1. 痴遍知经
1. Mohapariññāsuttaṃ
11此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,若未证知愚痴、未遍知愚痴,心于彼未离染、未舍断,则不能灭尽苦。诸比丘,若证知愚痴、遍知愚痴,心于彼离染、舍断,则能灭尽苦。这便是世尊所宣说的义理。关于此义理,又有偈颂如下:”
‘‘Mohaṃ, bhikkhave, anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya. Mohañca kho, bhikkhave, abhijānaṃ parijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ virājayaṃ pajahaṃ bhabbo dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“众生被那愚痴所迷惑,便走向恶趣;
具观者正确了知那愚痴之后,便将它舍断;
舍断之后,他们便永不再来此世间。”
‘‘Yena mohena mūḷhāse, sattā gacchanti duggatiṃ; Taṃ mohaṃ sammadaññāya, pajahanti vipassino; Pahāya na punāyanti, imaṃ lokaṃ kudācana’’nti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第八经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
2. 忿遍知经
2. Kodhapariññāsuttaṃ
12此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,若于忿怒未正确了知、未遍知,心于彼未离染、未舍断,则不能灭尽诸苦。诸比丘,若于忿怒正确了知、遍知,心于彼离染、舍断,则能灭尽诸苦。这是世尊所说。关于此事,这样说道——”
‘‘Kodhaṃ, bhikkhave, anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya. Kodhañca kho, bhikkhave, abhijānaṃ parijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ virājayaṃ pajahaṃ bhabbo dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“众生为忿怒所制,便堕恶趣;
善知彼忿怒已,诸观者便舍断此,
舍断之后,他们永不再返回此世间。”
‘‘Yena kodhena kuddhāse, sattā gacchanti duggatiṃ; Taṃ kodhaṃ sammadaññāya, pajahanti vipassino; Pahāya na punāyanti, imaṃ lokaṃ kudācana’’nti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第十二经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Dvādasamaṃ.
3. 覆恼遍知经
3.Makkhapariññāsuttaṃ
13此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,若未证知覆恼、未遍知覆恼,心未离染、未舍断覆恼,则不能灭尽苦。诸比丘,若证知覆恼、遍知覆恼,心离染、舍断覆恼,便能灭尽苦。这便是世尊所说的义理。对此,如是说:”
‘‘Makkhaṃ, bhikkhave, anabhijānaṃ aparijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ avirājayaṃ appajahaṃ abhabbo dukkhakkhayāya. Makkhañca kho, bhikkhave, abhijānaṃ parijānaṃ tattha cittaṃ virājayaṃ pajahaṃ bhabbo dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“为覆恼所胜的众生,即走向恶趣;
具观照者正确了知此覆恼后,便将其舍断;
一旦舍断,他们便永不再返回此世间。”
‘‘Yena makkhena makkhāse, sattā gacchanti duggatiṃ; Taṃ makkhaṃ sammadaññāya, pajahanti vipassino; Pahāya na punāyanti, imaṃ lokaṃ kudācana’’nti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第三经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. 无明盖经
4. Avijjānīvaraṇasuttaṃ
14此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,我不见有任何一盖,能像无明盖那样覆蔽众生,令其长夜流转、轮回。诸比丘,正是被无明盖所覆蔽,众生才长夜流转、轮回。这是世尊所宣说的义理。于此,即如是说:”
‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanīvaraṇampi samanupassāmi yena nīvaraṇena nivutā pajā dīgharattaṃ sandhāvanti saṃsaranti yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇaṃ . Avijjānīvaraṇena hi, bhikkhave, nivutā pajā dīgharattaṃ sandhāvanti saṃsarantī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“无有一法,能如无明般覆蔽众生,
为愚痴所蔽,便日夜流转不息。
“那些已经断除愚痴、粉碎了黑暗之蕴的人,
他们不再流转,其因已不复存在。”
‘‘Natthañño ekadhammopi, yenevaṃ nivutā pajā; Saṃsaranti ahorattaṃ, yathā mohena āvutā. ‘‘Ye ca mohaṃ pahantvāna, tamokhandhaṃ padālayuṃ; Na te puna saṃsaranti, hetu tesaṃ na vijjatī’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第五经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Pañcamaṃ.
5. 渴爱结经
5. Taṇhāsaṃyojanasuttaṃ
15此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,除了渴爱结,我看不到有任何一结,系缚其下的众生会如此长时流转、轮回不息。诸比丘,正是被渴爱结所缚,众生才如此长时流转、轮回不息。”世尊宣说了这个义理。关于此义,又这样说:
‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekasaṃyojanampi samanupassāmi yena saṃyojanena saṃyuttā sattā dīgharattaṃ sandhāvanti saṃsaranti yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, taṇhāsaṃyojanaṃ . Taṇhāsaṃyojanena hi, bhikkhave, saṃyuttā sattā dīgharattaṃ sandhāvanti saṃsarantī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“渴爱为伴的人,在漫长的旅途中流转;
从此态到他态,他无法超越轮回。”
“了知此过患,渴爱是苦的根源,”
“比丘离于渴爱,无所执取,正念游方。”
‘‘Taṇhādutiyo puriso, dīghamaddhāna saṃsaraṃ; Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ , saṃsāraṃ nātivattati. ‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, taṇhaṃ dukkhassa sambhavaṃ; Vītataṇho anādāno, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第三经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Tatiyaṃ.
6. 第一有学经
6. Paṭhamasekhasuttaṃ
16此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,对于一位有学的比丘——心尚未得圆满,正安住于对无上安稳的渴求——若从内在因素而言,我不见有其余任何一法,能像如理作意这样带来如此大的助益。诸比丘,比丘如理作意,便能弃舍不善、修习于善。世尊宣说了此义。于此,又有如是说:”
‘‘Sekhassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno appattamānasassa anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamānassa viharato ajjhattikaṃ aṅganti karitvā nāññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ bahūpakāraṃ yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikāro. Yoniso, bhikkhave, bhikkhu manasi karonto akusalaṃ pajahati , kusalaṃ bhāvetī’’ti . Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“如理作意,乃有学比丘之法;
为证最上义,无有其他法能如此多助益;
比丘如理精勤,便能证得苦的灭尽。”
‘‘Yoniso manasikāro, dhammo sekhassa bhikkhuno; Natthañño evaṃ bahukāro, uttamatthassa pattiyā; Yoniso padahaṃ bhikkhu, khayaṃ dukkhassa pāpuṇe’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第五经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Pañcamaṃ.
7. 第二有学经
7. Dutiyasekhasuttaṃ
17此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,对于一位有学比丘——他尚未达到目标,正安住于渴求无上离轭安稳——就外在因素而言,我看不出有任何一个因素能像善友这样带来如此巨大的利益。诸比丘,具足善友的比丘,便会舍断不善,修习善法。世尊宣说了此义。关于此义,如是说:”
‘‘Sekhassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno appattamānasassa anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ patthayamānassa viharato bāhiraṃ aṅganti karitvā nāññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ bahūpakāraṃ yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, kalyāṇamittatā. Kalyāṇamitto, bhikkhave, bhikkhu akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāvetī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“比丘若有善友,恭敬且尊重,
奉行友伴的教诫,具正知与正念,
便能次第证得,一切结缚的灭尽。”
‘‘Kalyāṇamitto yo bhikkhu, sappatisso sagāravo; Karaṃ mittānaṃ vacanaṃ, sampajāno patissato; Pāpuṇe anupubbena, sabbasaṃyojanakkhaya’’nti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第九经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Navamaṃ.
8. 破僧经
8. Saṅghabhedasuttaṃ
18此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,有一法在世间生起时,是为众多人的不利、为众多人的不安乐、为众多人、天神与人类的伤害、不利与痛苦而生起。那一法是什么?即是僧团分裂。诸比丘,僧团一旦分裂,便有彼此争吵、彼此辱骂、彼此轻蔑、彼此舍弃。在那里,未净信者便不得净信,而已净信者中,也有某些人退转。”这就是世尊所说。关于此义理,有偈颂如是说:
‘‘Ekadhammo, bhikkhave, loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanāhitāya bahujanāsukhāya bahuno janassa anatthāya ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamo ekadhammo? Saṅghabhedo. Saṅghe kho pana, bhikkhave, bhinne aññamaññaṃ bhaṇḍanāni ceva honti, aññamaññaṃ paribhāsā ca honti , aññamaññaṃ parikkhepā ca honti, aññamaññaṃ pariccajanā ca honti. Tattha appasannā ceva nappasīdanti, pasannānañca ekaccānaṃ aññathattaṃ hotī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“分裂僧团者,堕恶趣、堕地狱,停留一劫;
乐于结党、住于非法者,从离轭安稳中退堕;
破坏和合的僧团已,他便在地狱中受报一劫。”
‘‘Āpāyiko nerayiko, kappaṭṭho saṅghabhedako; Vaggārāmo adhammaṭṭho, yogakkhemā padhaṃsati ; Saṅghaṃ samaggaṃ bhetvāna , kappaṃ nirayamhi paccatī’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第五经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Pañcamaṃ.
9. 僧团和合经
9. Saṅghasāmaggīsuttaṃ
19此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,有一法在世间生起,是为多人利益、多人安乐,为众多天人的利益、福利与安乐而生起。是哪一法呢?僧团和合。诸比丘,当僧团和合时,便无相互争吵、相互辱骂、相互阻碍、相互舍弃;未净信者于此生起净信,已净信者更得增长。世尊宣说了此义。于此,如是说:”
‘‘Ekadhammo, bhikkhave, loke uppajjamāno uppajjati bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya bahuno janassa atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Katamo ekadhammo ? Saṅghasāmaggī. Saṅghe kho pana, bhikkhave, samagge na ceva aññamaññaṃ bhaṇḍanāni honti, na ca aññamaññaṃ paribhāsā honti, na ca aññamaññaṃ parikkhepā honti, na ca aññamaññaṃ pariccajanā honti. Tattha appasannā ceva pasīdanti, pasannānañca bhiyyobhāvo hotī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“僧团和合是乐,护持和合者亦是乐。
‘乐于和合、安住于法者,于离轭安稳中不退堕。’
令僧团和合之后,他于天界中喜悦一劫。”
‘‘Sukhā saṅghassa sāmaggī, samaggānañcanuggaho; Samaggarato dhammaṭṭho, yogakkhemā na dhaṃsati; Saṅghaṃ samaggaṃ katvāna, kappaṃ saggamhi modatī’’ti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第五经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Pañcamaṃ.
10. 恶心经
10. Paduṭṭhacittasuttaṃ
20此是世尊所说,是阿拉汉所说,如是我闻——
Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā, vuttamarahatāti me sutaṃ –
“诸比丘,在此,我以心透彻了知某个心邪恶之人:‘若此人于此时死去,便如同被带来弃掷一般,堕入地狱。’这是什么缘故呢?诸比丘,因为他的心邪恶。诸比丘,正是由于心的邪恶,有些众生在身体崩解、死后,再生于恶趣、苦界、堕处、地狱。”世尊宣说了此义。于此处,如是说:
‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ paduṭṭhacittaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘imamhi cāyaṃ samaye puggalo kālaṅkareyya yathābhataṃ nikkhitto evaṃ niraye’. Taṃ kissa hetu? Cittaṃ hissa, bhikkhave, paduṭṭhaṃ. Cetopadosahetu kho pana, bhikkhave, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjantī’’ti. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. Tatthetaṃ iti vuccati –
“了知此间某人的邪恶心已,
佛陀在诸比丘面前,阐明了此义理。
“正如带来之后便弃置一般,那样的人也定会被舍弃。
因心的染污,正是众生堕入恶道之由。”
‘‘Paduṭṭhacittaṃ ñatvāna, ekaccaṃ idha puggalaṃ; Etamatthañca byākāsi, buddho bhikkhūna santike. ‘‘Imamhi cāyaṃ samaye, kālaṃ kayirātha puggalo; Nirayaṃ upapajjeyya, cittaṃ hissa padūsitaṃ. ‘‘Yathā haritvā nikkhipeyya, evameva tathāvidho; Cetopadosahetu hi, sattā gacchanti duggati’’nti.
此义理亦为世尊所说,如是我闻。第三经。
Ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, iti me sutanti. Tatiyaṃ.
愚痴、愤怒、覆藏,明、渴爱,及有学二经。
裂、合与个人,此为所说之第二品。
Moho kodho atha makkho, vijjā taṇhā sekhaduve ca; Bhedo sāmaggipuggalo , vaggamāhu dutiyanti vuccatīti.