4. 波逸提篇(比丘尼分别)显示巴利原文
4. Pācittiyakaṇḍaṃ (bhikkhunīvibhaṅgo)
1. 蒜品显示巴利原文
1. Lasuṇavaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
793 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,有一位近事男用蒜来招待比丘尼僧团,他说:“哪位圣尼需要蒜,我就供养蒜。”他还吩咐田园守护者说:“如果比丘尼们来了,就给每位比丘尼两小捆。”可是那时正值舍卫城有节庆,原有的存货蒜用完了。比丘尼们去那位近事男那里,对他说:“贤友,我们需要蒜。”他说:“圣尼,没有了,原先存着的蒜已经用光了。你们去田园那边吧。”偷兰难陀比丘尼就去了田园,她不知适量,叫人拿走了很多蒜。田园守护者就埋怨、非议、指责说:“怎么能这样,比丘尼们竟然不知适量,让人拿走那么多蒜!”比丘尼们听到了那位田园守护者埋怨、非议、指责的话。那些少欲的比丘尼……也埋怨、非议、指责说:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能不知适量,叫人拿走那么多蒜呢!”……“诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的不知适量,叫人拿走了很多蒜吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能不知适量,叫人拿走那么多蒜呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信的人产生信心,也不能让已生信的人增长信心……。”作了法谈之后,佛陀对诸比丘宣布:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena upāsakena bhikkhunisaṅgho lasuṇena pavārito hoti – ‘‘yāsaṃ ayyānaṃ lasuṇena attho, ahaṃ lasuṇenā’’ti. Khettapālo ca āṇatto hoti – ‘‘sace bhikkhuniyo āgacchanti, ekamekāya bhikkhuniyā dvetayo bhaṇḍike dehī’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṃ ussavo hoti. Yathābhataṃ lasuṇaṃ parikkhayaṃ agamāsi. Bhikkhuniyo taṃ upāsakaṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘lasuṇena, āvuso, attho’’ti. ‘‘Natthāyye. Yathābhataṃ lasuṇaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ. Khettaṃ gacchathā’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī khettaṃ gantvā na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ lasuṇaṃ harāpesi. Khettapālo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ lasuṇaṃ harāpessantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tassa khettapālassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ lasuṇaṃ harāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ lasuṇaṃ harāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī na mattaṃ jānitvā bahuṃ lasuṇaṃ harāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi –
“诸比丘,从前偷兰难陀比丘尼曾是一位婆罗门的妻子,她有三个女儿:难达、难达瓦提和孙德莉难达。后来,那位婆罗门死了,投生到了某个天鹅的胎中。他的羽毛全部由纯金构成,他给她们每人一根羽毛。可是,偷兰难陀比丘尼心想:‘这只天鹅给我们每人一根羽毛。’她就捉住那只天鹅王,把它的羽毛全拔光了。后来新长出的羽毛都变成了白色。诸比丘,正是因为过度的贪欲,那时她失去了黄金,现在她将要连蒜也失去。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa pajāpati ahosi. Tisso ca dhītaro – nandā, nandavatī, sundarīnandā. Atha kho, bhikkhave, so brāhmaṇo kālaṅkatvā aññataraṃ haṃsayoniṃ upapajji. Tassa sabbasovaṇṇamayā pattā ahesuṃ. So tāsaṃ ekekaṃ pattaṃ deti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī ‘‘ayaṃ haṃso amhākaṃ ekekaṃ pattaṃ detī’’ti taṃ haṃsarājaṃ gahetvā nippattaṃ akāsi. Tassa puna jāyamānā pattā setā sampajjiṃsu. Tadāpi, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī atilobhena suvaṇṇā parihīnā. Idāni lasuṇā parihāyissatī’’ti.
“已经得到的就该满足,因为过度的贪欲实在邪恶;
她捉住了天鹅王,结果失去了黄金。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yaṃ laddhaṃ tena tuṭṭhabbaṃ, atilobho hi pāpako; Haṃsarājaṃ gahetvāna, suvaṇṇā parihāyathā’’ti.
于是,世尊用种种方式呵责了偷兰难陀比丘尼,指出她难养的过失……接着,世尊说:“诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处——显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
794 若比丘尼吃蒜,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī lasuṇaṃ khādeyya pācittiya’’nti.
795 这里的比丘尼,是指这样……如此……即在此意义上称为比丘尼。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓蒜,是指摩揭陀所产者。显示巴利原文
nāma māgadhakaṃ vuccati.
如果带着‘我要吃’的想法而接受,犯恶作。每咽下一口,犯一次波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Khādissāmīti paṭiggaṇhā’’ti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.
796 当对象是蒜,心里认为是蒜而吃,犯波逸提。当对象是蒜,心里有疑而吃,犯波逸提。当对象是蒜,心里认为不是蒜而吃,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Lasuṇe lasuṇasaññā khādati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Lasuṇe vematikā khādati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Lasuṇe alasuṇasaññā khādati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
当对象不是蒜,心里认为是蒜而吃,犯恶作。当对象不是蒜,心里有疑而吃,犯恶作。当对象不是蒜,心里认为不是蒜而吃,不犯。显示巴利原文
Alasuṇe lasuṇasaññā khādati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Alasuṇe vematikā khādati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Alasuṇe alasuṇasaññā khādati, anāpatti.
797 不犯的情况有:洋葱、阿魏、诃梨勒、野蒜、加入汤中调味的、加入肉中调味的、加入油中调味的、酸粥、残食,以及精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti palaṇḍuke, bhañjanake, harītake, cāpalasuṇe, sūpasampāke, maṃsasampāke, telasampāke, sāḷave, uttaribhaṅge, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
798 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,六群比丘尼让人剃除了她们隐处的毛,然后在阿致罗筏底河,与妓女们一起裸体在同一个渡口沐浴。妓女们讥嫌、批评、指责说:‘这些比丘尼怎么可以让人剃除隐处的毛呢?简直就像在家人、享受欲乐的女人一样!’那些比丘尼听到了妓女们的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……讥嫌、批评、指责说:‘六群比丘尼怎么可以让人剃除隐处的毛呢?’……‘诸比丘,这是真的吗?六群比丘尼让人剃除了隐处的毛吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责说……‘诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么可以让人剃除隐处的毛呢?这不能让未生起信心的人生起信心,已生起信心的人会退失信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpetvā aciravatiyā nadiyā vesiyāhi saddhiṃ naggā ekatitthe nahāyanti. Vesiyā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tāsaṃ vesiyānaṃ ujjhāyantīnaṃ khiyyantīnaṃ vipācentīnaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
799 若比丘尼剃除隐处(腋下等)的毛,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
800 这里的‘比丘尼’,是指在这个意义上所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“两者”是指两边腋窝以及小便处。显示巴利原文
nāma ubho upakacchakā, muttakaraṇaṃ.
哪怕叫人拔除一根毛,也犯波逸提罪;叫人拔除多根毛,也犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti ekampi lomaṃ saṃharāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Bahukepi lome saṃharāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
801 无犯的情况是:因病而做、精神失常者、最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhapaccayā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
802 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,有两位比丘尼被不乐所苦,她们进了内室互相拍打。比丘尼们循声跑过去,对那些比丘尼这样说:“圣尼们,你们为什么和男人一起行淫呢?”她们说:“圣尼们,我们没有和男人行淫啊。”比丘尼们将此事报告了。那些少欲的比丘尼们……指责、批评、呵斥说:“比丘尼们怎么能互相拍打呢?”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的在互相拍打吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能互相拍打呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……”于是,诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵持这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena dve bhikkhuniyo anabhiratiyā pīḷitā ovarakaṃ pavisitvā talaghātakaṃ karonti. Bhikkhuniyo tena saddena upadhāvitvā tā bhikkhuniyo etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tumhe, ayye, purisena saddhiṃ sampadussathā’’ti? ‘‘Na mayaṃ, ayye, purisena saddhiṃ sampadussāmā’’ti. Bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo talaghātakaṃ karissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo talaghātakaṃ karontīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo talaghātakaṃ karissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
803 若比丘尼以手掌拍击(私处),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Talaghātake pācittiya’’nti.
804 无犯的情况是:因病而做、精神失常者、最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
nāma samphassaṃ sādiyantī antamaso uppalapattenapi muttakaraṇe pahāraṃ deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
805 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,有一位曾是国王后宫的女子在比丘尼中出家了。有一位比丘尼被不乐所苦,她去到那位比丘尼那里,到了之后,对那位比丘尼这样说:“圣尼,国王好久才到你这里一次。你是怎么忍耐的呢?”她回答:“圣尼,用树胶器具。”那位比丘尼问:“圣尼,什么是树胶器具?”于是,那位比丘尼就向她说明了树胶器具。然后,那位比丘尼拿了树胶器具使用后,忘了清洗,就把它丢在了一边。比丘尼们看见它被苍蝇密密麻麻地围绕,就这样问:“这是谁干的事?”她这样回答:“这是我干的事。”那些少欲的比丘尼们……指责、批评、呵斥说:“比丘尼怎么能用树胶器具呢?”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼真的用了树胶器具吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能用树胶器具呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……”于是,诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵持这条学处:显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhapaccayā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
806 尔时,世尊佛陀住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。其时,有一位从古代王宫女眷出家为比丘尼者。有一位比丘尼被不乐所逼恼,前往那位比丘尼处;前往后,对那位比丘尼如此说——「尊者,国王不久前才去过你那里。你如何忍受?」「尊者,用蜡制品。」「尊者,这蜡制品是什么?」于是那位比丘尼向那位比丘尼展示蜡制品。于是那位比丘尼取了蜡制品后,忘记清洗而丢弃在一旁。诸比丘尼看见被苍蝇围绕后如此说——「这是谁的东西?」她如此说——「这是我的东西。」那些少欲的比丘尼……她们非难、呵责、传播——「为何比丘尼取用蜡制品?」……「诸比丘,比丘尼取用蜡制品,是真实的吗?」「世尊,是真实的。」世尊佛陀呵责……「诸比丘,为何比丘尼取用蜡制品!诸比丘,这不能令未信者生信……诸比丘,诸比丘尼应如此诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā purāṇarājorodhā bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā hoti. Aññatarā bhikkhunī anabhiratiyā pīḷitā yena sā bhikkhunī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘rājā kho, ayye, tumhe cirāciraṃ gacchati. Kathaṃ tumhe dhārethā’’ti? ‘‘Jatumaṭṭhakena, ayye’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ etaṃ, ayye, jatumaṭṭhaka’’nti? Atha kho sā bhikkhunī tassā bhikkhuniyā jatumaṭṭhakaṃ ācikkhi. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī jatumaṭṭhakaṃ ādiyitvā dhovituṃ vissaritvā ekamantaṃ chaḍḍesi. Bhikkhuniyo makkhikāhi samparikiṇṇaṃ passitvā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kassidaṃ kamma’’nti? Sā evamāha – ‘‘mayhidaṃ kamma’’nti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī jatumaṭṭhakaṃ ādiyissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī jatumaṭṭhakaṃ ādiyatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī jatumaṭṭhakaṃ ādiyissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
807 若比丘尼使用树胶等所制(的假具),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Jatumaṭṭhakejatumaṭṭake (sī.)pācittiya’’nti.
808 指的是用紫胶、木头、面粉团或陶土制成的那种。显示巴利原文
nāma jatumayaṃ kaṭṭhamayaṃ piṭṭhamayaṃ mattikāmayaṃ.
如果怀着触碰之乐接受,哪怕只是将莲花瓣尖送入尿道口,也犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti samphassaṃ sādiyantī antamaso uppalapattampi muttakaraṇaṃ paveseti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
809 因病缘、精神失常者、最初犯戒者,不犯。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhapaccayā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
810 那时,佛陀世尊住在释迦国的迦毗罗卫城尼拘律园中。那时,大爱道·果德弥来到世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊行礼,站在下风处,说:‘世尊,女人身体气味难闻啊。’于是,世尊便说:‘比丘尼们应当采用水净法。’并以此方式用佛法开示教导、鼓励、激励、令大爱道·果德弥欢喜。那时,大爱道·果德弥受到世尊以佛法开示的教导、鼓励、激励、令其欢喜后,向世尊敬礼,右绕之后离去。那时,世尊以此因缘、以此事件,作佛法开示后,对诸比丘说:‘诸比丘,我允许比丘尼采用水净法。’就在这时,有位比丘尼心想:‘世尊允许了水净法’,便使用过度深入的水净法,结果伤到了尿道口。于是,这位比丘尼将此事告诉其他比丘尼。那些少欲的比丘尼们……对此不满、批评、指责说:‘这位比丘尼怎么能使用过度深入的水净法呢!’……‘诸比丘,听说真有比丘尼使用过度深入的水净法吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……说:‘诸比丘,这位比丘尼怎么能使用过度深入的水净法呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,能让已生信者退心……’诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Atha kho mahāpajāpati gotamī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā adhovāte aṭṭhāsi – ‘‘duggandho, bhagavā, mātugāmo’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā – ‘‘ādiyantu kho bhikkhuniyo udakasuddhika’’nti, mahāpajāpatiṃ gotamiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho mahāpajāpati gotamī bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṃ udakasuddhika’’nti. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī – ‘‘bhagavatā udakasuddhikā anuññātā’’ti atigambhīraṃ udakasuddhikaṃ ādiyantī muttakaraṇe vaṇaṃ akāsi. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ āroceti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī atigambhīraṃ udakasuddhikaṃ ādiyissatīti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī atigambhīraṃ udakasuddhikaṃ ādiyatī’’ti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī atigambhīraṃ udakasuddhikaṃ ādiyissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
811 比丘尼以水洗净(私处)时,至多入二指节深;超过此,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Udakasuddhikaṃ pana bhikkhuniyā ādiyamānāya dvaṅgulapabbaparamaṃ ādātabbaṃ. Taṃ atikkāmentiyā pācittiya’’nti.
812 这是指清洗尿道口的操作。显示巴利原文
nāma muttakaraṇassa dhovanā vuccati.
是正在清洗时。显示巴利原文
ti dhovantiyā.
最多可取两指节之量。显示巴利原文
nti dvīsu aṅgulesu dve pabbaparamā ādātabbā.
接受触感时,哪怕仅越过头发尖那么一点,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti samphassaṃ sādiyantī antamaso kesaggamattampi atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
813 超过两指节,认为超过而取用,犯波逸提。超过两指节,有疑而取用,犯波逸提。超过两指节,认为不足而取用,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Atirekadvaṅgulapabbe atirekasaññā ādiyati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Atirekadvaṅgulapabbe vematikā ādiyati, āpatti pācittiyassa . Atirekadvaṅgulapabbe ūnakasaññā ādiyati, āpatti pācittiyassa .
不足两指节,认为超过,犯恶作。不足两指节,有疑,犯恶作。不足两指节,认为不足,无犯。显示巴利原文
Ūnakadvaṅgulapabbe atirekasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnakadvaṅgulapabbe vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnakadvaṅgulapabbe ūnakasaññā, anāpatti.
814 无犯的情况是:取两指节之量,取不足两指节之量,因病缘因,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti dvaṅgulapabbaparamaṃ ādiyati, ūnakadvaṅgulapabbaparamaṃ ādiyati, ābādhapaccayā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
815 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有位名叫阿拉汉德的大臣在诸比丘那里出家了。他的前妻在比丘尼们那里出家了。那时,那位比丘在那位比丘尼跟前处理食物的分配。那时,那位比丘尼在那位比丘吃饭时,拿着饮水和扇子侍立一旁,与他闲谈话语。于是,那位比丘呵责那位比丘尼:‘姊妹,不要做这种事。这不合适。’那位比丘尼说:‘你以前对我做这做那,现在连这点都不敢了?’随即把水罐扣在他头上,用扇子打了他。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……就讥嫌、批评、指责:‘怎么样?一个比丘尼竟然打比丘!’……‘诸比丘,听说比丘尼确实打了比丘,这是真的吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘诸比丘,怎么样?一个比丘尼竟然打比显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena ārohanto nāma mahāmatto bhikkhūsu pabbajito hoti. Tassa purāṇadutiyikā bhikkhunīsu pabbajitā hoti. Tena kho pana samayena so bhikkhu tassā bhikkhuniyā santike bhattavissaggaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī tassa bhikkhuno bhuñjantassa pānīyena ca vidhūpanena ca upatiṭṭhitvā accāvadati. Atha kho so bhikkhu taṃ bhikkhuniṃ apasādeti – ‘‘mā, bhagini, evarūpaṃ akāsi. Netaṃ kappatī’’ti. ‘‘Pubbe maṃ tvaṃ evañca evañca karosi, idāni ettakaṃ na sahasī’’ti – pānīyathālakaṃ matthake āsumbhitvā vidhūpanena pahāraṃ adāsi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī bhikkhussa pahāraṃ dassatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī bhikkhussa pahāraṃ adāsīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī bhikkhussa pahāraṃ dassati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
816 若比丘尼在比丘进食时,以饮水或扇为他侍立伺候,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhussa bhuñjantassa pānīyena vā vidhūpanena vā upatiṭṭheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
817 这里的‘比丘尼’是指:无论她是……(如同前文所述)……即在此意义上称为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
对已受具足戒者。显示巴利原文
ti upasampannassa.
对正在吃五种主食中任何一种主食的人。显示巴利原文
ti pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññataraṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjantassa.
指任何饮料。显示巴利原文
nāma yaṃ kiñci pānīyaṃ.
指任何扇子。显示巴利原文
nāma yā kāci bījanī.
在一臂范围之内站着侍奉,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti hatthapāse tiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
818 对已受具足戒者,有已受具足戒之想,以饮料或扇子近前侍奉,犯波逸提罪。对已受具足戒者,心有疑惑,以饮料或扇子近前侍奉,犯波逸提罪。对已受具足戒者,有未受具足戒之想,以饮料或扇子近前侍奉,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Upasampanne upasampannasaññā pānīyena vā vidhūpanena vā upatiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampanne vematikā pānīyena vā vidhūpanena vā upatiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampanne anupasampannasaññā pānīyena vā vidhūpanena vā upatiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
离开一臂范围后还站着侍奉,犯恶作罪。对正在吃嚼食的人站着侍奉,犯恶作罪。对未受具足戒者站着侍奉,犯恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,有已受具足戒之想,犯恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,心有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,有未受具足戒之想,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā upatiṭṭhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Khādanīyaṃ khādantassa upatiṭṭhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannassa upatiṭṭhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
819 不犯的情况有:她给,她让人给,她吩咐未受具足戒者,疯癫者,最初犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti deti, dāpeti, anupasampannaṃ āṇāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
820 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们在谷物成熟的时候乞求了生谷物,之后带着进城,站在城门处说:“女士,请给一份吧!”她们纠缠着,人们便给了。那些比丘尼回到住处后,将这件事告诉了其他比丘尼。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们呵责、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能乞求生谷物呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们乞求生谷物,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“……诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能乞求生谷物呢!这不能让没有信心的人生起信心,也不能让已有信心的人增长信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo sassakāle āmakadhaññaṃ viññāpetvā nagaraṃ atiharanti dvāraṭṭhāne – ‘‘dethāyye, bhāga’’nti. Palibundhetvā muñciṃsu. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo upassayaṃ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āmakadhaññaṃ viññāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo āmakadhaññaṃ viññāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo āmakadhaññaṃ viññāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
821 若比丘尼乞求生谷(或令人乞),自炒或令炒、自舂或令舂、自煮或令煮而吃,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āmakadhaññaṃ viññatvā vā viññāpetvā vā bhajjitvā vā bhajjāpetvā vā koṭṭetvā vā koṭṭāpetvā vā pacitvā vā pacāpetvā vā bhuñjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
822 所谓比丘尼,在此处即指任何……(中略)……这样的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
生谷物,是指粳米、稻谷、大麦、小麦、小米、黍米、稗子。显示巴利原文
nāma sāli vīhi yavo godhumo kaṅgu varako kudrusako.
自己乞求,是指自己亲自去乞求。令他人乞求,是指让他人去乞求。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ viññatvā. ti aññaṃ viññāpetvā.
自己炒,是指自己亲自炒。令他人炒,是指让他人炒。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ bhajjitvā. ti aññaṃ bhajjāpetvā.
自己捣,是指自己亲自捣。令他人捣,是指让他人捣。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ koṭṭetvā. ti aññaṃ koṭṭāpetvā.
自己煮,是指自己亲自煮。令他人煮,是指让他人煮。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ pacitvā. ti aññaṃ pacāpetvā.
如果心想‘我要吃’而接受下来,犯恶作。每吞咽一口,犯一个波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.
823 无犯的情况:因病而做、请求豆类等杂粮、疯癫者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhapaccayā, aparaṇṇaṃ viññāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
824 那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,有一位婆罗门,是退役的国王兵役人员,他心里想:‘我要去请求那个兵役待遇。’ 于是他洗了头,挨着比丘尼的住处,前往国王的宫殿。有一位比丘尼,在盆里解完大便后,把它倒到墙外,正好倒在了那位婆罗门的头顶上。那位婆罗门就生气、不满、指责道:‘这些秃头的绑匪女,根本不是沙门尼!怎么能把装粪便的盆子往人头顶上倒呢!我要烧了她们的住处!’他拿起一根燃烧的火柴,走进比丘尼的住处。有一位正在从住处走出来的近事男,看到了那个婆罗门拿着燃烧的火柴正要进入住处。看到后,他对那位婆罗门这样说:‘朋友,你为什么拿着燃烧的火柴进入比丘尼的住处?’ ‘朋友,这些秃头的绑匪女把装粪便的盆子倒在了我的头顶上。我要烧了她们的住处!’ ‘去吧,婆罗门朋友,这是件吉利事。你会得到一千个钱币和那个兵役待遇。’ 于是,那位婆罗门洗了头,前往国王宫殿,得到了一千个钱币和那个兵役待遇。之后,那位近事男进入比丘尼的住处,把这件事告诉了比丘尼们,并责备了她们。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……就生气、不满、指责道:‘比丘尼们怎么可以把粪便倒到墙外呢?’…… ‘诸比丘,据说比丘尼们真的把粪便倒到墙外,这是真的吗?’ ‘世尊,是真的。’ 佛世尊呵责道…… ‘诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能把粪便倒到墙外呢?诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,诸比丘尼应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro brāhmaṇo nibbiṭṭharājabhaṭo ‘‘taññeva bhaṭapathaṃ yācissāmī’’ti sīsaṃ nahāyitvā bhikkhunupassayaṃ nissāya rājakulaṃ gacchati. Aññatarā bhikkhunī kaṭāhe vaccaṃ katvā tirokuṭṭe chaḍḍentī tassa brāhmaṇassa matthake āsumbhi. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘assamaṇiyo imā muṇḍā bandhakiniyo. Kathañhi nāma gūthakaṭāhaṃ matthake āsumbhissanti! Imāsaṃ upassayaṃ jhāpessāmī’’ti! Ummukaṃ gahetvā upassayaṃ pavisati. Aññataro upāsako upassayā nikkhamanto addasa taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ummukaṃ gahetvā upassayaṃ pavisantaṃ. Disvāna taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, bho, ummukaṃ gahetvā upassayaṃ pavisasī’’ti? ‘‘Imā maṃ, bho, muṇḍā bandhakiniyo gūthakaṭāhaṃ matthake āsumbhiṃsu. Imāsaṃ upassayaṃ jhāpessāmī’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha, bho brāhmaṇa, maṅgalaṃ etaṃ. Sahassaṃ lacchasi tañca bhaṭapatha’’nti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo sīsaṃ nahāyitvā rājakulaṃ gantvā sahassaṃ alattha tañca bhaṭapathaṃ. Atha kho so upāsako upassayaṃ pavisitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocetvā paribhāsi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo uccāraṃ tirokuṭṭe chaḍḍessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo uccāraṃ tirokuṭṭe chaḍḍentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo uccāraṃ tirokuṭṭe chaḍḍessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave , bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
825 若比丘尼把大小便、垃圾、残食倒弃到墙外或篱外(或令人倒),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā saṅkāraṃ vā vighāsaṃ vā tirokuṭṭe vā tiropākāre vā chaḍḍeyya vā chaḍḍāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
826 “无论何种身份……比丘尼”…… 这里所指的比丘尼就是此义。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
是指粪便。是指尿液。显示巴利原文
nāma gūtho vuccati. nāma muttaṃ vuccati.
是指垃圾。显示巴利原文
nāma kacavaraṃ vuccati.
是指抖落的尘屑、骨头或残羹剩水。显示巴利原文
nāma calakāni vā aṭṭhikāni vā ucchiṭṭhodakaṃ vā.
有这三种墙:砖墙、石墙、木墙。显示巴利原文
nāma tayo kuṭṭā – iṭṭhakākuṭṭo, silākuṭṭo, dārukuṭṭo.
有这三种围墙:砖围墙、石围墙、木围墙。显示巴利原文
nāma tayo pākārā – iṭṭhakāpākāro, silāpākāro, dārupākāro.
……是在墙的外侧。……是在围墙的外侧。显示巴利原文
ti kuṭṭassa parato. ti pākārassa parato.
……自己倾弃的话,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ chaḍḍeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
……命令他人倾弃的话,犯恶作罪。如果命令一次,而[那人]多次倾弃,[命令者]犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti aññaṃ āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sakiṃ āṇattā bahukampi chaḍḍeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
827 无犯的情况是:看准了[没有青绿植物的地方]再倾弃、倾弃在无用的土地上、发疯者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti oloketvā chaḍḍeti, avaḷañje chaḍḍeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
828 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位婆罗门的麦田紧挨着比丘尼的住处。比丘尼们把粪便、尿、垃圾和剩饭倾倒在田里。那位婆罗门因此讥嫌、呵责、批评说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以弄脏我们的麦田呢!”那些少欲的比丘尼们听到那位婆罗门的讥嫌、呵责、批评后,也讥嫌、呵责、批评说:“比丘尼们怎么可以把粪便、尿、垃圾和剩饭倾倒在青绿植物上呢!”……然后,世尊问:“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们确实把粪便、尿、垃圾和剩饭倾倒在青绿植物上,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以把粪便、尿、垃圾和剩饭倾倒在青绿植物上呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生起信心,也不能使已生信者信心增长……诸比丘,就这样,比丘尼们应当诵持这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa bhikkhunūpassayaṃ nissāya yavakhettaṃ hoti. Bhikkhuniyo uccārampi passāvampi saṅkārampi vighāsampi khette chaḍḍenti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo amhākaṃ yavakhettaṃ dūsessantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tassa brāhmaṇassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo uccārampi passāvampi saṅkārampi vighāsampi harite chaḍḍessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo uccārampi passāvampi saṅkārampi vighāsampi harite chaḍḍentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo uccārampi passāvampi saṅkārampi vighāsampi harite chaḍḍessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
829 若比丘尼把大小便、垃圾、残食倒弃在青草菜蔬上(或令人倒),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā saṅkāraṃ vā vighāsaṃ vā harite chaḍḍeyya vā chaḍḍāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
830 ‘无论怎样的……比丘尼’——这里指的是在此意义上所说的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
这里所说的‘粪便’,是指大便。这里所说的‘尿’,是指小便。显示巴利原文
nāma gūtho vuccati. nāma muttaṃ vuccati.
这里所说的‘垃圾’,是指废弃物。显示巴利原文
nāma kacavaraṃ vuccati.
这里所说的‘残渣’,是指扫在一起的碎屑、骨头,或是吃剩的汤水。显示巴利原文
nāma calakāni vā aṭṭhikāni vā ucchiṭṭhodakaṃ vā.
这里所说的‘草木’,是指谷物、豆类,人们用来受用、享用而种植的作物。显示巴利原文
nāma pubbaṇṇaṃ aparaṇṇaṃ yaṃ manussānaṃ upabhogaparibhogaṃ ropimaṃ .
‘自己倾倒’,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ chaḍḍeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
‘指使别人倾倒’,犯恶作。如果指使一次,那人却倾倒了很多,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti aññaṃ āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sakiṃ āṇattā bahukampi chaḍḍeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
831 在有草木的地方,认为有草木,自己倾倒,或指使别人倾倒,犯波逸提。在有草木的地方,不确定,自己倾倒,或指使别人倾倒,犯波逸提。在有草木的地方,认为没有草木,自己倾倒,或指使别人倾倒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Harite haritasaññā chaḍḍeti vā chaḍḍāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Harite vematikā chaḍḍeti vā chaḍḍāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa . Harite aharitasaññā chaḍḍeti vā chaḍḍāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在无种子处而认为有种子,恶作。在无种子处而疑惑,恶作。在无种子处而认为无种子,无犯。显示巴利原文
Aharite haritasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Aharite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Aharite aharitasaññā, anāpatti.
832 无犯:观察后丢弃;在田园边界丢弃;征得主人同意后,观察后丢弃;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti oloketvā chaḍḍeti, khettamariyāde chaḍḍeti sāmike āpucchitvā apaloketvā chaḍḍeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
833 那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦园。那时,王舍城举办山顶节。六群比丘尼为了观看山顶节而前往。人们不满、讥嫌、指责:'怎么比丘尼竟然去看舞蹈、听歌、看乐器表演,就像在家享受欲乐的女人一样!'那些少欲的……比丘尼们听到了那些人的不满、讥嫌和指责,就也表达不满、讥嫌、指责:'怎么六群比丘尼竟然去看舞蹈、听歌、看乐器表演!'……'诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的去看舞蹈、听歌、看乐器表演吗?''是真的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责……'诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能去看舞蹈、听歌、看乐器表演呢!这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处:'显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe giraggasamajjo hoti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo giraggasamajjaṃ dassanāya agamaṃsu. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo naccampi gītampi vāditampi dassanāya gacchissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo naccampi gītampi vāditampi dassanāya gacchissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo naccampi gītampi vāditampi dassanāya gacchantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo naccampi gītampi vāditampi dassanāya gacchissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
834 若比丘尼去观看歌、舞、伎乐,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī naccaṃ vā gītaṃ vā vāditaṃ vā dassanāya gaccheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
835 ……任何……比丘尼,这就是在此义中被所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
'舞蹈'指任何舞蹈。'歌'指任何歌曲。'乐器'指任何乐器演奏。显示巴利原文
nāma yaṃ kiñci naccaṃ. nāma yaṃ kiñci gītaṃ. nāma yaṃ kiñci vāditaṃ.
836 为看而前往,恶作。站在那儿看或听,波逸提。离开可视范围后又反复回来看或听,波逸提。逐一看而去,恶作。站在那儿看或听,波逸提。离开可视范围后又反复回来看或听,波逸提。显示巴利原文
Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhitā passati vā suṇāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā punappunaṃ passati vā suṇāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekamekaṃ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhitā passati vā suṇāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā punappunaṃ passati vā suṇāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
837 无犯:站在寺院里看或听;比卡尼站立处、坐处或卧处,有人前来跳舞、唱歌或演奏任何乐器;在路上行走时看见或听见;因有事务而去,看见或听见;遭遇灾难时;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ārāme ṭhitā passati vā suṇāti vā, bhikkhuniyā ṭhitokāsaṃ vā nisinnokāsaṃ vā nipannokāsaṃ vā āgantvā naccanti vā gāyanti vā vādenti vā, paṭipathaṃ gacchantī passati vā suṇāti vā, sati karaṇīye gantvā passati vā suṇāti vā, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 暗黑品显示巴利原文
2. Andhakāravaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
838 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。恰在那时,有一位男子,是跋陀迦毗罗尼的近住女比丘尼的亲戚,因事从村庄来到舍卫城。于是,那位比丘尼与那位男子,在夜晚黑暗中、没有灯火的地方,两人单独地站着,也彼此交谈。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们不满、指责、呵斥说:「比丘尼怎么可以在夜晚黑暗中、没有灯火的地方,与男子两人单独站着,还彼此交谈呢?」……「诸比丘,比丘尼真的在夜晚黑暗中、没有灯火的地方,与男子两人单独站着,还彼此交谈吗?」「这是真的,世尊。」佛陀世尊呵责……「诸比丘,比丘尼怎么可以在夜晚黑暗中、没有灯火的地方,与男子两人单独站着,还彼此交谈呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们,你们应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddāya kāpilāniyā antevāsiniyā bhikkhuniyā ñātako puriso gāmakā sāvatthiṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī tena purisena saddhiṃ rattandhakāre appadīpe ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī rattandhakāre appadīpe purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī rattandhakāre appadīpe purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave , bhikkhunī rattandhakāre appadīpe purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
839 若比丘尼在夜暗无灯处与男子一对一共立或交谈,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī rattandhakāre appadīpe purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭheyya vā sallapeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
840 「比丘尼」:在此律中,所谓比丘尼,是指……乃至……这里所指的就是这个意思。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
「在黑暗时」:指太阳落下之后。「没有灯火」:指没有光亮。显示巴利原文
ti oggate sūriye. Appadīpeti anāloke.
「男子」:指人类的男性,不是夜叉,不是饿鬼,不是畜生,是能够明白、能够站着、能够交谈的。显示巴利原文
nāma manussapuriso na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato viññū paṭibalo santiṭṭhituṃ sallapituṃ.
「单独地」:指只有一方。即男子是一方,比丘尼是一方。显示巴利原文
nti ekato. ti puriso ceva hoti bhikkhunī ca.
「站着,也交谈」:指站在男子一臂可达的范围之内,就犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse tiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果比丘尼站在男性一臂距离之内与他交谈,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse ṭhitā sallapati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果她保持在一臂距离之外,只是站着或交谈,犯恶作。如果与夜叉、饿鬼、黄门或畜生道中有人形的众生一起站着或交谈,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yakkhena vā petena vā paṇḍakena vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahena vā saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
841 不犯的情况是:有任何一个能理解情况的明白人在场作伴;只是期待机会而站着;心里想着别的事情而站着或交谈;她是精神失常者;她是初犯。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti yo koci viññū dutiyo hoti, arahopekkhā, aññavihitā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
842 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那时,跋陀迦毗罗尼的弟子比丘尼有一位亲戚男性,从某个村庄因事来到舍卫城。于是,那位比丘尼心想:“世尊已经禁止在黑暗无灯时,与男性单独一对一站着或交谈。”她就和那位男性一起,在一个隐蔽的地方站着交谈。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们对此感到不满、批评、指责:“怎么比丘尼能在隐蔽的地方,与男性单独一对一站着交谈呢?”…… “诸比丘,据说有位比丘尼在隐蔽的地方,与男性单独一对一站着交谈,这是真的吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责…… 说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能在隐蔽的地方,与男性单独一对一站着交谈呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信的人产生信心,也不能让已生信的人增长信心…… 诸比丘,你们应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddāya kāpilāniyā antevāsiniyā bhikkhuniyā ñātako puriso gāmakā sāvatthiṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī – ‘‘bhagavatā paṭikkhittaṃ rattandhakāre appadīpe purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhituṃ sallapitu’’nti teneva purisena saddhiṃ paṭicchanne okāse ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī paṭicchanne okāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī paṭicchanne okāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī paṭicchanne okāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
843 若比丘尼在屏蔽处与男子一对一共立或交谈,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paṭicchanne okāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭheyya vā sallapeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
844 什么样的……比丘尼……在这里所指的比丘尼就是这个意思。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘隐蔽处’指的是:被墙壁、门扇、席子、布幕、树木或任何其他东西所遮蔽的地方。显示巴利原文
nāma okāso kuṭṭena vā kavāṭena vā kilañjena vā sāṇipākārena vā rukkhena vā vā yena kenaci paṭicchanno hoti.
‘男性’指的是:人类的男子,不是夜叉、不是饿鬼、不是畜生,是有理解能力、能够站着交谈的人。”显示巴利原文
nāma manussapuriso na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato viññū paṭibalo santiṭṭhituṃ sallapituṃ.
“一对一”的意思:就是一个男人与一位比丘尼单独在一起的情形。显示巴利原文
nti ekato. ti puriso ceva hoti bhikkhunī ca.
当比丘尼站在一个男人伸手可及的范围内时,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse tiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
当比丘尼站在一个男人伸手可及的范围内与他说话时,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse ṭhitā sallapati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果她离开了伸手可及的范围,但仍然站着或与他说话,则犯恶作。如果她是与一个亚卡、一个饿鬼、一个黄门或一个具有男人外貌的畜生,一起站着或说话,也犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yakkhena vā petena vā paṇḍakena vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahena vā saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
845 不犯的情况有:有任何一个有理解能力的第三者(不是黄门等)在场时;她只是在等机会或只是站着等待而不想说话时;她心不在焉,在想别的事情而站着或说话时;她处于疯狂状态时;以及对于最初犯戒者而言。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti yo koci viññū dutiyo hoti, arahopekkhā, aññavihitā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
846 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园里。就在那个时候,跋陀迦毗罗尼比丘尼的一个随学弟子,她有一个男亲戚因为一些事情从某个村子来到了舍卫城。于是,那位比丘尼心里想:“世尊已经禁止在有遮蔽的地方与一个男人一对一地站在一起说话。”所以,她就和那个男人到了空旷无遮蔽的地方,一对一地站在一起,也说起了话。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们对此感到不满、非议、指责说:“这位比丘尼怎么能在空旷无遮蔽的地方,与一个男人一对一站在一起,还和他说话呢?”……(她们对佛陀说:)“诸比丘啊,这是真的吗?据说有一位比丘尼在空旷无遮蔽的地方,与一个男人一对一站在一起,也和他说话了?”(那位比丘尼回答:)“世尊,这是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘啊,这位比丘尼怎么能在空旷无遮蔽的地方,与一个男人一对一站在一起,还和他说话呢!诸比丘啊,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心,也不能让有信心的人增长信心……诸比丘啊,你们应该这样诵出这条学处:——”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddāya kāpilāniyā antevāsiniyā bhikkhuniyā ñātako puriso gāmakā sāvatthiṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī – ‘‘bhagavatā paṭikkhittaṃ paṭicchanne okāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhituṃ sallapitu’’nti teneva purisena saddhiṃ ajjhokāse ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī ajjhokāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ajjhokāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī ajjhokāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
847 若比丘尼在露地与男子一对一共立或交谈,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ajjhokāse purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭheyya vā sallapeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
848 “比丘尼”是指:任何……这样的……在……这个意义上被理解为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓的不隐蔽,是指墙壁、门、席、布幔、树、柱或谷仓等,任何一种情况都不能形成隐蔽。显示巴利原文
nāma appaṭicchanno hoti kuṭṭena vā kavāṭena vā kilañjena vā sāṇipākārena vā rukkhena vā thambhena vā kotthaḷiyā vā, yena kenaci appaṭicchanno hoti.
所谓的人类男子,是指非鬼、非亚卡、非畜生,是有觉知力、能够站立并交谈的人。显示巴利原文
nāma manussapuriso, na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato, viññū paṭibalo santiṭṭhituṃ sallapituṃ.
所谓的一对一,意思是仅有男子和比丘尼两人在一起。显示巴利原文
nti ekato. ti puriso ceva hoti bhikkhunī ca.
如果在男子的手可及范围内站立,就犯了波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse tiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果在男子的手可及范围内站立并交谈,就犯了波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse ṭhitā sallapati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果离开伸手可及的距离后,再站立或交谈,就犯了恶作罪。如果与亚卡、或鬼、或黄门、或具有男人形象的畜生一起站立或交谈,就犯了恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yakkhena vā petena vā paṇḍakena vā tiracchāgatamanussaviggahena vā saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
849 以下情况不犯:有任何一个有觉知力的人作为同伴;只是站着观望而不交谈;心不在焉地站着或交谈;是精神失常者;是最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti yo koci viññū dutiyo hoti, arahopekkhā, aññavihitā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
850 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼在街道、城门楼和十字路口等处,与男子一对一地站立、交谈,还说悄悄话,并把陪同的比丘尼支开。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……她们责备、批评、议论道:'圣者偷兰难陀怎么能在街道、城门楼和十字路口,与男子一对一地站立、交谈,还说悄悄话,并把陪同的比丘尼支开呢!'……(中略)……'诸位比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼确实在街道、城门楼和十字路口,与男子一对一地站立、交谈,还说悄悄话,并把陪同的比丘尼支开,这是真的吗?''是真的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责道……(中略)……'诸位比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能做这样的事呢!这不能让没有信心的人生起信心,也不能让已有信心的人信心增长……(中略)……诸位比丘,现在,比丘尼们应当如此诵出这条学处——'显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī rathikāyapi byūhepi siṅghāṭakepi purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipi nikaṇṇikampi jappeti dutiyikampi bhikkhuniṃ uyyojeti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā rathikāyapi byūhepi siṅghāṭakepi purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipi nikaṇṇikampi jappissati dutiyikampi bhikkhuniṃ uyyojessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī rathikāyapi byūhepi siṅghāṭakepi purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhatipi sallapatipi nikaṇṇikampi jappeti dutiyikampi bhikkhuniṃ uyyojetīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī rathikāyapi byūhepi siṅghāṭakepi purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭhissatipi sallapissatipi nikaṇṇikampi jappissati dutiyikampi bhikkhuniṃ uyyojessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
851 若比丘尼在街道、巷口或十字路与男子一对一共立、交谈、附耳私语,或支开同伴比丘尼,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī rathikāya vā byūhe vā siṅghāṭake vā purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā santiṭṭheyya vā sallapeyya vā nikaṇṇikaṃ vā jappeyya dutiyikaṃ vā bhikkhuniṃ uyyojeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
852 这里所说的“无论何种比丘尼”,指的是……(省略号)……她在这个意义上被定义为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
这里所说的“通道”,指的是街巷。所谓“通道”,是指从那里进去,也从那里出来的地方。这里所说的“广场”,是指十字路口。显示巴利原文
nāma racchā vuccati. nāma yeneva pavisanti teneva nikkhamanti. nāma caccaraṃ vuccati.
这里所说的“不是非人,不是亡魂,不是畜生”,是指一个人类男子,有辨识能力,能够站在那里、能够交谈。显示巴利原文
nāma manussapuriso na yakkho na peto na tiracchānagato viññū paṭibalo santiṭṭhituṃ sallapituṃ.
这里的“单独”,是指一对一的。这里的“与男子”,是指有男子,也有比丘尼。显示巴利原文
nti ekato. ti puriso ceva hoti bhikkhunī ca.
站在男子一臂的范围内,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse tiṭṭhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
站在男子一臂的范围内与他交谈,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa hatthapāse ṭhitā sallapati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
贴近男子的耳边说话,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti purisassa upakaṇṇake āroceti , āpatti pācittiyassa.
[故意犯戒]如果[比丘尼]想要做出不适当的行为,把那位陪同的比丘尼也支走,犯恶作。让她离开视线范围或听力所及范围,犯恶作。一旦离开了,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti anācāraṃ ācaritukāmā dutiyikampi bhikkhuniṃ uyyojeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vā savanūpacāraṃ vā vijahantiyā āpatti dukkaṭassa. Vijahite āpatti pācittiyassa.
离开了伸手可及的范围后,仍然站着或继续交谈,犯恶作。与夜叉、饿鬼、黄门或以畜生道形态出现的人,一同站立或交谈,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Hatthapāsaṃ vijahitvā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yakkhena vā petena vā paṇḍakena vā tiracchānagatamanussaviggahena vā saddhiṃ santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
853 无犯的情况是:任何有辨别能力的第二者作为陪同;以等待求教[更高僧团]的心态;因为别的事情而站着或交谈,并非想要做出不适当的行为;确有要事,支走了陪同的比丘尼;心神失常者;最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti yo koci viññū dutiyo hoti, arahopekkhā, aññavihitā santiṭṭhati vā sallapati vā, na anācāraṃ ācaritukāmā, sati karaṇīye dutiyikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ uyyojeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
854 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,有一位比丘尼是某居士家庭的固定护持者,享有常年的食物供养。有一天,那位比丘尼在午前时分,穿好下衣,拿了钵和外衣,前往那个家庭;到了之后,坐在座位上,没有告知主人就走了。那户人家的女奴正在打扫屋子,把那个座位塞进了杂物堆里。人们找不到那个座位,便对比丘尼说:‘圣尼,那个座位在哪儿?’‘贤友们,我没看见那个座位。’他们责备说:‘圣尼,快交出那个座位!’便中断了常年的食物供养。后来,那些人清理屋子时,在杂物堆里发现了那个座位。他们向那位比丘尼请求原谅,恢复了常年的食物供养。之后,那位比丘尼把这件事告诉了其他比丘尼。那些少欲的比丘尼们……指责、批评、谴责说:‘身为比丘尼,怎么能在接受正餐前走访俗人家,坐在座位上,不告知主人就擅自离开呢?’……‘诸比丘,听说确有比丘尼,在接受正餐前走访俗人家,坐在座位上,不告知主人就擅自离开,这是真的吗?’‘世尊,是真的。’佛陀世尊严厉呵责:……‘诸比丘,身为比丘尼,怎么能在接受正餐前走访俗人家,坐在座位上,不告知主人就擅自离开呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生信……(于是,)诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī aññatarassa kulassa kulūpikā hoti niccabhattikā. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena taṃ kulaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āsane nisīditvā sāmike anāpucchā pakkāmi. Tassa kulassa dāsī gharaṃ sammajjantī taṃ āsanaṃ bhājanantarikāya pakkhipi. Manussā taṃ āsanaṃ apassantā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kahaṃ taṃ, ayye, āsana’’nti? ‘‘Nāhaṃ taṃ, āvuso, āsanaṃ passāmī’’ti. ‘‘Dethāyye, taṃ āsana’’nti paribhāsitvā niccabhattaṃ pacchindiṃsu. Atha kho te manussā gharaṃ sodhentā taṃ āsanaṃ bhājanantarikāya passitvā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ khamāpetvā niccabhattaṃ paṭṭhapesuṃ. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī purebhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā āsane nisīditvā sāmike anāpucchā pakkamissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī purebhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā āsane nisīditvā sāmike anāpucchā pakkamatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave bhikkhunī purebhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā āsane nisīditvā sāmike anāpucchā pakkamissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
855 若比丘尼食前到人家、坐于座位后,未向主人告辞就离去,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī purebhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā āsane nisīditvā sāmike anāpucchā pakkameyya, pācittiya’’nti.
856 所谓‘比丘尼’者……即:……(乃至)……在此义理中为比丘尼(……)。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
名为‘在正餐前’的时间,是指从天亮到正午。显示巴利原文
nāma aruṇuggamanaṃ upādāya yāva majjhanhikā.
名为‘俗人家’有四种:刹帝利家、婆罗门家、吠舍家、成陀家。名为‘走访’是指去了那里。显示巴利原文
nāma cattāri kulāni – khattiyakulaṃ, brāhmaṇakulaṃ, vessakulaṃ, suddakulaṃ. ti tattha gantvā.
被称为‘盘腿坐具的空间’。即:坐在那上面。显示巴利原文
nāma pallaṅkassa okāso vuccati. ti tasmiṃ nisīditvā.
如果任何比丘尼进入俗人家后,在未告知、未征得该户知情男子同意的情况下,便越过坐具的范围内坐下或躺下,则犯波逸提罪。如果在露天处,越过坐具的使用范围,则犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti yo tasmiṃ kule manusso viññū taṃ anāpucchā anovassakaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa. Ajjhokāse upacāraṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
857 在未告知的情况下,心里也认为‘未告知’而离开,犯波逸提罪。在未告知的情况下,心里感到疑惑而离开,犯波逸提罪。在未告知的情况下,心里误认为‘已告知’而离开,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Anāpucchite anāpucchitasaññā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite vematikā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite āpucchitasaññā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在不是盘腿坐具使用范围的地方,犯恶作罪。在已告知的情况下,心里却认为‘未告知’,犯恶作罪。在已告知的情况下,心里感到疑惑,犯恶作罪。在已告知的情况下,心里也认为‘已告知’,则不犯。显示巴利原文
Pallaṅkassa anokāse āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite anāpucchitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite āpucchitasaññā, anāpatti.
858 不犯的情况是:告知后离开;在不可移动的物品上;生病时;遭遇危难时;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti āpucchā gacchati, asaṃhārime, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
859 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那段时间,偷兰难陀比丘尼在午后前往俗人家中,未征得主人同意,就直接在坐具上坐下乃至躺下。那些人们因为敬畏难为情,见到偷兰难陀比丘尼来了,既不坐下也不躺下。人们纷纷讥嫌、批评、表达不满:‘这位圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能在午后进入俗人家,不先问问主人,就在座位上随意坐下、躺下呢!’比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和不满。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们,也因此讥嫌、批评、表达不满:‘偷兰难陀尊者怎么能在午后进入俗人家,不先问问主人,就在座位上随意坐下、躺下呢!’……佛陀询问:‘诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的在午后进入俗人家,不先问问主人,就在座位上随意坐下、躺下,这是真的吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责道……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能这样做呢!这不能让未生信者生起信心,也不能让已生信者令其增长……’呵责后,又说法……然后对诸比丘说:‘诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā āsane abhinisīdatipi abhinipajjatipi. Manussā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ hirīyamānā āsane neva abhinisīdanti na abhinipajjanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā āsane abhinisīdissatipi abhinipajjissatipī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā āsane abhinisīdissatipi abhinipajjissatipī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā āsane abhinisīdatipi abhinipajjatipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave , thullanandā bhikkhunī pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā āsane abhinisīdissatipi abhinipajjissatipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
860 若比丘尼食后到人家,未问主人就在座位上坐下或躺卧,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā āsane abhinisīdeyya vā abhinipajjeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
861 ‘任何’指……(比丘尼的性质如同前述所说明的那样)。‘如是这般’……在此律义中,意指的是这样的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
意思是,从正午已过,直到太阳落山。显示巴利原文
nāma majjhanhike vītivatte yāva atthaṅgate sūriye.
意思是四类家庭:刹帝利家、婆罗门家、吠舍家、首陀罗家。去到那里。显示巴利原文
nāma cattāri kulāni – khattiyakulaṃ, brāhmaṇakulaṃ, vessakulaṃ, suddakulaṃ. ti tattha gantvā.
意思是,在那个家庭中,那个有权作主给予的男人,不先问过他。显示巴利原文
ti yo tasmiṃ kule manusso sāmiko dātuṃ, taṃ anāpucchā.
意思是,指座位所在的区域。显示巴利原文
nāma pallaṅkassa okāso vuccati.
意思是,在那个地方坐上去,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti tasmiṃ abhinisīdati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
意思是,在那个地方躺下去,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti tasmiṃ abhinipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
862 在未先问过的情况下,心里也以为没问过,而在座位上坐下或躺下,犯波逸提罪。在未先问过的情况下,心里有疑惑,而在座位上坐下或躺下,犯波逸提罪。在未先问过的情况下,心里以为问过了,而在座位上坐下或躺下,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Anāpucchite anāpucchitasaññā āsane abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite vematikā āsane abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite āpucchitasaññā āsane abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在不是座位的地方,犯恶作罪。在已经问过的情况下,心里以为没问过,犯恶作罪。在已经问过的情况下,心里有疑惑,犯恶作罪。在已经问过的情况下,心里也以为问过了,不犯。显示巴利原文
Pallaṅkassa anokāse āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite anāpucchitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa . Āpucchite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite āpucchitasaññā, anāpatti.
863 无犯:问询后在座上靠近坐或靠近卧;在有常设床铺之处;生病时;有灾难时;疯癫的比丘尼;最初犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti āpucchā āsane abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, dhuvapaññatte, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
864 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,众多比丘尼在拘萨罗国境内行进,前往舍卫城,傍晚时进入某个村落,拜访了一户婆罗门家,并请求借宿。那位婆罗门女便对那些比丘尼说:“诸位圣尼,请稍等,等婆罗门主人回来。”比丘尼们便铺好卧具,等待婆罗门主人回来;她们中有的坐着,有的躺下休息。后来,那位婆罗门主人在夜间回来,对那婆罗门女说:“这些是谁?”她说:“是比丘尼,主人。”他说:“把这些秃头绑匪女赶出去!”便将她们赶出了屋子。于是,那些比丘尼到达舍卫城后,将此事禀告了比丘尼们。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们纷纷讥嫌、责备、呵斥道:“你们比丘尼怎么能在非时拜访俗人家,不征得男主人同意就铺开卧具坐在上面,甚至躺在上面呢!”……“诸位比丘,听闻比丘尼在非时拜访俗人家,不征得男主人同意就铺开卧具坐在上面,甚至躺在上面,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸位比丘,比丘尼怎么能在非时拜访俗人家,不征得男主人同意就铺开卧具坐在上面,甚至躺在上面呢!诸位比丘,这不能让那些未生信的人生信……诸位比丘,比丘尼应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhuniyo kosalesu janapade sāvatthiṃ gacchantiyo sāyaṃ aññataraṃ gāmaṃ upagantvā aññataraṃ brāhmaṇakulaṃ upasaṅkamitvā okāsaṃ yāciṃsu. Atha kho sā brāhmaṇī tā bhikkhuniyo etadavoca – ‘‘āgametha, ayye, yāva brāhmaṇo āgacchatī’’ti. Bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘yāva brāhmaṇo āgacchatī’’ti seyyaṃ santharitvā ekaccā nisīdiṃsu ekaccā nipajjiṃsu. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo rattiṃ āgantvā taṃ brāhmaṇiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kā imā’’ti? ‘‘Bhikkhuniyo, ayyā’’ti. ‘‘Nikkaḍḍhatha imā muṇḍā bandhakiniyo’’ti, gharato nikkaḍḍhāpesi. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo sāvatthiṃ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo vikāle kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā seyyaṃ santharitvā abhinisīdissantipi abhinipajjissantipī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo vikāle kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā seyyaṃ santharitvā abhinisīdantipi abhinipajjantipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo vikāle kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā seyyaṃ santharitvā abhinisīdissantipi abhinipajjissantipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
865 若比丘尼非时到人家,未问主人就铺设卧具而坐卧,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī vikāle kulāni upasaṅkamitvā sāmike anāpucchā seyyaṃ santharitvā vā santharāpetvā vā abhinisīdeyya vā abhinipajjeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
866 ……即是这样那样的……此处所指的是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“非时”是指日落后至破晓前这段时间。显示巴利原文
nāma atthaṅgate sūriye yāva aruṇuggamanā.
“四种家”是指:王族家、婆罗门家、庶民家、贱民家。“拜访”是指到了那里。显示巴利原文
nāma cattāri kulāni – khattiyakulaṃ, brāhmaṇakulaṃ, vessakulaṃ suddakulaṃ. ti tattha gantvā.
“男主人”是指那家中有权力给予的男子,不征得他的同意。显示巴利原文
ti yo tasmiṃ kule manusso sāmiko dātuṃ, taṃ anāpucchā.
“卧具”是指哪怕是用树叶铺成的床铺。“铺开”是指自己铺;“让人铺开”是指叫别人铺。“靠近坐”是指在那上面靠近坐,犯波逸提。“靠近卧”是指在那上面靠近卧,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma antamaso paṇṇasanthāropi. ti sayaṃ santharitvā. ti aññaṃ santharāpetvā. ti tasmiṃ abhinisīdati, āpatti pācittiyassa. ti tasmiṃ abhinipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
867 在没有请问的情况下,以为是没请问,自己铺了坐具,或叫人铺了之后,在上面坐下或躺下,犯波逸提。没有请问,但心有疑惑,自己铺了坐具,或叫人铺了之后,在上面坐下或躺下,犯波逸提。没有请问,却以为是已请问,自己铺了坐具,或叫人铺了之后,在上面坐下或躺下,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Anāpucchite anāpucchitasaññā seyyaṃ santharitvā vā santharāpetvā vā abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite vematikā seyyaṃ santharitvā vā santharāpetvā vā abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite āpucchitasaññā seyyaṃ santharitvā vā santharāpetvā vā abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在已请问的情况下,以为是没请问,犯恶作。已请问,但心有疑惑,犯恶作。已请问,也以为是已请问,不犯。显示巴利原文
Āpucchite anāpucchitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite āpucchitasaññā, anāpatti.
868 不犯情况:在请问之后,自己铺坐具或叫人铺了,在上面坐下或躺下;生病时;遭遇危难时;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti āpucchā seyyaṃ santharitvā vā santharāpetvā vā abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
869 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,跋陀迦毗罗尼的一位随从比丘尼很恭敬地照料跋陀迦毗罗尼。跋陀迦毗罗尼对比丘尼们说:“圣者们,这位比丘尼很恭敬地照料我,我要给她一件袈裟。”随后,那位比丘尼因为错误领会、错误理解,去向别人抱怨说:“圣者们,听说我并没有恭敬地照料圣者,听说圣者不会给我袈裟了。”那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……对此不满、指责、批评:“比丘尼怎么可以因为错误领会、错误理解就去向人抱怨呢?”……“诸比丘,是真的吗?有比丘尼因为错误领会、错误理解去向人抱怨?”他们答:“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么可以因为错误领会、错误理解去向人抱怨呢!这不能让没信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddāya kāpilāniyā antevāsinī bhikkhunī bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭheti. Bhaddā kāpilānī bhikkhuniyo etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ maṃ, ayye, bhikkhunī sakkacaṃ upaṭṭheti, imissāhaṃ cīvaraṃ dassāmī’’ti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī duggahitena dūpadhāritena paraṃ ujjhāpesi – ‘‘ahaṃ kirāyye, ayyaṃ na sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhemi, na kira me ayyā cīvaraṃ dassatī’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī duggahitena dūpadhāritena paraṃ ujjhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī duggahitena dūpadhāritena paraṃ ujjhāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī duggahitena dūpadhāritena paraṃ ujjhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
870 若比丘尼因误解、误记而无端嫌责他人,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī duggahitena dūpadhāritena paraṃ ujjhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
871 所谓比丘尼,就是……像这样的……在这里所指的,就是比丘尼。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“以错取义”,是指错误地领受。”显示巴利原文
ti aññathā gahitena .
所谓“以错解义”,是指错误地理解。”显示巴利原文
ti aññathā upadhāritena.
向完全受戒者抱怨,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti upasampannaṃ ujjhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
872 对完全受戒者,有完全受戒者想而抱怨,犯波逸提。对完全受戒者,有疑而抱怨,犯波逸提。对完全受戒者,有未完全受戒者想而抱怨,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā ujjhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā ujjhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā ujjhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
向未完全受戒者抱怨,犯恶作。对未完全受戒者,有完全受戒者想,犯恶作。对未完全受戒者,有疑,犯恶作。对未完全受戒者,有未完全受戒者想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Anupasampannaṃ ujjhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
873 无犯:精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
874 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有些比丘尼因为找不到自己的物品,对旃陀迦利比丘尼这样说:“圣尼,您看到我们的物品了吗?”旃陀迦利比丘尼抱怨、批评、谴责道:“难道只有我是贼,难道只有我是无耻之人吗?那些圣尼们找不到自己的物品,就这样对我说:‘圣尼,您看到我们的物品了吗?’圣尼们,如果我真的拿了你们的物品,就让我不是沙门,就让我退失梵行,就让我投生地狱;但那不实地说我的人,也让她不是沙门,也让她退失梵行,也让她投生地狱吧!”那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……她们抱怨、批评、谴责道:“旃陀迦利圣尼怎么能用下地狱和退失梵行来诅咒自己也诅咒别人呢!”……“诸比丘,听说旃陀迦利比丘尼真的用下地狱和退失梵行来诅咒自己也诅咒别人,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸比丘,旃陀迦利比丘尼怎么能用下地狱和退失梵行来诅咒自己也诅咒别人呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo attano bhaṇḍakaṃ apassantiyo caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘apāyye, amhākaṃ, bhaṇḍakaṃ passeyyāsī’’ti? Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘ahameva nūna corī, ahameva nūna alajjinī, yā ayyāyo attano bhaṇḍakaṃ apassantiyo tā maṃ evamāhaṃsu – ‘apāyye, amhākaṃ bhaṇḍakaṃ passeyyāsī’ti? Sacāhaṃ, ayye, tumhākaṃ bhaṇḍakaṃ gaṇhāmi, assamaṇī homi, brahmacariyā cavāmi, nirayaṃ upapajjāmi; yā pana maṃ abhūtena evamāha sāpi assamaṇī hotu, brahmacariyā cavatu, nirayaṃ upapajjatū’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī attānampi parampi nirayenapi brahmacariyenapi abhisapissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī attānampi parampi nirayenapi brahmacariyenapi abhisapatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī attānampi parampi nirayenapi brahmacariyenapi abhisapissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
875 若比丘尼以地狱或梵行咒诅自己或他人,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī attānaṃ vā paraṃ vā nirayena vā brahmacariyena vā abhisapeyya, pācittiyya’’nti.
876 “比丘尼”者,是指无论任何……此处,在此意义上,所指的即是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“对自己”……“对别人”……“对完全受戒者”。用下地狱或退失梵行来诅咒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti paccattaṃ. nti upasampannaṃ. Nirayena vā brahmacariyena vā abhisapati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
877 对已受具足戒者,以具足戒者想,用地狱或以梵行来诅咒,犯波逸提。对已受具足戒者,心有疑虑,用地狱或以梵行来诅咒,犯波逸提。对已受具足戒者,以未受具足戒者想,用地狱或以梵行来诅咒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā nirayena vā brahmacariyena vā abhisapati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā nirayena vā brahmacariyena vā abhisapati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā nirayena vā brahmacariyena vā abhisapati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
用畜生道、饿鬼趣或人间的灾祸来诅咒,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者诅咒,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,以具足戒者想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,心有疑虑,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,以未受具足戒者想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Tiracchānayoniyā vā pettivisayena vā manussadobhaggena vā abhisapati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannaṃ abhisapati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
878 无犯的情况是:以说事为目的、以说法为目的、以教导为目的、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti atthapurekkhārāya, dhammapurekkhārāya, anusāsanipurekkhārāya, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
879 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,旃陀迦利比丘尼与比丘尼们争吵后,一次次地打自己,然后哭泣。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们讥嫌、批评、指责道:“圣尼旃陀迦利怎么能一次次打自己、哭泣呢?”……“诸比丘,听说旃陀迦利比丘尼确实一次次打自己、哭泣,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸比丘,旃陀迦利比丘尼怎么能一次次打自己、哭泣呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,能让已生信者退心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi saddhiṃ bhaṇḍitvā attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodati. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
880 若比丘尼捶打自身而哭,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
881 无论何种……凡……者……这在此义理中就指比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
者,是自打。她一次次打自己、哭泣,犯波逸提。打自己但不哭泣,犯恶作。哭泣但不打自己,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
nti paccattaṃ. Vadhitvā vadhitvā rodati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Vadhati na rodati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Rodati na vadhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
882 无犯的情况是:遭遇亲人祸事、遭遇财产祸事、遭遇疾病祸事而触景生情,哭泣但不自打;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ñātibyasanena vā bhogabyasanena vā rogabyasanena vā phuṭṭhā rodati na vadhati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 裸体品显示巴利原文
3. Naggavaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
883 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,有好些比丘尼在阿致罗筏底河里,和妓女们一起,光着身子在同一个渡口沐浴。那些妓女嘲笑这些比丘尼说:'诸位圣尼,你们年纪轻轻就来修清净行,这是何苦呢?妙欲之乐难道不该享受吗?等到你们老了,再去修清净行也不迟啊。这样,你们人生的两种好处不就都得到了吗?'被妓女们这般嘲笑,那些比丘尼感到非常难堪。于是,那些比丘尼回到住处,把这件事告诉了其他比丘尼。比丘尼们又告诉了诸比丘。诸比丘把这事禀告了世尊。那时,世尊以这个因缘、这件事,先说了与法相应的话,然后对诸比丘说:'那么,诸比丘,我为比丘尼们制定一条学处,是本着十种利益:为了僧团的优越……乃至……为了扶助律制。诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——'显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhuniyo aciravatiyā nadiyā vesiyāhi saddhiṃ naggā ekatitthe nahāyanti. Vesiyā tā bhikkhuniyo uppaṇḍesuṃ – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho nāma tumhākaṃ, ayye, daharānaṃ brahmacariyaṃ ciṇṇena, nanu nāma kāmā paribhuñjitabbā ! Yadā jiṇṇā bhavissatha tadā brahmacariyaṃ carissatha. Evaṃ tumhākaṃ ubho atthā pariggahitā bhavissantī’’ti. Bhikkhuniyo vesiyāhi uppaṇḍiyamānā maṅkū ahesuṃ. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo upassayaṃ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmi dasa atthavase paṭicca – saṅghasuṭṭhutāya…pe… vinayānuggahāya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
884 若比丘尼裸体洗浴,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī naggā nahāyeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
885 '凡由如此这般方式……行……者……在此处所指的就是比丘尼。'显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
'若不穿衣或不覆体而沐浴,在行动过程中犯恶作。待沐浴完毕时,犯波逸提。'显示巴利原文
ti anivatthā vā apārutā vā nahāyati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Nahānapariyosāne āpatti pācittiyassa.
886 无犯:若衣被抢走或遗失,遭遇灾难时,精神失常者,最初犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti acchinnacīvarikāya vā naṭṭhacīvarikāya vā, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
887 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,世尊已允许比丘尼使用浴衣。六群比丘尼心想:'世尊既然允许了浴衣。'她们就使用起尺寸不合规的浴衣,在前面拖一截,在后面拖一截,就这样拖着到处走。那些少欲的比丘尼……她们对此感到不满、非难、批评道:'六群比丘尼怎么能使用尺寸不合规的浴衣呢?'……'诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的使用了尺寸不合规的浴衣吗?''是真的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责道:'诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎能使用尺寸不合规的浴衣!这既不能让未生信者生信……乃至……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——'显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ udakasāṭikā anuññātā hoti . Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘bhagavatā udakasāṭikā anuññātā’’ti appamāṇikāyo udakasāṭikāyo dhāresuṃ . Puratopi pacchatopi ākaḍḍhantā āhiṇḍanti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo appamāṇikāyo udakasāṭikāyo dhāressantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo appamāṇikāyo udakasāṭikāyo dhārentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo appamāṇikāyo udakasāṭikāyo dhāressanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
888 比丘尼制作浴衣应依量:长四张手(善逝张手),宽二张手;超过此,应截短,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Udakasāṭikaṃ pana bhikkhuniyā kārayamānāya pamāṇikā kāretabbā. Tatridaṃ pamāṇaṃ – dīghaso catasso vidatthiyo, sugatavidatthiyā; tiriyaṃ dve vidatthiyo. Taṃ atikkāmentiyā chedanakaṃ pācittiya’’nti.
889 穿着衣服洗浴时。显示巴利原文
nāma yāya nivatthā nahāyati.
自己做或让别人做时。显示巴利原文
ti karontiyā vā kārāpentiyā vā.
应该按规定尺寸制作浴衣。这里有个尺寸标准:长度四张,为善逝张开手量的长度;宽度两张。超过这个尺寸去做或让人做,在准备时犯恶作。拿到浴衣后须剪短再忏悔波逸提。显示巴利原文
Pamāṇikā kāretabbā. Tatridaṃ pamāṇaṃ – dīghaso catasso vidatthiyo, sugatavidatthiyā; tiriyaṃ dve vidatthiyo. Taṃ atikkāmetvā karoti vā kārāpeti vā, payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Paṭilābhena chinditvā pācittiyaṃ desetabbaṃ.
890 自己开始做、自己完成,犯波逸提。自己开始做、让别人完成,犯波逸提。别人开始做、自己完成,犯波逸提。别人开始做、别人完成,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Attanā vippakataṃ attanā pariyosāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa . Attanā vippakataṃ parehi pariyosāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Parehi vippakataṃ attanā pariyosāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Parehi vippakataṃ parehi pariyosāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
为别人做或让人做,犯恶作。拿到别人做好的浴衣而使用,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Aññassatthāya karoti vā kārāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Aññena kataṃ paṭilabhitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
891 无犯情况:按规定尺寸做;做得比标准小;拿到别人做好但尺寸超标的浴衣,剪短后再使用;做天幕、地毡、布围墙、床垫、枕头时;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti pamāṇikaṃ karoti, ūnakaṃ karoti, aññena kataṃ pamāṇātikkantaṃ paṭilabhitvā chinditvā paribhuñjati, vitānaṃ vā bhūmattharaṇaṃ vā sāṇipākāraṃ vā bhisiṃ vā bibbohanaṃ vā karoti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
892 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时候,有位比丘尼用一块很贵的衣料,做成了一件做工粗糙、缝得不好的袈裟。偷兰难陀比丘尼对她这样说:“圣尼,你这块衣料真好看,可袈裟做得太粗糙,缝得太差了。”那位比丘尼说:“那我拆了它,圣尼,您能帮我缝吗?”“好的,圣尼,我帮你缝。”于是那位比丘尼把袈裟拆开,交给了偷兰难陀比丘尼。偷兰难陀比丘尼口口声声说“我缝我缝”,却既不自己缝,也不找人安排缝制。那位比丘尼就把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能让比丘尼把袈裟拆了,然后既不自己缝,也不找人安排缝呢?”……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的让比丘尼把袈裟拆了,然后既不自己缝,也不找人安排缝吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能让比丘尼把袈裟拆了,然后既不自己缝,也不找人安排缝呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarissā bhikkhuniyā mahagghe cīvaradusse cīvaraṃ dukkaṭaṃ hoti dussibbitaṃ. Thullanandā bhikkhunī taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sundaraṃ kho idaṃ te, ayye, cīvaradussaṃ; cīvarañca kho dukkaṭaṃ dussibbita’’nti. ‘‘Visibbemi, ayye, sibbissasī’’ti? ‘‘Āmāyye, sibbissāmī’’ti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī taṃ cīvaraṃ visibbetvā thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā adāsi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘sibbissāmi sibbissāmī’’ti neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ visibbāpetvā neva sibbissati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ visibbāpetvā neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ visibbāpetvā neva sibbissati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
893 若比丘尼拆了(另一)比丘尼的衣(或令拆),后来无障难却既不缝、也不努力使人缝,过四五日,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva sibbeyya na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, aññatra catūhapañcāhā, pācittiya’’nti.
894 在这里,所谓“比丘尼”,即……(省略)……在此意义上,本条戒中所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
来自其他比丘尼的。显示巴利原文
ti aññāya bhikkhuniyā.
指六种袈裟中的任何一种袈裟。显示巴利原文
nāma channaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññataraṃ cīvaraṃ.
"自己拆开之后",指自己拆开;"让别人拆开之后",指让别人拆开。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ visibbetvā. ti aññaṃ visibbāpetvā.
在没有障碍的情况下。显示巴利原文
ti asati antarāye.
"自己不缝",指不自己动手缝;"不吩咐别人",指不让别人缝。显示巴利原文
ti na sayaṃ sibbeyya. ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya.
除非过了四五天。当她丢下“我不自己缝,也不找人缝”的责任时,就犯了波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti ṭhapetvā catūhapañcāhaṃ. ‘‘Neva sibbissāmi na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
895 对象是已受具足戒的比丘尼,且她认为对方是已受具足戒者,拆开了袈裟或让人拆开了袈裟,之后在没有障碍的情况下,既不自己缝,也不找人缝,过了四五天,犯波逸提。对象是已受具足戒的比丘尼,但她不确定,拆开了袈裟或让人拆开了袈裟……犯波逸提。对象是已受具足戒的比丘尼,但她认为对方不是已受具足戒者,拆开了袈裟或让人拆开了袈裟……犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā cīvaraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, aññatra catūhapañcāhā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā cīvaraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, aññatra catūhapañcāhā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā cīvaraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, aññatra catūhapañcāhā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对于其他的资具,自己拆开或叫人拆开后,后来在没有障碍的情况下,她既不自己缝,也不努力请人缝,除了在四五天之内,犯恶作。对于未受具足戒者,衣或其他的资具,自己拆开或叫人拆开后,后来在没有障碍的情况下,她既不自己缝,也不努力请人缝,除了在四五天之内,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者有受具足戒想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者有疑想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者有未受具足戒想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Aññaṃ parikkhāraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, aññatra catūhapañcāhā, āpatti dukkaṭassa . Anupasampannāya cīvaraṃ vā aññaṃ vā parikkhāraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva sibbati na sibbāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, aññatra catūhapañcāhā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
896 无犯的情况是:有障碍时,寻找后找不到,她在制作过程中超过了四五天,生病时,在危难中,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, karontī catūhapañcāhaṃ atikkāmeti, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
897 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,有比丘尼将衣存放在其他比丘尼那里,只穿着里衣和外衣就外出人间游行了。那些衣存放久了被虫蛀坏。那些比丘尼把衣拿去晒。其他比丘尼问她们:“大姊,这些被虫蛀的衣是谁的啊?”于是,那些比丘尼就把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能把衣存放在其他比丘尼那里,只穿着里衣和外衣就外出人间游行呢?”……“诸比丘,这是真的吗?比丘尼们将衣存放在其他比丘尼那里,只穿着里衣和外衣就外出人间游行?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能把衣存放在其他比丘尼那里,只穿着里衣和外衣就外出人间游行呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,也不能让已生信者增长……诸比丘,现在,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo bhikkhunīnaṃ hatthe cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā santaruttarena janapadacārikaṃ pakkamanti. Tāni cīvarāni ciraṃ nikkhittāni kaṇṇakitāni honti. Tāni bhikkhuniyo otāpenti. Bhikkhuniyo tā bhikkhuniyo etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kassimāni , ayye, cīvarāni kaṇṇakitānī’’ti? Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo bhikkhunīnaṃ hatthe cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā santaruttarena janapadacārikaṃ pakkamissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhikkhunīnaṃ hatthe cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā santaruttarena janapadacārikaṃ pakkamantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhikkhunīnaṃ hatthe cīvaraṃ nikkhipitvā santaruttarena janapadacārikaṃ pakkamissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
898 若比丘尼超过五日不依轮次着用僧伽帝,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā panabhikkhunī pañcāhikaṃ saṅghāṭicāraṃsaṅghāṭivāraṃ (syā.)atikkāmeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
899 在这里,所谓比丘尼,就是指这样的……在这里,是指这位比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
在第五天,五衣既不穿着下衣,也不披着上衣,也不晒,超过第五天,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti pañcamaṃ divasaṃ pañca cīvarāni neva nivāseti na pārupati na otāpeti, pañcamaṃ divasaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
900 超过五天,有超过想,犯波逸提。超过五天,有疑想,犯波逸提。超过五天,有未超过想,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Pañcāhātikkante atikkantasaññā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Pañcāhātikkante vematikā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Pañcāhātikkante anatikkantasaññā , āpatti pācittiyassa.
已超过五天,有超过想,犯恶作。已超过五天,有疑想,犯恶作。已超过五天,有未超过想,不犯。显示巴利原文
Pañcāhānatikkante atikkantasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Pañcāhānatikkante vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Pañcāhānatikkante anatikkantasaññā, anāpatti.
901 不犯:如果她在第五天穿着、披着或晾晒五件衣;如果她生病;如果遇到灾难;如果她是精神失常者;如果她是初犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti pañcamaṃ divasaṃ pañca cīvarāni nivāseti vā pārupati vā otāpeti vā, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
902 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位比丘尼乞食回来,把湿衣服铺开后,进入了自己的住所。另一位比丘尼披上那件衣服,进村乞食去了。前一位比丘尼出来后就问其他比丘尼:“姐妹们,你们有没有看到我的衣服?”比丘尼们把这件事告诉了她。于是,这位比丘尼就埋怨、批评、指责说:“怎么会有比丘尼不事先问我就披我的衣服呢!”随后,这位比丘尼把这件事告诉了其他比丘尼。那些少欲知足的比丘尼……也都埋怨、批评、指责说:“怎么会有比丘尼不事先问别的比丘尼就披她的衣服呢!”……“诸比丘,听说有比丘尼没问别的比丘尼就披了她的衣服,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,一个比丘尼怎么能不事先问别的比丘尼就披她的衣服呢!诸比丘,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī piṇḍāya caritvā allacīvaraṃ pattharitvā vihāraṃ pāvisi. Aññatarā bhikkhunī taṃ cīvaraṃ pārupitvā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Sā nikkhamitvā bhikkhuniyo pucchi – ‘‘apāyye, mayhaṃ cīvaraṃ passeyyāthā’’ti? Bhikkhuniyo tassā bhikkhuniyā etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī mayhaṃ cīvaraṃ anāpucchā pārupissatī’’ti! Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ anāpucchā pārupissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ anāpucchā pārupatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ anāpucchā pārupissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
903 若比丘尼穿用应归还他人的(借)衣,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī cīvarasaṅkamanīyaṃ dhāreyya, pācittiya’’nti.
904 ……像这样,这里所指的比丘尼,就是在此意义上的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
任何比丘尼,如果对一位已受具足戒的比丘尼,没有从她那里得到给予,也没有事先问过她,就穿着或披上她五件衣中的任何一件衣,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma upasampannāya pañcannaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññataraṃ cīvaraṃ tassā vā adinnaṃ taṃ vā anāpucchā nivāseti vā pārupati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
905 对已受具足戒者,有已受具足戒想,持有那位比丘尼应交换的衣,犯波逸提。对已受具足戒者,有疑惑,持有那位比丘尼应交换的衣,犯波逸提。对已受具足戒者,有未受具足戒想,持有那位比丘尼应交换的衣,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā cīvarasaṅkamanīyaṃ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā cīvarasaṅkamanīyaṃ dhāreti , āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā cīvarasaṅkamanīyaṃ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa .
对未受具足戒者,持有衣的传递物,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,有已受具足戒想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,有疑惑,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,有未受具足戒想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Anupasampannāya cīvarasaṅkamanīyaṃ dhāreti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
906 不犯:如果那位比丘尼把衣给了她;或者她事先问过那位比丘尼之后穿着或披着;如果她的衣被抢走;如果她的衣丢失;如果遇到灾难;如果她是精神失常者;如果她是初犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sā vā deti, taṃ vā āpucchā nivāseti vā pārupati vā, acchinnacīvarikāya, naṭṭhacīvarikāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
907 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,有一位护持偷兰难陀比丘尼的在家信徒家,对偷兰难陀比丘尼这样说:“圣尼,我们要供养袈裟给比丘尼僧团。”偷兰难陀比丘尼却说:“你们事务繁忙,有很多事要做。”就这样从中作梗。后来,那户人家的房子着火了。那些人就抱怨、指责、讥讽说:“为什么圣尼偷兰难陀要阻挠我们对僧团的供养?这下我们两方面都落空了,既失去了财产,也失去了福德。”比丘尼们听到了那些人抱怨、指责、讥讽的话。那些少欲的比丘尼们就抱怨、指责、讥讽说:“为什么圣尼偷兰难陀要阻碍僧团获得袈裟?”……“诸比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的阻碍了僧团获得袈裟,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能阻碍僧团获得袈裟呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,也不能让已生信者增长信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵念这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā upaṭṭhākakulaṃ thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhunisaṅghassa, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassāmā’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘tumhe bahukiccā bahukaraṇīyā’’ti antarāyaṃ akāsi. Tena kho pana samayena tassa kulassa gharaṃ ḍayhati. Te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā amhākaṃ deyyadhammaṃ antarāyaṃ karissati! Ubhayenāmha paribāhirā , bhogehi ca puññena cā’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ . Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā gaṇassa cīvaralābhaṃ antarāyaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī gaṇassa cīvaralābhaṃ antarāyaṃ akāsīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī gaṇassa cīvaralābhaṃ antarāyaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
908 若比丘尼障碍僧团(大众)得衣的分配,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī gaṇassa cīvaralābhaṃ antarāyaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
909 “比丘尼”在此是指任何……(身份)……她在这一义理上被认可为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“僧团”是指比丘尼僧团。显示巴利原文
nāma bhikkhunisaṅgho vuccati.
“袈裟”是指六种袈裟中任何一种可以分配的最下等的袈裟。显示巴利原文
nāma channaṃ cīvarānaṃ aññataraṃ cīvaraṃ vikappanupagaṃ pacchimaṃ.
意图阻挠,心想“怎样才能让这些人得不到袈裟”,就这样作梗,犯波逸提。阻碍其他资具,犯粗罪。阻碍多位比丘尼,或一位比丘尼,或未受具足戒者获得袈裟或其他资具,犯粗罪。显示巴利原文
ti ‘‘kathaṃ ime cīvaraṃ na dadeyyu’’nti antarāyaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Aññaṃ parikkhāraṃ antarāyaṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sambahulānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vā ekabhikkhuniyā vā anupasampannāya vā cīvaraṃ vā aññaṃ vā parikkhāraṃ antarāyaṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
910 不犯的情况是:说明了供养的利益之后劝止;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā nivāreti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
911 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼僧团得到了一件非时袈裟。于是比丘尼僧团想分配这件袈裟,便集合起来。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼的随从比丘尼们外出了。偷兰难陀比丘尼对这些比丘尼们这样说:“圣尼们,有比丘尼外出了,现在先不要分衣。”她就阻止了如法的分衣。比丘尼们因为“现在先不要分衣”这话,就离开了。等到自己的随从比丘尼们回来之后,偷兰难陀比丘尼才让人分配了那件袈裟。那些少欲的比丘尼们……就抱怨、指责、讥讽说:“为什么圣尼偷兰难陀要阻止如法的分衣呢?”……“诸比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的阻止了如法的分衣,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能阻止如法的分衣呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵念这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhunisaṅghassa akālacīvaraṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhikkhunisaṅgho taṃ cīvaraṃ bhājetukāmo sannipati. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā antevāsiniyo bhikkhuniyo pakkantā honti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī tā bhikkhuniyo etadavoca – ‘‘ayye, bhikkhuniyo pakkantā, na tāva cīvaraṃ bhājīyissatī’’ti. Cīvaravibhaṅgaṃ paṭibāhi. Bhikkhuniyo na tāva cīvaraṃ bhājīyissatīti pakkamiṃsu . Thullanandā bhikkhunī antevāsinīsu bhikkhunīsu āgatāsu taṃ cīvaraṃ bhājāpesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā dhammikaṃ cīvaravibhaṅgaṃ paṭibāhissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dhammikaṃ cīvaravibhaṅgaṃ paṭibāhatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dhammikaṃ cīvaravibhaṅgaṃ paṭibāhissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
912 若比丘尼阻遮如法的分衣,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī dhammikaṃ cīvaravibhaṅgaṃpaṭibāheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
913 凡此类的……(省略)……在此意义上,所说的比丘尼就是这样。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓的衣料分配:和合的比丘尼僧团聚集后进行分配。显示巴利原文
nāma cīvaravibhaṅgo samaggo bhikkhunisaṅgho sannipatitvā bhājeti.
‘怎么,你们不分配这件衣料吗?’——这样阻止的,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti kathaṃ imaṃ cīvaraṃ na bhājeyyāti paṭibāhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
914 对于如法的(分配),有“如法”想而阻止,犯波逸提。对于如法的,有疑惑而阻止,犯恶作。对于如法的,有“非法”想而阻止,不犯。对于非法的,有“如法”想而阻止,犯恶作。对于非法的,有疑惑而阻止,犯恶作。对于非法的,有“非法”想而阻止,不犯。显示巴利原文
Dhammike dhammikasaññā paṭibāhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammike vematikā paṭibāhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dhammike adhammikasaññā paṭibāhati, anāpatti. Adhammike dhammikasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammike vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammike adhammikasaññā, anāpatti.
915 无犯:为说明利益而阻止;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā paṭibāhati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
916 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼把沙门衣给舞者、歌手、杂技演员、哀悼歌手、鼓手,并说:‘在我的随众里称赞我。’舞者、歌手、杂技演员、哀悼歌手、鼓手们就在偷兰难陀比丘尼的随众里称赞她:‘圣尼偷兰难陀多闻、能言、自信、善巧说法;请供养圣尼吧,为圣尼做事吧!’那些少欲的比丘尼们讥嫌、批评、指责:‘圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能把沙门衣给在家人呢?’……‘诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼把沙门衣给在家人,是真的吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责:‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能把沙门衣给在家人呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生信……能使已生信者退心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī naṭānampi naṭakānampi laṅghakānampi sokajjhāyikānampi kumbhathūṇikānampi samaṇacīvaraṃ deti – ‘‘mayhaṃ parisati vaṇṇaṃ bhāsathā’’ti. Naṭāpi naṭakāpi laṅghakāpi sokajjhāyikāpi kumbhathūṇikāpi thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā parisati vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti – ‘‘ayyā thullanandā bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ; detha ayyāya, karotha ayyāyā’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā, tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā agārikassa samaṇacīvaraṃ dassatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī agārikassa samaṇacīvaraṃ detīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī agārikassa samaṇacīvaraṃ dassati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
917 若比丘尼把沙门衣给与在家人、普行男外道或普行女外道,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī agārikassa vā paribbājakassa vā paribbājikāya vā samaṇacīvaraṃ dadeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
918 这里的“比丘尼”是指:凡是……(此中省略重复)……在这个意义上被理解的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“在家人”是指:任何居住在家的人。显示巴利原文
nāma yo koci agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.
“外道”是指:除了比丘和沙马内拉之外,任何具备出家身份的人。显示巴利原文
nāma bhikkhuñca sāmaṇerañca ṭhapetvā yo koci paribbājakasamāpanno.
“外道女”是指:除了比丘尼、学法女和沙马内莉之外,任何具备出家身份的女性。显示巴利原文
nāma bhikkhuniñca sikkhamānañca sāmaṇeriñca ṭhapetvā yā kāci paribbājikasamāpannā.
“蓄意剃除”是指:这样做并给予,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma kappakataṃ vuccati. Deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
919 不犯的情况是:给父母、暂时性地给、在疯狂时、是第一个犯戒的人。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti mātāpitūnaṃ deti, tāvakālikaṃ deti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
920 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。在那段时间,有一位护持偷兰难陀比丘尼的在家信众家,向偷兰难陀比丘尼提出:‘大姊,如果我们有能力,我们会供养僧团衣物的。’那时,正好是比丘尼们雨安居结束后齐聚,准备分发衣料的时候。偷兰难陀比丘尼对那些比丘尼们说:‘大姊们,请等一下,僧团还有衣料的预期供养呢。’比丘尼们对偷兰难陀比丘尼说:‘大姊,那你快去,把那个衣料的事情弄清楚吧。’偷兰难陀比丘尼便前往那个信众家,到了以后,对那些人说:‘贤友们,请给僧团衣物吧。’那些人回答:‘大姊,我们没有能力供养僧团衣物了。’偷兰难陀比丘尼把这个情况告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……[文句省略]……纷纷批评、责备、非难说:‘偷兰难陀大姊怎么能因为一个靠不住的衣料许诺,就耽误了衣料分配的正当时节呢!’……[文句省略]……(世尊问:)‘诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼因为一个靠不住的衣料许诺,耽误了衣料分配的正当时节,这是真的吗?’(诸比丘回答:)‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责说……[文句省略]……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能因为一个靠不住的衣料许诺,就耽误了衣料分配的正当时节呢!这件事,诸比丘,不能让未生信者生信……[文句省略]……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā upaṭṭhākakulaṃ thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sace mayaṃ, ayye, sakkoma, bhikkhunisaṅghassa cīvaraṃ dassāmā’’ti. Tena kho pana samayena vassaṃvuṭṭhā bhikkhuniyo cīvaraṃ bhājetukāmā sannipatiṃsu. Thullanandā bhikkhunī tā bhikkhuniyo etadavoca – ‘‘āgametha, ayye, atthi bhikkhunisaṅghassa cīvarapaccāsā’’ti. Bhikkhuniyo thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘gacchāyye, taṃ cīvaraṃ jānāhī’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī yena taṃ kulaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te manusse etadavoca – ‘‘dethāvuso, bhikkhunisaṅghassa cīvara’’nti. ‘‘Na mayaṃ, ayye, sakkoma bhikkhunisaṅghassa cīvaraṃ dātu’’nti . Thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā dubbalacīvarapaccāsāya cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dubbalacīvarapaccāsāya cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dubbalacīvarapaccāsāya cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmessati ! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
921 若比丘尼因指望(尚未定的)劣质衣料,拖过了施衣的时限,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī dubbalacīvarapaccāsāya cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
922 所谓‘比丘尼’者……乃至……即是在此义中被指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘说了’是指:‘如果我能,我就给、就做’这样的话破了。显示巴利原文
nāma ‘‘sace mayaṃ sakkoma, dassāma karissāmā’’ti vācā bhinnā hoti.
‘非时’是指,在未敷展迦絺那衣的情况下,雨安居的最后一个月;在已敷展迦絺那衣的情况下,是五个月。显示巴利原文
nāma anatthate kathine vassānassa pacchimo māso, atthate kathine pañca māsā.
在未敷展迦絺那衣的情况下,过了雨安居的最后一天,犯波逸提。在已敷展迦絺那衣的情况下,过了撤迦絺那衣的当天,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti anatthate kathine vassānassa pacchimaṃ divasaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Atthate kathine kathinuddhāradivasaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
923 在弱袈裟时,有弱袈裟想,超过了袈裟时,犯波逸提。在弱袈裟时,心有疑惑,超过了袈裟时,犯恶作。在弱袈裟时,有非弱袈裟想,超过了袈裟时,不犯。显示巴利原文
Dubbalacīvare dubbalacīvarasaññā cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dubbalacīvare vematikā cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dubbalacīvare adubbalacīvarasaññā cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeti, anāpatti.
在非弱袈裟时,有弱袈裟想,犯恶作。在非弱袈裟时,心有疑惑,犯恶作。在非弱袈裟时,有非弱袈裟想,不犯。显示巴利原文
Adubbalacīvare dubbalacīvarasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adubbalacīvare vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adubbalacīvare adubbalacīvarasaññā, anāpatti.
924 不犯的情况是:展示了利益之后阻止的;疯癫者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā nivāreti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
925 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位近事男为僧团建造了一座寺院。在那座寺院落成大典时,他想要向两众僧团供养非时袈裟。而那时,两众僧团的迦絺那衣已经敷展。于是,那位近事男来到僧团处,请求撤迦絺那衣。诸比丘将此事禀告了世尊。于是,世尊以这个因缘、这件事为起点,说了法语后,对诸比丘说:‘诸比丘,我允许撤迦絺那衣。诸比丘,迦絺那衣应当这样撤:应由一位聪明能干之比丘,向僧团宣告——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena upāsakena saṅghaṃ uddissa vihāro kārāpito hoti. So tassa vihārassa mahe ubhatosaṅghassa akālacīvaraṃ dātukāmo hoti. Tena kho pana samayena ubhatosaṅghassa kathinaṃ atthataṃ hoti. Atha kho so upāsako saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā kathinuddhāraṃ yāci. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kathinaṃ uddharituṃ. Evañca pana bhikkhave kathinaṃ uddharitabbaṃ. Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
926 “尊者,请僧团听我说。如果僧团时机恰当,僧团应当出迦絺那。这是提案。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho kathinaṃ uddhareyya. Esā ñatti.
“尊者,请僧团听我说。僧团在出迦絺那。哪位尊者对出迦絺那认可,请保持沉默;哪位不认可,请说出来。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Saṅgho kathinaṃ uddharati. Yassāyasmato khamati kathinassa uddhāro, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
“迦絺那已被僧团所出,这是僧团认可的,所以保持沉默。我这样记住了。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ubbhataṃ saṅghena kathinaṃ, khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
927 那时,那位近事男来到比丘尼僧团处,请求出迦絺那。偷兰难陀比丘尼心想‘这衣将归我们所有’,便拒绝了出迦絺那的请求。那时,那位近事男讥嫌、批评、抱怨道:‘这些比丘尼怎么可以不把迦絺那出给我呢!’比丘尼们听到了那位近事男讥嫌、批评、抱怨的话。那些少欲的比丘尼们……讥嫌、批评、抱怨道:‘圣姑偷兰难陀怎么能拒绝如法出迦絺那的请求呢?’…… ‘诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼拒绝了如法出迦絺那的请求,这是真实的吗?’‘世尊,是真实的。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能拒绝如法出迦絺那的请求呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,现在,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——’显示巴利原文
Atha kho so upāsako bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā kathinuddhāraṃ yāci. Thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘cīvaraṃ amhākaṃ bhavissatī’’ti kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāhi. Atha kho so upāsako ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo amhākaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ na dassantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tassa upāsakassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā dhammikaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāhissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dhammikaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāhatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dhammikaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāhissati ! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
928 若比丘尼阻遮如法的迦絺那(衣)舍出,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī dhammikaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
929 这里的‘她’指的是任何一种……这里的‘她’指的就是此事件中的那位比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘出迦絺那’是指:和合比丘尼僧团齐聚后出迦絺那。显示巴利原文
nāma kathinuddhāro samaggo bhikkhunisaṅgho sannipatitvā uddharati.
如果心想‘怎么能不出这迦絺那呢?’而加以拒绝,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti ‘‘kathaṃ idaṃ kathinaṃ na uddhareyyā’’ti paṭibāhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
930 如果事情是如法的,她却认为它是如法的而加以制止,犯波逸提。如果事情是如法的,她心有怀疑而加以制止,犯恶作。如果事情是如法的,她却认为它是非法的而加以制止,不犯。如果事情是非法的,她却认为它是如法的而加以制止,犯恶作。如果事情是非法的,她心有怀疑而加以制止,犯恶作。如果事情是非法的,她也认为它是非法的而加以制止,不犯。显示巴利原文
Dhammike dhammikasaññā paṭibāhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammike vematikā paṭibāhati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dhammike adhammikasaññā paṭibāhati, anāpatti. Adhammike dhammikasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammike vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammike adhammikasaññā, anāpatti.
931 不犯的情况是:为了指出利益而制止、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti anisaṃsaṃ dassetvā paṭibāhati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti .
4. 同铺品显示巴利原文
4. Tuvaṭṭavaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
932 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们两个人同铺在一张床上。人们走访寺院到处看,见到后就生起不满、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以两个人同铺在一张床上,就像那些在家的、享受欲乐的女人一样!”那些比丘尼们听到了那些人的不满、批评和指责。那些少欲的……比丘尼们就生起不满、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么可以两个人同铺在一张床上!”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的两个人同铺在一张床上吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以两个人同铺在一张床上!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme . Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
933 若两位比丘尼同卧一床,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭeyyuṃ, pācittiya’’nti.
934 此处,‘比丘尼’的意思是……被称作‘已受具足戒’的人。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti upasampannāyo vuccanti.
在一人已躺下后,另一人躺下,犯波逸提。或者两人同时躺下,犯波逸提。起身后又一次次躺下,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti ekāya nipannāya aparā nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ubho vā nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Uṭṭhahitvā punappunaṃ nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
935 不犯的情况是:在一人躺着时,另一人坐着、或者两人都坐着、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ekāya nipannāya aparā nisīdati, ubho vā nisīdanti, ummattikānaṃ, ādikammikānanti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
936 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有比丘尼两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧。人们巡视寺院时看到了,就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧?简直就像在家人、享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么可以两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧呢?”……“诸位比丘,比丘尼们真的两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸位比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧呢?诸位比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸位比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ , bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
937 若两位比丘尼共用一褥一被同卧,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭeyyuṃ, pācittiya’’nti.
938 ‘她们’指的是已受具足戒者。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti upasampannāyo vuccanti.
就是共用那同一铺的,又共用那同一盖的,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti taññeva attharitvā taññeva pārupanti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
939 在共用一铺一盖上,有共用一铺一盖的认知而躺卧,犯波逸提。在共用一铺一盖上,心存疑惑而躺卧,犯波逸提。在共用一铺一盖上,有不同铺不同盖的认知而躺卧,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Ekattharaṇapāvuraṇe ekattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā tuvaṭṭenti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekattharaṇapāvuraṇe vematikā tuvaṭṭenti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekattharaṇapāvuraṇe nānattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā tuvaṭṭenti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
同一铺但不同盖,犯恶作。不同铺但同一盖,犯恶作。在不同铺不同盖上,有共用一铺一盖的认知,犯恶作。在不同铺不同盖上,心存疑惑,犯恶作。在不同铺不同盖上,有不同铺不同盖的认知,不犯。显示巴利原文
Ekattharaṇe nānāpāvuraṇe , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇe ekapāvuraṇe , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇapāvuraṇe ekattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇapāvuraṇe vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇapāvuraṇe nānattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā, anāpatti.
940 无犯的情况:明确区分好然后躺下、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti vavatthānaṃ dassetvā nipajjanti, ummattikānaṃ, ādikammikānanti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
941 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼博学多闻,善于宣说,自信无畏,善于作法的开示。跋陀迦毗罗尼也博学多闻,善于宣说,自信无畏,善于作法的开示,受到极大的尊敬。人们心想:“圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼博学多闻,善于宣说,自信无畏,善于作法的开示,受到极大的尊敬。”于是先去亲近侍奉跋陀迦毗罗尼,然后才去亲近侍奉偷兰难陀比丘尼。偷兰难陀比丘尼被嫉妒所驱使,心想:“这些所谓的少欲、知足、远离、不杂处的,原来如此——她们就这样多求暗示、多求索要地过日子?”便在跋陀迦毗罗尼面前踱步,也站到她面前,也坐到她面前,也铺设卧具躺下,也领众诵经,也叫人领众诵经,也自己复习诵经。那些少欲的比丘尼们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么可以故意让圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼感到不安呢?”……“诸位比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的故意让跋陀迦毗罗尼感到不安吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸位比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以故意让跋陀迦毗罗尼感到不安呢?诸位比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸位比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ. Bhaddāpi kāpilānī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā. Manussā – ‘‘ayyā bhaddā kāpilānī bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā’’ti bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ paṭhamaṃ payirupāsitvā, pacchā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ payirupāsanti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī issāpakatā – ‘‘imā kira appicchā santuṭṭhā pavivittā asaṃsaṭṭhā yā imā saññattibahulā viññattibahulā viharantī’’ti bhaddāya kāpilāniyā purato caṅkamatipi tiṭṭhatipi nisīdatipi seyyampi kappeti uddisatipi uddisāpetipi sajjhāyampi karoti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā ayyāya bhaddāya kāpilāniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
942 若比丘尼故意使(另一)比丘尼不安(扰恼),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
943 这里的“比丘尼”,指的是像这样的、这样的……在此处所指的意义上,被理解为比丘尼的女子。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
这里的“对其他比丘尼”,指的是对其他比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti aññāya bhikkhuniyā.
这里的“明知”,是指她清楚地知道、明确地辨识,并故意、蓄意地违犯。显示巴利原文
ti jānantī sañjānantī cecca abhivitaritvā vītikkamo.
如果她不请求允许,心里想着:“我这样会让她感到不舒服。”然后在(那位比丘尼的)前面经行、或站立、或坐着、或铺设卧具、或诵读、或叫人诵读、或做复习,这就犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti – ‘‘iminā imissā aphāsu bhavissatī’’ti anāpucchā purato caṅkamati vā tiṭṭhati vā nisīdati vā seyyaṃ vā kappeti uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā sajjhāyaṃ vā karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
944 对方是已受具足戒者,自己也有已受具足戒的想,故意令对方不舒服,犯波逸提罪。对方是已受具足戒者,自己对此有疑惑,故意令对方不舒服,犯波逸提罪。对方是已受具足戒者,自己却认为对方未受具足戒,故意令对方不舒服,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对方是未受具足戒者,故意令对方不舒服,犯恶作罪。对方是未受具足戒者,自己却认为对方已受具足戒,犯恶作罪。对方是未受具足戒者,自己对此有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对方是未受具足戒者,自己也认为对方未受具足戒,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Anupasampannāya sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
945 不犯的情况是:并非出于令对方不舒服的意图,在请求允许后,于(那位比丘尼的)前面经行、或站立、或坐着、或铺设卧具、或诵读、或叫人诵读、或做复习;或者当事者是精神失常者;或者是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti na aphāsuṃ kattukāmā āpucchā purato caṅkamati vā tiṭṭhati vā nisīdati vā seyyaṃ vā kappeti uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā sajjhāyaṃ vā karoti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
946 那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼不照顾一位生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾她。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们对此感到不满、批评、指责:“圣姑偷兰难陀怎么能既不照顾生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾她呢?”……“诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的不照顾生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能既不照顾生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭheti na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭhessati na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭheti na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭhessati na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
947 若比丘尼对生病的同住弟子既不照看、也不努力使人照看,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭheyya na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
948 ……那种样子的……在这义理中,指的就是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
生病的。显示巴利原文
nāma gilānā vuccati.
同住弟子。显示巴利原文
nāma saddhivihārinī vuccati.
自己不照顾。显示巴利原文
ti na sayaṃ upaṭṭheyya.
不令别人来做。显示巴利原文
ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya .
当她说“我既不照顾,也不努力找人照顾”,而把这责任一放下,就犯波逸提。如果对弟子或未受具足戒者既不照顾,也不努力找人照顾,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Neva upaṭṭhessāmi, na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa. Antevāsiniṃ vā anupasampannaṃ vā neva upaṭṭheti, na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
949 无犯的情况是:有障碍时,寻找后得不到,为病者,在危难中,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
950 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,跋陀迦毗罗尼在萨给德城入雨安居。她因有一点事务需要处理,便派人送信给偷兰难陀比丘尼:‘如果圣尼偷兰难陀愿意给我一处住所,我就来舍卫城。’偷兰难陀比丘尼这样说:‘让她来吧,我会给的。’于是,跋陀迦毗罗尼从萨给德来到了舍卫城。偷兰难陀比丘尼就把住所给了跋陀迦毗罗尼。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼多闻、能背诵、有自信、擅长说法。跋陀迦毗罗尼也多闻、能背诵、有自信、擅长说法,并且极受尊敬。人们心想:‘圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼多闻、能背诵、有自信、擅长说法、极受尊敬’,便先去亲近侍奉跋陀迦毗罗尼,之后才去亲近侍奉偷兰难陀比丘尼。偷兰难陀比丘尼被嫉妒心所败,心想:‘嘿!她们这几个少欲、知足、远离、不混杂的人,实际却总是暗示、总是明求地过日子!’她愤怒、不高兴,就把跋陀迦毗罗尼从住所里赶了出去。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……她们讥讽、批评、指责道:‘圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能把住所给了圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼之后,又愤怒、不高兴地把她赶出去呢?’……(中略)……佛陀世尊说:‘诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的在把住所给了跋陀迦毗罗尼之后,又愤怒、不高兴地把她赶出去了吗?’诸比丘回答:‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责道……(中略)……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能把住所给了跋陀迦毗罗尼之后,又愤怒、不高兴地把她赶出去呢?诸比丘,这不能让未信者生信……(中略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddā kāpilānī sākete vassaṃ upagatā hoti. Sā kenacideva karaṇīyena ubbāḷhā thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – ‘‘sace me ayyā thullanandā upassayaṃ dadeyya āgaccheyyāmahaṃ sāvatthi’’nti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī evamāha – ‘‘āgacchatu, dassāmī’’ti. Atha kho bhaddā kāpilānī sāketā sāvatthiṃ agamāsi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ adāsi. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ. Bhaddāpi kāpilānī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā. Manussā – ‘‘ayyā bhaddā kāpilānī bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā’’ti bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ paṭhamaṃ payirupāsitvā pacchā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ payirupāsanti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī issāpakatā – ‘‘imā kira appicchā santuṭṭhā pavivittā asaṃsaṭṭhā yā imā saññattibahulā viññattibahulā viharantī’’ti kupitā anattamanā bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ upassayā nikkaḍḍhi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā ayyāya bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
951 若比丘尼把住处给了(另一)比丘尼后,起嗔、心不悦而把她赶出(或令人赶出),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍheyya vā nikkaḍḍhāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
952 所谓‘某某样的’……(中略)……所谓‘……(中略)……’此中,‘这位’指的就是在这条规则所指意义上的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓‘对另一位比丘尼’,‘名为’是指有门有闩的,称为‘住处’。所谓‘自己给了之后’,所谓‘愤怒、不高兴’,是指内心不愉快、有嗔恨、生起了恶念。显示巴利原文
ti aññāya bhikkhuniyā. nāma kavāṭabaddho vuccati. ti sayaṃ datvā. ti anabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.
在房里抓住她并赶到门口,犯波逸提。在门口抓住她并赶到外面,犯波逸提。以一个动作使她通过许多门,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti gabbhe gahetvā pamukhaṃ nikkaḍḍhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Pamukhe gahetvā bahi nikkaḍḍhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekena payogena bahukepi dvāre atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
指使她人去做,犯波逸提。命令一次,而使其通过许多门,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti aññaṃ āṇāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa . Sakiṃ āṇattā bahukepi dvāre atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
953 对方是已受具足戒者,自己有已受具足戒想,给与住所后,愤怒、不高兴地亲自赶走或令她人赶走,犯波逸提。对方是已受具足戒者,自己心中疑惑,给与住所后,愤怒、不高兴地亲自赶走或令她人赶走,犯波逸提。对方是已受具足戒者,自己有未受具足戒想,给与住所后,愤怒、不高兴地亲自赶走或令她人赶走,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。从无门闩的住处把她扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。把未受具足戒者从有门闩的住处或无门闩的住处扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者作已受具足戒想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者有疑惑,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者作未受具足戒想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Akavāṭabaddhā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannaṃ kavāṭabaddhā vā akavāṭabaddhā vā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
954 无犯:把无耻者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把精神失常者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把在僧团中制造纷争者、制造斗诤者、制造争论者、制造闲谈者、制造诤事者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把不如法行持的弟子或共住者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;精神失常者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti alajjiniṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, ummattikaṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, bhaṇḍanakārikaṃ kalahakārikaṃ vivādakārikaṃ bhassakārikaṃ saṅghe adhikaraṇakārikaṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, antevāsiniṃ vā saddhivihāriniṃ vā na sammā vattantiṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
955 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,旃陀卡利比丘尼与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……讥嫌、批评、指责说:'圣者旃陀卡利怎么能与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往呢?'……(中略)……'诸比丘,据说旃陀卡利比丘尼确实与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往,这是真的吗?' '是真的,世尊。' 佛陀世尊呵责……(中略)……'诸比丘,旃陀卡利比丘尼怎么能与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……(中略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——'显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī saṃsaṭṭhā viharissati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave , caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharissati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
956 若比丘尼与居士或居士子相亲狎而住;诸比丘尼应劝谏「姐妹莫与居士相狎而住,当远离独住」……经三谏仍不舍,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā vihareyya gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi evamassa vacanīyā – ‘māyye, saṃsaṭṭhā vihari gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Viviccāyye; vivekaññeva bhaginiyā saṅgho vaṇṇetī’ti. Evañca evañca pana (ka.) sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya. Yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsīyamānā taṃ paṭinissajjeyya, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
957 '此'指:如此这般……(中略)……'比丘尼'……(中略)……在此意义上,所指的就是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
'与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往'指:以不适当的身体行为或语言行为混杂交往。显示巴利原文
nāma ananulomikena kāyikavācasikena saṃsaṭṭhā.
'在家人'指:任何住在俗家中的人。显示巴利原文
nāma yo koci agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.
'在家人的儿子'指:任何儿子、兄弟。显示巴利原文
nāma ye keci puttabhātaro.
那位比丘尼是混处者。显示巴利原文
ti yā sā saṃsaṭṭhā bhikkhunī.
指其他的比丘尼们。那些看见或听闻此事的比丘尼应对她说:'大姊,不要与在家男子或在家人之子混在一起居住。大姊,请远离独处。僧团对姊妹的独处是赞叹的。'应这样对她说第二次。应这样对她说第三次。如果她放弃了,这样很好;如果不放弃,恶作。那些比丘尼们听了却不劝告,恶作。这位比丘尼应被拉到僧团中间,对她说:'大姊,不要与在家男子或在家人之子混在一起居住。大姊,请远离独处。僧团对姊妹的独处是赞叹的。'应这样对她说第二次。应这样对她说第三次。如果她放弃了,这样很好;如果不放弃,恶作。这位比丘尼应被劝谏。诸比丘,应这样劝谏。应由一位贤能、有能力的比丘尼向僧团宣布:显示巴利原文
ti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi. Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, saṃsaṭṭhā vihari gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Viviccāyye; vivekaññeva bhaginiyā saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā – ‘‘māyye , saṃsaṭṭhā vihari gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Viviccāyye; vivekaññevabhaginiyā saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
958 '尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位某某比丘尼与在家男子和在家人之子混在一起居住,她不肯放弃那件事。如果僧团觉得合适,僧团应为了让她放弃那件事而劝谏某某比丘尼。这是动议。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
'尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位某某比丘尼与在家男子和在家人之子混在一起居住,她不肯放弃那件事。僧团为了让她放弃那件事而劝谏某某比丘尼。如果哪位尊者对劝谏某某比丘尼以让她放弃那件事认可,请保持沉默;哪位不认可,请说。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
'我第二次说这件事……(文句重复,此处省略)……我第三次说这件事……(文句重复,此处省略)……。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
'某某比丘尼已被僧团劝谏以让她放弃那件事;僧团认可,因此保持沉默。我这样受持。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya; khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
在动议阶段,恶作。在两番羯磨语阶段,恶作罪。羯磨语结束时,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti pācittiyassa.
959 在如法羯磨中,想'这是如法羯磨',却不肯放弃,犯波逸提。在如法羯磨中,有疑虑却不肯放弃,犯波逸提。在如法羯磨中,想'这是不如法羯磨',却不肯放弃,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在不如法羯磨上,却以为是如法羯磨,犯恶作。在不如法羯磨上,有疑惑,犯恶作。在不如法羯磨上,知道是不如法羯磨,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
960 不犯的情况是:未被劝谏时,舍弃时,精神失常者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
961 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。正是在那个时候,比丘尼们在国境内被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方,没有护卫地进行游走。歹徒们侵犯了她们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……议论、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么可以在国境内被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方,没有护卫地进行游走呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,据说比丘尼们真的在国境内被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方,没有护卫地进行游走,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……(中略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以在国境内被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方,没有护卫地进行游走呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……(中略)……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样宣读这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ caranti. Dhuttā dūsenti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
962 若比丘尼在本国境内被认为可疑、有危险之处,无(商队)护卫而游行,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ careyya, pācittiya’’nti.
963 “比丘尼”指的是:所有像这样……(中略)……在这里,在这个意义上所说的比丘尼就是这个意思。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“领城内”指的是:在她所居住的国王治下的领土内。显示巴利原文
ti yassa vijite viharati, tassa raṭṭhe.
“被认为有危险”指的是:在这条道路上,能看见盗贼安营的地方、用餐的地方、站立的地方、坐着的地方、躺着的地方。显示巴利原文
nāma tasmiṃ magge corānaṃ niviṭṭhokāso dissati, bhuttokāso dissati, ṭhitokāso dissati, nisinnokāso dissati, nipannokāso dissati.
“有恐怖”指的是:在这条道路上,能看见被贼杀害的人、被掠夺的人、被殴打的人。显示巴利原文
nāma tasmiṃ magge corehi manussā hatā dissanti, viluttā dissanti, ākoṭitā dissanti.
名为“没有商队(护卫)”。显示巴利原文
nāma vinā satthena.
在有鸡飞及范围内的村落中,每经过一处村落到另一处村落,就犯一个波逸提罪。在没有村的旷野中,每走半个由旬,就犯一个波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare āpatti pācittiyassa. Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
964 不犯的情况是:与商队一同行走;在安全、没有危险的地方行走;遭遇危难时;心神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti satthena saha gacchati, kheme appaṭibhaye gacchati, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
965 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们没有商队,在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行。歹徒们侮辱她们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……她们批评、呵责、指责道:‘为什么比丘尼们没有商队,要在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行呢?’……(中略)……‘诸比丘,听说比丘尼们确实没有商队,在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行,这是真的吗?’‘世尊,是真的。’佛陀世尊呵责道……(中略)……‘诸比丘,为什么比丘尼们没有商队,要在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生起信心……(中略)……’接着,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ caranti. Dhuttā dūsenti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
966 若比丘尼在国境之外被认为可疑、有危险之处,无护卫而游行,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ careyya, pācattiya’’nti.
967 ‘任何……(中略)……者’的意思:不论何种身份……(中略)……结束……(中略)……这就是在此处所说的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘在其他领地’的意思:除了她所居住的国王管辖地之外的另一个领地。显示巴利原文
ti yassa vijite viharati, taṃ ṭhapetvā aññassa raṭṭhe.
‘被认为危险’的意思:在那条路上,能看到盗贼驻扎过的地方、享用过东西的地方、站立过的地方、坐过的地方、躺卧过的地方。显示巴利原文
nāma tasmiṃ magge corānaṃ niviṭṭhokāso dissati, bhuttokāso dissati, ṭhitokāso dissati, nisinnokāso dissati, nipannokāso dissati.
在那条路上,可以看到被强盗杀害的人,被抢劫的人,被殴打的人。显示巴利原文
nāma tasmiṃ magge corehi manussā hatā dissanti, viluttā dissanti, ākoṭitā dissanti.
没有商队。显示巴利原文
nāma vinā satthena.
在有鸡飞距离的村落间,每经过一个村落间隔,就犯波逸提;在无村落的旷野中,每走半由旬,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare, āpatti pācittiyassa. Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
968 不犯的情况是:与商队一起行进,在安全无险的区域行进,遇到灾难时,精神失常者,最初的违犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti satthena saha gacchati, kheme appaṭibhaye gacchati , āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
969 那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀迦园。那时,比丘尼们在雨季安居期间外出行脚。人们议论、批评、指责道:“怎么这些比丘尼在雨季安居期间还外出行脚,踩坏青草,伤害独根生命,导致许多小生命聚集而死呢!”那些比丘尼们听到了那些人议论、批评、指责的话。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也议论、批评、指责道:“怎么这些比丘尼竟在雨季安居期间外出行脚呢!”……佛陀问:“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的在雨季安居期间外出行脚吗?”“是的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能在雨季安居期间外出行脚呢!诸比丘,这既不能让未生信的人生信,也不能让已生信的人增长信心……诸比丘,应当这样诵持这个学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ caranti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carissanti haritāni tiṇāni ca sammaddantā, ekindriyaṃ jīvaṃ viheṭhentā, bahū khuddake pāṇe saṅghātaṃ āpādentā’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
970 若比丘尼在雨安居期间(外出)游行,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī antovassaṃ cārikaṃ careyya, pācittiya’’nti.
971 凡是……的,比如……的,这即是此处所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
不分别住满前三个月或后三个月。显示巴利原文
nti purimaṃ vā temāsaṃ pacchimaṃ vā temāsaṃ avasitvā.
在鸡能飞到的村落区域,每经过一个村落间隔,就犯波逸提。在没有村落的荒野,每过半个由旬,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare āpatti pācittiyassa. Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
972 不犯:因需要做七日以内的事情而出行;被其他人赶着走;遭遇灾难时;疯癫者;最初违犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sattāhakaraṇīyena gacchati, kenaci ubbāḷhā gacchati, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
973 那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦园。那时,比丘尼们就在这王舍城过雨安居,也在那里过冬,也在那里过夏。人们讥嫌、非难、指责说:“比丘尼们的方向都是黑乎乎的,她们的方向不分明。”那些比丘尼听到那些人在讥嫌、非难、指责。于是,那些比丘尼就把这件事告诉给诸比丘。诸比丘又把这件事禀告世尊。于是,世尊以这个因缘、这个事件,做了如法的开示后,对诸比丘说:“诸位比丘,以此,我将为比丘尼制定一条学处,凭藉十种利益:为使僧团善好……为使正法久住、为扶助毗奈耶。而且,诸位比丘,比丘尼应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo tattheva rājagahe vassaṃ vasanti, tattha hemantaṃ, tattha gimhaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘āhundarikā bhikkhunīnaṃ disā andhakārā, na imāsaṃ disā pakkhāyantī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmi dasa atthavase paṭicca – saṅghasuṭṭhutāya…pe… saddhammaṭṭhitiyā vinayānuggahāya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
974 若比丘尼安居已竟,却不出外游行哪怕五六由旬,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī vassaṃvuṭṭhā cārikaṃ na pakkameyya antamaso chappañcayojanānipi, pācittiya’’nti.
975 所谓‘比丘尼’者,……(省略)……在此义中,即是所说的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓‘已过雨安居’者,是指已住过前三个月或后三个月。显示巴利原文
nāma purimaṃ vā temāsaṃ pacchimaṃ vā temāsaṃ vuṭṭhā.
当说出‘我不会出去游行,哪怕仅五六由旬’而放下了应尽的义务,在这放下之时,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Cārikaṃ na pakkamissāmi antamaso chappañcayojanānipī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
976 不犯:有障碍存在时;寻找后未能得到另一位比丘尼(同行);生病时;遭遇灾难时;疯癫者;最初违犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā dutiyikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 彩画殿堂品显示巴利原文
5. Cittāgāravaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
977 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,憍萨罗国王波斯匿的御花园里有一座彩画殿堂,刚由画家巴蒂巴纳完成。很多人前去参观。六群比丘尼也去参观了彩画殿堂。人们便讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼怎么能去参观彩画殿堂呢?简直就像那些在家人和享受欲乐的女人一样!”那些比丘尼们听到了人们的讥嫌、批评和指责。其中那些少欲知足的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责道:“六群比丘尼怎么能去参观彩画殿堂呢?”然后,比丘尼们将此事告诉了诸比丘。诸比丘又告诉了世尊。世尊问:“诸比丘,听说六群比丘尼真的去参观彩画殿堂了,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能去参观彩画殿堂呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,也不能让已生信者增长信心;相反地,这只能让未生信者不生信,让已生信者中部分人的信心退失。”呵责之后,他做了开示,然后对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,你们要这样制定这条学处:如果比丘尼为了观看而去参观国王的彩画殿堂或供人娱乐的殿堂,则犯波逸提。”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa uyyāne cittāgāre paṭibhānacittaṃ kataṃ hoti. Bahū manussā cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchanti. Chabbaggiyāpi bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya agamaṃsu. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
978 若比丘尼去观看王宫、画堂、园林、游园或莲池,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī rājāgāraṃ vā cittāgāraṃ vā ārāmaṃ vā uyyānaṃ vā pokkharaṇiṃ vā dassanāya gaccheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
979 这里说的“比丘尼”,是指……的、如此状态的……这样的人,就是在此意义上被称为比丘尼的。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
这里说的“彩画殿堂”,是指任何地方为了国王游乐取乐而建造的场所。显示巴利原文
nāma yattha katthaci rañño kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hoti.
这里说的“供人娱乐的殿堂”,是指任何地方为了人们游乐取乐而建造的场所。显示巴利原文
nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hoti.
这里说的“供人娱乐的殿堂”,是指任何地方为了人们游乐取乐而建造的场所。显示巴利原文
nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kato hoti.
这里说的“供人娱乐的殿堂”,是指任何地方为了人们游乐取乐而建造的场所。显示巴利原文
nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hoti.
人们为了游戏娱乐而在任何地方建造的场所。显示巴利原文
nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ katā hoti.
980 如果前往观看,犯恶作。如果站在【能看到的地方】观看,犯波逸提。离开观看范围之后,又一再返回观看,犯波逸提。为了观看每一个【节目】而前往,犯恶作。如果站在【能看到的地方】观看,犯波逸提。离开观看范围之后,又一再返回观看,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhitā passati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā punappunaṃ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekamekaṃ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhitā passati, āpatti pacittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā punappunaṃ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
981 无犯的情况:站在寺院里看到;或是正在行走或回来时看到;有必须做的事情而去,顺便看到;遇到灾难的时候;精神失常的时候;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ārāme ṭhitā passati, gacchantī vā āgacchantī vā passati, sati karaṇīye gantvā passati, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
982 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,比丘尼们使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床。人们巡行寺院时看到了,就讥讽、批评、抱怨说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床,就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥讽、批评和抱怨。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥讽、批评、抱怨说:“比丘尼们怎么可以使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床呢!”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的在使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床!这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,你们比丘尼应该这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ . Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
983 若比丘尼使用高脚床或藤围床(奢华坐卧具),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āsandiṃ vā pallaṅkaṃ vā paribhuñjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
984 所说的“比丘尼”,是指无论何种……的……者,在这个意义上,它指的就是这里所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所说的“过量”,是指超过了规定的尺寸。显示巴利原文
nāma atikkantappamāṇā vuccati.
所谓“棕榈垫”,是指用野兽毛制成的垫子。显示巴利原文
nāma āharimehi vāḷehi kato hoti.
如果她在那上面靠近坐下或靠近躺下,就犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti tasmiṃ abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
985 不犯的情况是:把椅子的腿砍断后使用;把床架的横档打破后使用;疯癫者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti āsandiyā pāde chinditvā paribhuñjati, pallaṅkassa vāḷe bhinditvā paribhuñjati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
986 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,六群比丘尼在纺线。人们巡行寺院时看见了,就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能纺线呢?就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评、指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“六群比丘尼怎么能纺线呢?”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的在纺线吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能纺线呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵这个学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
987 若比丘尼自纺线,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī suttaṃ kanteyya, pācittiya’’nti.
988 ——在这里,比丘尼的意思是指任何如此……这般……的人,就是在这件事上所指定的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
线有这六种:亚麻线、棉线、丝线、毛线、麻线、大麻线。显示巴利原文
nāma cha suttāni – khomaṃ, kappāsikaṃ, koseyyaṃ, kambalaṃ, sāṇaṃ, bhaṅgaṃ.
如果她自己纺,在做的过程中犯恶作罪。每当完成一次来回引线,就犯一个波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti sayaṃ kantati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Ujjavujjave āpatti pācittiyassa.
989 不犯的情况是:纺已经纺成的线;她是疯癫者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti kantitasuttaṃ kantati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
990 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,比丘尼们替在家人做事。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、指责、非议道:“比丘尼们怎么能替在家人做事呢?”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的替在家人做事吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能替在家人做事呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karonti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karontīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
991 若比丘尼替在家人做杂务劳役,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī gihiveyyāvaccaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
992 “所谓比丘尼者,即如此这般……在此义中,所指的比丘尼即是此人。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
为在家人煮粥、做饭、做嚼食,洗衣、洗包头布,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma agārikassa yāguṃ vā bhattaṃ vā khādanīyaṃ vā pacati, sāṭakaṃ vā veṭhanaṃ vā dhovati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
993 无犯情况:为准备饮用粥、僧团饮食、塔庙供养;为自己做杂务的人煮粥、做饭、做嚼食,洗衣、洗包头布;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti yāgupāne, saṅghabhatte, cetiyapūjāya, attano veyyāvaccakarassa yāguṃ vā bhattaṃ vā khādanīyaṃ vā pacati, sāṭakaṃ vā veṭhanaṃ vā dhovati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
994 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,某位比丘尼去到偷兰难陀比丘尼那里,对她这样说:‘大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧。’偷兰难陀比丘尼答应说‘好的’之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力。于是,那位比丘尼就把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、指责、非议道:‘偷兰难陀尊者怎么能答应一位比丘尼说:“大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧”,说了“好的”之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力呢?’……‘诸比丘,是真的吗?偷兰难陀比丘尼对比丘尼说:“大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧”,答应说“好的”之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责道……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能对比丘尼说:“大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧”,答应说“好的”之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā neva vūpasameti na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā bhikkhuniyā – ‘ehāyye’, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’ti vuccamānā – ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā, neva vūpasamessati na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā – ‘‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti vuccamānā – ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā, neva vūpasameti na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā – ‘‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti vuccamānā – ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā, neva vūpasamessati na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
995 若比丘尼被(另一)比丘尼请「姐妹,请来平息此诤事」、答应「好」后,无障难却既不平息、也不努力去平息,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā – ‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’ti vuccamānā – ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva vūpasameyya na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
996 “所谓比丘尼者,即如此这般……在此义中,所指的比丘尼即是此人。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
不知情的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti aññāya bhikkhuniyā.
名为四种诤事:争论诤事、指责诤事、罪过诤事、义务诤事。显示巴利原文
nāma cattāri adhikaraṇāni – vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
“来吧,圣尼,请判决此诤事。”显示巴利原文
ti ehāyye imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchehi.
“当没有障碍的时候。”显示巴利原文
ti asati antarāye.
“不要自己平息。”显示巴利原文
ti na sayaṃ vūpasameyya.
“不命令他人。” 如果她说:“我既不会平息,也不会为平息而尽力”,就在她放下责任的那一刻,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vūpasamessāmi na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte, āpatti pācittiyassa.
997 对已受具足戒者,若持有“已受具足戒”想,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,波逸提罪。对已受具足戒者,有疑惑,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,波逸提罪。对已受具足戒者,持有“未受具足戒”想,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti, na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti, na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对未受具足戒者,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,持有“已受具足戒”想,恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,有疑惑,恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,持有“未受具足戒”想,恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Anupasampannāya adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti, na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
998 无犯情况:若有障碍、遍寻不得、因病、因灾难、因疯癫、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
999 那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼亲手把嚼食和啖食给舞者、演员、翻筋斗者、哀悼者、耍缸者,并说:“在我的随众面前称赞我吧。”那些舞者、演员、翻筋斗者、哀悼者、耍缸者就在偷兰难陀比丘尼的随众面前称赞道:“圣尼偷兰难陀多闻、善说、聪敏、博学,能做如法开示。供养圣尼吧,为圣尼做事吧。”那些少欲的比丘尼们……生气、非难、指责:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能亲手给在家人嚼食和啖食呢?”……“诸比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的亲手给在家人嚼食和啖食吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛世尊呵责……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能亲手给在家人嚼食和啖食呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应如此诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī naṭānampi naṭakānampi laṅghakānampi sokajjhāyikānampi kumbhathūṇikānampi sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ deti – ‘‘mayhaṃ parisati vaṇṇaṃ bhāsathā’’ti. Naṭāpi naṭakāpi laṅghakāpi sokajjhāyikāpi kumbhathūṇikāpi thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā parisati vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti – ‘‘ayyā thullanandā bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ; detha ayyāya, karotha ayyāyā’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā agārikassa sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ dassatīti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī agārikassa sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī agārikassa sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ dassati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1000 若比丘尼亲手把硬食、软食给与在家人、普行男外道或普行女外道,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī agārikassa vā paribbājakassa vā paribbājikāya vā sahatthā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā dadeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1001 【针对定义中的‘比丘尼’】在此义中,无论何种身份的……这就是此处所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘在家人’是指任何住于家宅中的人。显示巴利原文
nāma yo koci agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.
所谓“男外道出家者”,是指除了比丘和沙马内拉之外,任何已入外道游行者之类的人。显示巴利原文
nāma bhikkhuñca sāmaṇerañca ṭhapetvā yo koci paribbājakasamāpanno.
所谓“女外道出家者”,是指除了比丘尼、学法女和沙马内莉之外,任何已入女外道游行者之类的女人。显示巴利原文
nāma bhikkhuniñca sikkhamānañca sāmaṇeriñca ṭhapetvā yā kāci paribbājikasamāpannā.
‘嚼食’是指除了五种主食、水和齿木之外的其余食物,都称为嚼食。显示巴利原文
nāma pañca bhojanāni – udakadantaponaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ khādanīyaṃ nāma.
食物有五种:米饭、面粥、炒粉、鱼肉、肉。显示巴利原文
nāma pañca bhojanāni – odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṃsaṃ.
她用身体、或身体所系之物、或应舍之物来给,犯波逸提。给净牙用的水和齿木,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
ti kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā deti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Udakadantaponaṃ deti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1002 无犯:她令人给而不是自己给;放在一边后再给;给外用涂药;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti dāpeti na deti, upanikkhipitvā deti, bāhirālepaṃ deti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1003 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼没有舍掉客堂衣就使用了它。其他月经期的比丘尼们得不到。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、抱怨、指责说:"圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能不舍掉客堂衣就使用呢?"……"诸比丘,是真的吗?偷兰难陀比丘尼没有舍掉客堂衣就使用它?""是真的,世尊。"佛陀世尊呵责……"诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能不舍掉客堂衣就使用呢?这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjati. Aññā utuniyo bhikkhuniyo na labhanti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1004 若比丘尼未舍(交还)住处公用衣就私自取用,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1005 在此义中,她即是所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
即:"让月经期的比丘尼们使用"而被给予之物。显示巴利原文
nāma ‘‘utuniyo bhikkhuniyo paribhuñjantū’’ti dinnaṃ hoti.
使用两三个晚上后,在第四天清洗,然后不给比丘尼、或学法女、或沙马内莉就使用,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti dvetisso rattiyo paribhuñjitvā catutthadivase dhovitvā bhikkhuniyā vā sikkhamānāya vā sāmaṇeriyā vā anissajjitvā paribhuñjati , āpatti pācittiyassa.
1006 对于未舍弃的,以为是未舍弃而使用,犯波逸提。对于未舍弃的,有疑惑而使用,犯波逸提。对于未舍弃的,以为是已舍弃而使用,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Anissajjite anissajjitasaññā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite vematikā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite nissajjitasaññā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对于已舍弃的,以为是未舍弃而使用,犯恶作。对于已舍弃的,有疑惑而使用,犯恶作。对于已舍弃的,以为是已舍弃而使用,无犯。显示巴利原文
Nissajjite anissajjitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite nissajjitasaññā anāpatti.
1007 无犯的情况是:舍弃之后使用、依新的分配方式使用、没有其他行经的比丘尼时、衣被割截者、衣丢失者、有灾难时、疯狂者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti nissajjitvā paribhuñjati, puna pariyāyena paribhuñjati, aññā utuniyo bhikkhuniyo na honti, acchinnacīvarikāya, naṭṭhacīvarikāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1008 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,偷兰难陀比丘尼没有将住处舍弃,就外出游方去了。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼的住处着火了。比丘尼们这样说:“来吧,圣尼们,我们把物品搬出来吧。”另一些比丘尼这样说:“圣尼们,我们不会搬。之后若有什么丢失的,她会全都怪到我们头上的。” 偷兰难陀比丘尼再次回到那个住处后,问比丘尼们:“圣尼们,你们把物品搬出来了吗?” “圣尼,我们没有搬。” 偷兰难陀比丘尼讥嫌、批评、指责道:“住处着火了,比丘尼们怎么不把物品搬出来呢!” 那些少欲的比丘尼们……讥嫌、批评、指责道:“偷兰难陀圣尼怎么不把住处舍弃,就外出游方去了呢?”……“诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼没有将住处舍弃就外出游方,这是真的吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能不将住处舍弃就外出游方呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā āvasatho ḍayhati. Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘handāyye, bhaṇḍakaṃ nīharāmā’’ti. Ekaccā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ, ayye, nīharissāma. Yaṃ kiñci naṭṭhaṃ sabbaṃ amhe abhiyuñjissatī’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī punadeva taṃ āvasathaṃ paccāgantvā bhikkhuniyo pucchi – ‘‘apāyye, bhaṇḍakaṃ nīharitthā’’ti? ‘‘Na mayaṃ, ayye, nīharimhā’’ti . Thullanandā bhikkhunī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āvasathe ḍayhamāne bhaṇḍakaṃ na nīharissantī’’ti! Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkamatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkamissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1009 若比丘尼未舍(交代)住处就出外游行,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkameyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1010 “那些少欲的……诸比丘指责……此处所指的是比丘尼。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“有围墙的”指的是装有门扇的建筑。显示巴利原文
nāma kavāṭabaddho vuccati.
“若在未将住处舍弃的情况下”指的是,比丘尼、或学法女、或沙马内莉,在未舍弃住处的情况下,跨过有围墙的住处的围墙者,犯波逸提;跨出没有围墙的住处的邻近范围者,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti bhikkhuniyā vā sikkhamānāya vā sāmaṇeriyā vā anissajjitvā parikkhittassa āvasathassa parikkhepaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa. Aparikkhittassa āvasathassa upacāraṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
1011 在没有交托的情况下,以为是‘没有交托’而脱离,犯波逸提。在没有交托的情况下,心有疑惑而脱离,犯波逸提。在没有交托的情况下,以为是‘已交托’而脱离,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Anissajjite anissajjitasaññā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite vematikā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite nissajjitasaññā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在没有设置门闩的情况下,未交托便脱离,犯恶作。在已交托的情况下,以为是‘没有交托’,犯恶作。在已交托的情况下,心有疑惑,犯恶作。在已交托的情况下,以为是‘已交托’,无犯。显示巴利原文
Akavāṭabaddhaṃ anissajjitvā pakkamati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite anissajjitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite nissajjitasaññā, anāpatti.
1012 无犯的情况:已经交托之后再脱离;有障碍存在;寻找了但找不到;生病时;遭遇危难时;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti nissajjitvā pakkamati, sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
1013 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,六群比丘尼在学习畜生咒术。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼怎么能学习畜生咒术呢?就像那些在家享受欲乐的女子一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人们的讥嫌、批评、指责。那些少欲的比丘尼……也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“六群比丘尼怎么能学习畜生咒术呢?”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的在学习畜生咒术吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能学习畜生咒术呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1014 若比丘尼学习世俗杂术(畜生明、邪术),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1015 所谓‘某某比丘尼’,在此义中,即指此处所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓‘畜生咒术’,是指任何外道、无助于目标的学问。显示巴利原文
nāma yaṃ kiñci bāhirakaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ.
按句学习,每句都犯波逸提。按音节学习,每个音节都犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti padena pariyāpuṇāti, pade pade āpatti pācittiyassa. Akkharāya pariyāpuṇāti, akkharakkharāya āpatti pācittiyassa.
1016 无犯:比丘尼学习文字、学习背诵、为了守护而学习护卫经,或者她是疯狂者,或者是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti lekhaṃ pariyāpuṇāti, dhāraṇaṃ pariyāpuṇāti, guttatthāya parittaṃ pariyāpuṇāti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1017 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,六群比丘尼教人畜生明。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么教人畜生明,就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些六群比丘尼怎么教人畜生明呢?”……(世尊问:)“诸比丘,听说六群比丘尼真的教人畜生明吗?” (诸比丘回答:)“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么可以教人畜生明呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1018 若比丘尼教授世俗杂术(畜生明),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī tiracchānavijjaṃ vāceyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1019 ‘她’指:无论哪一类……比丘尼……在此处所指的,就是这一类比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘畜生明’指的是:任何与解脱无关的外道学问。显示巴利原文
nāma yaṃ kiñci bāhirakaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ.
一句一句地教,每说一句,就犯一个波逸提。一个音节一个音节地教,每说一个音节,就犯一个波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti padena vāceti, pade pade āpatti pācittiyassa. Akkharāya vāceti, akkharakkharāya āpatti pācittiyassa.
1020 无犯:教人文字、教人背诵、为了守护而教人护卫经,若她是疯狂者,若她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti lekhaṃ vāceti, dhāraṇaṃ vāceti, guttatthāya parittaṃ vāceti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1021 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,有一群比丘住在一个村落附近的住所里,只穿着一件衣,正在做袈裟。一些比丘尼没有请示就进入了那个精舍,然后去到了那些比丘所在的地方。诸比丘批评、指责、呵责道:“比丘尼们怎么可以不请示就进入精舍呢!”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的会不请示就进入精舍吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了她们……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能不请示就进入精舍呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心,也不能让有信心的人增长信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū gāmakāvāse ekacīvarā cīvarakammaṃ karonti. Bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisitvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
任何比丘尼,未经请示而进入寺院者,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti.
那时,世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处。显示巴利原文
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
1022 那时,那些比丘离开了那个住所。比丘尼们心里想:“尊者们已经离开了。”所以就没有去精舍。后来,那些比丘又回到了那个住所。比丘尼们心想:“尊者们回来了。”于是她们在请示之后才进入精舍,去到那些比丘们所在的地方。走近之后,她们向诸比丘行礼,然后站在一旁。站在一旁后,诸比丘对这些比丘尼们说:“姐妹,你们为什么既没有打扫精舍,也没有准备好饮用水和日常用水呢?”比丘尼们回答说:“尊者们,因为世尊制定了一条学处:‘不应不请示就进入精舍’。所以我们没有来。”诸比丘把这件事禀告了世尊……“诸比丘,我允许你们在有比丘在的情况下,向他请示之后进入精舍。诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena kho pana samayena te bhikkhū tamhā āvāsā pakkamiṃsu. Bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘ayyā pakkantā’’ti, ārāmaṃ nāgamaṃsu. Atha kho te bhikkhū punadeva taṃ āvāsaṃ paccāgacchiṃsu. Bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘ayyā āgatā’’ti, āpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisitvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo te bhikkhū etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tumhe, bhaginiyo, ārāmaṃ neva sammajjittha na pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpitthāti? Bhagavatā, ayyā, sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti – ‘‘na anāpucchā ārāmo pavisitabbo’’ti. Tena mayaṃ na āgamimhā’’ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… anujānāmi, bhikkhave, santaṃ bhikkhuṃ āpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisituṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
任何比丘尼,当有比丘在时,未经请示而进入寺院者,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti.
那时,世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处。显示巴利原文
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
1023 那时,那些比丘离开了那个住所,之后又回到了那个住所。比丘尼们以为:“尊者们已经离开了。”于是没有请示就进入了精舍。事后她们心里产生了疑虑:“世尊制定了学处:‘不应不向在的比丘请示就进入精舍’。而我们却是在没有请示在的比丘的情况下进入精舍的。我们是不是犯了波逸提罪呢?”……她们把这件事情禀告了世尊。世尊就以这件事为因缘、以这件事为话题,为诸比丘开示了法语,然后对众比丘说……“诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena kho pana samayena te bhikkhū tamhā āvāsā pakkamitvā punadeva taṃ āvāsaṃ paccāgacchiṃsu. Bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘ayyā pakkantā’’ti anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisiṃsu. Tāsaṃ kukkuccaṃ ahosi – ‘‘bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ – ‘na santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā ārāmo pavisitabbo’ti. Mayañcamhā santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisimhā. Kacci nu kho mayaṃ pācittiyaṃ āpattiṃ āpannā’’ti…pe… bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1024 若比丘尼明知是有比丘的寺院,未请示就进入,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī jānaṃ sabhikkhukaṃ ārāmaṃ anāpucchā paviseyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1025 所谓的比丘尼,是指像这样的……乃至……在此处所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
名字,或是她自己知道,或是其他人告诉她,或者那些相关的人告诉她。显示巴利原文
nāma sāmaṃ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassā ārocenti, te vā ārocenti.
名字,是指僧园,也就是诸比丘乃至在树下居住的地方。显示巴利原文
nāma ārāmo yattha bhikkhū rukkhamūlepi vasanti.
如果比丘尼在没有告知比丘、沙马内拉或园丁的情况下,就越过有围墙的僧园的围墙,犯波逸提。在没有围墙的僧园,侵入其邻近区域,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti bhikkhuṃ vā sāmaṇeraṃ vā ārāmikaṃ vā anāpucchā parikkhittassa ārāmassa parikkhepaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa. Aparikkhittassa ārāmassa upacāraṃ okkamantiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
1026 在有比丘的僧园,她作有比丘之想,没有告知在场的比丘就进入僧园,犯波逸提。在有比丘的僧园,她心存疑惑,没有告知在场的比丘就进入僧园,犯恶作。在有比丘的僧园,她作无比丘之想,没有告知在场的比丘就进入僧园,不犯。显示巴利原文
Sabhikkhuke sabhikkhukasaññā santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Sabhikkhuke vematikā santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sabhikkhuke abhikkhukasaññā santaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā ārāmaṃ pavisati, anāpatti.
在没有比丘的僧园,她作有比丘之想,犯恶作。在没有比丘的僧园,她心存疑惑,犯恶作。在没有比丘的僧园,她作无比丘之想,不犯。显示巴利原文
Abhikkhuke sabhikkhukasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Abhikkhuke vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Abhikkhuke abhikkhukasaññā, anāpatti.
1027 不犯的情况是:告知了在场的比丘之后进入;未告知不在场的比丘而进入;为了巡视住处而走去;前往比丘尼们聚集的地方;僧园中是道路;因病;遭遇危难时;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti santaṃ bhikkhuṃ āpucchā pavisati, asantaṃ bhikkhuṃ anāpucchā pavisati, sīsānulokikā gacchati, yattha bhikkhuniyo sannipatitā honti tattha gacchati, ārāmena maggo hoti, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1028 那时,佛陀世尊住在毗舍离的大林重阁讲堂。当时,具寿伍巴离的亲教师具寿迦毗多迦住在墓地。那时,六群比丘尼中较年长的一位比丘尼去世了。六群比丘尼们将那比丘尼的遗体抬出来,在离具寿迦毗多迦住处不远的地方火化后,建了一座塔,离开后又在那座塔那里哭泣。于是,具寿迦毗多迦被那声音打扰,将那塔破坏并散开了。六群比丘尼们商量说:“这个迦毗多迦破坏了我们的圣尼的塔,来,我们杀掉他。”一位比丘尼将这件事告诉了具寿伍巴离。具寿伍巴离将这件事告诉了具寿迦毗多迦。于是,具寿迦毗多迦从住处出来,躲藏了起来。接着,六群比丘尼们来到具寿迦毗多迦的住处,到了之后,让人用石头和土块将具寿迦毗多迦的住处填埋,说“迦毗多迦死了”,然后就离开了。显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato upālissa upajjhāyo āyasmā kappitako susāne viharati. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ mahattarā bhikkhunī kālaṅkatā hoti. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo taṃ bhikkhuniṃ nīharitvā āyasmato kappitakassa vihārassa avidūre jhāpetvā thūpaṃ katvā gantvā tasmiṃ thūpe rodanti. Atha kho āyasmā kappitako tena saddena ubbāḷho taṃ thūpaṃ bhinditvā pakiresi. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘iminā kappitakena amhākaṃ ayyāya thūpo bhinno, handa naṃ ghātemā’’ti, mantesuṃ . Aññatarā bhikkhunī āyasmato upālissa etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Āyasmā upāli āyasmato kappitakassa etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Atha kho āyasmā kappitako vihārā nikkhamitvā nilīno acchi. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo yenāyasmato kappitakassa vihāro tenupasaṅkamiṃsu ; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmato kappitakassa vihāraṃ pāsāṇehi ca leḍḍūhi ca ottharāpetvā, ‘‘mato kappitako’’ti pakkamiṃsu.
那时,具寿迦毗多迦在夜晚过后,于上午穿好下衣,持钵与衣,进入毗舍离城乞食。六群比丘尼看见具寿迦毗多迦正在行乞,便这样说:“这个迦毗多迦还活着,到底是谁泄露了我们的秘密呢?”六群比丘尼听说:“据说是具寿伍巴离尊者泄露了我们的秘密。”她们就辱骂具寿伍巴离:“这个身穿袈裟的污垢洗涤工、卑贱出身的人,怎么能泄露我们的秘密!”那些少欲的比丘尼……(中略)……讥嫌、责备、批评道:“六群比丘尼怎么能辱骂具寿伍巴离呢!”……(中略)……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的辱骂伍巴离吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……(中略)……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能辱骂伍巴离呢!这没有使未生信者生信……(中略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmā kappitako tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasaṃsu kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo āyasmantaṃ kappitakaṃ piṇḍāya carantaṃ. Disvāna evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘ayaṃ kappitako jīvati, ko nu kho amhākaṃ mantaṃ saṃharī’’ti? Assosuṃ kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘ayyena kira upālinā amhākaṃ manto saṃhaṭo’’ti. Tā āyasmantaṃ upāliṃ akkosiṃsu – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayaṃ kāsāvaṭo malamajjano nihīnajacco amhākaṃ mantaṃ saṃharissatī’’ti! Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ayyaṃ upāliṃ akkosissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo upāliṃ akkosantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo upāliṃ akkosissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave , bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1029 若比丘尼辱骂或讥毁比丘,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuṃ akkoseyya vā paribhāseyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
1030 这里所指的比丘尼,是……(中略)……这样式……(中略)……在此义中为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
对已受具足戒者,以十种骂人方式或其中任何一种骂,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti upasampannaṃ. ti dasahi vā akkosavatthūhi akkosati etesaṃ vā aññatarena, āpatti pācittiyassa.
显示恐怖,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti bhayaṃ upadaṃseti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1031 对具足戒者,以具足戒者想辱骂或讥毁,犯波逸提。对具足戒者,有疑惑而辱骂或讥毁,犯波逸提。对具足戒者,以非具足戒者想辱骂或讥毁,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Upasampanne upasampannasaññā akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampanne vematikā akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampanne anupasampannasaññā akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
辱骂或讥毁未受具足戒者,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,以具足戒者想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,有疑惑,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者,以非具足戒者想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Anupasampannaṃ akkosati vā paribhāsati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampanne anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1032 无犯的情况是:为了教导目的,为了法目的,为了教诫目的;心智失常者;最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti atthapurekkhārāya, dhammapurekkhārāya, anusāsanipurekkhārāya, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1033 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,准陀咖莉比丘尼喜欢争斗、喜欢吵架、喜欢争论、喜欢闲谈,在僧团里引发纷争。当对她进行处理时,偷兰难陀比丘尼却表示反对。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼因为有点事要办,去了一个村子。于是,比丘尼僧团因为“偷兰难陀比丘尼离开了”,就以不见罪为由,对那位准陀咖莉比丘尼举了罪。偷兰难陀比丘尼在村子里办完了那件事,又返回了舍卫城。准陀咖莉比丘尼看到偷兰难陀比丘尼回来,既没有为她铺设座位,也没有为她端来洗脚水、放好脚凳和擦脚石;没有起身迎接她,没有接过她的衣钵,也没有用水问候她。偷兰难陀比丘尼就对准陀咖莉比丘尼这样说:“贤姊,为什么我回来时,你既不给我铺座位,也不给我端洗脚水、放好脚凳和擦脚石,也不起身迎接我、接过我的衣钵,也不用水问候我呢?”“贤姊,事情就是这样的,因为你是孤零零一个人嘛。”“贤姊,为什么说我孤零零一个人呢?”“贤姊,那些比丘尼们——‘这个人孤零零的,没人认识,她没有任何支持者’——就这样以不见罪为由给我举了罪。”偷兰难陀比丘尼听了之后,怒气冲冲地辱骂僧团说:“这些愚蠢的、不明事理的家伙!她们根本不懂什么是处理、处理的过失、处理的失败、处理的成功!”那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……她们因此心生不满、讥嫌、指责:“偷兰难陀贤姊怎么可以怒气冲冲地辱骂僧团呢!”……“诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的怒气冲冲地辱骂了僧团,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以怒气冲冲地辱骂僧团呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,也不能让已生信者增长信心……诸比丘,现在应为比丘尼们这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhaṇḍanakārikā hoti kalahakārikā vivādakārikā bhassakārikā saṅghe adhikaraṇakārikā. Thullanandā bhikkhunī tassā kamme karīyamāne paṭikkosati. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī gāmakaṃ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho bhikkhunisaṅgho – ‘‘thullanandā bhikkhunī pakkantā’’ti caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī gāmake taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā punadeva sāvatthiṃ paccāgacchi. Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā āgacchantiyā neva āsanaṃ paññapesi na pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakaṭhalikaṃ upanikkhipi; na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesi na pānīyena āpucchi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, mayi āgacchantiyā neva āsanaṃ paññapesi na pādodakaṃ pādapīṭhaṃ pādakaṭhalikaṃ upanikkhipi; na paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭiggahesi na pānīyena āpucchī’’ti? ‘‘Evañhetaṃ, ayye, hoti yathā taṃ anāthāyā’’ti. ‘‘Kissa pana tvaṃ, ayye, anāthā’’ti? ‘‘Imā maṃ, ayye, bhikkhuniyo – ‘‘ayaṃ anāthā appaññātā, natthi imissā kāci pativattā’’ti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhipiṃsū’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘bālā etā abyattā etā netā jānanti kammaṃ vā kammadosaṃ vā kammavipattiṃ vā kammasampattiṃ vā’’ti, caṇḍīkatā gaṇaṃ paribhāsi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā caṇḍīkatā gaṇaṃ paribhāsissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī caṇḍīkatā gaṇaṃ paribhāsatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī caṇḍīkatā gaṇaṃ paribhāsissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1034 若比丘尼性暴而辱骂尼众(整团),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī caṇḍīkatā gaṇaṃ paribhāseyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1035 某某类型的……指的就是……在这个意义上,这里所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
指的是所谓的愤怒者。显示巴利原文
nāma kodhanā vuccati.
指的是所谓的比丘尼僧团。显示巴利原文
nāma bhikkhunisaṅgho vuccati.
辱骂说“这些愚蠢的、不明事理的家伙!她们根本不懂什么是羯磨、羯磨的过失、羯磨的失败、羯磨的成就”,犯波逸提罪。如果辱骂的是多位比丘尼,或是一位比丘尼,或是一位未受具足戒者,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
ti ‘‘bālā etā abyattā etā netā jānanti kammaṃ vā kammadosaṃ vā kammavipattiṃ vā kammasampattiṃ vā’’ti paribhāsati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Sambahulā bhikkhuniyo vā ekaṃ bhikkhuniṃ vā anupasampannaṃ vā paribhāsati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1036 如果是为了阐明目的、为了阐明法、为了教导而说,或者是精神失常者,或是最初犯戒者,这不犯。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti atthapurekkhārāya, dhammapurekkhārāya, anusāsanipurekkhārāya, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
1037 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,有一位婆罗门邀请比丘尼们去阿拉汉。比丘尼们在他那里吃饱了,也表示了拒绝再受食,之后她们又去了亲戚家,有些在那里吃了饭,有些取了托钵的食物就走了。后来,那位婆罗门对他的邻居们这样说:“诸位贤士,我已经供养过那些圣尊比丘尼们了,来,现在让我也供养你们吧!”那些邻居这样回答他:“你这位先生,要拿什么来供养我们呀!那些你供养过的比丘尼也到过我们家,有些在那边吃了,有些取了托钵的食物就走了。”那位婆罗门因此心生不满、讥嫌、指责:“这些比丘尼怎么可以在我们家吃过饭以后,又到别处去吃呢!难道我就没能力让她们吃饱吗!”比丘尼们听到了这位婆罗门不满、讥嫌、指责的话。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……她们因此不满、讥嫌、指责:“比丘尼们怎么可以在吃饱了、已经表示拒绝再受食之后,又到别处去吃呢!”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的在吃饱了、已经表示拒绝再受食之后,又到别处去吃,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以在吃饱了、已经表示拒绝再受食之后,又到别处去吃呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,现在应为比丘尼们这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro brāhmaṇo bhikkhuniyo nimantetvā bhojesi . Bhikkhuniyo bhuttāvī pavāritā ñātikulāni gantvā ekaccā bhuñjiṃsu ekaccā piṇḍapātaṃ ādāya agamaṃsu. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo paṭivissake etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhuniyo mayā ayyā santappitā, etha tumhepi santappessāmī’’ti. Te evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ, ayyo, amhe santappessasi! Yāpi tayā nimantitā tāpi amhākaṃ gharāni āgantvā ekaccā bhuñjiṃsu ekaccā piṇḍapātaṃ ādāya agamaṃsū’’ti. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo amhākaṃ ghare bhuñjitvā aññatra bhuñjissanti, na cāhaṃ paṭibalo yāvadatthaṃ dātu’’nti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tassa brāhmaṇassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo bhuttāvī pavāritā aññatra bhuñjissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhuttāvī pavāritā aññatra bhuñjantīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhuttāvī pavāritā aññatra bhuñjissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1038 若比丘尼受请或已遮足后,(又于他处)嚼食、吃硬食软食,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī nimantitā vā pavāritā vā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
1039 所谓比丘尼,是指无论何种身份……如此这般……此处在当前这个意义上,指的就是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓「被邀请」,是指被五种主食中的任何一种主食所邀请去吃。显示巴利原文
nāma pañcannaṃ bhojanānaṃ aññatarena bhojanena nimantitā.
所谓「在座处」,是指座位被辨认出来、食物被辨认出来、她站在伸手可及的范围内递送食物、拒绝被辨认出来。显示巴利原文
nāma asanaṃ paññāyati, bhojanaṃ paññāyati, hatthapāse ṭhitā abhiharati, paṭikkhepo paññāyati.
所谓「硬食」,是指五种主食之外——除了粥、当日临时许可的食物、七天内许可的食物、终生许可的食物——剩下的那些嚼食。显示巴利原文
nāma pañca bhojanāni – yāguṃ yāmakālikaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ khādanīyaṃ nāma.
所谓「软食」,是指这五种主食:米饭、面粥、炒面、鱼肉、畜肉。显示巴利原文
nāma pañca bhojanāni – odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṃsaṃ.
如果心里想着「我要嚼、我要吃」就接了过来,犯「恶作」罪。每一口吞咽下去,犯「波逸提」罪。显示巴利原文
‘‘Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī’’ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.
1040 在被邀请时,她知道自己是被邀请的,然后去嚼或吃硬食或软食,犯「波逸提」罪。在被邀请时,她对于「我是不是被邀请的」感到疑惑,然后去嚼或吃硬食或软食,犯「波逸提」罪。在被邀请时,她以为自己没被邀请,然后去嚼或吃硬食或软食,犯「波逸提」罪。显示巴利原文
Nimantite nimantitasaññā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Nimantite vematikā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Nimantite animantitasaññā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
为了当作食物而接受时限药、七日药、终生药,犯恶作。每吞咽一次,犯一个恶作……(中略)……显示巴利原文
Yāmakālikaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa…pe….
1041 无犯的情况是:受到邀请、未被拒绝时;喝粥时;告知主人后食用;在有必要因缘的情况下,食用隔夜食、七日食、终生食;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti nimantitā appavāritā, yāguṃ pivati, sāmike apaloketvā bhuñjati, yāmakālikaṃ sattāhakālikaṃ yāvajīvikaṃ sati paccaye paribhuñjati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
1042 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位比丘尼在舍卫城某条街上托钵乞食,她来到一户人家;到了之后,在已备好的座位上坐下。当时,那些人供养那位比丘尼食物后,对她说:“圣尼,也请其他比丘尼们来吧。” 那位比丘尼心想:“怎么能让其他比丘尼来呢?” 便去对比丘尼们说:“圣尼们,那个地方有凶猛的狗、暴躁的公牛,地上泥泞不堪。你们不要去那里。” 另外有一位比丘尼,在同一托钵的街上来到那户人家;到了之后,在已备好的座位上坐下。当时,那些人供养那位比丘尼食物后,问道:“圣尼,为什么比丘尼们不来呢?” 于是,那位比丘尼就把这件事的原委告诉了那些人。人们讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼怎么可以对一个家庭吝啬呢!”……(中略)…… “诸比丘,传闻难达比丘尼对家庭吝啬,是真的吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责道……(中略)…… “诸比丘,比丘尼怎么可以对家庭吝啬呢!诸比丘,这不能令未信者生信,也不能令已信者增长信心……(中略)…… 诸比丘,你们应当这样诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī sāvatthiyaṃ aññatarissā visikhāya piṇḍāya caramānā yena aññataraṃ kulaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho te manussā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ bhojetvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘aññāpi, ayye, bhikkhuniyo āgacchantū’’ti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī, ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo nāgaccheyyu’’nti, bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘‘amukasmiṃ, ayye, okāse vāḷā sunakhā caṇḍo balibaddo cikkhallo okāso. Mā kho tattha agamitthā’’ti. Aññatarāpi bhikkhunī tassā visikhāya piṇḍāya caramānā yena taṃ kulaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho te manussā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ bhojetvā etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa, ayye, bhikkhuniyo na āgacchantī’’ti? Atha kho sā bhikkhunī tesaṃ manussānaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī kulaṃ maccharāyissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī kulaṃ maccharāyatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī kulaṃ maccharāyissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1043 若比丘尼悭惜独占施主之家(不愿他尼往来),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī kulamaccharinī assa, pācittiya’’nti.
1044 无论何种情况……(中略)…… 此处的“比丘尼”,意指在这方面所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“家”,有四种家:刹帝利家、婆罗门家、吠舍家、首陀罗家。显示巴利原文
nāma cattāri kulāni – khattiyakulaṃ, brāhmaṇakulaṃ, vessakulaṃ, suddakulaṃ.
怀着“怎么能让比丘尼们不来”的想法,对比丘尼们说那个家庭的坏话,犯波逸提。或者,对那个家庭说比丘尼们的坏话,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti ‘‘kathaṃ bhikkhuniyo nāgaccheyyu’’nti bhikkhunīnaṃ santike kulassa avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Kulassa vā santike bhikkhunīnaṃ avaṇṇaṃ bhāsati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1045 无犯的情况是:并非出于对家庭的吝啬,而是如实指出其中存在的过患;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti kulaṃ na maccharāyantī santaṃyeva ādīnavaṃ ācikkhati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
1046 那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,许多比丘尼在一个村庄的住处度过雨安居后,来到了舍卫城。舍卫城的比丘尼们对那些比丘尼这样说:'圣尼们在哪里过的雨安居?教诫顺利成就了吗?'她们回答:'圣尼,那里没有比丘,从哪里能有教诫顺利成就呢!'那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们不满、批评、指责:'比丘尼们怎么能在没有比丘的住处过雨安居呢!'……'诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的在没有比丘的住处过雨安居吗?''是的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责道……'诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能在没有比丘的住处过雨安居呢!诸比丘,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhuniyo gāmakāvāse vassaṃvuṭṭhā sāvatthiṃ agamaṃsu. Bhikkhuniyo tā bhikkhuniyo etadavocuṃ – ‘‘katthāyyāyo vassaṃvuṭṭhā? Kacci ovādo iddho ahosī’’ti? ‘‘Natthayye, tattha bhikkhū; kuto ovādo iddho bhavissatī’’ti! Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vasissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vasantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave , bhikkhuniyo abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vasissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1047 若比丘尼在没有比丘(可依止)的住处雨安居,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vaseyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1048 ……这在此处的意义中所指的比丘尼,就是这样的人。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所说的住处,是指无法前去进行教诫或共住的地方。如果她心想'我要在这里过雨安居'而铺设坐卧处,准备好饮用水和日用洗用水,打扫了经行处,犯恶作罪。当太阳升起时,就犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
nāma āvāso na sakkā hoti ovādāya vā saṃvāsāya vā gantuṃ. ‘‘Vassaṃ vasissāmī’’ti senāsanaṃ paññapeti pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhapeti pariveṇaṃ sammajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Saha aruṇuggamanā āpatti pācittiyassa.
1049 不犯的情况是:已经入雨安居的诸比丘离开了,或者还俗了,或者命终了,或者转投到对方部派去了;或遇到灾难时;或者她是疯狂者;或者是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti vassupagatā bhikkhū pakkantā vā honti vibbhantā vā kālaṅkatā vā pakkhasaṅkantā vā, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1050 那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,许多比丘尼在一个村庄的住处度过雨安居后,来到了舍卫城。舍卫城的比丘尼们对那些比丘尼这样说:'圣尼们在哪里过的雨安居?在哪里对比丘僧团进行了自恣?'她们回答:'圣尼们,我们没有对比丘僧团进行自恣。'那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们不满、批评、指责:'度过了雨安居的比丘尼们怎么能不对比丘僧团进行自恣呢!'……'诸比丘,听说度过了雨安居的比丘尼们真的不对比丘僧团进行自恣吗?''是的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责道……'诸比丘,度过了雨安居的比丘尼们怎么能不对比丘僧团进行自恣呢!诸比丘,这不能让没信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhuniyo gāmakāvāse vassaṃvuṭṭhā sāvatthiṃ agamaṃsu. Bhikkhuniyo tā bhikkhuniyo etadavocuṃ – ‘‘katthāyyāyo vassaṃvuṭṭhā; kattha bhikkhusaṅgho pavārito’’ti ? ‘‘Na mayaṃ, ayye, bhikkhusaṅghaṃ pavāremā’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo vassaṃvuṭṭhā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ na pavāressantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo vassaṃvuṭṭhā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ na pavārentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo vassaṃvuṭṭhā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ na pavāressanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1051 若比丘尼安居已竟,不于二部僧中依见、闻、疑三事行自恣,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī vassaṃvuṭṭhā ubhatosaṅghe tīhi ṭhānehi na pavāreyya diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
1052 ……这在此处的意义中所指的比丘尼,就是这样的人。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
如果她宣称:‘在雨季的前三个月或后三个月结束后,我将不于两众僧团中,以见、闻、疑这三种方式作邀请。’ 一旦她这样放下责任,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma purimaṃ vā temāsaṃ pacchimaṃ vā temāsaṃ vuṭṭhā. Ubhatosaṅghe tīhi ṭhānehi na pavāressāmi diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1053 不犯的情况是:有障碍时,已寻找但找不到合适的比丘尼,她生病时,在危难时,她是精神失常者,以及最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1054 那时,佛陀世尊住在释迦国迦毗罗卫城的尼拘律园。就在那时,六群比丘前往比丘尼住处,教诫六群比丘尼。比丘尼们对那些六群比丘尼说:“来吧,圣尼们,我们去接受教诫。”她们说:“圣尼们,即使我们为了教诫而去,那些六群圣者也会来到这里教诫我们。”那些少欲的比丘尼……心生不满、讥嫌、指责:“六群比丘尼怎么可以不去接受教诫呢?”……“诸比丘,听说六群比丘尼不去接受教诫,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么可以不去接受教诫呢!诸比丘,这不能令未信者生信,也不能令已信者增长……”诸比丘,应当这样为比丘尼们诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhunupassayaṃ upasaṅkamitvā chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ovadanti. Bhikkhuniyo chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ethāyye ovādaṃ gamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Yampi mayaṃ, ayye, gaccheyyāma ovādassa kāraṇā, ayyā chabbaggiyā idheva āgantvā amhe ovadantī’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ovādaṃ na gacchissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ovādaṃ na gacchantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo ovādaṃ na gacchissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1055 若比丘尼不去(比丘处)受教诫或共住布萨,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī ovādāya vā saṃvāsāya vā na gaccheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1056 ……在这里,她即被理解为‘比丘尼’。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
即八条重法。显示巴利原文
nāma aṭṭha garudhammā.
对于拥有同一界内同一羯磨、同一诵戒、同一学处的比丘尼僧团,她若宣称:‘我不为接受教诫或为[共住]而去’,一旦她这样放下责任,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma ekakammaṃ ekuddeso samasikkhatā. Ovādāya vā saṃvāsāya vā na gacchissāmīti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1057 不犯的情况是:有障碍时,已寻找但找不到一位做伴的比丘尼,她生病时,在危难时,她是精神失常者,以及最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā dutiyikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
1058 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们既不请求布萨,也不请求教诲。诸比丘非难、批评、指责道:“怎么比丘尼们连布萨都不请求,连教诲都不请求呢?”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的不请求布萨,也不请求教诲,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸比丘,怎么比丘尼们连布萨都不请求,连教诲都不请求呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼应当这样诵此学处——”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo uposathampi na pucchanti ovādampi na yācanti. Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo uposathampi na pucchissanti ovādampi na yācissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ‘‘uposathampi na pucchanti ovādampi na yācantī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo uposathampi na pucchissanti ovādampi na yācissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1059 比丘尼每半月应向比丘僧请求二事:问布萨日、求往受教诫;若违越不请,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Anvaddhamāsaṃ bhikkhuniyā bhikkhusaṅghato dve dhammā paccāsīsitabbā – uposathapucchakañca ovādūpasaṅkamanañca. Taṃ atikkāmentiyā pācittiya’’nti.
1060 所谓“不布萨”。称为两种布萨:十四日布萨和十五日布萨。显示巴利原文
nti anuposathikaṃ. nāma dve uposathā – cātuddasiko ca pannarasiko ca.
称为八种重法。当心存“我将不请求布萨,也不请求教诲”而放弃责任时,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma aṭṭha garudhammā. ‘‘Uposathampi na pucchissāmi ovādampi na yācissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1061 无犯:有障碍时;已寻找但找不到第二位比丘尼;生病时;遇灾难时;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā dutiyikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1062 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,某比丘尼让一个男人单独为她切开侧腹上长的疮。随后,那个男人试图强奸她。她大声喊叫。比丘尼们跑过来,对那位比丘尼说:“圣尼,你为什么大声喊叫?”于是,那位比丘尼对比丘尼们讲述了这件事。那些少欲的比丘尼……非难、批评、指责:“怎么比丘尼能让男人单独为她切开侧腹上长的疮呢?”……“诸比丘,听说有比丘尼让男人单独为她切开侧腹上长的疮,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸比丘,怎么比丘尼会让男人单独为她切开侧腹上长的疮呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼应当这样诵此学处——”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī pasākhe jātaṃ gaṇḍaṃ purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā bhedāpesi. Atha kho so puriso taṃ bhikkhuniṃ dūsetuṃ upakkami. Sā vissaramakāsi. Bhikkhuniyo upadhāvitvā taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kissa tvaṃ, ayye, vissaramakāsī’’ti? Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī pasākhe jātaṃ gaṇḍaṃ purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā bhedāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī pasākhe jātaṃ gaṇḍaṃ purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā bhedāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī pasākhe jātaṃ gaṇḍaṃ purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā bhedāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1063 若比丘尼身上隐处生疮或脓肿,未请示僧团或团体,就与男子一对一(令其)切、割、洗、敷、裹或解,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī pasākhe jātaṃ gaṇḍaṃ vā rudhitaṃ vā anapaloketvā saṅghaṃ vā gaṇaṃ vā purisena saddhiṃ ekenekā bhedāpeyya vā phālāpeyya vā dhovāpeyya vā ālimpāpeyya vā bandhāpeyya vā mocāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
1064 所谓比丘尼,在此意义上即所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
肚脐以下、膝盖以上这个范围。毛发在这里长出来。所谓瘤,是指任何种类的肿块。所谓疮,是指任何种类的伤口。不先请问,就是不先请求允许而做。僧团,这里指的是比丘尼僧团。众多比丘尼,是指好几位比丘尼。男人,是指人类男性,不是夜叉(非人)、不是鬼、不是畜生,是有理解能力、能够行淫的人。独处,就是男人和比丘尼两人单独在同一个地方。显示巴利原文
nāma adhonābhi ubbhajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ. nti tattha jātaṃ. nāma yo koci gaṇḍo. nāma yaṃ kiñci vaṇaṃ. ti anāpucchā. nāma bhikkhunisaṅgho vuccati. nāma sambahulā bhikkhuniyo vuccanti. nāma manussapuriso, na yakkho, na peto, na tiracchānagato, viññū paṭibalo dūsetuṃ. nti ekato. ti puriso ceva hoti bhikkhunī ca.
1065 如果指使说‘打破它’,犯恶作罪。当对方打破了,犯波逸提罪。如果指使说‘切开它’,犯恶作罪。当对方切开了,犯波逸提罪。如果指使说‘洗干净它’,犯恶作罪。当对方洗干净了,犯波逸提罪。如果指使说‘涂上药’,犯恶作罪。当对方涂上药了,犯波逸提罪。如果指使说‘包扎它’,犯恶作罪。当对方包扎好了,犯波逸提罪。如果指使说‘解开它’,犯恶作罪。当对方解开了,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
‘‘Bhindā’’ti āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Bhinne āpatti pācittiyassa. ‘‘Phālehī’’ti āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Phālite āpatti pācittiyassa. ‘‘Dhovā’’ti āṇāpeti , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dhovite āpatti pācittiyassa. ‘‘Ālimpā’’ti āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Litte āpatti pācittiyassa. ‘‘Bandhāhī’’ti āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Baddhe āpatti pācittiyassa. ‘‘Mocehī’’ti āṇāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Mutte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1066 不犯的情况是:先征得同意后,再让人打破、或切开、或洗干净、或涂药、或包扎、或解开;或者有任何一位懂事的人作为助手在场;或者她是精神失常者;或者她是第一个犯下此戒的人。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti apaloketvā bhedāpeti vā phālāpeti vā dhovāpeti vā ālimpāpeti vā bandhāpeti vā mocāpeti vā, yā kāci viññū dutiyikā hoti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 妊娠女这一组显示巴利原文
7. Gabbhinīvaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1067 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们给一位孕妇授具足戒。她外出托钵乞食时,人们就这样说:‘给这位圣尼食物吧,这位圣尼身体沉重了。’人们纷纷讥讽、批评、抱怨说:‘这些比丘尼怎么可以给孕妇授具足戒呢!’那些比丘尼们听到了这些人的讥讽、批评和抱怨。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥讽、批评、抱怨说:‘比丘尼们怎么可以给孕妇授具足戒呢!’……佛陀问:‘诸比丘,据说比丘尼们真的给孕妇授具足戒了,这是真的吗?’他们回答:‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责他们说:‘诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以给孕妇授具足戒呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处:——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Sā piṇḍāya carati. Manussā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘dethāyyāya bhikkhaṃ , garubhārā ayyā’’ti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1068 若比丘尼为怀孕妇女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1069 这里的比丘尼,是指这样类型的人……是指……也就是在这层意义上,她被称为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓妊娠女,就是指已经怀孕的女子。授具足戒,就是使她成为正式受戒的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
nāma āpannasattā vuccati. ti upasampādeyya.
当她说“我将授具足戒”后,就去寻找僧团、或轨范师尼、或钵、或衣,或者去划定界场,犯恶作罪。在提出动议时,犯恶作罪。在念诵两次羯磨语时,犯恶作罪。当羯磨语结束时,对亲教师尼而言,犯波逸提罪。对僧团和轨范师尼而言,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1070 对孕妇作孕妇想而给她授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对孕妇有疑惑而给她授具足戒,犯恶作罪。对孕妇作非孕妇想而给她授具足戒,无犯。对非孕妇作孕妇想,犯恶作罪。对非孕妇有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对非孕妇作非孕妇想,无犯。显示巴利原文
Gabbhiniyā gabbhinisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Gabbhiniyā vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Gabbhiniyā agabbhinisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti. Agabbhiniyā gabbhinisaññā , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Agabbhiniyā vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Agabbhiniyā agabbhinisaññā, anāpatti.
1071 无犯的情况是:对孕妇作非孕妇想而授具足戒;对非孕妇作非孕妇想而授具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti gabbhiniṃ agabbhinisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, agabbhiniṃ agabbhinisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1072 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们为一位尚在哺乳期的妇女授具足戒。她前去托钵乞食。人们这样说:“给这位圣尼食物吧,这位圣尼还有同伴。”人们心生不满、批评、非议:“这些比丘尼怎么能给还在哺乳期的妇女授具足戒呢!”那些比丘尼听到了那些人的不满、批评、非议。那些少欲的比丘尼们……心生不满、批评、非议:“比丘尼们怎么能给还在哺乳期的妇女授具足戒呢!”……“诸比丘,那些比丘尼们真的给还在哺乳期的妇女授具足戒吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能给还在哺乳期的妇女授具足戒呢!诸比丘,这不能让未信者生信……等等……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Sā piṇḍāya carati. Manussā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘dethāyyāya bhikkhaṃ, sadutiyikā ayyā’’ti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1073 若比丘尼为正哺乳的妇女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1074 ……无论何种……这样的……在此义中被视为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
……是母亲或乳母。显示巴利原文
nāma mātā vā hoti dhāti vā.
……应授具足戒。显示巴利原文
ti upasampādeyya.
如果她说“我要给她授具足戒”,然后去寻找僧团、或轨范师尼、或钵、或衣,或者去划定界场,犯恶作罪。在提案时,犯恶作罪。在两遍羯磨宣告时,犯恶作罪。在羯磨宣告结束时,亲教师尼犯波逸提罪。而僧团和轨范师尼犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1075 对哺乳妇女作哺乳妇女想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对哺乳妇女心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯恶作罪。对哺乳妇女作非哺乳妇女想而授具足戒,不犯。对非哺乳妇女作哺乳妇女想,犯恶作罪。对非哺乳妇女心存疑惑,犯恶作罪。对非哺乳妇女作非哺乳妇女想,不犯。显示巴利原文
Pāyantiyā pāyantisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Pāyantiyā vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Pāyantiyā apāyantisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti. Apāyantiyā pāyantisaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Apāyantiyā vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Apāyantiyā apāyantisaññā, anāpatti.
1076 不犯:对哺乳期妇女,以非哺乳期妇女想而授具足戒;对非哺乳期妇女,以非哺乳期妇女想而授具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti pāyantiṃ apāyantisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, apāyantiṃ apāyantisaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1077 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们为尚未在六法上完成两年学习的学法女授具足戒。这些学法女愚笨、不熟练,不知道什么适宜、什么不适宜。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能为尚未在六法上完成两年学习的学法女授具足戒呢?” ……(中略)…… “诸比丘,比丘尼们真的为尚未在六法上完成两年学习的学法女授具足戒吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责了她们……(中略)…… “诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能为尚未在六法上完成两年学习的学法女授具足戒呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……(中略)……呵责之后……(中略)……作了如法的开示后,对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,我允许给予学法女两年学习六法的许可。而诸比丘,应当这样给予:那位学法女应来到僧团,将上衣搭在一肩,顶礼比丘尼们的足,蹲坐下来,合掌后应这样说:‘圣尼们,我,名叫某某,是某某圣尼的学法女。我向僧团请求两年学习六法的许可。’ 应当这样请求第二次。应当这样请求第三次。应由一位聪明、有能力的比丘尼来通知僧团:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpentī’’ti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ , bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sikkhamānāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya sikkhamānāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya sikkhamānā. Saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1078 “圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的、某某圣尼的学法女向僧团请求两年学习六法的许可。如果僧团时机成熟,僧团应给予这位名叫某某的学法女两年学习六法的许可。这是提案。显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya sikkhamānā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ saṅgho itthannāmāya sikkhamānāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
“圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的、某某圣尼的学法女向僧团请求两年学习六法的许可。僧团给予这位名叫某某的学法女两年学习六法的许可。哪位圣尼同意给予这位名叫某某的学法女两年学习六法的许可,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya sikkhamānā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya sikkhamānāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya sikkhamānāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“僧团已经给予这位名叫某某的学法女两年学习六法的许可。僧团同意,因此保持沉默。我这样记录此事。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya sikkhamānāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
1079 然后应当告诉那位学法女:‘你应当这样说’:‘我受持离杀生学处,在两年内不违犯地遵守它。我受持离不与取学处,在两年内不违犯地遵守它。我受持离非梵行学处,在两年内不违犯地遵守它。我受持离虚妄语学处,在两年内不违犯地遵守它。我受持离导致放逸之因的谷酒、花果酒等酒精类学处,在两年内不违犯地遵守它。我受持离非时食学处,在两年内不违犯地遵守它。’”显示巴利原文
Sā sikkhamānā ‘‘evaṃ vadehī’’ti vattabbā – ‘‘pāṇātipātā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi. Adinnādānā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi. Abrahmacariyā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi. Musāvādā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi. Surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi. Vikālabhojanā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊用各种方式呵责了那些比丘尼之后,说了关于难养之类的……(省略处),并且又这样说:“诸位比丘,让比丘尼们这样诵持这条学处——显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1080 若比丘尼为未满二年于六法学满的学法女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1081 ……无论是什么样的……(省略处)……,这就是在此处所说的‘比丘尼’的意思。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
……‘两年’的意思是:还没有授予她的学法,或者已经授予的学法被破坏了。‘令其成为比丘尼’的意思是:让她受具足戒。显示巴利原文
ti dve saṃvaccharāni. nāma sikkhā vā na dinnā hoti, dinnā vā sikkhā kupitā. ti upasampādeyya.
当她说“我将令她受具足戒”时,如果她去为僧团或导师寻找钵或衣,或者指定界场,犯恶作罪。在动议时,犯恶作。在两次羯磨语期间,都犯恶作。在羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师犯波逸提罪。对于僧团和导师,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1082 在如法羯磨中,作如法羯磨想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。在如法羯磨中,心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。在如法羯磨中,作不如法羯磨想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在非法行为上,她误认为是如法行为,犯恶作罪。在非法行为上,她是疑惑的,犯恶作罪。在非法行为上,她确信是非法行为,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1083 无犯的情况是:为一位在六法上已学满两年的学法女授具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
1084 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们为已经在六法上学满两年、但尚未由僧团认可的学法女授具足戒。比丘尼们这样对她们说:“来,学法女,你知道这个,你给这个,你拿这个来,需要这个,把这个作成如法。”她们这样说:“圣尼,我们不是学法女,我们是比丘尼。”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘etha, sikkhamānā, imaṃ jānātha, imaṃ detha, imaṃ āharatha, iminā attho, imaṃ kappiyaṃ karothā’’ti. Tā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ, ayye, sikkhamānā. Bhikkhuniyo maya’’nti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ‘‘ahaṃ , ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā sikkhamānā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1085 ‘圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位叫某某的学法女,是某某圣尼座下已经圆满修学六法两年的学法女,她请求僧团的出离认可。如果僧团时机合适,僧团应当给这位已经圆满修学六法两年的学法女某某出离认可。这是动议。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā sikkhamānā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
‘圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位叫某某的学法女,是某某圣尼座下已经圆满修学六法两年的学法女,她请求僧团的出离认可。僧团给这位已经圆满修学六法两年的学法女某某出离认可。哪位圣尼同意给这位已经圆满修学六法两年的学法女某某出离认可,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me , ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā sikkhamānā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya vuṭṭhānasammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
‘僧团已经给这位已经圆满修学六法两年的学法女某某出离认可,僧团同意,因此保持沉默,我这样持守。’显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya vuṭṭhānasammuti; khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
然后,世尊以多种方式呵责了那些比丘尼之后,谈到难养活……说:‘诸比丘,再者,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——'显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1086 若比丘尼为已满二年于六法学满、但僧团未羯磨许可的学法女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1087 在这里,'比丘尼'是指任何一种……'学法女'是指……这是在此处所说的'比丘尼'的含义。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
'两年'是指两个年份。'已学六法'是指在六项法上已经修学圆满。'未被认可'是指没有通过白二羯磨给与的出离认可。'令出离'是指授具足戒。显示巴利原文
ti dve saṃvaccharāni. nāma chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. nāma ñattidutiyena kammena vuṭṭhānasammuti na dinnāhoti. ti upasampādeyya.
如果她想着“我要为她授具足戒”,就去寻找僧团、或老师、或钵、或衣,或者制定界场,犯恶作。在动议时犯恶作。在两次羯磨语时犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师犯波逸提。而对于僧团和老师来说,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1088 如果那是如法的行为,她认为那是如法的行为而让她出罪,犯波逸提。如果那是如法的行为,她对此有疑惑而让她出罪,犯波逸提。如果那是如法的行为,她认为那是非如法的行为而让她出罪,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果那是非如法的行为,她认为那是如法的行为,犯恶作。如果那是非如法的行为,她对此有疑惑,犯恶作。如果那是非如法的行为,她认为那是非如法的行为,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1089 没有罪的情况是:她让一位已经在六法上学习了两年所学、并且已被僧团认可的学法女受具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena sammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
1090 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们给那些未满十二岁就已出嫁的在家女子授具足戒。这些女子忍受不了冷、热、饥、渴,忍受不了蚊虫、风、日晒、爬行类动物的碰触,忍受不了说粗恶之语、说难听之语的话语方式。对于已生起的身体上的感受,那些苦的、剧烈的、粗糙的、刺痛的、不愉快的、不合意的、几乎夺命的感受,她们是那种无法忍耐的性格。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、谴责、呵斥道:“比丘尼们怎么能给未满十二岁就已出嫁的在家女子授具足戒呢?”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的在给未满十二岁就已出嫁的在家女子授具足戒吗?”“世尊,那是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能给未满十二岁就已出嫁的在家女子授具足戒呢!诸比丘,未满十二岁就已出嫁的在家女子,忍受不了冷、热、饥、渴,忍受不了蚊虫、风、日晒、爬行类动物的碰触,忍受不了说粗恶之语、说难听之语的话语方式。对于已生起的身体上的感受,那些苦的、剧烈的、粗糙的、刺痛的、不愉快的、不合意的、几乎夺命的感受,她是那种无法忍耐的性格。诸比丘,只有满了十二岁才出嫁的在家女子,才能忍受冷、热、饥、渴,能忍受蚊虫、风、日晒、爬行类动物的碰触,能忍受说粗恶之语、说难听之语的话语方式。对于已生起的身体上的感受,那些苦的、剧烈的、粗糙的、刺痛的、不愉快的、不合意的、几乎夺命的感受,她才具有能忍耐的性格。诸比丘,这不能让那些没有信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme . Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā akkhamā honti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ. Uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātikā honti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Ūnadvādasavassā , bhikkhave, gihigatā akkhamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ. Uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātikā hoti. Dvādasavassāva kho, bhikkhave, gihigatā khamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ. Uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātikā hoti. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1091 若比丘尼为未满十二岁的已婚妇女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ūnadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1092 ……那位,无论是谁……指……就是在这个意义上所说的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“未满十二岁”的意思:指还没达到十二岁。“已嫁人”的意思:指已经嫁作人妇。“让她受具足戒”的意思:就是令她受具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma appattadvādasavassā. nāma purisantaragatā vuccati. ti upasampādeyya.
如果她为了'我要给她授具足戒'而去寻找团体、亲教师、钵或袈裟,或者指定结界区域,犯恶作。在动议时,犯恶作。在两番羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师尼犯波逸提。而团体和亲教师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1093 对未满十二年的对象,在有'未满十二年'的认知下为她授具足戒,犯波逸提。对未满十二年的对象,心有疑虑而授具足戒,犯恶作。对未满十二年的对象,在有'已满十二年'的认知下授具足戒,无犯。显示巴利原文
Ūnadvādasavassāya ūnadvādasavassasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ūnadvādasavassāya vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnadvādasavassāya paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti.
对已满十二年的对象,在有'未满十二年'的认知下,犯恶作。对已满十二年的对象,心有疑虑,犯恶作。对已满十二年的对象,在有'已满十二年'的认知下,无犯。显示巴利原文
Paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya ūnadvādasavassasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya paripuṇṇasaññā, anāpatti.
1094 无犯的情况是:对未满十二年的对象,在有'已满'的认知下授具足戒;对已满十二年的对象,在有'已满'的认知下授具足戒;由于她是精神失常者;由于她是最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ūnadvādasavassaṃ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
1095 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们给那些已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女授具足戒,而对方两年内还未在六法上完成修学。这些妇女愚钝、不善巧,不知什么是适当的、什么是不适当的。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……对此讥嫌、批评、指责道:'比丘尼们怎么能给那些已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女授具足戒,而对方两年内还未在六法上完成修学呢?'……(中略)……'诸比丘,比丘尼们确实给那些已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女授具足戒,而对方两年内还未在六法上完成修学,这是真的吗?''这是真的,世尊。'佛陀世尊呵责了她们……(中略)……'诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能给那些已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女授具足戒,而对方两年内还未在六法上完成修学呢?诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……(中略)……'呵责之后,他做了如法的开示,然后对诸比丘说:'诸比丘,我允许僧团给已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女授予为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。而且,诸比丘,应当这样授予:那位已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女,要来到僧团这里,把上衣搭在一肩,顶礼比丘尼们的双足,然后蹲坐下来,合掌,应当这样请求:'圣尼们,我,名叫某某,是某某圣尼的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的人,向僧团请求为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。'第二次也应请求。第三次也应请求。应由一位贤能、有能力的比丘尼向僧团宣布:'显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1096 '圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的,是某某圣尼的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的人,向僧团请求为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。如果僧团准备就绪,僧团就授予这位名叫某某的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女,为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。这是动议。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
'圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的,是某某圣尼的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的人,向僧团请求为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。僧团授予这位名叫某某的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女,为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。哪位圣尼对授予这位名叫某某的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女为期两年、在六法上的修学许可,感到同意,请保持沉默;哪位感到不同意,请说出来。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
'僧团已经授予这位名叫某某的、已满十二年、曾过家庭生活的妇女,为期两年、在六法上的修学许可。僧团对此感到同意,因此保持沉默。我如此记录此事。'显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
她——一位年满十二年的、曾结过婚的女子——应当被这样告知:'两年之中,你要不违犯地受持离杀生学处……(中略)……两年之中,你要不违犯地受持离非时食学处。'显示巴利原文
Sā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā evaṃ vadehīti vattabbā – ‘‘pāṇātipātā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi…pe… vikālabhojanā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊以种种方式呵责了那些比丘尼,指出她们难被养育……(中略)……之后,说:'诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处——'显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1097 若比丘尼为已满十二岁的已婚妇女、未学满二年六法就授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1098 '我将度她出家。'这样想后,便去寻找僧团、或导师、或钵、或衣,或是划定界场,犯恶作罪。在动议时犯恶作罪。在两番羯磨语时犯恶作罪。在羯磨语结束时,戒师犯波逸提罪。僧团和导师犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“已满十二岁”的意思:指已经达到十二岁。“已嫁人”的意思:指已经嫁作人妇。“二年”的意思:指两个年头。“未修学”的意思:指尚未给予学处,或者已给予的学处失效。“令受具足戒”的意思:就是为她授具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma pattadvādasavassā. nāma purisantaragatā vuccati. ti dve saṃvaccharāni. nāma sikkhā vā na dinnā hoti, dinnā vā sikkhā kupitā. ti upasampādeyya.
如果她想着“我要为她授具足戒”,就去寻找僧团、或老师、或钵、或衣,或者制定界场,犯恶作。在动议时犯恶作。在两次羯磨语时犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提。僧团和老师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1099 在如法羯磨中,认为是如法羯磨而为她授具足戒,犯波逸提。在如法羯磨中,心存疑惑而为她授具足戒,犯波逸提。在如法羯磨中,认为是非法羯磨而为她授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在非法羯磨中,认为是如法羯磨而为她授具足戒,犯恶作。在非法羯磨中,心存疑惑而为她授具足戒,犯恶作。在非法羯磨中,认为是非法羯磨而为她授具足戒,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1100 不犯的情况是:为已满十二岁、已嫁作人妇,并且在两年中已修学六法者授具足戒;或者她是精神失常者;或者她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1101 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们给一位已满十二岁、曾嫁人的、已在六法中学满两年的学法女授具足戒,但未得到僧团许可。比丘尼们这样对她说:“来吧,学法女,要知道这个,要给这个,要拿这个来,需要这个,要把这个作净。”她们这样回答:“圣尼们,我们不是学法女,我们是比丘尼。”那些少欲的比丘尼们……讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么能给一位已满十二岁、曾嫁人的、已在六法中学满两年的学法女授具足戒,却未得僧团许可呢?”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的给一位已满十二岁、曾嫁人的、已在六法中学满两年的学法女授具足戒,却未得僧团许可吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能给一位已满十二岁、曾嫁人的、已在六法中学满两年的学法女授具足戒,却未得僧团许可呢!诸比丘,这不能令未信者生信……”呵责之后……说法,对诸比丘说道:“诸比丘,我允许对一位已满十二岁、曾嫁人的、已在六法中学满两年的学法女给予授具足戒的许可。”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘etha sikkhamānā, imaṃ jānātha, imaṃ detha, imaṃ āharatha, iminā attho, imaṃ kappiyaṃ karothā’’ti. Tā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ, ayye, sikkhamānā, bhikkhuniyo maya’’nti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammattaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma bhikkhave bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā, saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo.
1102 “圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位某某,是圣尼某某名下已完成十二年婚姻生活、在六条法上学了两年的人,向僧团请求授戒的许可。如果僧团时机合适,僧团应当给予这位某某——已完成十二年婚姻生活、在六条法上学了两年的人——授戒的许可。这是动议。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
“圣尼们,请僧团听我说。这位某某,是圣尼某某名下已完成十二年婚姻生活、在六条法上学了两年的人,向僧团请求授戒的许可。僧团给予这位某某——已完成十二年婚姻生活、在六条法上学了两年的人——授戒的许可。哪位圣尼对给予这位某某——已完成十二年婚姻生活、在六条法上学了两年的人——授戒的许可同意,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassā gihigatā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“僧团已给予这位某某——已完成十二年婚姻生活、在六条法上学了两年的人——授戒的许可。僧团同意,因此保持沉默。我这样受持此事。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya gihigatāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊用种种方式呵责了那些比丘尼,指出难以养活……然后说道:“诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这个学处——显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1103 若比丘尼为已满十二岁、已学满二年六法但僧团未许可的已婚妇女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1104 这里,比丘尼是指……就如同上述所说的那种人。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“满十二夏”,即已满十二年者。所谓“已往男子间”,即称为已嫁者。所谓“两年”,即两个年。所谓“已学所学”,即已在六法上学完所应学。所谓“未获认可”,即未以白二羯磨给予授具足戒认可。所谓“应授具足戒”,即应令受具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma pattadvādasavassā. nāma purisantaragatā vuccati. ti dve saṃvaccharāni. nāma chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. nāma ñattidutiyena kammena vuṭṭhānasammuti na dinnā hoti. ti upasampādeyya.
若言「我将令其受具足戒」而寻僧团、或寻亲教师、或寻钵、或寻衣、或定界场,恶作。于白时恶作。于二羯磨语时恶作。羯磨语终了时,亲教师尼犯波逸提。僧团及亲教师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1105 于如法羯磨有如法羯磨想而授具足戒者,犯波逸提罪。于如法羯磨有疑而授具足戒者,犯波逸提罪。于如法羯磨有非法羯磨想而授具足戒者,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
于非法业有如法业想,犯恶作。于非法业有疑,犯恶作。于非法业有非法业想,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1106 无犯:为年满十二岁、已嫁、已在六法上学满两年、并经僧团认可者授具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena sammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1107 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼给共住者授了具足戒后,两年间既不自教,也不令教。她们变得无知、不善巧;不知何为适宜、何为不适宜。那些少欲的比丘尼们……嫌责、讥嫌、非难说:「为何圣尼偷兰难陀给共住者授具足戒后,两年间既不自教,也不令教呢?」……「诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼给共住者授具足戒后,两年间既不自教,也不令教,这是真的吗?」「是真的,世尊。」佛陀世尊呵责……「诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎会给共住者授具足戒后,两年间既不自教,也不令教呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应如是诵此学处——」显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā dve vassāni neva anuggaṇhāti na anuggaṇhāpeti. Tā bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā dve vassāni neva anuggaṇhissati na anuggaṇhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā dve vassāni neva anuggaṇhāti na anuggaṇhāpetīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā dve vassāni neva anuggaṇhissati na anuggaṇhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1108 若比丘尼度弟子出家后,二年间既不摄受教导、也不令人教导,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā dve vassāni neva anuggaṇheyya na anuggaṇhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1109 者。凡如此类……者……此处于此义中名为比丘尼。」显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“共住弟子”的意思是,已经受具足戒之后。“两年”是指两个年头。显示巴利原文
nāma saddhivihārinī vuccati. ti upasampādetvā. ti dve saṃvaccharāni.
“不亲自摄受”的意思是,不以教授、问询、教导、教诫来摄受。显示巴利原文
ti na sayaṃ anuggaṇheyya uddesena paripucchāya ovādena anusāsaniyā.
“不令他人摄受”的意思是,不指派别人,说“这两年,我既不亲自摄受她,也不让人摄受她”。只要一放下这个责任,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya ‘‘dve vassāni neva anuggaṇhissāmi na anuggaṇhāpessāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1110 无犯的情况是:有障碍存在;寻找了但找不到合适的人;为了生病的比丘尼;遭遇不幸时;精神失常者;最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
1111 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,有些比丘尼,对于已经受了具足戒的戒师,在两年内不去依止。她们变得愚钝、不熟练;不知道什么是合适的,什么是不合适的。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……就讥嫌、呵责、批评说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以对受了具足戒的戒师,两年内不去依止呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们确实对受了具足戒的戒师,两年内不去依止,这是真的吗?”“世尊,是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责了……(中略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么可以对受了具足戒的戒师,两年内不去依止呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人产生信心……(中略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo vuṭṭhāpitaṃ pavattiniṃ dve vassāni nānubandhanti. Tā bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo vuṭṭhāpitaṃ pavattiniṃ dve vassāni nānubandhissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo vuṭṭhāpitaṃ pavattiniṃ dve vassāni nānubandhantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo vuṭṭhāpitaṃ pavattiniṃ dve vassāni nānubandhissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1112 若(受具足戒的)比丘尼二年间不随侍其亲教尼,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī vuṭṭhāpitaṃ pavattiniṃ dve vassāni nānubandheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1113 ……这里在这个意义上所指的“比丘尼”,就是这样的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
已达上。名为亲教师。两年。不应亲自侍奉。说「我将不随从两个瓦萨」而放弃责任时,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti upasampāditaṃ. nāma upajjhāyā vuccati. ti dve saṃvaccharāni. ti na sayaṃ upaṭṭhaheyya. Dve vassāni nānubandhissāmīti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1114 无犯情况:亲教师是愚痴人或是无惭无愧之人;受戒者生病;遭遇危难;受戒者精神失常;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti upajjhāyā bālā vā hoti alajjinī vā, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1115 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼为她的一位共住弟子授了具足戒后,自己既不教导她,也不安排别人教导她。结果,她原来的丈夫把她带走了。那些少欲的比丘尼们对此不满、批评、指责说:“圣姑偷兰难陀怎么能为共住弟子授了具足戒后,既不自己教导她,也不安排别人教导她呢?结果她的丈夫把她带走了!如果这位比丘尼当时离开了,她丈夫还能带得走她吗?”…… “诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的为她的一位共住弟子授了具足戒后,既不教导她,也不安排别人教导她,结果她的丈夫把她带走了吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能这么做呢!为共住弟子授了具足戒后,既不自己教导她,也不安排别人教导她,结果她的丈夫把她带走了!诸比丘,这样做不能让那些还没生起信心的人生起信心,也不能让已经生起信心的人增长信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应该这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā neva vūpakāseti na vūpakāsāpeti. Sāmiko aggahesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā neva vūpakāsessati na vūpakāsāpessati, sāmiko aggahesi ! Sacāyaṃ bhikkhunī pakkantā assa, na ca sāmiko gaṇheyyā’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā neva vūpakāseti na vūpakāsāpeti , sāmiko aggahesīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā neva vūpakāsessati na vūpakāsāpessati, sāmiko aggahesi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1116 若比丘尼度共住弟子后,既不令其远行、也不安排其远行哪怕五六由旬,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā neva vūpakāseyya na vūpakāsāpeyya antamaso chappañcayojanānipi, pācittiya’’nti.
1117 这里所说的“比丘尼”是指任何一种这样的情况……在这里所指的,就是此义中的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“共住弟子”是指同住弟子。“授了具足戒后”是指令她受具足戒之后。“不亲自令她离开”是指自己不令她离开。“不让别人令她离开”是指不命令他人令她离开。只要生起“我既不亲自令她离开,也不让别人令她离开,即使只是五六由旬也不”这样的念头,一旦放下责任,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma saddhivihārinī vuccati. ti upasampādetvā. ti na sayaṃ vūpakāseyya. ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vūpakāsessāmi na vūpakāsāpessāmi antamaso chappañcayojanānipī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1118 无犯情况:存在障碍;寻找了但找不到第二位比丘尼来教导;受戒者生病;遭遇危难;受戒者精神失常;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā dutiyikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 童女品显示巴利原文
8. Kumārībhūtavaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1119 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒。这些受戒的女子忍受不了寒冷、炎热、饥饿、口渴,也忍受不了蚊虫、风吹、日晒、爬虫类的触恼,以及粗恶、不恭敬的言语。对于身体所生起的种种痛苦、剧烈、粗砺、锐利、不舒适、不合意乃至能夺命的感受,她们都无力忍耐。那些少欲的比丘尼们对此不满、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒呢!”…… “诸比丘,比丘尼们真的为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒了吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒呢!诸比丘,未满二十岁的童女,忍受不了寒冷、炎热……乃至能夺命的感受,都无力忍耐。诸比丘,只有满了二十岁的童女,才能忍受寒冷、炎热……乃至能夺命的感受,具有忍耐力。诸比丘,这样做不能让那些还没生起信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应该这样诵出这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā akkhamā honti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ. Uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātikā honti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Ūnavīsativassā, bhikkhave, kumāribhūtā akkhamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa…pe… pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātikā hoti. Vīsativassāva kho, bhikkhave, kumāribhūtā khamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa…pe… pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātikā hoti. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1120 若比丘尼为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ūnavīsativassaṃkumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1121 这里所说的“不论什么样的……(省略)……比丘尼”,就是指在这个意义上而言的。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“未满二十岁”的意思。这里指的是沙马内莉。所谓“令其达上”是指给予她具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma appattavīsativassā. nāma sāmaṇerī vuccati. ti upasampādeyya.
当她心想“我要令她受具足戒”的时候,就开始去寻找僧团、或者寻找她的亲教师、或者寻找钵、或者寻找袈裟,又或者去确立界场,这时犯了恶作。在提出动议时,犯恶作。在念完两次羯磨语时,都犯恶作。当羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师犯了波逸提。而僧团和她的亲教师,犯了恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1122 对于未满二十岁的人,作未满二十岁想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对于未满二十岁的人,心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯恶作罪。对于未满二十岁的人,作已满二十岁想而授具足戒,不犯。对于已满二十岁的人,作未满二十岁想,犯恶作罪。对于已满二十岁的人,心存疑惑,犯恶作罪。对于已满二十岁的人,作已满二十岁想,不犯。显示巴利原文
Ūnavīsativassāya ūnavīsativassasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ūnavīsativassāya vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnavīsativassāya paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti. Paripuṇṇavīsativassāya ūnavīsativassasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paripuṇṇavīsativassāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paripuṇṇavīsativassāya paripuṇṇasaññā, anāpatti.
1123 不犯的情况是:对未满二十岁的人作已满二十岁想而授具足戒;对已满二十岁的人作已满二十岁想而授具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ūnavīsativassaṃ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1124 那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园里。就在那个时候,比丘尼们为那些已经年满二十岁、却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没有完成两年六个法上的学习训练之前,就令她们达上。结果,这些女子愚笨无知,无法分辨什么该做、什么不该做。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们对此事感到不满、批评、责备,到处说道:“比丘尼们怎么可以为一个已经年满二十岁却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没完成两年六个法的学习训练之前,就令她们达上呢?”……(省略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的会为一个已经年满二十岁却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没完成两年六个法的学习训练之前,就令她们达上吗?”佛陀问。“这是真的,世尊。”诸比丘回答。佛陀世尊呵责了他们……(省略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以为一个已经年满二十岁却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没完成两年六个法的学习训练之前,就令她们达上呢!诸比丘,这样做既不能让那些没有信心的人生起信心,也不能让那些已经有了信心的人信心增长……(省略)……”在呵责之后,佛陀进行了如法的开示,然后对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,我允许为一位十八岁、从未有过同居经验的女子,授予为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。那么,诸比丘,应该这样授予:那位十八岁、从未有过同居经验的女子,应当来到僧团前,把上衣搭好露岀一边肩膀,向比丘尼们的双足顶礼,然后蹲下身子,合掌当胸,这样请求:‘尊者们,我叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,今年十八岁,从未有过同居经验。我向僧团请求为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。’这样请求第二遍,再请求第三遍。然后应当由一位聪明、有能力的比丘尼来告知僧团:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana bhikkhave dātabbā. Tāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye , itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1125 “‘尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位某某,是某某尊者的弟子,今年十八岁,从未有过同居经验。她正向僧团请求为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。如果僧团觉得是时候了,就请僧团授予某某——这位十八岁、从未有过同居经验的女子——为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。这是动议。’显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
“诸位圣尼,请听我说。这位是某某圣尼的十八岁未婚女子,她请求僧团给予在六条法上两年受持学处的认可。僧团给予这位十八岁的未婚女子某某在六条法上两年受持学处的认可。哪位圣尼同意给予这位十八岁的未婚女子某某在六条法上两年受持学处的认可,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“这位十八岁的未婚女子某某,在六条法上两年受持学处的认可,已被僧团给予。僧团同意这件事,所以保持沉默,我这样记住了。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
应当这样对那位十八岁的未婚女子说:‘我受持离杀生学处,两年内不违犯……乃至……我受持离非时食学处,两年内不违犯。’显示巴利原文
Sā aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā evaṃ vadehīti vattabbā – ‘‘pāṇātipātā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi…pe… vikālabhojanā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊用种种方式呵责了那些比丘尼,指出她们难以奉养……之后,又这样说:“诸位比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——”显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1126 任何比丘尼,若为已满二十岁的未婚女子,于六法未训练满两年,即授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1127 这里的‘某某是这样那样的……乃至……’意指:在这件事中,所指的是那位比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘已满二十岁’是指:她被称为已满二十岁。‘未满二十岁’是指:她被称为沙马内莉。‘两年’是指:两个年头。‘在六条法上没有受持学处’是指:学处没有被给予,或者被给予的学处被违犯了。‘让……受具足戒’是指:令其受具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma pattavīsativassā. nāma sāmaṇerī vuccati. ti dve saṃvaccharāni. nāma sikkhā vā na dinnā hoti, dinnā vā sikkhā kupitā. ti upasampādeyya.
心里想着‘我要让她受具足戒’,然后去寻找团体、或者亲教师、或者钵、或者袈裟,或者选定结界界,犯恶作。在提出动议时,犯恶作。在两番羯磨语后,犯恶作。在羯磨语结束时,对亲教师而言,犯波逸提;对该团体和亲教师而言,犯恶作。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1128 对于如法的僧团羯磨,作如法僧团羯磨想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对于如法的僧团羯磨,心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对于如法的僧团羯磨,作不如法僧团羯磨想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa . Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对于不如法的僧团羯磨,以为是如法的僧团羯磨,犯恶作罪。对于不如法的僧团羯磨,心有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对于不如法的僧团羯磨,以为是不如法的僧团羯磨,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1129 不犯的情况是:为一位年满二十岁的童贞女,已受持六法学处两年者授予具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1130 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,在未经僧团认可的情况下授予具足戒。比丘尼们便这样吩咐她们:"来吧,学法女们,知道这个,拿这个来,取那个去,有这个需要,把这个做成如法吧。"那些女子却这样回答:"尊者们,我们不是学法女,我们是比丘尼。"那些少欲的比丘尼们……谴责、非议、呵斥道:"比丘尼们怎么能为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,在未经僧团认可的情况下授予具足戒呢?"……"诸比丘,比丘尼们真的为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,在未经僧团认可的情况下授予具足戒吗?""是真的,世尊。"佛陀世尊呵责了……"诸比丘,比丘尼们怎能这样做!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……"呵责之后……做了如法的开示后,佛陀对诸比丘说:"诸比丘,我允许为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,举行授具足戒的认可仪式。诸比丘,应当这样举行:那位年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,要到僧团那里,偏袒上衣,礼拜比丘尼们的双足,然后蹲坐下来,合掌,应当这样说:'尊者们,我名叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,是年满二十岁的童贞女,已受持六法学处两年,请求僧团授予具足戒的认可。'第二次也应当请求,第三次也应当请求。应当由一位聪明能干、有能力的比丘尼向僧团报告:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘etha sikkhamānā, imaṃ jānātha, imaṃ detha, imaṃ āharatha, iminā attho, imaṃ kappiyaṃ karothā’’ti. Tā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ, ayye, sikkhamānā; bhikkhuniyo maya’’nti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave , appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇavīsativassā kumāribhūtā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1131 "尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,是年满二十岁的童贞女,已受持六法学处两年,请求僧团授予具足戒的认可。如果僧团到了适当的时候,僧团应当授予这位名叫某某的年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女具足戒的认可。这是动议。显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇavīsativassā kumāribhūtā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
"尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,是年满二十岁的童贞女,已受持六法学处两年,请求僧团授予具足戒的认可。僧团将授予这位名叫某某的年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女具足戒的认可。哪位尊者同意授予这位名叫某某的童贞女具足戒的认可,她保持沉默;哪位不同意,她应当说出来。显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇavīsativassā kumāribhūtā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“僧团已给予这位名叫某某、年满二十岁、为童女、已在六法上学习两年的女子授具足戒许可。僧团同意,所以默然。我这样持。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
然后,佛陀世尊以种种方式呵责了那些比丘尼,指出这是难养的事……接着,又这样说道:"诸比丘,比丘尼们要背诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1132 任何比丘尼,如果为一位已受持六法学处两年但未得僧团认可的式叉摩那授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1133 “比丘尼”在这里指的是:无论是什么样的人……因其如此这般……是已受具足戒、依比丘尼僧团通过一次白二羯磨确立其身份的人。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“已满二十岁”是指达到二十岁。“童女”是指沙弥尼。“两年”是指两个年头。“已在六法上受学处训练”是指已在六法上学习学处。“未得许可”是指未通过白二羯磨给予授具足戒许可。“令受具足戒”是指令她受具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma pattavīsativassā. nāma sāmaṇerī vuccati. ti dve saṃvaccharāni. nāma chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā . nāma ñattidutiyena kammena vuṭṭhānasammuti na dinnā hoti. ti upasampādeyya.
当她心想“我要令她受具足戒”时,去寻找僧团,或寻找轨范师,或寻找钵,或寻找衣,或划定界场,犯恶作。白时,犯恶作。两次羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提;僧团和轨范师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1134 如果对于如法之羯磨,她认为这是如法之羯磨而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。如果对于如法之羯磨,她心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。如果对于如法之羯磨,她认为这是非法之羯磨而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果对于非法之羯磨,她认为这是如法之羯磨,犯恶作罪。如果对于非法之羯磨,她心存疑惑,犯恶作罪。如果对于非法之羯磨,她认为这是非法之羯磨,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1135 无犯的情况是:为一位年满二十岁、曾是童女、在两整年中于六法上已受学、经僧团认可的[学法女]授具足戒;精神失常者无犯;第一个犯下此行为的人无犯。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena sammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
1136 那时,佛陀世尊正居住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,一些年资不足十二夏的比丘尼也去为人授具足戒。她们自己愚昧无知,不清楚什么合适、什么不合适;她们的共住弟子也同样愚昧无知,不清楚什么合适、什么不合适。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……对此感到不满、批评并指责:“这些年资不足十二夏的比丘尼,怎么可以去为人授具足戒呢?”……[她们将此事报告了世尊。世尊问道:]“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的在年资不足十二夏时就为人授具足戒吗?”“这是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了她们……[说:]“诸比丘,年资不足十二夏的比丘尼,怎么可以去为人授具足戒呢?诸比丘,这不会使尚未生起信心的人生起信心……[正确的做法是:]诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Saddhivihāriniyopi bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1137 若比丘尼自身戒腊未满十二年就度人(作亲教尼),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1138 无论何种身份……此处的比丘尼即指此义。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
指的是出家未满十二年的。显示巴利原文
nāma appattadvādasavassā.
令其受具足戒。显示巴利原文
ti upasampādeyya.
当她心想“我要度她受具足戒”而去寻找众、或寻找老师、或寻找钵、或寻找衣,或者去划定界限时,犯恶作。在白时,犯恶作。在两次羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提。众和老师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1139 无犯的情况是:已满十二年的比丘尼度人受具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti paripuṇṇadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
1140 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒。她们愚昧无知,不精通;不知道什么是合适的,什么是不合适的。连她们自己的随学比丘尼也愚昧无知,不精通;不知道什么是合适的,什么是不合适的。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……她们对此感到不满、非难、指责:‘怎么可以这样,这些比丘尼虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒呢!’……‘诸比丘,比丘尼们虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒,这是真的吗?’‘世尊,这是真的。’佛陀世尊呵责道……‘诸比丘,她们怎么可以这样,比丘尼们虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……’呵责之后……为诸比丘说法后,佛陀对诸比丘说道:‘诸比丘,我允许为已出家满十二年的比丘尼授予出戒许可。诸比丘,应当这样授予:那位已经出家满十二年的比丘尼来到僧团面前,将上衣搭于一肩,向上座比丘尼们顶礼双足,然后蹲踞而坐,合掌当胸,她应如此说:‘尊者们,我,名叫某某的比丘尼,出家已满十二年,向僧团求取出戒许可。’第二次也应这样请求。第三次也应这样请求。那位比丘尼,应当被僧团审查过:‘这位比丘尼是精通的、知耻的。’如果她是愚昧无知且不知耻的,就不应该授予。如果她是愚昧无知但知耻的,也不应该授予。如果她是精通但不知耻的,也不应该授予。如果她既是精通的又是知耻的,才可以授予。诸比丘,应当这样授予:应由一位精通、有能力的比丘尼向僧团提议:’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Saddhivihāriniyopi bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghena paricchinditabbā – ‘‘byattāyaṃ bhikkhunī lajjinī’’ti. Sace bālā ca hoti alajjinī ca, na dātabbā. Sace bālā hoti lajjinī, na dātabbā. Sace byattā hoti alajjinī, na dātabbā. Sace byattā ca hoti lajjinī ca, dātabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1141 “尊者尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼,向僧团请求度人许可。如果僧团时机适当,僧团可以给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼度人许可。这是白。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
“尊者尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼,向僧团请求度人许可。僧团给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼度人许可。哪位尊者尼同意给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼度人许可,她就沉默;哪位不同意,她就说出来。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
‘僧团已给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼授具足戒许可。僧团同意,所以保持沉默。我如此受持此事。’显示巴利原文
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊以种种方式呵责了那些比丘尼之后,说她们难以供养……乃至……诸诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1142 若比丘尼自身虽已满十二腊、但未经僧团羯磨许可,就度人(作亲教尼),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti .
1143 这里,无论是什么样的……乃至……在此义理中,所指的就是这样的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
已满十二年的。显示巴利原文
nāma pattadvādasavassā.
‘未给予’是指未以白二羯磨给予授具足戒许可。若授具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma ñattidutiyena kammena vuṭṭhāpanasammuti na dinnā hoti. ti upasampādeyya.
如果心想‘我要为她授具足戒’,而去寻找团体、或寻找轨范师尼、或寻找钵、或寻找衣,或划定界场,犯恶作。白时,犯恶作。两次羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师尼犯波逸提。团体和轨范师尼犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1144 如果对于如法的羯磨,她以为是如法的羯磨而度人受具足戒,犯波逸提。如果对于如法的羯磨,她心有疑惑而度人受具足戒,犯波逸提。如果对于如法的羯磨,她以为是不如法的羯磨而度人受具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果对于不如法的羯磨,她以为是如法的羯磨,犯恶作。如果对于不如法的羯磨,她心有疑惑,犯恶作。如果对于不如法的羯磨,她以为是不如法的羯磨,犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1145 无犯的情况是:已满十二年、经僧团认可者授具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena sammatā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
1146 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,阐陀伽利比丘尼来到比丘尼僧团那里,请求授具足戒许可。于是,比丘尼僧团审查阐陀伽利比丘尼后,对她说:‘尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了。’便没有给她授具足戒许可。阐陀伽利比丘尼答应说:‘好的。’然而后来,比丘尼僧团给了其他比丘尼授具足戒许可。阐陀伽利比丘尼便对此抱怨、批评、指责说:‘看来我确实愚蠢,看来我确实不知羞耻,僧团给其他比丘尼授具足戒许可,却不给我。’那些少欲的比丘尼们……也抱怨、批评、指责说:‘阐陀伽利尊尼怎么可以在被告知“尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了”时,当面答应说“好的”,事后却又陷入抱怨呢?’……‘诸比丘,据说阐陀伽利比丘尼在被说“尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了”时,答应说“好的”,事后又陷入抱怨,是真的吗?’他们回答:‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责她……显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācati. Atha kho bhikkhunisaṅgho caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ paricchinditvā – ‘‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’’ti, vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ na adāsi. Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇi. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhunisaṅgho aññāsaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ deti. Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘ahameva nūna bālā, ahameva nūna alajjinī; yaṃ saṅgho aññāsaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ deti, mayhameva na detī’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī – ‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’ti vuccamānā ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, ‘caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī alaṃ tāva te ayye vuṭṭhāpitenā’ti vuccamānā ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī – ‘‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’’ti vuccamānā ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1147 若比丘尼被劝「姐妹,你暂且别再度人了」、口头答应「好」后又心怀嫌责,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī – ‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’ti vuccamānā ‘sādhū’tipaṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1148 ……这里的……就……是……在这件事上所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
当被说:‘圣尼,对您来说,被授具足戒的人已经够了’时,她答应了说‘好的’,事后却又陷入抱怨的行为,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti alaṃ tāva te, ayye, upasampāditena. ‘Sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1149 无犯的情况是:一个由于本性,因为贪欲、嗔恚、愚痴、恐惧而做这件事的人被抱怨;她是精神失常者;她是最初的违犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti pakatiyā chandā dosā mohā bhayā karontaṃ khiyyati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1150 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位学法女来到偷兰难陀比丘尼跟前,请求受具足戒。偷兰难陀比丘尼对那学法女说:‘圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼。’之后既没有让她成为比丘尼,也没有为让她成为比丘尼作努力。于是,那学法女将这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们讥嫌、指责、批评说:‘偷兰难陀圣尼怎么能对学法女说:圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼,之后既不让她成为比丘尼,也不为让她成为比丘尼作努力呢?’……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的对学法女说:圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼,之后既不让她成为比丘尼,也不为让她成为比丘尼作努力吗?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能对学法女说:圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼,之后既不让她成为比丘尼,也不为让她成为比丘尼作努力呢?诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵持这学处——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā sikkhamānā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā upasampadaṃ yāci. Thullanandā bhikkhunī taṃ sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā sikkhamānā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā sikkhamānaṃ – ‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye , cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1151 若比丘尼对学法女说「姐妹,你若给我衣,我就度你」,后来无障难却既不度、也不努力使之得度,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi, evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’ti vatvā, sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva vuṭṭhāpeyya na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1152 所谓‘那种’……此处,‘比丘尼’即此义。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
学法女,即于两年中在六法上已学所学。显示巴利原文
nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā.
‘那样我将令她受具足戒。’显示巴利原文
ti evāhaṃ taṃ upasampādessāmi.
‘若无障碍。’显示巴利原文
ti asati antarāye.
‘不亲自令她受具足戒。’显示巴利原文
ti na sayaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya.
‘也不命令他人。’当放下责任想:‘我既不令她受具足戒,也不为她的受具足戒作努力’时,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vuṭṭhāpessāmi na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1153 无犯:有难缘时、寻找了却得不到、因病、在灾难中、她是疯癫者、她是初犯者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处显示巴利原文
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1154 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位学法女去见偷兰难陀比丘尼,向她请求具足戒。偷兰难陀比丘尼对那学法女说:‘圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒。’这样说了之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而作任何努力。于是,那位学法女把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的……比丘尼们不满、指责、非难说:‘偷兰难陀圣尼怎么可以对学法女说“圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒”之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而努力呢?’……‘诸比丘,是真的吗?偷兰难陀比丘尼对学法女说“圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒”之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而努力?’‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以对学法女说“圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒”之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而努力呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——’显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā sikkhamānā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā upasampadaṃ yāci. Thullanandā bhikkhunī taṃ sikkhamānaṃ ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā sikkhamānā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā sikkhamānaṃ – sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmīti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ ayye dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1155 若比丘尼对学法女说「姐妹,你若随我二年,我就度你」,后来无障难却既不度、也不努力使之得度,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘sace maṃ tvaṃ ayye dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’ti vatvā, sā pacchā anantarāyikinīneva vuṭṭhāpeyya na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1156 '比丘尼’者,……在此意义上,即指比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“两年”是指:两年中在六法上已学所学。显示巴利原文
nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā.
‘你将奉侍’是指两年之中奉侍。显示巴利原文
ti dve saṃvaccharāni upaṭṭhahissasi.
‘我将令你受具足戒’就是如此。显示巴利原文
ti evāhaṃ taṃ upasampādessāmi.
‘若无难缘’。显示巴利原文
ti asati antarāye.
不应自己给她授具足。显示巴利原文
ti na sayaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya.
也不应指使别人给她授具足。如果想着‘我既不自己给她授具足,也不为此费心努力’,只要这么一推卸责任,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vuṭṭhāpessāmi na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1157 不犯的情况:遇到障碍、寻找后找不到、她生病了、有灾祸时、她发疯了、最初违犯的。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处显示巴利原文
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
1158 那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼给一位与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授了具足戒。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(省略)……她们嘲讽、批评、指责说:‘圣者偷兰难陀怎么能给这种与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授具足呢?’……(省略)……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的给了一个与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授具足吗?’‘是的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责了她……(省略)……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能给这样一个与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授具足呢!诸比丘,这不能让那些没有信心的人产生信心……(省略)……’然后,佛陀世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1159 若比丘尼为亲近男子、亲近少年、性情暴躁、忧郁的学法女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1160 ‘比丘尼’的意思是:凡是如此这般……(省略)……在这里,‘比丘尼’就是指这个意义上的受具足戒的女性。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
‘年满二十岁’的意思是达到了二十岁。‘未满二十岁’的意思是还没到二十岁。‘由于不适当的行为’的意思是与男子通过不合宜的身体、语言行为混在一起。‘暴躁易怒’的意思是所说的那种容易发怒。显示巴利原文
nāma pattavīsativasso. nāma appattavīsativasso. nāma ananulomikena kāyikavācasikena saṃsaṭṭhā. nāma kodhanā vuccati.
‘带来忧愁’的意思是指给别人制造痛苦,带来忧伤。‘已两年在六法上学习’的意思是说,在六条规则上已经学习了两年。‘授具足’的意思就是给她授具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma paresaṃ dukkhaṃ uppādeti, sokaṃ āvisati. nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. ti upasampādeyya.
当她想着‘我要为她授具足戒’而去寻找僧团、或轨范师尼、或钵、或衣,或者划定界场时,犯恶作。在白时犯恶作。在两次羯磨语时犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师尼犯波逸提;僧团和轨范师尼犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa; gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1161 不犯:在她不知情的情况下让她出家;在癫狂者的情况下;在最初犯戒者的情况下。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ajānantī vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处显示巴利原文
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1162 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼给一位未经父母和丈夫同意的学法女授了具足戒。父母和丈夫都生气、指责、批评说:‘圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能给一个未经我们同意的人授具足戒呢!’比丘尼们听到了那些父母和丈夫的生气、指责和批评。那些少欲的比丘尼们……生气、指责、批评说:‘圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能给未经父母和丈夫同意的人授具足戒呢!’……诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的给了一个未经父母和丈夫同意的学法女授具足戒,是真的吗?‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责说……诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能给未经父母和丈夫同意的人授具足戒呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应该这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti. Mātāpitaropi sāmikopi ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā amhehi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo mātāpitūnampi sāmikassapi ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī, mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpetīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1163 若比丘尼为父母或丈夫未许可的学法女授具足戒,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī mātāpitūhi vā sāmikena vā ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1164 ……任何……比丘尼……是指在此处所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“父母”是指生育她的人。“丈夫”是指占有她的人。“未征询”是指没有请问过(父母和丈夫)。“学法女”是指两年中在六法上已学所学者。“令受具足戒”是指为她授具足戒。显示巴利原文
nāma janakā vuccanti. nāma yena pariggahitā hoti. ti anāpucchā. nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. ti upasampādeyya.
当她想着‘我要让她出家’而去寻找僧团、或导师、或钵、或衣,或者划定界场时,就犯恶作。在动议时犯恶作。在两轮羯磨语进行中犯两个恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提。僧团和导师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
Vuṭṭhāpessāmīti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1165 不犯:不知情者让她出家;在征得同意后让她出家;在癫狂者的情况下;在最初犯戒者的情况下。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ajānantī vuṭṭhāpeti, apaloketvā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
11. 第十一学处显示巴利原文
11. Ekādasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1166 那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦园。当时,偷兰难陀比丘尼心想:“我要为学法女授具足戒。”她召集长老比丘们,见到有大量嚼食和噉食后,便说:“尊者们,我暂时不为学法女授具足戒了。”于是遣走长老比丘们,又召集提婆达多、拘迦利、迦吒莫达迦帝沙、骞荼提毗之子、三牟陀达多,为学法女授具足戒。那些少欲的比丘尼们……责备、批评、讥嫌道:“偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以以给与别住者欲的方式,为学法女授具足戒呢?”……“诸比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼以给与别住者欲的方式,为学法女授具足戒,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以以给与别住者欲的方式,为学法女授具足戒呢!这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti there bhikkhū sannipātetvā pahūtaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ passitvā – ‘‘na tāvāhaṃ, ayyā, sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti there bhikkhū uyyojetvā devadattaṃ kokālikaṃ kaṭamodakatissakaṃ khaṇḍadeviyā puttaṃ samuddadattaṃ sannipātetvā sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1167 若比丘尼借「别住者授欲(凑足僧数)」的方式度学法女,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1168 “比丘尼”者,即任何这样……的……在此意义上,所指的是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“已出罪的众”指的是:一位学法女,若她已从某众中出了罪,那众便称为“已出罪的众”。“学法女”指的是受持六法已满两年的女子。“为出罪”指的是为她授具足戒。显示巴利原文
ti vuṭṭhitāya parisāya. nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. ti upasampādeyya.
如果想着“我要为她授具足戒”,而寻找僧团、轨范师、钵或衣,或者划定界场,犯恶作。白羯磨时犯恶作。两次羯磨语时犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,和尚尼犯波逸提。僧团和轨范师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa . Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1169 不犯的情况:在僧众尚未散去时为她授具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti avuṭṭhitāya parisāya vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
12. 第十二学处显示巴利原文
12. Dvādasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1170 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们年年都为人出家,住处容纳不下。人们责备、批评、讥嫌道:“比丘尼们怎么可以年年为人出家,住处都容纳不下呢!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的责备、批评、讥嫌。那些少欲的比丘尼们……对此责备、批评、讥嫌道:“比丘尼们怎么可以年年为人出家呢!”……“诸比丘,据说比丘尼们确实年年为人出家,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以年年为人出家呢!这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti, upassayo na sammati. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti, upassayo na sammatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1171 若比丘尼年年(连续)度人,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1172 这里的“比丘尼”,是指无论何种情况……指的那种……在这个意义上,所指的就是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“隔年”指的是:隔一年。“授具足戒”指的是为其授具足戒。显示巴利原文
nti anusaṃvaccharaṃ. ti upasampādeyya.
当她说“我将授其具足戒”时,如果她去团体、为老师、为钵、为衣而奔走,或者去划定界场,犯恶作罪。在动议时,犯恶作罪。在两次羯磨语时,犯恶作罪。在羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师尼犯波逸提罪。而团体和老师,犯恶作罪。显示巴利原文
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1173 不犯的情况是:她隔一年度一人受具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ekantarikaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
13. 第十三学处显示巴利原文
13. Terasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1174 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,比丘尼们在一年之中度两个人出罪。住所因此变得和以前一样不够用。人们也因此讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么能在一年之中度两个人出罪呢!住所变得和以前一样不够用了!”那些比丘尼们听到了这些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么能在一年之中度两个人出罪呢!”……“诸比丘,据说比丘尼们真的在一年之中度两个人出罪,这是真的吗?”“世尊,是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责了她们……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能一年之中度两个人出罪呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人产生信心……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵出这条学处:显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpenti. Upassayo tatheva na sammati. Manussā tatheva ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpessanti! Upassayo tatheva na sammatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1175 若比丘尼一年度二人(同年度二弟子),犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1176 这里的“比丘尼”,是指无论何种情况……指的那种……在这个意义上,所指的就是比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“一年”是指一个整年。“两人”是指应授具足戒给两人。显示巴利原文
nti ekaṃ saṃvaccharaṃ. ti dve upasampādeyya.
心想“我要为两人授具足戒”,于是寻找僧团或轨范师,或者寻找钵、衣,或划定界场,犯恶作;白羯磨时犯恶作;两次羯磨语时犯恶作;羯磨语结束时,和尚尼犯波逸提,而僧团和轨范师犯恶作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Dve vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1177 无犯:隔一年度一人出家;精神失常者;最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ekantarikaṃ ekaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 伞鞋品显示巴利原文
9. Chattupāhanavaggo
1. 第一学处显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1178 那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,六群比丘尼使用伞和鞋。在家众讥嫌、批评、到处说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以使用伞和鞋,就像在家的享乐女人一样!”比丘尼们听见了那些在家众的讥嫌、批评。那些少欲的比丘尼她们也讥嫌、批评、到处说:“六群比丘尼怎么能使用伞和鞋呢?”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的使用伞和鞋吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛世尊呵责……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能使用伞和鞋呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生信,能使已生信者退失信心……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṃ dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṃ dhāressanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṃ dhāressantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṃ dhārentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo chattupāhanaṃ dhāressanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
任何比丘尼,用伞、穿鞋者,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti.
就这样,世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处。显示巴利原文
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
1179 那时,有一位比丘尼生病了。她没有伞和鞋就不舒服……他们向世尊禀告此事……“诸比丘,我允许生病的比丘尼使用伞和鞋。诸比丘,你们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī gilānā hoti. Tassā vinā chattupāhanaṃ na phāsu hoti…pe… bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānāya bhikkhuniyā chattupāhanaṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1180 若比丘尼无病而(撑)伞、(穿)鞋,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī agilānā chattupāhanaṃ dhāreyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1181 所谓比丘尼,是指……(省略重复)……在此处的意义所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“非病苦”指的是:不持伞和鞋也觉得舒适的人。显示巴利原文
nāma yassā vinā chattupāhanaṃ phāsu hoti.
“病苦”是指:不持伞和鞋就觉得不舒适的人。显示巴利原文
nāma yassā vinā chattupāhanaṃ na phāsu hoti.
伞有三种:白伞、草席伞、树叶伞,这些伞有圆形的框架,有用骨架支撑绑定的。即使只是手持片刻,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma tīṇi chattāni – setacchattaṃ, kilañjacchattaṃ, paṇṇacchattaṃ maṇḍalabaddhaṃ salākabaddhaṃ. ti sakimpi dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1182 无病,而自以为无病,持用伞和鞋,犯波逸提。无病,而心怀疑惑,持用伞和鞋,犯波逸提。无病,而自以为有病,持用伞和鞋,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Agilānā agilānasaññā chattupāhanaṃ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Agilānā vematikā chattupāhanaṃ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Agilānā gilānasaññā chattupāhanaṃ dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
只持用伞,不穿鞋,犯恶作。只穿鞋,不持用伞,犯恶作。有病,而自以为无病,犯恶作。有病,而心怀疑惑,犯恶作。有病,而自以为有病,不犯。显示巴利原文
Chattaṃ dhāreti na upāhanaṃ, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Upāhanaṃ dhāreti na chattaṃ, āpatti dukkaṭassa . Gilānā agilānasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Gilānā vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Gilānā gilānasaññā, anāpatti.
1183 不犯的情况有:因病苦;在寺院内或寺院周边区域持用;遭遇灾难;精神失常者;最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti gilānāya, ārāme ārāmūpacāre dhāreti, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1184 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,六群比丘尼乘车而行。人们对此讥讽、批评、非议道:“这些比丘尼怎么能像那些在家享乐的女人一样乘车呢!”那些比丘尼们听到了这些人的讥讽、批评和非议。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们也因此讥讽、批评、非议道:“六群比丘尼怎么能乘车呢!”……(省略)……“诸比丘,这是真的吗?六群比丘尼真的乘车而行吗?”“世尊,是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能乘车!这不能让未生信者生信,能让已生信者退心……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵持这条学处——”显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo yānena yāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo yānena yāyissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe. … tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo yānena yāyissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo yānena yāyantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo yānena yāyissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
任何比丘尼,乘车者,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti.
就这样,世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处。显示巴利原文
Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.
1185 那时,有位比丘尼生病了,不能靠脚走路……他们把这件事禀报给世尊……“诸比丘,我允许生病的比丘尼乘坐交通工具。诸比丘,比丘尼们要这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī gilānā hoti, na sakkoti padasā gantuṃ…pe… bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ…pe… anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānāya bhikkhuniyā yānaṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1186 若比丘尼无病而乘车,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī agilānā yānena yāyeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1187 所谓‘这样那样……因为……这就是此处所说的比丘尼。’显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
是指能用脚走路。显示巴利原文
nāma sakkoti padasā gantuṃ.
“病苦”是指不能步行。显示巴利原文
nāma na sakkoti padasā gantuṃ.
是指马车、牛车、货车、担架、轿子、草椅。显示巴利原文
nāma vayhaṃ ratho sakaṭaṃ sandamānikā sivikā pāṭaṅkī.
即使只乘坐一次车乘,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti sakimpi yānena yāyati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1188 无病者,以无病想而乘坐车乘,犯波逸提。无病者,对是否无病有疑而乘坐车乘,犯波逸提。无病者,以有病想而乘坐车乘,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Agilānā agilānasaññā yānena yāyati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Agilānā vematikā yānena yāyati, āpatti pācittiyassa . Agilānā gilānasaññā yānena yāyati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
有病者,以无病想而乘坐车乘,犯恶作。有病者,对是否有病有疑而乘坐车乘,犯恶作。有病者,以有病想而乘坐车乘,不犯。显示巴利原文
Gilānā agilānasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Gilānā vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Gilānā gilānasaññā, anāpatti.
1189 无犯的情况是:有病时、有灾难时、精神失常者、最初的犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处显示巴利原文
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1190 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,有一位比丘尼是某个在家妇女的常往供养者。那位妇女对比丘尼说:“来吧,圣尼,请把这个腰链交给某某妇女。”那位比丘尼心想:“我如果用手捧着拿去,会忘记的。”于是她把腰链系在身上走了。在路上,线断了,腰链散落一地。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼怎么能戴腰链呢?就像在家的享欲女人们一样!”那些少欲的比丘尼们听到这些人的讥嫌、批评、指责后,也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼怎么能戴腰链呢?”……“诸比丘,听说有位比丘尼真的戴了腰链,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能戴腰链呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī aññatarissā itthiyā kulūpikā hoti. Atha kho sā itthī taṃ bhikkhuniṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handāyye, imaṃ saṅghāṇiṃ amukāya nāma itthiyā dehī’’ti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī – ‘‘sacāhaṃ pattena ādāya gacchāmi vissaro me bhavissatī’’ti paṭimuñcitvā agamāsi. Tassā rathikāya suttake chinne vippakiriyiṃsu. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo saṅghāṇiṃ dhāressanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe. … tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī saṅghāṇiṃ dhāressatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī saṅghāṇiṃ dhāretī’’ti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī saṅghāṇiṃ dhāressati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1191 若比丘尼佩戴(妇女的)腰饰,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī saṅghāṇiṃ dhāreyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1192 所谓“比丘尼”的意思是指:在这件事上,所意指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“腰链”是指任何一种系在腰臀部位的饰物。显示巴利原文
nāma yā kāci kaṭūpagā.
即使只戴一次,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti sakimpi dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1193 无犯的情况是:因病而戴腰带、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhappaccayā, kaṭisuttakaṃ dhāreti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处显示巴利原文
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
1194 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,六群比丘尼佩戴女人的装饰品。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“怎么比丘尼们竟能佩戴女人的装饰品,就像那些享受欲乐的在家女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“怎么六群比丘尼竟能佩戴女人的装饰品!”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的佩戴女人的装饰品吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……说:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能佩戴女人的装饰品!这不能使未生信者生信……。诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo itthālaṅkāraṃ dhārenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo itthālaṅkāraṃ dhāressanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo itthālaṅkāraṃ dhāressantī’’ti …pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo itthālaṅkāraṃ dhārentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo itthālaṅkāraṃ dhāressanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1195 若比丘尼佩戴妇女的装饰品,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī itthālaṅkāraṃ dhāreyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1196 ……是指……在这层意义上,她就被称为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓‘女人的装饰品’,指的是戴在头上的、戴在脖子上的、戴在手上的、戴在脚上的、戴在腰上的。即使只佩戴一次,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma sīsūpago gīvūpago hatthūpago pādūpago kaṭūpago. ti sakimpi dhāreti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1197 无犯的情况是:因病而使用、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhapaccayā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处显示巴利原文
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
1198 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,六群比丘尼用有香味的颜料洗澡。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“怎么比丘尼们竟能用有香味的颜料洗澡,就像那些享受欲乐的在家女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“怎么六群比丘尼竟能用有香味的颜料洗澡!”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的用有香味的颜料洗澡吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……说:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能用有香味的颜料洗澡!这不能使未生信者生信……。诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1199 若比丘尼用香料、妆粉洗浴,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī gandhavaṇṇakena nahāyeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1200 “比丘尼”者,即任何这样……的……在此意义上,她被称为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“香”是指任何香。“粉”是指任何涂香。“沐浴”是指洗澡。在使用时犯恶作,沐浴结束时犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma yo koci gandho. nāma yaṃ kiñci vaṇṇakaṃ. ti nahāyati. Payoge dukkaṭaṃ, nahānapariyosāne āpatti pācittiyassa.
1201 无犯:因病缘,疯癫者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhappaccayā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处显示巴利原文
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
1202 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,六群比丘尼用加了香料的谷粉沐浴。人们讥嫌、批评、指责道:“这些比丘尼怎么能用加了香料的谷粉沐浴呢?就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评、指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们也讥嫌、批评、指责道:“六群比丘尼怎么能用加了香料的谷粉沐浴呢?”……“诸比丘,据说六群比丘尼真的用加了香料的谷粉沐浴吗?”“确实如此,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能用加了香料的谷粉沐浴呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵习这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo vāsitakena piññākena nahāyanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo vāsitakena piññākena nahāyissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo vāsitakena piññākena nahāyissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo vāsitakena piññākena nahāyantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo vāsitakena piññākena nahāyissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1203 若比丘尼用熏香的胡麻渣(香粉)洗浴,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī vāsitakena piññākena nahāyeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1204 “比丘尼”者,即任何这样……的……在此意义上,她被称为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“加了香料”是指任何用香料处理过的。“谷粉”是指芝麻磨成的粉。“沐浴”是指洗澡。在使用时犯恶作,沐浴结束时犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nāma yaṃ kiñci gandhavāsitakaṃ. nāma tilapiṭṭhaṃ vuccati. ti nahāyati. Payoge dukkaṭaṃ, nahānapariyosāne āpatti pācittiyassa.
1205 不犯:因病,以普通谷粉沐浴,精神失常者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti ābādhappaccayā, pakatipiññākena nahāyati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处显示巴利原文
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1206 那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,比丘尼们让比丘尼按压身体、也让比丘尼揉捏身体。在寺院周围漫步的人们看见后,讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么能让比丘尼按压身体、揉捏身体,就像在家的享乐女人一样呢!”比丘尼们听见了那些人讥嫌、批评、指责的话。那些少欲的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能让比丘尼按压身体、揉捏身体呢!”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们确实让比丘尼按压身体、揉捏身体,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛世尊呵责……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能让比丘尼按压身体、揉捏身体呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpentipi parimaddāpentipi. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpessantipi parimaddāpessantipi seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpessantipi parimaddāpessantipī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpentipi parimaddāpentipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpessantipi parimaddāpessantipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1207 若比丘尼令(另一)比丘尼为自己揉按、按摩,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpeyya vā parimaddāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
1208 “比丘尼”者,即任何这样……的……在此意义上,她被称为比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
是指另一位比丘尼。按压:如果让她按压,犯波逸提罪。揉捏:如果让她揉捏,犯波逸提罪。显示巴利原文
ti aññāya bhikkhuniyā. ti ummaddāpeti , āpatti pācittiyassa. ti sambāhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1209 不犯:病者,遇难时,精神失常者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8-9-10. 第八第九第十学处显示巴利原文
8-9-10. Aṭṭhama-navama-dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1210 那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,比丘尼们让在学法女按压身体、揉捏身体……让沙马内莉按压身体、揉捏身体……让在家女人按压身体、揉捏身体。在寺院周围漫步的人们看见后,讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么能让在家女人按压身体、揉捏身体,就像在家的享乐女人一样呢!”比丘尼们听见了那些人讥嫌、批评、指责的话。那些少欲的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能让在家女人按压身体、揉捏身体呢!”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们确实让在家女人按压身体、揉捏身体,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛世尊呵责……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能让在家女人按压身体、揉捏身体呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo sikkhamānāya ummaddāpentipi parimaddāpentipi…pe… sāmaṇeriyā ummaddāpentipi parimaddāpentipi…pe… gihiniyā ummaddāpentipi parimaddāpentipi. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gihiniyā ummaddāpessantipi parimaddāpessantipi, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gihiniyā ummaddāpessantipi parimaddāpessantipīti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gihiniyā ummaddāpentipi parimaddāpentipīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gihiniyā ummaddāpessantipi parimaddāpessantipi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1211 若比丘尼令(学法女、沙弥尼、)在家女为自己揉按、按摩,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī (sikkhamānāya…pe… sāmaṇeriyā…pe…) gihiniyā ummaddāpeyya vā parimaddāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
1212 “比丘尼”:在此义中,凡是指这样的……(省略)……比丘尼,即所称的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“两年内于六法受学之学戒女”。显示巴利原文
nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā.
“十戒女”。显示巴利原文
nāma dasasikkhāpadikā.
“在家女性”。显示巴利原文
nāma agārinī vuccati.
令按压,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti ummaddāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
叫人揉捏,波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti sambāhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1213 无犯:因病,遇难,精神失常者,最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti gilānāya , āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
11. 第十一学处显示巴利原文
11. Ekādasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1214 那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们在比丘面前未问许可便坐在座位上。诸比丘不满、批评、指责:“这些比丘尼怎么能在比丘面前不问许可就坐下呢!”……(省略)……“诸比丘,这是真的吗:比丘尼们在比丘面前不问许可,就坐下了?”“是真的,世尊。”佛世尊呵责……(省略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能在比丘面前不问许可就坐下呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……(省略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdanti. Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1215 若比丘尼未问(经)许就在比丘面前的座位坐下,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1216 意指像这样的一位……乃至……这就是在此处所指的比丘尼。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
意指在已受具足戒者的面前。意指未请示。意指即使只是坐在地上,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti upasampannassa purato. ti anapaloketvā. ti antamaso chamāyapi nisīdati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1217 在未询问的情况下,以为自己未询问而坐于座位,犯波逸提。在未询问的情况下,有疑心而坐于座位,犯波逸提。在未询问的情况下,以为自己已询问而坐于座位,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Anāpucchite anāpucchitasaññā āsane nisīdati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite vematikā āsane nisīdati, āpatti pācittiyassa . Anāpucchite āpucchitasaññā āsane nisīdati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在已询问的情况下,以为自己未询问,犯恶作。在已询问的情况下,有疑心,犯恶作。在已询问的情况下,以为自己已询问,不犯。显示巴利原文
Āpucchite anāpucchitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite āpucchitasaññā, anāpatti.
1218 不犯的情况如下:请问后而坐于座位,生病时,有灾难时,精神失常者,最初的犯戒者。结束。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti āpucchā āsane nisīdati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
12. 第十二学处显示巴利原文
12. Dvādasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1219 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们向未给与允许的比丘询问问题。诸比丘批评、责备、议论说:“比丘尼们怎么能向未给与允许的比丘询问问题呢?”……乃至……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的向未给与允许的比丘询问问题吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能向未给与允许的比丘询问问题呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……乃至……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti. Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ pucchissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1220 若比丘尼对未给机会(未经允许)的比丘提问诘难,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ puccheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1221 “ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe…”——这位,就是在此意义上被称为比丘尼的人。显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“anāpucchā”的意思是未请求开许。“upasampannaṃ”指的是已达上者。“suttante okāsaṃ kārāpetvā vinayaṃ vā abhidhammaṃ vā pucchati”的意思是,在经教领域请求开许后,却去问律或阿毗达摩的问题,就犯波逸提。在律领域请求开许后,去问经或阿毗达摩的问题,就犯波逸提。在阿毗达摩领域请求开许后,去问经或律的问题,就犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
nti anāpucchā. nti upasampannaṃ. ti suttante okāsaṃ kārāpetvā vinayaṃ vā abhidhammaṃ vā pucchati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Vinaye okāsaṃ kārāpetvā suttantaṃ vā abhidhammaṃ vā pucchati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Abhidhamme okāsaṃ kārāpetvā suttantaṃ vā vinayaṃ vā pucchati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1222 对于未请求开许的对象,心里也知道是未请求开许,却去问问题,犯波逸提。对于未请求开许的对象,心里有疑惑,却去问问题,犯波逸提。对于未请求开许的对象,心里却以为是已请求开许的,去问问题,也犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
Anāpucchite anāpucchitasaññā pañhaṃ pucchati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite vematikā pañhaṃ pucchati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anāpucchite āpucchitasaññā pañhaṃ pucchati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对于已请求开许的对象,心里却以为是未请求开许的,去问问题,犯恶作。对于已请求开许的对象,心里有疑惑,去问问题,犯恶作。对于已请求开许的对象,心里也知道是已请求开许的,去问问题,不犯。显示巴利原文
Āpucchite anāpucchitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Āpucchite āpucchitasaññā, anāpatti.
1223 不犯的情况有:请求开许后再问;没有指定范围地请求开许后,在任何地方问;比丘尼精神失常时;最初犯戒的人。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti okāsaṃ kārāpetvā pucchati, anodissa okāsaṃ kārāpetvā yattha katthaci pucchati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
13. 第十三学处显示巴利原文
13. Terasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1224 那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,有一位比丘尼,她没有穿好衬裙就进入村子去托钵乞食。在路上,一阵旋风把她的僧伽帝衣掀了起来。人们起哄喊叫:“看哪,圣尼的胸和肚子真好看!”那位比丘尼被这些人取笑,感到羞愧不安。于是,那位比丘尼回到住处,把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“身为比丘尼,怎么能不穿好衬裙就进入村子呢!”……佛陀问:“诸比丘,听说有比丘尼不穿衬裙就进入村子,是真的吗?”诸比丘回答:“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,比丘尼怎么能不穿衬裙就进入村子呢!诸比丘,这不能让还没信的人生起信心……乃至……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样来诵这条学处——显示巴利原文
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī asaṅkaccikā gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tassā rathikāya vātamaṇḍalikā saṅghāṭiyo ukkhipiṃsu. Manussā ukkuṭṭhiṃ akaṃsu – ‘‘sundarā ayyāya thanudarā’’ti. Sā bhikkhunī tehi manussehi uppaṇḍiyamānā maṅku ahosi. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī upassayaṃ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhunī asaṅkaccikā gāmaṃ pavisissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī asaṅkaccikā gāmaṃ pāvisīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhunī asaṅkaccikā gāmaṃ pavisissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1225 若比丘尼不着僧祇支(覆肩衣)就进入村落,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāpana bhikkhunī asaṅkaccikāasaṅkacchikā (syā.)gāmaṃ paviseyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1226 “yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe…”——这里所指的,也就是在此意义上被称为比丘尼的人。”显示巴利原文
ti yā yādisā…pe… ti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
没有覆肩衣。显示巴利原文
ti vinā saṅkaccikaṃ.
覆肩衣是指从锁骨以下、肚脐以上的部分,用来遮蔽这个部位。显示巴利原文
nāma adhakkhakaṃ ubbhanābhi, tassa paṭicchādanatthāya.
对于建有围墙的村庄,当她越过围墙时,犯波逸提。对于没有围墙的村庄,当她进入村子的近郊范围时,犯波逸提。显示巴利原文
ti parikkhittassa gāmassa parikkhepaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa. Aparikkhittassa gāmassa upacāraṃ okkamantiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
1227 无犯:衣被夺走者;衣丢失者;生病;不记得;不知道;遇到灾难;精神失常;最初犯戒者。显示巴利原文
Anāpatti acchinnacīvarikāya, naṭṭhacīvarikāya, gilānāya, assatiyā, ajānantiyā, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
诸位圣尼,一百六十六条波逸提法已经诵出。在此,我问诸位圣尼:‘你们对此完全清净吗?’第二次,我问:‘你们对此完全清净吗?’第三次,我问:‘你们对此完全清净吗?’诸位圣尼对此完全清净,所以默然。我这样记住这件事。显示巴利原文
Uddiṭṭhā kho, ayyāyo, chasaṭṭhisatā pācittiyā dhammā. Tatthāyyāyo pucchāmi – ‘‘kaccittha parisuddhā’’? Dutiyampi pucchāmi – ‘‘kaccittha parisuddhā’’? Tatiyampi pucchāmi – ‘‘kaccittha parisuddhā’’? Parisuddhetthāyyāyo, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmīti.
━━ 归纳讲解,仅供参考 ━━
人物名册 Pali 中文(经文用名) 角色 Thullanandā 偷兰难陀 比丘尼,多起事件的当事人 aññataro upāsako 近事男 供养蒜的在家居士 khettapālo 田园的守护者 管理田园的人 chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo 六群比丘尼 犯下剃除隐处毛等行为的比丘尼群体 bhikkhuniyo 比丘尼们 事件的目击者与评判者 vesiyā 妓女们 与比丘尼同渡口沐浴 Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī 大爱道·乔达弥 比丘尼之祖,向佛请求 Ārohanto mahāmatto 阿罗诃多 大臣,出家为比丘 purāṇadutiyikā bhikkhunī 前妻 阿罗诃多的前妻,出家为比丘尼,打比丘者 aññataro brāhmaṇo nibbiṭṭharājabhaṭo 婆罗门 被粪便倾倒在头上的退役国王兵役人员 sikkhamānā 在学尼 受持六法的在学女子 sāmaṇerī 沙弥尼 受持十戒的女子 gihinī 在家女人 在家女性
地点 事件主要发生在舍卫城祇树给孤独园,部分场景涉及释迦国咖毕拉瓦图的尼拘律园,以及城邑、田园、河岸等场所。
事件 这部经记录了佛陀为比丘尼僧团制定的多条戒律,起因是比丘尼们在日常生活中出现了种种不适当的行为。比如图拉难达比丘尼使人过量取蒜,导致供养中断;六群比丘尼剃除隐私部位毛发,与人裸体同浴;有比丘尼互相拍打、使用不当器具等。每当这类事件发生,引发在家众或僧团内部不满,佛陀便会呵责当事人,并以此为缘起制定一条明确的学处,规定违犯的罪责和开缘情况。
经文摘要 比丘尼行为不当引发讥嫌 → 佛陀呵责并以此制定戒条 → 详列违犯的构成要素、犯相与无犯情况。
中心思想 这是佛陀为维持僧团清净、保护比丘尼免受讥嫌而设立的“行为规范手册”,核心是教她们如何在细微处守护根门与威仪。
背景:僧团的声誉就是法的声誉
在家人用眼睛看着出家人怎么生活。如果比丘尼不加节制、不讲卫生、不避嫌疑,就会被骂作“秃头绑匪女”或“像在家享受欲乐的女人”。佛陀说:“这不能使未信者生信,能让已信者退心。”所以这些戒,本质不是为了限制,而是为了建造一个让僧团能安心修行、也让社会能尊重信任的保护网。
核心:戒律是“适量”与“遮蔽”的智慧
这条戒的重点在“不知适量”。图拉难达因为过去世过度贪婪失去金翅膀,今世又因不知适量而面临失去蒜。佛陀引这个故事点明:“因过度贪婪而失去金子。现在将失去蒜。”戒律教人在一切行为中把握分寸,连取用不超过“两指节”这种生理卫生的细节都被规定,背后是警示:越界的贪著,会让我们失去更珍贵的法财。
另一群戒的重点在“遮蔽”与“请问”。比丘尼“不谨慎”入村、在比丘前不问便坐、未请示便问法,这些在佛看来都是心不处于尊重与自我防护的状态。佛陀要求:你心中要先有对他人的尊重,对规则的自觉,行为才不会变成放纵。
要旨:每一个行为,都要在看见它“是否导向离欲”之后再去做。
戒律不是一张处罚清单,而是就像种田的篱笆,看似限制自由,实则守护了里面的庄稼不被野兽糟蹋。正如经文反复说,如果是“病缘、难缘、疯狂者、最初犯戒者”则不犯——这说明戒律守护的是善心,而不是惩罚无心之失。
关键术语锚 - dhamma :这里主要指佛说的“如法之语”,即依教法的开示、呵责与规则。区别于指“现象/事物”的泛用法,此处是佛陀以法的权威说话。
- sacca :经文中的`Saccaṃ`是“真实的吗?”的问语。这里锁死为对事实真伪的询问,而非抽象“真理”。
- kamma :表面指“行为”,但经中佛陀的呵责和制戒都在强调:不当的`kamma`会产生现世的讥嫌(恶业果报的一种),比如失去供养。
- vihāra :原义为“住”,此处具体指比丘尼的“住所”。易错点在于泛化为“安住的心境”,但这里就是指物理的建筑空间。
- bhikkhu/bhikkhunī :比丘/比丘尼。需严格区分性别与身份,因为许多戒条的核心就是比丘尼与比丘、与在家众的互动边界。
- ānāpatti :“无犯/不犯”。制戒的关键结构,界定哪些情况(如病缘、初犯)不构成违犯,体现了戒律不因无心之失或必要因缘而惩罚的灵活性。