8. 童女品·1. 第一学处
4. 波逸提篇(比丘尼分别) · 135 段
8. 童女品
8. Kumārībhūtavaggo
1. 第一学处
1. Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1119那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒。这些受戒的女子忍受不了寒冷、炎热、饥饿、口渴,也忍受不了蚊虫、风吹、日晒、爬虫类的触恼,以及粗恶、不恭敬的言语。对于身体所生起的种种痛苦、剧烈、粗砺、锐利、不舒适、不合意乃至能夺命的感受,她们都无力忍耐。那些少欲的比丘尼们对此不满、批评、指责说:“比丘尼们怎么能为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒呢!”…… “诸比丘,比丘尼们真的为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒了吗?” “是真的,世尊。” 佛陀世尊呵责说:“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒呢!诸比丘,未满二十岁的童女,忍受不了寒冷、炎热……乃至能夺命的感受,都无力忍耐。诸比丘,只有满了二十岁的童女,才能忍受寒冷、炎热……乃至能夺命的感受,具有忍耐力。诸比丘,这样做不能让那些还没生起信心的人生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应该这样诵出这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā akkhamā honti sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ. Uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātikā honti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Ūnavīsativassā, bhikkhave, kumāribhūtā akkhamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa…pe… pāṇaharānaṃ anadhivāsakajātikā hoti. Vīsativassāva kho, bhikkhave, kumāribhūtā khamā hoti sītassa uṇhassa…pe… pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātikā hoti. Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1120若比丘尼为未满二十岁的童女授具足戒,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1121“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“未满二十岁”是指尚未达到二十岁。“所谓童女”是指沙弥尼。所谓“令其受具足戒”是指给予她具足戒。
Ūnavīsativassā nāma appattavīsativassā. Kumāribhūtā nāma sāmaṇerī vuccati. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
当她心想“我要令她受具足戒”的时候,就开始去寻找僧团、或者寻找她的轨范师尼、或者寻找钵、或者寻找袈裟,又或者去确立界场,这时犯了恶作。在提出动议时,犯恶作。在念完两次羯磨语时,都犯恶作。当羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师犯了波逸提。而僧团和她的轨范师尼,犯了恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1122对于未满二十岁的人,作未满二十岁想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对于未满二十岁的人,心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯恶作罪。对于未满二十岁的人,作已满二十岁想而授具足戒,无犯。对于已满二十岁的人,作未满二十岁想,犯恶作罪。对于已满二十岁的人,心存疑惑,犯恶作罪。对于已满二十岁的人,作已满二十岁想,无犯。
Ūnavīsativassāya ūnavīsativassasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ūnavīsativassāya vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnavīsativassāya paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, anāpatti. Paripuṇṇavīsativassāya ūnavīsativassasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paripuṇṇavīsativassāya vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paripuṇṇavīsativassāya paripuṇṇasaññā, anāpatti.
1123无犯的情况是:对未满二十岁的人作已满二十岁想而授具足戒;对已满二十岁的人作已满二十岁想而授具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ūnavīsativassaṃ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ paripuṇṇasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
2. 第二学处
2. Dutiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1124那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园里。就在那个时候,比丘尼们为那些已经年满二十岁、却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没有完成两年六个法上的学习训练之前,就令她们受具足戒。结果,这些女子愚笨无知,无法分辨什么该做、什么不该做。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们对此事感到不满、批评、责备,到处说道:“比丘尼们怎么可以为一个已经年满二十岁却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没完成两年六个法的学习训练之前,就令她们受具足戒呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的会为一个已经年满二十岁却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没完成两年六个法的学习训练之前,就令她们受具足戒吗?”佛陀问。“这是真的,世尊。”诸比丘回答。佛陀世尊呵责了他们……(中略)……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以为一个已经年满二十岁却从未有过同居经验的女子,在她们还没完成两年六个法的学习训练之前,就令她们受具足戒呢!诸比丘,这样做既不能让那些没有信心的人生起信心,也不能让那些已经有了信心的人信心增长……(中略)……”在呵责之后,佛陀进行了如法的开示,然后对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,我允许为一位十八岁、从未有过同居经验的女子,授予为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。那么,诸比丘,应该这样授予:那位十八岁、从未有过同居经验的女子,应当来到僧团前,把上衣搭好露岀一边肩膀,向比丘尼们的双足顶礼,然后蹲下身子,合掌当胸,这样请求:‘尊者们,我叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,今年十八岁,从未有过同居经验。我向僧团请求为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。’这样请求第二遍,再请求第三遍。然后应当由一位聪明、有能力的比丘尼来告知僧团:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana bhikkhave dātabbā. Tāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye , itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1125“‘尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位某某,是某某尊者的弟子,今年十八岁,从未有过同居经验。她正向僧团请求为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。如果僧团觉得是时候了,就请僧团授予某某——这位十八岁、从未有过同居经验的女子——为期两年、在六个法上的学习认可。这是动议。’
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
“诸位圣尼,请听我说。这位是某某圣尼的十八岁未婚女子,她请求僧团给予在六条法上两年受持学处的认可。僧团给予这位十八岁的未婚女子某某在六条法上两年受持学处的认可。哪位圣尼同意给予这位十八岁的未婚女子某某在六条法上两年受持学处的认可,请保持沉默;哪位不同意,请说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā saṅghaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“僧团已给予这位十八岁的未婚女子某某在六条法上两年受持学处的许可。僧团同意这件事,所以保持沉默,我这样记住了。”
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya aṭṭhārasavassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhāsammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
应当这样对那位十八岁的未婚女子说:“我受持离杀生学处,两年内不违犯……(中略)……我受持离非时食学处,两年内不违犯。”
Sā aṭṭhārasavassā kumāribhūtā evaṃ vadehīti vattabbā – ‘‘pāṇātipātā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmi…pe… vikālabhojanā veramaṇiṃ dve vassāni avītikkamma samādānaṃ samādiyāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊用各种方式呵责了那些比丘尼之后,说了关于难养之类的……(省略处),并且又这样说:“诸位比丘,让比丘尼们这样诵持这条学处——
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1126任何比丘尼,若为已满二十岁的未婚女子,于六法未训练满两年,即授具足戒,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1127“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“已满二十岁”是指:她被称为已满二十岁。“童女”是指:她被称为沙弥尼。“两年”是指:两个年头。“在六条法上没有受持学处”是指:学处没有被给予,或者被给予的学处被违犯了。“让……受具足戒”是指:令其受具足戒。
Paripuṇṇavīsativassā nāma pattavīsativassā. Kumāribhūtā nāma sāmaṇerī vuccati. Dve vassānīti dve saṃvaccharāni. Asikkhitasikkhā nāma sikkhā vā na dinnā hoti, dinnā vā sikkhā kupitā. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
心里想着“我要让她受具足戒”,然后去寻找团体、或者亲教师、或者钵、或者袈裟,或者选定结界界,犯恶作。在提出动议时,犯恶作。在两番羯磨语后,犯恶作。在羯磨语结束时,对亲教师而言,犯波逸提;对僧团和轨范师尼而言,犯恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1128对于如法的僧团羯磨,作如法僧团羯磨想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对于如法的僧团羯磨,心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。对于如法的僧团羯磨,作不如法僧团羯磨想而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa . Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
对于不如法的僧团羯磨,以为是如法的僧团羯磨,犯恶作罪。对于不如法的僧团羯磨,心有疑惑,犯恶作罪。对于不如法的僧团羯磨,以为是不如法的僧团羯磨,犯恶作罪。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1129无犯的情况是:为年满二十岁的童贞女、已受持六法学处两年者授予具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
3. 第三学处
3. Tatiyasikkhāpadaṃ
1130那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,比丘尼们为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,在未经僧团认可的情况下授予具足戒。比丘尼们便这样吩咐她们:"来吧,学法女们,知道这个,拿这个来,取那个去,有这个需要,把这个做成如法吧。"那些女子却这样回答:"尊者们,我们不是学法女,我们是比丘尼。"那些少欲的比丘尼们……谴责、非议、呵斥道:"比丘尼们怎么能为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,在未经僧团认可的情况下授予具足戒呢?"……"诸比丘,比丘尼们真的为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,在未经僧团认可的情况下授予具足戒吗?""是真的,世尊。"佛陀世尊呵责了……"诸比丘,比丘尼们怎能这样做!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……"呵责之后……做了如法的开示后,佛陀对诸比丘说:"诸比丘,我允许为年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,举行授具足戒的认可仪式。诸比丘,应当这样举行:那位年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女,要到僧团那里,偏袒上衣,礼拜比丘尼们的双足,然后蹲坐下来,合掌,应当这样说:“尊者们,我名叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,是年满二十岁的童贞女,已受持六法学处两年,请求僧团授予具足戒的认可。”第二次也应当请求,第三次也应当请求。应当由一位聪明能干、有能力的比丘尼向僧团报告:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpenti. Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘etha sikkhamānā, imaṃ jānātha, imaṃ detha, imaṃ āharatha, iminā attho, imaṃ kappiyaṃ karothā’’ti. Tā evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘na mayaṃ, ayye, sikkhamānā; bhikkhuniyo maya’’nti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave , appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇavīsativassā kumāribhūtā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1131尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,年满二十岁,是童贞女,已受持六法学处两年,她请求僧团授予具足戒的认可。如果僧团认为时机适当,就应当为这位名叫某某的童贞女作出授予具足戒的认可——她年满二十岁,已受持六法学处两年。这是动议。
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇavīsativassā kumāribhūtā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
"尊者们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某,是某某尊者的弟子,是年满二十岁的童贞女,已受持六法学处两年,请求僧团授予具足戒的认可。僧团将授予这位名叫某某的年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女具足戒的认可。哪位尊者同意授予这位名叫某某的年满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年的童贞女具足戒的认可,她保持沉默;哪位不同意,她应当说出来。
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā itthannāmāya ayyāya paripuṇṇavīsativassā kumāribhūtā dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
僧团已给予这位女子授具足戒许可——她名叫某某,年满二十岁,为童女,已在六法上学习两年。僧团同意,所以默然。我这样持。
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya paripuṇṇavīsativassāya kumāribhūtāya dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya vuṭṭhānasammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊用各种方式呵责了那些比丘尼之后,说了关于难养之类的……(省略处),并且又这样说:“诸位比丘,让比丘尼们这样诵持这条学处——
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1132任何比丘尼,若为已满二十岁、已受持六法学处两年却未得僧团认可的童女授具足戒,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1133“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“已满二十岁”是指达到二十岁。“童女”是指沙弥尼。“两年”是指两个年头。“已在六法上受学处训练”是指已在六法上学习学处。“未得许可”是指未通过白二羯磨给予授具足戒许可。“令受具足戒”是指令她受具足戒。
Paripuṇṇavīsativassā nāma pattavīsativassā. Kumāribhūtā nāma sāmaṇerī vuccati. Dve vassānīti dve saṃvaccharāni. Sikkhitasikkhā nāma chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā . Asammatā nāma ñattidutiyena kammena vuṭṭhānasammuti na dinnā hoti. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
当她心想“我要令她受具足戒”时,去寻找僧团,或寻找轨范师,或寻找钵,或寻找衣,或划定界场,犯恶作。白时,犯恶作。两次羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提;僧团和轨范师犯恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1134如果对于如法之羯磨,她认为这是如法之羯磨而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。如果对于如法之羯磨,她心存疑惑而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。如果对于如法之羯磨,她认为这是非法之羯磨而授具足戒,犯波逸提罪。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果对于非法之羯磨,她认为这是如法之羯磨,犯恶作罪。如果对于非法之羯磨,她心存疑惑,犯恶作罪。如果对于非法之羯磨,她认为这是非法之羯磨,犯恶作罪。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1135无犯的情况是:为一位年满二十岁、曾是童女、在两整年中于六法上已受学、经僧团认可的[学法女]授具足戒;精神失常者无犯;第一个犯下此行为的人无犯。
Anāpatti paripuṇṇavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūtaṃ dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena sammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
4. 第四学处
4. Catutthasikkhāpadaṃ
1136那时,佛陀世尊正居住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,一些年资不足十二夏的比丘尼也去为人授具足戒。她们自己愚昧无知,不清楚什么合适、什么不合适;她们的共住弟子也同样愚昧无知,不清楚什么合适、什么不合适。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……对此感到不满、批评并指责:“这些年资不足十二夏的比丘尼,怎么可以去为人授具足戒呢?”……[她们将此事报告了世尊。世尊问道:]“诸比丘,比丘尼们真的在年资不足十二夏时就为人授具足戒吗?”“这是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了她们……[说:]“诸比丘,年资不足十二夏的比丘尼,怎么可以去为人授具足戒呢?诸比丘,这不会使尚未生起信心的人生起信心……[正确的做法是:]诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵持这条学处——”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Saddhivihāriniyopi bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1137若比丘尼自身戒腊未满十二年就度人(作亲教尼),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1138“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“未满十二年”,是指出家还没达到十二年的。
Ūnadvādasavassā nāma appattadvādasavassā.
所谓“度人”,是指授予具足戒。
Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
当她心想“我要度她受具足戒”而去寻找众、或寻找老师、或寻找钵、或寻找衣,或者去划定界限时,犯恶作。在白时,犯恶作。在两次羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提。众和老师犯恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1139无犯的情况是:已满十二年的比丘尼度人受具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti paripuṇṇadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
5. 第五学处
5. Pañcamasikkhāpadaṃ
1140那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒。她们愚昧无知,不精通;不知道什么是合适的,什么是不合适的。连她们自己的随学比丘尼也愚昧无知,不精通;不知道什么是合适的,什么是不合适的。那些少欲知足的比丘尼们……她们对此感到不满、非难、指责:“怎么可以这样,这些比丘尼虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒呢!”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒,这是真的吗?”“世尊,这是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,她们怎么可以这样,比丘尼们虽已出家满十二年,却未经僧团许可就去给他人出戒!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……”呵责之后……为诸比丘说法后,佛陀对诸比丘说道:“诸比丘,我允许为已出家满十二年的比丘尼授予出戒许可。诸比丘,应当这样授予:那位已经出家满十二年的比丘尼来到僧团面前,将上衣搭于一肩,向上座比丘尼们顶礼双足,然后蹲踞而坐,合掌当胸,她应如此说:‘尊者们,我,名叫某某的比丘尼,出家已满十二年,向僧团求取出戒许可。’第二次也应这样请求。第三次也应这样请求。那位比丘尼,应当被僧团审查过:‘这位比丘尼是精通的、知耻的。’如果她是愚昧无知且不知耻的,就不应该授予。如果她是愚昧无知但知耻的,也不应该授予。如果她是精通但不知耻的,也不应该授予。如果她既是精通的又是知耻的,才可以授予。诸比丘,应当这样授予:应由一位精通、有能力的比丘尼向僧团提议:”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpenti. Tā bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Saddhivihāriniyopi bālā honti abyattā; na jānanti kappiyaṃ vā akappiyaṃ vā. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… vigarahitvā…pe… dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ dātuṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Tāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā saṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā añjaliṃ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo – ahaṃ, ayye, itthannāmā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācāmī’’ti. Dutiyampi yācitabbā. Tatiyampi yācitabbā. Sā bhikkhunī saṅghena paricchinditabbā – ‘‘byattāyaṃ bhikkhunī lajjinī’’ti. Sace bālā ca hoti alajjinī ca, na dātabbā. Sace bālā hoti lajjinī, na dātabbā. Sace byattā hoti alajjinī, na dātabbā. Sace byattā ca hoti lajjinī ca, dātabbā. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā. Byattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo –
1141“尊者尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼,向僧团请求度人许可。如果僧团时机适当,僧团可以给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼度人许可。这是白。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācati. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ dadeyya. Esā ñatti.
“尊者尼们,请僧团听我说。这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼,向僧团请求度人许可。僧团给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼度人许可。哪位尊者尼同意给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼度人许可,她就沉默;哪位不同意,她就说出来。”
‘‘Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho. Ayaṃ itthannāmā paripuṇṇadvādasavassā bhikkhunī saṅghaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācati. Saṅgho itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ deti. Yassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiyā dānaṃ, sā tuṇhassa; yassā nakkhamati, sā bhāseyya.
“僧团已给予这位名叫某某的已满十二年的比丘尼授具足戒许可。僧团同意,所以保持沉默。我如此受持此事。”
‘‘Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmāya paripuṇṇadvādasavassāya bhikkhuniyā vuṭṭhāpanasammuti. Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’’ti.
那时,世尊用各种方式呵责了那些比丘尼之后,说了关于难养之类的……(省略处),并且又这样说:“诸位比丘,让比丘尼们这样诵持这条学处——
Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1142若比丘尼自身虽已满十二腊、但未经僧团羯磨许可,就度人(作亲教尼),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti .
1143“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓“已满十二年”,是指已经达到十二年的。
Paripuṇṇadvādasavassā nāma pattadvādasavassā.
“未给予”是指未以白二羯磨给予授具足戒许可。若授具足戒。
Asammatā nāma ñattidutiyena kammena vuṭṭhāpanasammuti na dinnā hoti. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
如果心想“我要为她授具足戒”,而去寻找团体、或寻找轨范师尼、或寻找钵、或寻找衣,或划定界场,犯恶作。白时,犯恶作。两次羯磨语时,犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师尼犯波逸提。团体和轨范师尼犯恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1144如果对于如法羯磨,她以为是如法羯磨而度人受具足戒,犯波逸提。如果对于如法羯磨,她心有疑惑而度人受具足戒,犯波逸提。如果对于如法羯磨,她以为是非法羯磨而度人受具足戒,犯波逸提。
Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme vematikā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññā vuṭṭhāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
如果对于非法羯磨,她以为是如法羯磨,犯恶作。如果对于非法羯磨,她心有疑惑,犯恶作。如果对于非法羯磨,她以为是非法羯磨,犯恶作。
Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1145无犯的情况是:已满十二年、经僧团认可者授具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena sammatā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
6. 第六学处
6. Chaṭṭhasikkhāpadaṃ
1146那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,阐陀伽利比丘尼来到比丘尼僧团那里,请求授具足戒许可。于是,比丘尼僧团审查阐陀伽利比丘尼后,对她说:“尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了。”便没有给她授具足戒许可。阐陀伽利比丘尼答应说:“好的。”然而后来,比丘尼僧团给了其他比丘尼授具足戒许可。阐陀伽利比丘尼便对此抱怨、批评、指责说:“看来我确实愚蠢,看来我确实不知羞耻,僧团给其他比丘尼授具足戒许可,却不给我。”那些少欲的比丘尼们……也抱怨、批评、指责说:“阐陀伽利尊尼怎么可以在被告知‘尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了’时,当面答应说‘好的’,事后却又陷入抱怨呢?”……“诸比丘,据说阐陀伽利比丘尼在被说‘尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了’时,答应说‘好的’,事后又陷入抱怨,是真的吗?”他们回答:“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责她:“诸比丘,阐陀伽利比丘尼怎么可以在被告知‘尊者尼,对你来说,被授具足戒的人暂且已经够了’时,答应说‘好的’,事后又陷入抱怨呢!诸比丘,这不能使未信者生信……”……“诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵出这条学处:”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ yācati. Atha kho bhikkhunisaṅgho caṇḍakāḷiṃ bhikkhuniṃ paricchinditvā – ‘‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’’ti, vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ na adāsi. Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇi. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhunisaṅgho aññāsaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ deti. Caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti – ‘‘ahameva nūna bālā, ahameva nūna alajjinī; yaṃ saṅgho aññāsaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ vuṭṭhāpanasammutiṃ deti, mayhameva na detī’’ti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī – ‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’ti vuccamānā ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, ‘caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī alaṃ tāva te ayye vuṭṭhāpitenā’ti vuccamānā ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjatīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī – ‘‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’’ti vuccamānā ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1147若比丘尼被劝“姊妹,你暂且别再度人了”、口头答应“好”后又心怀嫌责,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī – ‘alaṃ tāva te, ayye, vuṭṭhāpitenā’ti vuccamānā ‘sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1148“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
有人对她说:‘圣尼,您授人具足戒这事,已经够了。’她应了声‘好的’,事后却又犯起抱怨的毛病,犯波逸提。
Alaṃ tāva te ayye vuṭṭhāpitenāti alaṃ tāva te, ayye, upasampāditena. ‘Sādhū’ti paṭissuṇitvā pacchā khīyanadhammaṃ āpajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
1149无犯的情况是:一个由于本性,因为贪欲、嗔恚、愚痴、恐惧而做这件事的人被抱怨;她是精神失常者;她是最初的违犯者。
Anāpatti pakatiyā chandā dosā mohā bhayā karontaṃ khiyyati, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
7. 第七学处
7. Sattamasikkhāpadaṃ
1150那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位学法女来到偷兰难陀比丘尼跟前,请求受具足戒。偷兰难陀比丘尼对那学法女说:“圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼。”之后既没有让她成为比丘尼,也没有为让她成为比丘尼作努力。于是,那学法女将这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的比丘尼们……她们讥嫌、指责、批评说:“偷兰难陀圣尼怎么能对学法女说:圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼,之后既不让她成为比丘尼,也不为让她成为比丘尼作努力呢?”……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的对学法女说:圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼,之后既不让她成为比丘尼,也不为让她成为比丘尼作努力吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能对学法女说:圣尼,如果你给我衣服,我就让你成为比丘尼,之后既不让她成为比丘尼,也不为让她成为比丘尼作努力呢?诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵持这学处——”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā sikkhamānā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā upasampadaṃ yāci. Thullanandā bhikkhunī taṃ sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā sikkhamānā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā sikkhamānaṃ – ‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye , cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1151若比丘尼对学法女说“姊妹,你若给我衣,我就度你”,后来无障难却既不度、也不努力使之得度,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi, evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’ti vatvā, sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva vuṭṭhāpeyya na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1152“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
学法女,即于两年中在六法上已学所学。
Sikkhamānā nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā.
“姊妹,你若给我衣,我就度她受具足戒;那样我将令她受具足戒。”
Sace me tvaṃ ayye cīvaraṃ dassasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmīti evāhaṃ taṃ upasampādessāmi.
所谓“她之后没有障碍”,是指在没有障碍的情况下。
Sā pacchā anantarāyikinīti asati antarāye.
“不亲自令她受具足戒。”
Neva vuṭṭhāpeyyāti na sayaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya.
“不得为令受具足戒而努力,也不命令他人。”当放下责任想:“我既不令她受具足戒,也不为她的受具足戒作努力”时,犯波逸提。
Na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyyāti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vuṭṭhāpessāmi na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1153无犯的情况是:有障碍时,寻找后得不到,为病者,在危难中,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
8. 第八学处
8. Aṭṭhamasikkhāpadaṃ
1154那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,有一位学法女去见偷兰难陀比丘尼,向她请求具足戒。偷兰难陀比丘尼对那学法女说:“圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒。”这样说了之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而作任何努力。于是,那位学法女把这件事告诉了比丘尼们。那些少欲的……比丘尼们不满、指责、非难说:“偷兰难陀圣尼怎么可以对学法女说‘圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒’之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而努力呢?”……“诸比丘,是真的吗?偷兰难陀比丘尼对学法女说‘圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒’之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而努力?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以对学法女说‘圣尼,如果你跟随我两年,我就让你受具足戒’之后,既不让她受具足戒,也不为让她受具足戒而努力呢!诸比丘,这不能使未生信者生起信心……诸比丘,比丘尼们应当这样诵此学处——”
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarā sikkhamānā thullanandaṃ bhikkhuniṃ upasaṅkamitvā upasampadaṃ yāci. Thullanandā bhikkhunī taṃ sikkhamānaṃ ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karoti. Atha kho sā sikkhamānā bhikkhunīnaṃ etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā sikkhamānaṃ – sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmīti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ ayye dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpeti na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karotīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti vatvā, neva vuṭṭhāpessati na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1155若比丘尼对学法女说“姊妹,你若随我二年,我就度你”,后来无障难却既不度、也不努力使之得度,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī sikkhamānaṃ – ‘sace maṃ tvaṃ ayye dve vassāni anubandhissasi evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’ti vatvā, sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva vuṭṭhāpeyya na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1156“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
所谓学法女,是指两年中于六法上已学所学者。
Sikkhamānā nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā.
“姊妹,你若随我二年,两年之中你将奉侍。”
Sace maṃ tvaṃ ayye dve vassāni anubandhissasīti dve saṃvaccharāni upaṭṭhahissasi.
所谓“我就度你”,是指我将令你受具足戒。
Evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmīti evāhaṃ taṃ upasampādessāmi.
所谓“她之后没有障碍”,是指在没有障碍的情况下。
Sā pacchā anantarāyikinīti asati antarāye.
不应自己给她授具足。
Neva vuṭṭhāpeyyāti na sayaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya.
也不应指使别人给她授具足。如果想着“我既不自己给她授具足,也不为此费心努力”,只要这么一推卸责任,就犯波逸提。
Na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ kareyyāti na aññaṃ āṇāpeyya. ‘‘Neva vuṭṭhāpessāmi na vuṭṭhāpanāya ussukkaṃ karissāmī’’ti dhuraṃ nikkhittamatte āpatti pācittiyassa.
1157无犯的情况是:有障碍时,寻找后得不到,为病者,在危难中,疯狂者,最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti sati antarāye, pariyesitvā na labhati, gilānāya, āpadāsu, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
9. 第九学处
9. Navamasikkhāpadaṃ
1158那时,佛陀世尊正住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼给一位与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授了具足戒。那些少欲的比丘尼们……(中略)……她们嘲讽、批评、指责说:“圣者偷兰难陀怎么能给这种与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授具足呢?”……(中略)……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼真的给了一个与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授具足吗?”“是的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责了她……(中略)……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能给这样一个与男子厮混、与男孩厮混、暴躁易怒、给人带来痛苦和忧愁、极难相处的学法女授具足呢!诸比丘,这不能让那些没有信心的人产生信心……(中略)……”然后,佛陀世尊为比丘尼们制定了这条学处:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ caṇḍakāḷiṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1159若比丘尼为亲近男子、亲近少年、性情暴躁、带来痛苦忧愁的学法女授具足戒,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī purisasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ kumārakasaṃsaṭṭhaṃ caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1160“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“男子”的意思是已满二十岁的人。“少年”的意思是未满二十岁的人。“所谓厮混”是指与男子通过不合宜的身体、语言行为混在一起。“暴躁易怒”的意思是所说的那种容易发怒。
Puriso nāma pattavīsativasso. Kumārako nāma appattavīsativasso. Saṃsaṭṭhā nāma ananulomikena kāyikavācasikena saṃsaṭṭhā. Caṇḍī nāma kodhanā vuccati.
“带来忧愁”的意思是指给别人制造痛苦,带来忧伤。“所谓学法女,是指两年中于六法上已学所学者”。“授具足”的意思就是给她授具足戒。
Sokāvāsā nāma paresaṃ dukkhaṃ uppādeti, sokaṃ āvisati. Sikkhamānā nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
当她想着“我要为她授具足戒”而去寻找僧团、或轨范师尼、或钵、或衣,或者划定界场时,犯恶作。在白时犯恶作。在两次羯磨语时犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师尼犯波逸提;僧团和轨范师尼犯恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa; gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1161无犯:在她不知情的情况下让她出家;在癫狂者的情况下;在最初犯戒者的情况下。
Anāpatti ajānantī vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
10. 第十学处
10. Dasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1162那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那时,偷兰难陀比丘尼给一位未经父母和丈夫同意的学法女授了具足戒。父母和丈夫都生气、指责、批评说:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能给一个未经我们同意的人授具足戒呢!”比丘尼们听到了那些父母和丈夫的生气、指责和批评。那些少欲的比丘尼们……生气、指责、批评说:“圣尼偷兰难陀怎么能给未经父母和丈夫同意的人授具足戒呢!”……诸比丘,听说偷兰难陀比丘尼真的给了一个未经父母和丈夫同意的学法女授具足戒,是真的吗?“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责说……诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么能给未经父母和丈夫同意的人授具足戒呢!诸比丘,这不能让未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应该这样诵此学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti. Mātāpitaropi sāmikopi ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā amhehi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo mātāpitūnampi sāmikassapi ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī, mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpetīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī mātāpitūhipi sāmikenapi ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1163若比丘尼为父母或丈夫未许可的学法女授具足戒,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī mātāpitūhi vā sāmikena vā ananuññātaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1164“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“父母”是指生育她的人。“丈夫”是指占有她的人。“未征询”是指没有请问过(父母和丈夫)。“学法女”是指两年中在六法上已学所学者。“令受具足戒”是指为她授具足戒。
Mātāpitaro nāma janakā vuccanti. Sāmiko nāma yena pariggahitā hoti. Ananuññātāti anāpucchā. Sikkhamānā nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
当她想着“我要让她出家”而去寻找僧团、或导师、或钵、或衣,或者划定界场时,就犯恶作。在动议时犯恶作。在两轮羯磨语进行中犯两个恶作。羯磨语结束时,亲教师犯波逸提。僧团和导师犯恶作。
Vuṭṭhāpessāmīti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1165无犯:不知情者让她出家;在征得同意后让她出家;在癫狂者的情况下;在最初犯戒者的情况下。
Anāpatti ajānantī vuṭṭhāpeti, apaloketvā vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
11. 第十一学处
11. Ekādasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1166那时,佛陀世尊住在王舍城竹林迦兰陀迦园。当时,偷兰难陀比丘尼心想:“我要为学法女授具足戒。”她召集长老比丘们,见到有大量嚼食和噉食后,便说:“尊者们,我暂时不为学法女授具足戒了。”于是遣走长老比丘们,又召集提婆达多、拘迦利、迦咤莫达迦帝沙、骞荼提毗之子、三牟陀达多,为学法女授具足戒。那些少欲的比丘尼们……责备、批评、讥嫌道:“偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以以给与别住者欲的方式,为学法女授具足戒呢?”……“诸比丘,据说偷兰难陀比丘尼以给与别住者欲的方式,为学法女授具足戒,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,偷兰难陀比丘尼怎么可以以给与别住者欲的方式,为学法女授具足戒呢!这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti there bhikkhū sannipātetvā pahūtaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ passitvā – ‘‘na tāvāhaṃ, ayyā, sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti there bhikkhū uyyojetvā devadattaṃ kokālikaṃ kaṭamodakatissakaṃ khaṇḍadeviyā puttaṃ samuddadattaṃ sannipātetvā sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpesi. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma ayyā thullanandā pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessatī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpetīti ? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, thullanandā bhikkhunī pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpessati! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1167若比丘尼借“别住者授欲(凑足僧数)”的方式度学法女,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1168“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“已过期的临时同意”是指集会已经散去。“学法女”指的是受持六法已满两年的女子。“令受具足戒”指的是为她授具足戒。
Pārivāsikachandadānenāti vuṭṭhitāya parisāya. Sikkhamānā nāma dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhā. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
如果想着“我要为她授具足戒”,而寻找僧团、轨范师、钵或衣,或者划定界场,犯恶作。白羯磨时犯恶作。两次羯磨语时犯恶作。羯磨语结束时,和尚尼犯波逸提。僧团和轨范师犯恶作。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa . Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1169无犯的情况:在僧众尚未散去时为她授具足戒;精神失常者;最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti avuṭṭhitāya parisāya vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
12. 第十二学处
12. Dvādasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1170那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。当时,比丘尼们年年都为人出家,住处容纳不下。人们责备、批评、讥嫌道:“比丘尼们怎么可以年年为人出家,住处都容纳不下呢!”比丘尼们听到了那些人的责备、批评、讥嫌。那些少欲的比丘尼们……对此责备、批评、讥嫌道:“比丘尼们怎么可以年年为人出家呢!”……“诸比丘,据说比丘尼们确实年年为人出家,是真的吗?”“是真的,世尊。”佛陀世尊呵责道……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么可以年年为人出家呢!这不能使未生信者生信……诸比丘,比丘尼们应这样诵这条学处——
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpenti, upassayo na sammati. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti, upassayo na sammatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1171若比丘尼年年(连续)度人,犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1172“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“每年”指的是:每一年。“授具足戒”指的是为其授具足戒。
Anuvassanti anusaṃvaccharaṃ. Vuṭṭhāpeyyāti upasampādeyya.
当她说“我将授其具足戒”时,如果她去团体、为老师、为钵、为衣而奔走,或者去划定界场,犯恶作罪。在动议时,犯恶作罪。在两次羯磨语时,犯恶作罪。在羯磨语结束时,她的亲教师尼犯波逸提罪。而团体和老师,犯恶作罪。
‘‘Vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1173无犯的情况是:她隔一年度一人受具足戒;她是精神失常者;她是最初犯戒者。
Anāpatti ekantarikaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.
13. 第十三学处
13. Terasamasikkhāpadaṃ
1174那时,佛陀世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。就在那个时候,比丘尼们在一年之中度两个人受具足戒。住所因此变得和以前一样不够用。人们也因此讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么能在一年之中度两个人受具足戒呢!住所变得和以前一样不够用了!”那些比丘尼们听到了这些人的讥嫌、批评和指责。那些少欲的比丘尼们……也讥嫌、批评、指责道:“比丘尼们怎么能在一年之中度两个人受具足戒呢!”……“诸比丘,据说比丘尼们真的在一年之中度两个人受具足戒,这是真的吗?”“世尊,是真的。”佛陀世尊呵责了她们……“诸比丘,比丘尼们怎么能一年之中度两个人受具足戒呢!诸比丘,这不能让没有信心的人产生信心……诸比丘,你们应当这样诵出这条学处:
Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpenti. Upassayo tatheva na sammati. Manussā tatheva ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpessanti! Upassayo tatheva na sammatī’’ti! Assosuṃ kho bhikkhuniyo tesaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyantānaṃ khiyyantānaṃ vipācentānaṃ. Yā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā…pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘‘kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpessantī’’ti…pe… saccaṃ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpentīti? ‘‘Saccaṃ, bhagavā’’ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe… kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpessanti! Netaṃ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddisantu –
1175若比丘尼一年度二人(同年度二弟子),犯波逸提。
‘‘Yā pana bhikkhunī ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpeyya, pācittiya’’nti.
1176“凡……者”,是指凡是这样的、如此这般的……(中略)……“比丘尼”,是指……(中略)……此处所指的,正是这个意义上的比丘尼。
Yā panāti yā yādisā…pe… bhikkhunīti…pe… ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
“一年”是指一个整年。“两人”是指应给两人授具足戒。
Ekaṃ vassanti ekaṃ saṃvaccharaṃ. Dve vuṭṭhāpeyyāti dve upasampādeyya.
心想“我要为两人授具足戒”,于是寻找僧团或轨范师,或者寻找钵、衣,或划定界场,犯恶作;白羯磨时犯恶作;两次羯磨语时犯恶作;羯磨语结束时,和尚尼犯波逸提,而僧团和轨范师犯恶作。
‘‘Dve vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti gaṇaṃ vā ācariniṃ vā pattaṃ vā cīvaraṃ vā pariyesati, sīmaṃ vā sammannati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṃ. Dvīhi kammavācāhi dukkaṭā. Kammavācāpariyosāne upajjhāyāya āpatti pācittiyassa. Gaṇassa ca ācariniyā ca āpatti dukkaṭassa.
1177无犯:轮流地一次度一人出家;精神失常者;最初的犯戒者。
Anāpatti ekantarikaṃ ekaṃ vuṭṭhāpeti, ummattikāya, ādikammikāyāti.