33. 关于贫穷女人的故事,这是渐次说法。
33. Kapaṇāya vatthumhi ayamānupubbīkathā
大塞那品解释 · 63 段
世尊般涅槃后,在赡部洲,各地的比丘、比丘尼和男居士、女居士大多都前往大菩提处礼敬,说:“我们要去礼敬大菩提。”后来,许多比丘聚在一起,为了礼敬大菩提而出发。他们在一个村子里托钵乞食后,走进休息堂,吃完饭,稍微休息了一下。那时,那里有一个贫穷可怜的女人,看见比丘们坐在那里,就走上前去,以五体投地的方式行礼,然后站在一边,问道:“尊者,你们要去哪里?”比丘们听了,就对她讲起大菩提的威德,以及自己是为了礼敬大菩提而前往,这样说道:
Bhagavati parinibbute jambudīpe tattha tattha bhikkhubhikkhuṇiyo ca upāsakaupāsikāyo ca jayamahābodhiṃ vandissāmīti yebhuyyena gantvā vandanti. Athā parabhāge bahū bhikkhū saṅgamma mahābodhiṃ vandanatthāya gacchantā aññatarasmiṃ gāmake bhikkhāya caritvā āsanasālaṃ gantvā katabhattakiccā thokaṃ vissamiṃsu, tadā tattha ekā kapaṇā duggatitthī tathā nisinnabhikkhū disvā upasaṅkamitvā pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā ekamante ṭhitā ayyā kuhiṃ gacchantīti pucchi. Bhikkhū taṃ sutvā jayamahābodhissa ānubhāvañca taṃ vandanatthāya attānaṃ gamanañca kathentā evamāhaṃsu.
世尊坐在那里,战胜了带着魔军的魔罗。
摧毁了烦恼这支大军,佛陀就成了无可超越的觉者。
Yatthāsīno jino jesi, sasenaṃ makaraddhajaṃ; Hantvā kilesasenañca, buddho āsi niruttaro.
大雄曾供养彼,伫立不动双足;
七日七夜以眼,如青莲华光色。
Yaṃ pūjesi mahāvīro, ṭhito pada makopayaṃ; Sattarattindivaṃ netta, nīlanīrajaraṃsinā.
于天、阿修罗、人等众中,彼光耀;
青碧为翎,眼斑成行,如孔雀开屏。
Surāsuranarādīnaṃ, nettāli pāḷipātanā; Mecakākārapattehi, sikhaṇḍīviya bhāti yo.
犹如如意树立于大地,为诸众生施与所愿;
于此今生及于后世,恒赐所求悉令满足。
Surapādapova sattānaṃ, yaṃ tiṭṭhati mahītale; Iha loke paratte ca, dadanto icchiticchitaṃ.
若人于此,供养已落之旧叶;
大树则施彼世间之受用与享乐。
Yassa purāṇapaṇṇampi, patitaṃ yo naro idha; Pūjeti tassa so deti, bhavabhogaṃ mahīruho.
如果有人总是用香、花和净水来恭敬供养他,
他内外都能摧毁恶行。
Gandhamālehi salilehi, yamupāsati sadā naro; Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, duritaṃ so nihaññati.
谁给出现世的利益,
谁在给出来世的利益,
圆满成就之胜菩提,
女士啊,我等今往礼敬。
Yo deti ihalokatthaṃ, Yo deti pāralokikaṃ, Sampadaṃ jayabodhiṃtaṃ, Bhoti gacchāma vandituṃ.
她听了那番话,满心欢喜,生起愉悦,对诸比丘说:尊者,我在别人家里当雇工干活,日子过得又苦又难。明天我连一竹筒米都没有,更别说别的财物了;除了这块布,我连另一块布也没有。为什么这样呢?因为过去没修过福。所以,尊者,请你们为了照顾我,把这块布系在菩提树上当旗帜吧。她这样请求之后,把布洗干净,交给了那些比丘。比丘们为了照顾她,接过布就上路了。她布施了布之后,心里充满喜悦和欢欣,回到家里,就在当天夜里中夜时分,被刀风所伤而命终,转生为那些比丘行路途中一片可爱林子里的一位地居天女。这时,凭借她的福德之力,在三由旬的范围内出现了天界的如意树,到处悬挂着种种不同颜色的旗帜和幡带。天子和天女们全都佩戴着各种装饰,同样拿着旗帜幡带等物嬉戏玩乐,奏起歌舞音乐等各种奇妙景象。第二天,那些比丘前往菩提道场,傍晚到了那个地方,心想:今天就在这片林子里住一夜再走。于是就在那里住下。到了夜里,他们看见种种颜色的旗帜、天女们所奏的歌舞音乐,以及三由旬内的如意树,这一切天界的富贵景象都是因她的福德而出现的,心里非常惊奇,便招呼一位天女问道:你是造了什么业才生到这里的?她向比丘们顶礼,合掌站立,说:尊者,你们不认识我了吗?比丘们说:姊妹,我们认不出你。于是她讲起自己的来历,这样说道。
Taṃ sutvā udaggā somanassajātā bhikkhūnaṃ evamāha. Ahaṃ bhante parakule bhatiyā kammaṃ karontī dukkhena kasirena jīvikaṃ kappemi. Svātanāya me taṇḍulanālipi natthi, pageva aññaṃ dhanaṃ, imaṃ vinā aññaṃ sāṭakampi natthi, kasmā pubbe akatapuññattā, tasmā imaṃ bhante sāṭakaṃ mamānuggahāya bodhimhi dhajaṃ bandhathāti yācitvā sāṭakaṃ dhovitvā tesaṃ adāsi. Bhikkhūpi tassānuggahāya taṃ gahetvā agamaṃsu. Sā sāṭakaṃ datvā pītipāmojjamānasā gehaṃ gantvā tadaheva rattiyā majjhimayāme satthakavātena upahatā kālaṃ katvā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ gamanamagge ekasmiṃ ramaṇīye vanasaṇḍe bhummadevatā hutvā nibbattī, athassā puññānubhāvena tiyojanike ṭhāne dibbakapparukkhā pāturahaṃsu, tatta tatta nānāvirāgadhajapatākā olambanti. Devaputtā ca devadhītaro ca sabbābharaṇavibhūsitā tatheva dhajapatākādayo gahetvā kīḷanti. Naccagītādinekāni acchariyāni payojenti. Atha dutiyadivase tepi bhikkhū bodhimaṇḍalaṃ gacchantā sāyaṇhe taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā ajja imasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe vasitvā gamissāmāti tattha vāsaṃ upagamiṃsu, tato te rattibhāge nānāvaṇṇadhaje ca devatāhi payojiyamānā gītavāditādayo ca tiyojanaṭṭhāne kapparukkhāni ca idaṃ sabbaṃ devissariyaṃ tassānubhāvena nibbattabhāvaṃ disvā vimhitamānasā devadhītaraṃ āmantetvā tvaṃ kena kammena idha nibbattāti pucchiṃsu. Sā bhikkhū vanditvā añjaliṃ paggayha ṭhitā bhante maṃ na sañjānitthāti āha. Bhikkhūhi na mayaṃ sañjānāma bhaginīti vutte sā attano sabhāvaṃ kathentī evamāha.
昨天,你们聚集坐在禅堂里;
那个穷女人来到你们跟前,向你们行礼。
Hīyyo āsanasālāya, nisīdittha samāgatā; Tumhakaṃ santikaṃ gamma, yā varākībhivādayi.
我曾为供菩提,备施衣;
昨日我已死,夜里为病所逼。
Yā bodhiṃ pūjanatthāya, vatthakaṃ paṭipādayi; Sāhaṃ hīyyo cutā āsiṃ, rattiyaṃ byādhipīḷitā.
与种种圆满相应,以种种装饰庄严;
我出生在这座遍布珍宝的宫殿里,在这片园林中。
Nānāsampattisaṃyuttā, nānābhūsanabhūsitā; Vimāne ratanā kiṇṇe, jātāhaṃ ettha kānane.
昨天你们看见我的身体,沾满了尘土和泥垢;
今天你们看我的身体,容色光洁,明亮闪耀。
Hīyyo passittha me gattaṃ, rajojallehi saṃkulaṃ; Ajja passatha me gattaṃ, vaṇṇavantaṃ pabhassaraṃ.
尊者,昨天您看见我穿着肮脏的衣服。
尊者,今天请您看看我这件最殊胜的天衣。
Hīyyo passittha me bhante, nivatthaṃ malinambaraṃ; Ajja passatha me bhante, dibbamambaramuttamaṃ.
头发稀疏零落,发梢散乱分叉,稀疏凌乱。
昨天,我这头曾是满是虱子粪秽、令人厌恶作呕的。
Vikiṇṇaphalitaggehi , kesehi viralā kulaṃ; Ūkāgūthapaṭikkūlaṃ, hīyyo āsisiraṃ mama.
今天,凭着我的福德之力,把那转变过来了;
深蓝柔软的发髻,用鲜花装饰得华美。
Ajja taṃ parivattitvā, mama puññānubhāvato; Sunīlamududhammillaṃ, kusumā bharaṇabhūsitaṃ.
往昔我以头顶驮运木柴、水等物;
今以福德,我头顶擎起花鬘之担。
Purā me sakasīsena, vahitaṃ dārū dakādikaṃ; Puññenāhaṃ ajja mālā, bhāraṃ sīse samubbahe.
昨天,我为了做旗子,布施了一件粗布衣。
尊敬的诸位,今天我拥有了广大的天界福报。
Dhajatthāya mayā hīyyo, padinnaṃ thūlasāṭakaṃ; Ajja nibbatti me bhonto, mahantaṃ dibbasampadaṃ.
明白的人应该去做布施等能带来大果报的事。
在天界和人间,能带来快乐的布施是最上等的。
Jānamānena kattabbaṃ, dānādīsu mahapphalaṃ; Devaloke manussesu, sukhadaṃ dāna muttamanti.
比丘们听了这话,全都生起惊奇稀有的心。那位天神在那夜过后,邀请比丘们,亲手用天界的美味食物让他们吃饱,然后和他们一起上路。途中她一边布施,一边来到大菩提树,用种种幢幡、灯烛,以及各种颜色、香气俱全的鲜花、灯和熏香等供养菩提树,又布施天界的衣物给比丘们做袈裟。她回来后,就住在那片树林里,做了种种善行,死后投生到三十三天。比丘们也到处宣扬这件稀奇的事,引导许多人投入行善积德。
Taṃ sutvā sabbe bhikkhū acchariyabbhutacittā ahesuṃ. Sā devatā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū nimantetvā dibbehi khajjabhojjehi sahatthā santappetvā tehi saddhiṃ āgacchantī antarāmagge dānaṃ dadamānā mahābodhiṃ gantvā sabbehi dhajapatākā dīhi ca nānāvidhavaṇṇagandhasampannapupphehi ca dīpadhūpehi ca bodhiṃ pūjetvā bhikkhūnaṃ cīvaratthāya dibbavatthāni datvā āgamma tasmiṃyeva vanasaṇḍe vasantī nānāvidhāni puññāni katvā tāvatiṃsabhavane nibbatti. Bhikkhūpi taṃ acchariyaṃ tattha tattha pakāsentā bahūjane puññakamme niyojesuṃti.
纵此可怜之众,于胜者教法之中,
以粗弊布衣生起净信。
知道恭敬供养后获得了天界的殊胜福报之后,
你们要正确地成为以恭敬三种事为本的人。
Evaṃ vidhāpi kapaṇā jinasāsanamhi, Katvā pasāda matha thūlakucelakena; Pūjetva dibbavibhavaṃ alabhīti ñatvā, Pūjāparā bhavatha vatthusu tīsu sammāti.