, ḍayhamānena cetasā; Divā vā yadi vā rattiṃ, dukkhaṃ viharati tādiso’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第九经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Navamaṃ.
2. 乐住经
2. Sukhavihārasuttaṃ
29此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,具足二法的比丘,于现法即住于安乐,无有障碍,无有焦虑,无有热恼;身坏命终后,可期待生于善趣。是哪二法?即守护根门、于食知量。诸比丘,正是具足此二法,比丘于现法即住于安乐,无有障碍,无有焦虑,无有热恼;身坏命终后,可期待生于善趣。”这是世尊所说之义。关于这一点,是这样说的:
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā . Katamehi dvīhi? Indriyesu guttadvāratāya ca, bhojane mattaññutāya ca. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“眼、耳与鼻,舌、身,以及意;
若有比丘,于此善护诸根门,
“饮食知量,守护诸根,
他获得身之乐与心之乐,他证得安乐。
“身无炽燃,心无炽燃,
这样的修行者,无论白昼还是夜晚,都安住于快乐。”
‘‘Cakkhu sotañca ghānañca, jivhā kāyo tathā mano; Etāni yassa dvārāni, suguttānidha bhikkhuno. ‘‘Bhojanamhi ca mattaññū, indriyesu ca saṃvuto; Kāyasukhaṃ cetosukhaṃ, sukhaṃ so adhigacchati. ‘‘Aḍayhamānena kāyena, aḍayhamānena cetasā; Divā vā yadi vā rattiṃ, sukhaṃ viharati tādiso’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第六经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
3. 热恼经
3. Tapanīyasuttaṃ
30此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,有这两种令人苦恼的法。哪两种?诸比丘,世间有一种人,未曾行善,未曾修作饶益,未曾为自己建立善护,却造了恶业、做了残暴之事、犯了罪过。他为“我不曾行善”而备受煎迫,也为‘我造作了恶业’而备受煎迫。诸比丘,这便是两种令人苦恼的法。”这是世尊所说的义理。关于此事,是这样说的:
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā tapanīyā. Katame dve? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco akatakalyāṇo hoti, akatakusalo, akatabhīruttāṇo, katapāpo, kataluddo, katakibbiso. So ‘akataṃ me kalyāṇa’ntipi tappati, ‘kataṃ me pāpa’ntipi tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā tapanīyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“造作身恶行,及诸语恶行,
行意恶行,以及一切与嗔恚相应的不善行。
“不行善业,反造众多不善业,
愚人身坏命终后,便堕地狱。”
‘‘Kāyaduccaritaṃ katvā, vacīduccaritāni ca; Manoduccaritaṃ katvā, yañcaññaṃ dosasañhitaṃ. ‘‘Akatvā kusalaṃ kammaṃ, katvānākusalaṃ bahuṃ; Kāyassa bhedā duppañño, nirayaṃ sopapajjatī’’ti .
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第七经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Sattamaṃ.
4. 不热恼经
4. Atapanīyasuttaṃ
31此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,有两种不会令人追悔的法。哪两种呢?诸比丘,在此,有人已行善业,已行福德,已作坚实的依怙,未造恶行,未行残忍,未犯罪过。他思惟‘我已行善’便不追悔,思惟‘我未作恶’亦不追悔。诸比丘,这便是两种不会令人追悔的法。”世尊宣说了此义理,并就此如是说道:
‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, dhammā atapanīyā. Katame dve? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco katakalyāṇo hoti, katakusalo, katabhīruttāṇo, akatapāpo, akataluddo, akatakibbiso. So ‘kataṃ me kalyāṇa’ntipi na tappati, ‘akataṃ me pāpa’ntipi na tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhammā atapanīyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“舍断身恶行与语恶行,
舍断意恶行,以及一切与过失相应的事;
“不作不善业,广造众多善业,
身坏命终之后,具慧者便再生于天界。”
‘‘Kāyaduccaritaṃ hitvā, vacīduccaritāni ca; Manoduccaritaṃ hitvā, yañcaññaṃ dosasañhitaṃ. ‘‘Akatvākusalaṃ kammaṃ, katvāna kusalaṃ bahuṃ; Kāyassa bhedā sappañño, saggaṃ so upapajjatī’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第四经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Catutthaṃ.
5. 第一戒经
5. Paṭhamasīlasuttaṃ
32此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,成就两种法者,犹如被带来投入地狱一般。哪两种?恶戒与恶见。诸比丘,成就此两种法者,即如被带来投入地狱一般。”世尊宣说了此义。对此,如是说:
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye. Katamehi dvīhi? Pāpakena ca sīlena, pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“以恶戒与恶见,
若有人成就此二法,
愚人身坏命终后,便堕地狱。”
‘‘Pāpakena ca sīlena, pāpikāya ca diṭṭhiyā; Etehi dvīhi dhammehi, yo samannāgato naro; Kāyassa bhedā duppañño, nirayaṃ sopapajjatī’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第四经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Catutthaṃ.
6. 第二戒经
6. Dutiyasīlasuttaṃ
33此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“比丘们,一个人如果具足两法,就会像被搬来安置在天界一般。哪两法?善戒与善见。比丘们,具足这两法的人,即如被搬来安置在天界一般。世尊宣说了这个义理。对此,这样说道:”
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge. Katamehi dvīhi ? Bhaddakena ca sīlena, bhaddikāya ca diṭṭhiyā. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato puggalo yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ sagge’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“以善戒与善见,
具足此二法之人,
身坏命终,智者即生天界。”
‘‘Bhaddakena ca sīlena, bhaddikāya ca diṭṭhiyā; Etehi dvīhi dhammehi, yo samannāgato naro; Kāyassa bhedā sappañño, saggaṃ so upapajjatī’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第四经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Catutthaṃ.
34此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,若比丘无精进、无悚惧,则不能证得正觉,不能证得涅槃,不能证得无上安稳解脱。诸比丘,若比丘有精进、有悚惧,则能证得正觉,能证得涅槃,能证得无上安稳解脱。”世尊宣说了这番义理。关于此义理,又作如是说:
‘‘Anātāpī, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anottāpī abhabbo sambodhāya, abhabbo nibbānāya, abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Ātāpī ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ottāpī bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo nibbānāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca . Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“无精进、无悚惧,懈怠而活力低劣;
多昏眠,无惭无愧,于人不恭敬;
这样的比丘,不能触证无上的正觉。
“具念、明察、修习禅那者,精勤、有愧、不放逸;
断除生与老的结缚,即于此处证悟无上正觉。”
‘‘Anātāpī anottāpī, kusīto hīnavīriyo; Yo thīnamiddhabahulo, ahirīko anādaro; Abhabbo tādiso bhikkhu, phuṭṭhuṃ sambodhimuttamaṃ. ‘‘Yo ca satimā nipako jhāyī, ātāpī ottāpī ca appamatto; Saṃyojanaṃ jātijarāya chetvā, idheva sambodhimanuttaraṃ phuse’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第九经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Navamaṃ.
8. 第一不诈经
8. Paṭhamanakuhanasuttaṃ
35此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,此梵行非为欺诳世人而修,非为取悦众人,非为利养、恭敬、名声、赞誉之利,亦非谓“愿人知我”。诸比丘,此梵行乃为自制与舍断而修。这便是世尊所开示的义理。关于此义理,如是说:”
‘‘Nayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanatthaṃ, na janalapanatthaṃ, na lābhasakkārasilokānisaṃsatthaṃ, na ‘iti maṃ jano jānātū’ti. Atha kho idaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati saṃvaratthañceva pahānatthañcā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“此梵行非依传闻而立,乃是为了自制,为了舍断;
彼世尊开示了这导向涅槃的道路。
“这条道路,为诸大人所追随,为诸大圣者所履践;
凡是如佛陀所教导那般实践此法的人,
他们将灭尽众苦,成为导师教诫的践行者。”
‘‘Saṃvaratthaṃ pahānatthaṃ, brahmacariyaṃ anītihaṃ; Adesayi so bhagavā, nibbānogadhagāminaṃ. ‘‘Esa maggo mahattehi , anuyāto mahesibhi ; Ye ye taṃ paṭipajjanti, yathā buddhena desitaṃ; Dukkhassantaṃ karissanti, satthusāsanakārino’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第八经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. 第二不诈经
9. Dutiyanakuhanasuttaṃ
36此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,修持此梵行,并非为了欺诳大众,并非为了取悦大众,并非为了利养、恭敬、名声、赞誉的利益,也并非为了‘让人们这样认识我’。诸比丘,修持此梵行,实是为了证知与遍知。世尊宣说了此义理。于此,如是说:”
‘‘Nayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati janakuhanatthaṃ, na janalapanatthaṃ, na lābhasakkārasilokānisaṃsatthaṃ, na ‘iti maṃ jano jānātū’ti. Atha kho idaṃ, bhikkhave , brahmacariyaṃ vussati abhiññatthañceva pariññatthañcā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“这梵行并非道听途说,而是为了正确的了知、为了遍知;
彼世尊开示了这导向涅槃的道路。
“这条道路,为诸伟人所追随,为大仙人们所践行;
凡是依佛陀所教,践行此道的人,
这些奉行导师教诫的人,必将灭尽诸苦。”
‘‘Abhiññatthaṃ pariññatthaṃ, brahmacariyaṃ anītihaṃ; Adesayi so bhagavā, nibbānogadhagāminaṃ. ‘‘Esa maggo mahattehi, anuyāto mahesibhi; Ye ye taṃ paṭipajjanti, yathā buddhena desitaṃ; Dukkhassantaṃ karissanti, satthusāsanakārino’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第一经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Paṭhamaṃ.
10. 喜悦经
10. Somanassasuttaṃ
37此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,若比丘具足二法,即于现法中多住于喜乐,并已为灭尽诸漏奠定根基。哪二法?于能生警策之处生起警策,并于生起警策后如理精勤。诸比丘,比丘正是具足此二法,于现法中多住于喜乐,并已为灭尽诸漏奠定根基。世尊宣说了此义,于此中如是说道:”
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhasomanassabahulo viharati, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāya. Katamehi dvīhi? Saṃvejanīyesu ṭhānesu saṃvejanena, saṃviggassa ca yoniso padhānena. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu diṭṭheva dhamme sukhasomanassabahulo viharati, yoni cassa āraddhā hoti āsavānaṃ khayāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“于能生警策之处,智者确应生起警策;
精勤明慧的比丘,以智慧全面观照后,
“如此安住、精进不懈、寂静沉稳、不轻躁的比丘,
致力于心的寂止,将能到达苦的灭尽。”
‘‘Saṃvejanīyaṭṭhānesu , saṃvijjetheva paṇḍito; Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, paññāya samavekkhiya. ‘‘Evaṃ vihārī ātāpī, santavutti anuddhato; Cetosamathamanuyutto, khayaṃ dukkhassa pāpuṇe’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第十经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dasamaṃ.
二比丘经、苦迫经、他苦迫经。
精进者经与不奸诈者经这两部,加上喜悦经,合为十经。
Dve ca bhikkhū tapanīyā, tapanīyā paratthehi; Ātāpī nakuhanā dve , somanassena te dasāti.