4. 同铺品·1. 第一学处
4. 波逸提篇(比丘尼分别) · 207 段
1. 第一学处
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
932那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们两个人同铺在一张床上。人们走访寺院到处看,见到后就生起不满、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以两个人同铺在一张床上,就像那些在家的、享受欲乐的女人一样!”那些比丘尼们听到了那些人的不满、批评和指责。那些少欲的……比丘尼们就生起不满、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么可以两个人同铺在一张床上!”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的两个人同铺在一张床上吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以两个人同铺在一张床上!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme . Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
933若两位比丘尼同卧一床,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhuniyo dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭeyyuṃ, pācittiya’’nti.
934‘凡’者,无论何种……(中略)‘比丘尼’者,谓已受具足戒者。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhuniyoti upasampannāyo vuccanti.
在一人已躺下后,另一人躺下,犯波逸提。或者两人同时躺下,犯波逸提。起身后又一次次躺下,也犯波逸提。
Dve ekamañce tuvaṭṭeyyunti ekāya nipannāya aparā nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ubho vā nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Uṭṭhahitvā punappunaṃ nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
935无犯的情况是:在一人躺着时,另一人坐着、或者两人都坐着、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ekāya nipannāya aparā nisīdati, ubho vā nisīdanti, ummattikānaṃ, ādikammikānanti.
2. 第二学处
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
936那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有比丘尼两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧。人们巡视寺院时看到了,就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧?简直就像在家人、享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么可以两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧呢?”……“诸位比丘,比丘尼们真的两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸位比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以两个人共用一铺一盖地躺卧呢?诸位比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸位比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭenti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ , bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
937若两位比丘尼共用一褥一被同卧,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhuniyo dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭeyyuṃ, pācittiya’’nti.
938‘她们’指的是已受具足戒者。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhuniyoti upasampannāyo vuccanti.
就是共用那同一铺的,又共用那同一盖的,犯波逸提。
Dve ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭeyyunti taññeva attharitvā taññeva pārupanti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
939在共用一铺一盖上,有共用一铺一盖的认知而躺卧,犯波逸提。在共用一铺一盖上,心存疑惑而躺卧,犯波逸提。在共用一铺一盖上,有不同铺不同盖的认知而躺卧,犯波逸提。
Ekattharaṇapāvuraṇe ekattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā tuvaṭṭenti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekattharaṇapāvuraṇe vematikā tuvaṭṭenti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekattharaṇapāvuraṇe nānattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā tuvaṭṭenti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
同一铺但不同盖,犯恶作。不同铺但同一盖,犯恶作。在不同铺不同盖上,有共用一铺一盖的认知,犯恶作。在不同铺不同盖上,心存疑惑,犯恶作。在不同铺不同盖上,有不同铺不同盖的认知,无犯。
Ekattharaṇe nānāpāvuraṇe , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇe ekapāvuraṇe , āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇapāvuraṇe ekattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇapāvuraṇe vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nānattharaṇapāvuraṇe nānattharaṇapāvuraṇasaññā, anāpatti.
940无犯的情况:明确区分好然后躺下、精神失常者、最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti vavatthānaṃ dassetvā nipajjanti, ummattikānaṃ, ādikammikānanti.
3. 第三学处
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
941那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼博学多闻,善于宣说,自信无畏,有能力开示法义。跋陀迦毗罗尼也同样博学多闻,善于宣说,自信无畏,有能力开示法义,深受敬重。人们心想:“圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼博学多闻,善于宣说,自信无畏,有能力开示法义,深受敬重。”于是先亲近承事跋陀迦毗罗尼,之后才去亲近承事偷兰难陀比丘尼。偷兰难陀比丘尼心生嫉妒,心想:“听说这些少欲、知足、远离、不与人杂处的人,竟然这样处处暗示、处处索求!”于是她在跋陀迦毗罗尼跟前经行,又站到她跟前,又坐到她跟前,又在她跟前铺设卧具躺下,又在她跟前诵经,又叫人在她跟前诵经,还自己温习诵经。那些少欲的比丘尼们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么可以故意让圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼感到不安呢?”……“诸位比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的故意让跋陀迦毗罗尼感到不安吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸位比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以故意让跋陀迦毗罗尼感到不安呢?诸位比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸位比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ. Bhaddāpi kāpilānī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā. Manussā – ‘‘ayyā bhaddā kāpilānī bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā’’ti bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ paṭhamaṃ payirupāsitvā, pacchā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ payirupāsanti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī issāpakatā – ‘‘imā kira appicchā santuṭṭhā pavivittā asaṃsaṭṭhā yā imā saññattibahulā viññattibahulā viharantī’’ti bhaddāya kāpilāniyā purato caṅkamatipi tiṭṭhatipi nisīdatipi seyyampi kappeti uddisatipi uddisāpetipi sajjhāyampi karoti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā ayyāya bhaddāya kāpilāniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
942若比丘尼故意使(另一)比丘尼不安(扰恼),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
943“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“比丘尼的”,是指另一位比丘尼的。
Bhikkhuniyāti aññāya bhikkhuniyā.
这里的“明知”,是指她清楚地知道、明确地辨识,并故意、蓄意地违犯。
Sañciccāti jānantī sañjānantī cecca abhivitaritvā vītikkamo.
如果她不请求允许,心里想着:“我这样会让她感到不舒服。”然后在(那位比丘尼的)前面经行、或站立、或坐着、或铺设卧具、或诵读、或叫人诵读、或做复习,这就犯波逸提罪。
Aphāsuṃ kareyyāti – ‘‘iminā imissā aphāsu bhavissatī’’ti anāpucchā purato caṅkamati vā tiṭṭhati vā nisīdati vā seyyaṃ vā kappeti uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā sajjhāyaṃ vā karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
944对方是已受具足戒者,自己也有已受具足戒的想,故意令对方不舒服,犯波逸提罪。对方是已受具足戒者,自己对此有疑惑,故意令对方不舒服,犯波逸提罪。对方是已受具足戒者,自己却认为对方未受具足戒,故意令对方不舒服,犯波逸提罪。
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对方是未受具足戒者,故意令对方不舒服,犯恶作罪。对方是未受具足戒者,自己却认为对方已受具足戒,犯恶作罪。对方是未受具足戒者,自己对此有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对方是未受具足戒者,自己也认为对方未受具足戒,犯恶作罪。
Anupasampannāya sañcicca aphāsuṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
945无犯的情况是:并非出于令对方不舒服的意图,在请求允许后,于(那位比丘尼的)前面经行、或站立、或坐着、或铺设卧具、或诵读、或叫人诵读、或做复习;或者当事者是精神失常者;或者是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti na aphāsuṃ kattukāmā āpucchā purato caṅkamati vā tiṭṭhati vā nisīdati vā seyyaṃ vā kappeti uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā sajjhāyaṃ vā karoti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
946那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼不照顾一位生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾她。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们对此感到不满、批评、指责:“圣姑偷兰难陀怎么能既不照顾生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾她呢?”……“诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的不照顾生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能既不照顾生病的同住比丘尼,也不努力找人去照顾呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭheti na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭhessati na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭheti na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭhessati na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
947若比丘尼对生病的同住弟子既不照看、也不努力使人照看,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī dukkhitaṃ sahajīviniṃ neva upaṭṭheyya na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
948“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“生病的”,是指患病者。
Dukkhitā nāma gilānā vuccati.
所谓“同住弟子”,是指共住弟子。
Sahajīvinī nāma saddhivihārinī vuccati.
自己不照顾。
Neva upaṭṭheyyāti na sayaṃ upaṭṭheyya.
不应为令他人侍奉而热心,也不应命令他人。
Na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyyāti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya.
当她说“我既不照顾,也不努力找人照顾”,而把这责任一放下,就犯波逸提。如果对弟子或未受具足戒者既不照顾,也不努力找人照顾,犯恶作。
‘‘Neva upaṭṭhessāmi, na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa. Antevāsiniṃ vā anupasampannaṃ vā neva upaṭṭheti, na upaṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
949无犯的情况是:有障碍时,寻找后得不到,为病者,在危难中,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
950那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,跋陀迦毗罗尼在萨给德城入雨安居。她因有一点事务需要处理,便派人送信给偷兰难陀比丘尼:‘如果圣尼偷兰难陀愿意给我一处住所,我就来舍卫城。’偷兰难陀比丘尼这样说:‘让她来吧,我会给的。’于是,跋陀迦毗罗尼从萨给德来到了舍卫城。偷兰难陀比丘尼就把住所给了跋陀迦毗罗尼。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼多闻、能背诵、有自信、擅长说法。跋陀迦毗罗尼也多闻、能背诵、有自信、擅长说法,并且极受尊敬。人们心想:‘圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼多闻、能背诵、有自信、擅长说法、极受尊敬’,便先去亲近侍奉跋陀迦毗罗尼,之后才去亲近侍奉偷兰难陀比丘尼。偷兰难陀比丘尼被嫉妒心所败,心想:‘嘿!她们这几个少欲、知足、远离、不混杂的人,实际却总是暗示、总是明求地过日子!’她愤怒、不高兴,就把跋陀迦毗罗尼从住所里赶了出去。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……她们讥讽、批评、指责道:‘圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能把住所给了圣尼跋陀迦毗罗尼之后,又愤怒、不高兴地把她赶出去呢?’……(中略)……佛陀世尊说:‘诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的在把住所给了跋陀迦毗罗尼之后,又愤怒、不高兴地把她赶出去了吗?’诸比丘回答:‘是真的,世尊。’佛陀世尊呵责道……(中略)……‘诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能把住所给了跋陀迦毗罗尼之后,又愤怒、不高兴地把她赶出去呢?诸比丘,这不能让未信者生信……(中略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——’
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhaddā kāpilānī sākete vassaṃ upagatā hoti. Sā kenacideva karaṇīyena ubbāḷhā thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā santike dūtaṃ pāhesi – ‘‘sace me ayyā thullanandā upassayaṃ dadeyya āgaccheyyāmahaṃ sāvatthi’’nti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī evamāha – ‘‘āgacchatu, dassāmī’’ti. Atha kho bhaddā kāpilānī sāketā sāvatthiṃ agamāsi. Thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ adāsi. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ. Bhaddāpi kāpilānī bahussutā hoti bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā. Manussā – ‘‘ayyā bhaddā kāpilānī bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ uḷārasambhāvitā’’ti bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ paṭhamaṃ payirupāsitvā pacchā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ payirupāsanti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī issāpakatā – ‘‘imā kira appicchā santuṭṭhā pavivittā asaṃsaṭṭhā yā imā saññattibahulā viññattibahulā viharantī’’ti kupitā anattamanā bhaddaṃ kāpilāniṃ upassayā nikkaḍḍhi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā ayyāya bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhaddāya kāpilāniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
951若比丘尼把住处给了(另一)比丘尼后,起嗔、心不悦而把她赶出(或令人赶出),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍheyya vā nikkaḍḍhāpeyya vā, pācittiya’’nti.
952“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓‘对另一位比丘尼’,‘名为’是指有门有闩的,称为‘住处’。所谓‘自己给了之后’,所谓‘愤怒、不高兴’,是指内心不愉快、有嗔恨、生起了恶念。
Bhikkhuniyāti aññāya bhikkhuniyā. Upassayo nāma kavāṭabaddho vuccati. Datvāti sayaṃ datvā. Kupitā anattamanāti anabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.
所谓“赶出”,是指在房里抓住她并赶到门口,犯波逸提。在门口抓住她并赶到外面,犯波逸提。以一个动作使她通过许多门,犯波逸提。
Nikkaḍḍheyyāti gabbhe gahetvā pamukhaṃ nikkaḍḍhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Pamukhe gahetvā bahi nikkaḍḍhati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekena payogena bahukepi dvāre atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
所谓“令人赶出”,是指指使她人去做,犯波逸提。命令一次,而使其通过许多门,犯波逸提。
Nikkaḍḍhāpeyyāti aññaṃ āṇāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa . Sakiṃ āṇattā bahukepi dvāre atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
953对方是已受具足戒者,自己有已受具足戒想,给与住所后,愤怒、不高兴地亲自赶走或令她人赶走,犯波逸提。对方是已受具足戒者,自己心中疑惑,给与住所后,愤怒、不高兴地亲自赶走或令她人赶走,犯波逸提。对方是已受具足戒者,自己有未受具足戒想,给与住所后,愤怒、不高兴地亲自赶走或令她人赶走,犯波逸提。
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。从无门闩的住处把她扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。把未受具足戒者从有门闩的住处或无门闩的住处扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者作已受具足戒想,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者有疑惑,犯恶作。对未受具足戒者作未受具足戒想,犯恶作。
Tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Akavāṭabaddhā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannaṃ kavāṭabaddhā vā akavāṭabaddhā vā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
954无犯:把无耻者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把精神失常者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把在僧团中制造纷争者、制造斗诤者、制造争论者、制造闲谈者、制造诤事者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把不如法行持的弟子或共住者扔出去,或叫人扔出去;把她的资具扔出去,或叫人扔出去;精神失常者,最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti alajjiniṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, ummattikaṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, bhaṇḍanakārikaṃ kalahakārikaṃ vivādakārikaṃ bhassakārikaṃ saṅghe adhikaraṇakārikaṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, antevāsiniṃ vā saddhivihāriniṃ vā na sammā vattantiṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, tassā parikkhāraṃ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
955那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,旃陀迦利比丘尼与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……讥嫌、批评、指责说:“圣者旃陀迦利怎么能与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,据说旃陀迦利比丘尼确实与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往,这是真的吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责……(中略)……“诸比丘,旃陀迦利比丘尼怎么能与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……(中略)……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī saṃsaṭṭhā viharissati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave , caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharissati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
956若比丘尼与居士或居士子相亲狎而住;诸比丘尼应劝谏“姊妹莫与居士相狎而住,当远离独住”……经三谏仍不舍,犯波逸提。若三谏中舍弃,那便好;若不舍,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā vihareyya gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi evamassa vacanīyā – ‘māyye, saṃsaṭṭhā vihari gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Viviccāyye; vivekaññeva bhaginiyā saṅgho vaṇṇetī’ti. Evañca sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi yāvatatiyaṃ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya. Yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsīyamānā taṃ paṭinissajjeyya, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
957“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“与在家人及在家人的儿子混杂交往”指:以不适当的身体行为或语言行为混杂交往。
Saṃsaṭṭhā nāma ananulomikena kāyikavācasikena saṃsaṭṭhā.
“在家人”指:任何住在俗家中的人。
Gahapati nāma yo koci agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.
“在家人的儿子”指:任何儿子、兄弟。
Gahapatiputto nāma ye keci puttabhātaro.
那位比丘尼是混处者。
Sā bhikkhunīti yā sā saṃsaṭṭhā bhikkhunī.
指其他的比丘尼们。那些看见或听闻此事的比丘尼应对她说:“大姊,不要与在家男子或在家人之子混在一起居住。大姊,请远离独处。僧团对姊妹的独处是赞叹的。”应这样对她说第二次。应这样对她说第三次。如果她放弃了,这样很好;如果不放弃,恶作。那些比丘尼们听了却不劝告,恶作。这位比丘尼应被拉到僧团中间,对她说:“大姊,不要与在家男子或在家人之子混在一起居住。大姊,请远离独处。僧团对姊妹的独处是赞叹的。”应这样对她说第二次。应这样对她说第三次。如果她放弃了,这样很好;如果不放弃,恶作。这位比丘尼应被劝谏。诸比丘,应这样劝谏。应由一位贤能、有能力的比丘尼向僧团宣布:
Bhikkhunīhīti aññāhi bhikkhunīhi. Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, saṃsaṭṭhā vihari gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Viviccāyye; vivekaññeva bhaginiyā saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā – ‘‘māyye, saṃsaṭṭhā vihari gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Viviccāyye; vivekaññevabhaginiyā saṅgho vaṇṇetī’’ti. Dutiyampi vattabbā. Tatiyampi vattabbā. Sace paṭinissajjati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce paṭinissajjati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
958“尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位某某比丘尼与在家男子和在家人之子混在一起居住,她不肯放弃那件事。如果僧团觉得合适,僧团应为了让她放弃那件事而劝谏某某比丘尼。这是动议。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Esā ñatti.
“尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位某某比丘尼与在家男子、在家人之子混在一起而住,她不肯放弃那件事。僧团为令某某比丘尼放弃那件事而劝谏她。若哪位尊者认可为令她放弃那件事而对某某比丘尼的劝谏,请保持沉默;若不认可,请说。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā bhikkhunī saṃsaṭṭhā viharati gahapatināpi gahapatiputtenapi. Sā taṃ vatthuṃ na paṭinissajjati. Saṅgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuniṃ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“我第二次宣说此事……(中略)……我第三次宣说此事……(中略)……
‘‘Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe… tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe….
“某某比丘尼已被僧团劝谏以让她放弃那件事;僧团认可,因此保持沉默。我这样受持。”
‘‘Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya; khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
在动议阶段,恶作。在两番羯磨语阶段,恶作罪。羯磨语结束时,犯波逸提。
Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti pācittiyassa.
959在如法羯磨中,想“这是如法羯磨”,却不肯放弃,犯波逸提。在如法羯磨中,有疑虑却不肯放弃,犯波逸提。在如法羯磨中,想“这是非法羯磨”,却不肯放弃,犯波逸提。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在非法羯磨上,却以为是如法羯磨,犯恶作。在非法羯磨上,有疑惑,犯恶作。在非法羯磨上,知道是非法羯磨,犯恶作。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
960无犯的情况是:没有被劝告的她、正在放弃的她、精神失常者、最初的犯戒者。
Anāpatti asamanubhāsantiyā, paṭinissajjantiyā, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
961那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。也正是在那个时候,比丘尼们没有护卫,在国境内那些被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方游走。歹徒们侵犯了她们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……议论、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么可以没有护卫,在国境内那些被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方游走呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,据说比丘尼们真的没有护卫,在国境内那些被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方游走,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了……(中略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以没有护卫,在国境内那些被视为有危险、有恐怖的地方游走呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……(中略)……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样宣读这条学处:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ caranti. Dhuttā dūsenti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
962若比丘尼在本国境内被认为可疑、有危险之处,无(商队)护卫而游行,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ careyya, pācittiya’’nti.
963“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“领城内”指的是:她所居住之处、那位国王治下的领土内。
Antoraṭṭheti yassa vijite viharati, tassa raṭṭhe.
所谓“被认为有危险”,是指在那条路上,可见盗贼驻扎之处,可见他们吃喝之处,可见他们站立之处,可见他们坐下之处,可见他们躺卧之处。
Sāsaṅkaṃ nāma tasmiṃ magge corānaṃ niviṭṭhokāso dissati, bhuttokāso dissati, ṭhitokāso dissati, nisinnokāso dissati, nipannokāso dissati.
“有恐怖”指的是:在这条道路上,能看见被贼杀害的人、被掠夺的人、被殴打的人。
Sappaṭibhayaṃ nāma tasmiṃ magge corehi manussā hatā dissanti, viluttā dissanti, ākoṭitā dissanti.
名为“没有商队(护卫)”。
Asatthikā nāma vinā satthena.
在有鸡飞及范围内的村落中,每经过一处村落到另一处村落,就犯一个波逸提罪。在没有村的旷野中,每走半个由旬,就犯一个波逸提罪。
Cārikaṃ careyyāti kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare āpatti pācittiyassa. Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
964无犯的情况是:与商队一同行走;在安全、没有危险的地方行走;遭遇危难时;心神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti satthena saha gacchati, kheme appaṭibhaye gacchati, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
965那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们没有商队,在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行。歹徒们侮辱她们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……她们批评、呵责、指责道:“为什么比丘尼们没有商队,要在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们确实没有商队,在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行,这是真的吗?”“世尊,是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责道……(中略)……“诸比丘,为什么比丘尼们没有商队,要在被认为危险、有恐怖的外国领地游行呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生起信心……(中略)……”接着,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ caranti. Dhuttā dūsenti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ carissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
966若比丘尼在国境之外被认为可疑、有危险之处,无护卫而游行,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye asatthikā cārikaṃ careyya, pācattiya’’nti.
967“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“在其他领地”的意思:除了她所居住的国王管辖地之外的另一个领地。
Tiroraṭṭheti yassa vijite viharati, taṃ ṭhapetvā aññassa raṭṭhe.
所谓“被认为有危险”,是指在那条路上,可见盗贼驻扎之处,可见他们吃喝之处,可见他们站立之处,可见他们坐下之处,可见他们躺卧之处。
Sāsaṅkaṃ nāma tasmiṃ magge corānaṃ niviṭṭhokāso dissati, bhuttokāso dissati, ṭhitokāso dissati, nisinnokāso dissati, nipannokāso dissati.
“有恐怖”的意思:在那条路上,可以看到被强盗杀害的人,被抢劫的人,被殴打的人。
Sappaṭibhayaṃ nāma tasmiṃ magge corehi manussā hatā dissanti, viluttā dissanti, ākoṭitā dissanti.
“无护卫”的意思:没有商队。
Asatthikā nāma vinā satthena.
在有鸡飞距离的村落间,每经过一个村落间隔,就犯波逸提;在无村落的旷野中,每走半由旬,就犯波逸提。
Cārikaṃ careyyāti kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare, āpatti pācittiyassa. Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
968无犯的情况是:与商队一起行进,在安全无险的区域行进,遇到灾难时,精神失常者,最初的违犯者。
Anāpatti satthena saha gacchati, kheme appaṭibhaye gacchati , āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
969那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀迦园。那时,比丘尼们在雨季安居期间外出行脚。人们议论、批评、指责道:“怎么这些比丘尼在雨季安居期间还外出行脚,踩坏青草,伤害独根生命,导致许多小生命聚集而死呢!”那些比丘尼们听到了那些人议论、批评、指责的话。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也议论、批评、指责道:“怎么这些比丘尼竟在雨季安居期间外出行脚呢!”……佛陀问:“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的在雨季安居期间外出行脚吗?”“是的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能在雨季安居期间外出行脚呢!诸比丘,这既不能让未生信的人生信,也不能让已生信的人增长信心……诸比丘,应当这样诵持这个学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ caranti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carissanti haritāni tiṇāni ca sammaddantā, ekindriyaṃ jīvaṃ viheṭhentā, bahū khuddake pāṇe saṅghātaṃ āpādentā’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo antovassaṃ cārikaṃ carissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
970若比丘尼在雨安居期间(外出)游行,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī antovassaṃ cārikaṃ careyya, pācittiya’’nti.
971“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“雨安居期间”,是指不论所住满的是前三个月还是后三个月,都不作分别。
Antovassanti purimaṃ vā temāsaṃ pacchimaṃ vā temāsaṃ avasitvā.
在鸡能飞到的村落区域,每经过一个村落间隔,就犯波逸提。在没有村落的荒野,每过半个由旬,就犯波逸提。
Cārikaṃ careyyāti kukkuṭasampāte gāme gāmantare gāmantare āpatti pācittiyassa. Agāmake araññe addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
972无犯:因需要做七日以内的事情而出行;被其他人赶着走;遭遇灾难时;疯癫者;最初违犯者。
Anāpatti sattāhakaraṇīyena gacchati, kenaci ubbāḷhā gacchati, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
973那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦园。那时,比丘尼们就在这王舍城过雨安居,也在那里过冬,也在那里过夏。人们讥嫌、非难、指责说:“比丘尼们的方向都是黑乎乎的,她们的方向不分明。”那些比丘尼听到那些人在讥嫌、非难、指责。于是,那些比丘尼就把这件事告诉给诸比丘。诸比丘又把这件事禀告世尊。于是,世尊以这个因缘、这个事件,做了如法的开示后,对诸比丘说:“诸位比丘,以此,我将为比丘尼制定一条学处,凭藉十种利益:为使僧团善好……为使正法久住、为扶助毗奈耶。而且,诸位比丘,比丘尼应当这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo tattheva rājagahe vassaṃ vasanti, tattha hemantaṃ, tattha gimhaṃ. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘āhundarikā bhikkhunīnaṃ disā andhakārā, na imāsaṃ disā pakkhāyantī’’ti. Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmi dasa atthavase paṭicca – saṅghasuṭṭhutāya…pe… saddhammaṭṭhitiyā vinayānuggahāya. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
974若比丘尼安居已竟,却不出外游行哪怕五六由旬,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī vassaṃvuṭṭhā cārikaṃ na pakkameyya antamaso chappañcayojanānipi, pācittiya’’nti.
975“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“已过雨安居”者,是指已住过前三个月或后三个月。
Vassaṃvuṭṭhā nāma purimaṃ vā temāsaṃ pacchimaṃ vā temāsaṃ vuṭṭhā.
说“我哪怕只有五六由旬也不出行游行”,就在放弃义务的当下,犯波逸提。
‘‘Cārikaṃ na pakkamissāmi antamaso chappañcayojanānipī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
976无犯:有障碍存在时;寻找后未能得到另一位比丘尼(同行);生病时;遭遇灾难时;疯癫者;最初违犯者。
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā dutiyikaṃ bhikkhuniṃ na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 彩画殿堂品
5. Cittāgāravaggo
1. 第一学处
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
977那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,憍萨罗国王波斯匿的御花园的彩画殿堂里新画了一幅巧妙构思之画。很多人前去参观。六群比丘尼也去参观了彩画殿堂。人们便讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼怎么能去参观彩画殿堂呢?简直就像那些在家人和享受欲乐的女人一样!”那些比丘尼们听到了人们的讥嫌、批评和指责。其中那些少欲知足的比丘尼们也讥嫌、批评、指责道:“六群比丘尼怎么能去参观彩画殿堂呢?”然后,比丘尼们将此事告诉了诸比丘。诸比丘又告诉了世尊。世尊问:“诸比丘,听说六群比丘尼真的去参观彩画殿堂了,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能去参观彩画殿堂呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信,也不能让已生信者增长信心;相反地,这只能让未生信者不生信,让已生信者中部分人的信心退失。”呵责之后,他做了开示,然后对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,你们要这样制定这条学处:如果比丘尼为了观看而去参观国王的彩画殿堂或供人娱乐的殿堂,则犯波逸提。”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa uyyāne cittāgāre paṭibhānacittaṃ kataṃ hoti. Bahū manussā cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchanti. Chabbaggiyāpi bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya agamaṃsu. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo cittāgāraṃ dassanāya gacchissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
978若比丘尼去观看王宫、画堂、园林、游园或莲池,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī rājāgāraṃ vā cittāgāraṃ vā ārāmaṃ vā uyyānaṃ vā pokkharaṇiṃ vā dassanāya gaccheyya, pācittiya’’nti.
979“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
这里说的“王宫”,是指任何地方为了国王游乐取乐而建造的场所。
Rājāgāraṃ nāma yattha katthaci rañño kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hoti.
这里说的“画堂”,是指任何地方为了人们游乐取乐而建造的场所。
Cittāgāraṃ nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hoti.
这里说的“园林”,是指任何地方为了人们游乐取乐而建造的场所。
Ārāmo nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kato hoti.
这里说的“游园”,是指任何地方为了人们游乐取乐而建造的场所。
Uyyānaṃ nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ kataṃ hoti.
这里说的“莲池”,是指人们为了游戏娱乐而在任何地方建造的场所。
Pokkharaṇī nāma yattha katthaci manussānaṃ kīḷituṃ ramituṃ katā hoti.
980如果前往观看,犯恶作。如果站在【能看到的地方】观看,犯波逸提。离开观看范围之后,又一再返回观看,犯波逸提。为了观看每一个【节目】而前往,犯恶作。如果站在【能看到的地方】观看,犯波逸提。离开观看范围之后,又一再返回观看,犯波逸提。
Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhitā passati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā punappunaṃ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ekamekaṃ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhitā passati, āpatti pacittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṃ vijahitvā punappunaṃ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
981无犯的情况:站在寺院里看到;或是正在行走或回来时看到;有必须做的事情而去,顺便看到;遇到灾难的时候;精神失常的时候;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ārāme ṭhitā passati, gacchantī vā āgacchantī vā passati, sati karaṇīye gantvā passati, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
982那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,比丘尼们使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床。人们巡行寺院时看到了,就讥讽、批评、抱怨说:“这些比丘尼怎么可以使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床,就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥讽、批评和抱怨。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥讽、批评、抱怨说:“比丘尼们怎么可以使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床呢!”……“诸比丘,听说比丘尼们真的在使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床,这是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以使用高脚座具和带兽形脚的床!这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……那么,诸比丘,你们比丘尼应该这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ . Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo āsandimpi pallaṅkampi paribhuñjissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
983若比丘尼使用高脚床或藤围床(奢华坐卧具),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āsandiṃ vā pallaṅkaṃ vā paribhuñjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
984“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所说的“高脚床”,是指超过规定尺寸的。
Āsandī nāma atikkantappamāṇā vuccati.
所谓“藤围床”,是指以猛兽图案装饰而成的。
Pallaṅko nāma āharimehi vāḷehi kato hoti.
所谓“使用”,是指:如果她坐在其上或卧在其上,就犯波逸提罪。
Paribhuñjeyyāti tasmiṃ abhinisīdati vā abhinipajjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
985无犯的情况是:把椅子的腿砍断后使用;破坏宝座上的兽形装饰后使用;疯癫者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti āsandiyā pāde chinditvā paribhuñjati, pallaṅkassa vāḷe bhinditvā paribhuñjati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
986那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,六群比丘尼在纺线。人们巡行寺院时看见了,就讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能纺线呢?就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评、指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“六群比丘尼怎么能纺线呢?”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的在纺线吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……说:“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能纺线呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵这个学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantanti. Manussā vihāracārikaṃ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo suttaṃ kantissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
987若比丘尼自纺线,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī suttaṃ kanteyya, pācittiya’’nti.
988“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
线有这六种:亚麻线、棉线、丝线、毛线、麻线、大麻线。
Suttaṃ nāma cha suttāni – khomaṃ, kappāsikaṃ, koseyyaṃ, kambalaṃ, sāṇaṃ, bhaṅgaṃ.
所谓“纺”,是指:如果她自己纺,在做的过程中犯恶作罪。每当完成一次来回引线,就犯一个波逸提罪。
Kanteyyāti sayaṃ kantati, payoge dukkaṭaṃ. Ujjavujjave āpatti pācittiyassa.
989无犯的情况是:纺已经纺成的线;她是疯癫者;她是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti kantitasuttaṃ kantati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
990那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,比丘尼们替在家人做事。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、指责、非议道:“比丘尼们怎么能替在家人做事呢?”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的替在家人做事吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能替在家人做事呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karonti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karontīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo gihiveyyāvaccaṃ karissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
991若比丘尼替在家人做杂务劳役,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī gihiveyyāvaccaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
992“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“为在家人服务”,是指为在家人煮粥、做饭、做嚼食,洗衣、洗包头布,犯波逸提。
Gihiveyyāvaccaṃ nāma agārikassa yāguṃ vā bhattaṃ vā khādanīyaṃ vā pacati, sāṭakaṃ vā veṭhanaṃ vā dhovati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
993无犯情况:为准备饮用粥、僧团饮食、塔庙供养;为自己做杂务的人煮粥、做饭、做嚼食,洗衣、洗包头布;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti yāgupāne, saṅghabhatte, cetiyapūjāya, attano veyyāvaccakarassa yāguṃ vā bhattaṃ vā khādanīyaṃ vā pacati, sāṭakaṃ vā veṭhanaṃ vā dhovati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
994那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,某位比丘尼去到偷兰难陀比丘尼那里,对她这样说:“大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧。”偷兰难陀比丘尼答应说“好的”之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力。于是,那位比丘尼就把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、指责、非议道:“偷兰难陀尊者怎么能答应一位比丘尼说:‘大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧’,说了‘好的’之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力呢?”……“诸比丘,是真的吗?偷兰难陀比丘尼对比丘尼说:‘大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧’,答应说‘好的’之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能对比丘尼说:‘大姐,来,请解决这个纷争吧’,答应说‘好的’之后,既不解决,也不为促成解决付出努力呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵习这条学处——”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā bhikkhunī thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā neva vūpasameti na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā bhikkhuniyā – ‘ehāyye’, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’ti vuccamānā – ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā, neva vūpasamessati na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā – ‘‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti vuccamānā – ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā, neva vūpasameti na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā – ‘‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti vuccamānā – ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā, neva vūpasamessati na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
995若比丘尼被(另一)比丘尼请“姊妹,请来平息此诤事”、答应“好”后,无障难却既不平息、也不努力去平息,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī bhikkhuniyā – ‘ehāyye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’ti vuccamānā – ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva vūpasameyya na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
996“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“比丘尼的”,是指另一位比丘尼的。
Bhikkhuniyāti aññāya bhikkhuniyā.
名为四种诤事:争论诤事、指责诤事、罪过诤事、义务诤事。
Adhikaraṇaṃ nāma cattāri adhikaraṇāni – vivādādhikaraṇaṃ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ, āpattādhikaraṇaṃ, kiccādhikaraṇaṃ.
“来吧,圣尼,请判决此诤事。”
Ehāyye imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehīti ehāyye imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vinicchehi.
所谓“她之后没有障碍”,是指在没有障碍的情况下。
Sā pacchā anantarāyikinīti asati antarāye.
“不要自己平息。”
Neva vūpasameyyāti na sayaṃ vūpasameyya.
“不得为平息而尽力,即不得命令他人。” 如果她说:“我既不会平息,也不会为平息而尽力”,就在她放下责任的那一刻,犯波逸提。
Na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ kareyyāti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vūpasamessāmi na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte, āpatti pācittiyassa.
997对已受具足戒者,若持有“已受具足戒”想,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,波逸提罪。对已受具足戒者,有疑惑,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,波逸提罪。对已受具足戒者,持有“未受具足戒”想,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,波逸提罪。
Upasampannāya upasampannasaññā adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya vematikā adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti, na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Upasampannāya anupasampannasaññā adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti, na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对未受具足戒者,对诤事既不自己平息,也不为平息而努力,恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,持有“已受具足戒”想,恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,有疑惑,恶作罪。对未受具足戒者,持有“未受具足戒”想,恶作罪。
Anupasampannāya adhikaraṇaṃ neva vūpasameti, na vūpasamāya ussukkaṃ karoti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya upasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anupasampannāya anupasampannasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
998无犯的情况是:有障碍时,寻找后得不到,为病者,在危难中,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
999那时,佛世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼亲手把嚼食和啖食给舞者、演员、翻筋斗者、哀悼者、耍缸者,并说:“在我的随众面前称赞我吧。”那些舞者、演员、翻筋斗者、哀悼者、耍缸者就在偷兰难陀比丘尼的随众面前称赞道:“圣尼偷兰难陀多闻、善说、聪敏、博学,能做如法开示。供养圣尼吧,为圣尼做事吧。”那些少欲的比丘尼们……生气、非难、指责:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能亲手给在家人嚼食和啖食呢?”……“诸比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的亲手给在家人嚼食和啖食吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛世尊呵责……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能亲手给在家人嚼食和啖食呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应如此诵此学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī naṭānampi naṭakānampi laṅghakānampi sokajjhāyikānampi kumbhathūṇikānampi sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ deti – ‘‘mayhaṃ parisati vaṇṇaṃ bhāsathā’’ti. Naṭāpi naṭakāpi laṅghakāpi sokajjhāyikāpi kumbhathūṇikāpi thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā parisati vaṇṇaṃ bhāsanti – ‘‘ayyā thullanandā bahussutā bhāṇikā visāradā paṭṭā dhammiṃ kathaṃ kātuṃ; detha ayyāya, karotha ayyāyā’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā agārikassa sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ dassatīti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī agārikassa sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ detīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī agārikassa sahatthā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ dassati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1000若比丘尼亲手把硬食、软食给与在家人、普行男外道或普行女外道,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī agārikassa vā paribbājakassa vā paribbājikāya vā sahatthā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā dadeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1001“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“在家人”是指任何住于家宅中的人。
Agāriko nāma yo koci agāraṃ ajjhāvasati.
所谓“男游行外道”,是指除比丘和沙弥之外,任何成为男游行外道者的人。
Paribbājako nāma bhikkhuñca sāmaṇerañca ṭhapetvā yo koci paribbājakasamāpanno.
所谓“女游行者”,是指除比丘尼、在学尼和沙弥尼之外,任何成为女游行者的人。
Paribbājikā nāma bhikkhuniñca sikkhamānañca sāmaṇeriñca ṭhapetvā yā kāci paribbājikasamāpannā.
“嚼食”是指除了五种主食、水和齿木之外的其余食物,都称为嚼食。
Khādanīyaṃ nāma pañca bhojanāni – udakadantaponaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ khādanīyaṃ nāma.
食物有五种:米饭、面粥、炒粉、鱼肉、肉。
Bhojanīyaṃ nāma pañca bhojanāni – odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṃsaṃ.
所谓“给与”,是指她用身体、或身体所系之物、或应舍之物来给,犯波逸提。给净牙用的水和齿木,犯恶作。
Dadeyyāti kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā deti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Udakadantaponaṃ deti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1002无犯:她令人给而不是自己给;放在一边后再给;给外用涂药;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti dāpeti na deti, upanikkhipitvā deti, bāhirālepaṃ deti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1003那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼没有舍掉客堂衣就使用了它。其他月经期的比丘尼们得不到。那些少欲的比丘尼们……批评、抱怨、指责说:"圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能不舍掉客堂衣就使用呢?"……"诸比丘,是真的吗?偷兰难陀比丘尼没有舍掉客堂衣就使用它?""是真的,世尊。"佛陀世尊呵责……"诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能不舍掉客堂衣就使用呢?这不能使未信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjati. Aññā utuniyo bhikkhuniyo na labhanti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjatīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1004若比丘尼未舍(交还)住处公用衣就私自取用,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1005“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
即:为“让月经期的比丘尼们使用”而给予之物。
Āvasathacīvaraṃ nāma ‘‘utuniyo bhikkhuniyo paribhuñjantū’’ti dinnaṃ hoti.
使用两三个晚上后,在第四天清洗,然后不给比丘尼、或学法女、或沙弥尼就使用,犯波逸提。
Anissajjitvā paribhuñjeyyāti dvetisso rattiyo paribhuñjitvā catutthadivase dhovitvā bhikkhuniyā vā sikkhamānāya vā sāmaṇeriyā vā anissajjitvā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1006对于未舍弃的,以为是未舍弃而使用,犯波逸提。对于未舍弃的,有疑惑而使用,犯波逸提。对于未舍弃的,以为是已舍弃而使用,犯波逸提。
Anissajjite anissajjitasaññā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite vematikā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite nissajjitasaññā paribhuñjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对于已舍弃的,以为是未舍弃而使用,犯恶作。对于已舍弃的,有疑惑而使用,犯恶作。对于已舍弃的,以为是已舍弃而使用,无犯。
Nissajjite anissajjitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite nissajjitasaññā anāpatti.
1007无犯的情况是:舍弃之后使用、依新的分配方式使用、没有其他行经的比丘尼时、衣被割截者、衣丢失者、有灾难时、疯狂者、最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti nissajjitvā paribhuñjati, puna pariyāyena paribhuñjati, aññā utuniyo bhikkhuniyo na honti, acchinnacīvarikāya, naṭṭhacīvarikāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1008那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,偷兰难陀比丘尼没有将住处舍弃,就外出游方去了。那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼的住处着火了。比丘尼们这样说:“来吧,圣尼们,我们把物品搬出来吧。”另一些比丘尼这样说:“圣尼们,我们不会搬。之后若有什么丢失的,她会全都怪到我们头上的。” 偷兰难陀比丘尼再次回到那个住处后,问比丘尼们:“圣尼们,你们把物品搬出来了吗?” “圣尼,我们没有搬。” 偷兰难陀比丘尼讥嫌、批评、指责道:“住处着火了,比丘尼们怎么不把物品搬出来呢!” 那些少欲的比丘尼们……讥嫌、批评、指责道:“偷兰难陀圣尼怎么不把住处舍弃,就外出游方去了呢?”……“诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼没有将住处舍弃就外出游方,这是真的吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能不将住处舍弃就外出游方呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkāmi. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā āvasatho ḍayhati. Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘handāyye, bhaṇḍakaṃ nīharāmā’’ti. Ekaccā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ, ayye, nīharissāma. Yaṃ kiñci naṭṭhaṃ sabbaṃ amhe abhiyuñjissatī’’ti. Thullanandā bhikkhunī punadeva taṃ āvasathaṃ paccāgantvā bhikkhuniyo pucchi – ‘‘apāyye, bhaṇḍakaṃ nīharitthā’’ti? ‘‘Na mayaṃ, ayye, nīharimhā’’ti . Thullanandā bhikkhunī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo āvasathe ḍayhamāne bhaṇḍakaṃ na nīharissantī’’ti! Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkamatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkamissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1009若比丘尼未舍(交代)住处就出外游行,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkameyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1010“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“有围墙的”指的是装有门扇的建筑。
Āvasatho nāma kavāṭabaddho vuccati.
“若在未将住处舍弃的情况下”指的是,未将住处交托给比丘尼、学法女或沙弥尼,便跨过有围墙的住处的围墙者,犯波逸提;跨出没有围墙的住处的邻近范围者,犯波逸提。
Anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkameyyāti bhikkhuniyā vā sikkhamānāya vā sāmaṇeriyā vā anissajjitvā parikkhittassa āvasathassa parikkhepaṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa. Aparikkhittassa āvasathassa upacāraṃ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
1011在没有交托的情况下,以为是“没有交托”而脱离,犯波逸提。在没有交托的情况下,心有疑惑而脱离,犯波逸提。在没有交托的情况下,以为是“已交托”而脱离,犯波逸提。
Anissajjite anissajjitasaññā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite vematikā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Anissajjite nissajjitasaññā pakkamati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
在没有设置门闩的情况下,未交托便脱离,犯恶作。在已交托的情况下,以为是“没有交托”,犯恶作。在已交托的情况下,心有疑惑,犯恶作。在已交托的情况下,以为是“已交托”,无犯。
Akavāṭabaddhaṃ anissajjitvā pakkamati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite anissajjitasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nissajjite nissajjitasaññā, anāpatti.
1012无犯的情况:已经交托之后再脱离;有障碍存在;寻找了但找不到;生病时;遭遇危难时;疯狂者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti nissajjitvā pakkamati, sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
1013那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,六群比丘尼在学习畜生咒术。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“比丘尼怎么能学习畜生咒术呢?就像那些在家享受欲乐的女子一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人们的讥嫌、批评、指责。那些少欲的比丘尼……也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“六群比丘尼怎么能学习畜生咒术呢?”……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼真的在学习畜生咒术吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么能学习畜生咒术呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇissanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇissantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇantīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇissanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1014若比丘尼学习世俗杂术(畜生明、邪术),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1015“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“畜生咒术”,是指任何外道、无助于目标的学问。
Tiracchānavijjā nāma yaṃ kiñci bāhirakaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ.
所谓“学习”,是指按句学习,每句都犯波逸提。按音节学习,每个音节都犯波逸提。
Pariyāpuṇeyyāti padena pariyāpuṇāti, pade pade āpatti pācittiyassa. Akkharāya pariyāpuṇāti, akkharakkharāya āpatti pācittiyassa.
1016无犯:比丘尼学习文字、学习背诵、为了守护而学习护卫经,或者她是疯狂者,或者是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti lekhaṃ pariyāpuṇāti, dhāraṇaṃ pariyāpuṇāti, guttatthāya parittaṃ pariyāpuṇāti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1017那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,六群比丘尼教人畜生明。人们讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些比丘尼怎么教人畜生明,就像那些在家享受欲乐的女人一样!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、批评、指责说:“这些六群比丘尼怎么教人畜生明呢?”……(世尊问:)“诸比丘,听说六群比丘尼真的教人畜生明吗?” (诸比丘回答:)“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说:……“诸比丘,六群比丘尼怎么可以教人畜生明呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……那么,诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācenti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācessanti, seyyathāpi gihiniyo kāmabhoginiyo’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyā bhikkhuniyo tiracchānavijjaṃ vācessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1018若比丘尼教授世俗杂术(畜生明),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī tiracchānavijjaṃ vāceyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1019“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“畜生明”指的是:任何与解脱无关的外道学问。
Tiracchānavijjā nāma yaṃ kiñci bāhirakaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ.
所谓“教授”,是指一句一句地教,每说一句,就犯一个波逸提。一个音节一个音节地教,每说一个音节,就犯一个波逸提。
Vāceyyāti padena vāceti, pade pade āpatti pācittiyassa. Akkharāya vāceti, akkharakkharāya āpatti pācittiyassa.
1020无犯:教人文字、教人背诵、为了守护而教人护卫经,若她是疯狂者,若她是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti lekhaṃ vāceti, dhāraṇaṃ vāceti, guttatthāya parittaṃ vāceti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.