192“诸比丘,正如一切以四种威仪活动的众生——有时行走、有时站立、有时坐下、有时躺卧——全都依于大地、立足于大地,才能展现这四种威仪;同样地,诸比丘,比丘依于戒、立足于戒,修习七觉支,多修七觉支。
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ye keci pāṇā cattāro iriyāpathe kappenti – kālena gamanaṃ, kālena ṭhānaṃ, kālena nisajjaṃ, kālena seyyaṃ, sabbe te pathaviṃ nissāya pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhāya evamete cattāro iriyāpathe kappenti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti.
“诸比丘,比丘如何依于戒、立足于戒,修习七觉支,多修七觉支呢?诸比丘,于此,比丘修习念觉支,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍遣……(中略)……修习舍觉支,依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍遣。诸比丘,比丘正是这样依于戒、立足于戒,修习七觉支,多修七觉支的。”第一经。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlaṃ nissāya sīle patiṭṭhāya satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2. 日喻经(初)
2. Paṭhamasūriyūpamasuttaṃ
193“诸比丘,正如日出之前,其先导与先兆是曙光;同样地,诸比丘,对于一位比丘,七觉支生起的先导与先兆,便是善友。诸比丘,可以预见:有善友的比丘,必将修习七觉支,必将多修七觉支。
‘‘Sūriyassa, bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – kalyāṇamittatā. Kalyāṇamittassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati.
“诸比丘,有善友的比丘如何修习、多修七觉支呢?诸比丘,于此,比丘依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍断,修习念觉支……依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、转向舍断,修习舍觉支。诸比丘,有善友的比丘,便是如此修习、多修七觉支。
”第二经。
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
3. 第二日喻经
3. Dutiyasūriyūpamasuttaṃ
194“诸比丘,正如日出之前,曙光为其前导、为其前兆;同样地,诸比丘,对于一位比丘七觉支的生起,如理作意就是其前导、就是其前兆。诸比丘,一位具足如理作意的比丘,可预期他必将修习七觉支,必将多修习七觉支。
‘‘Sūriyassa , bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ uppādāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – yonisomanasikāro. Yonisomanasikārasampannassetaṃ, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – satta bojjhaṅge bhāvessati, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarissati.
“诸比丘,一位具足如理作意的比丘,如何修习七觉支、多修习七觉支呢?诸比丘,这位比丘依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、朝向舍离,修习念觉支……依止远离、依止离贪、依止灭、朝向舍离,修习舍觉支。诸比丘,具足如理作意的比丘,便是这样修习七觉支、多修习七觉支的。”第三经。
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkaroti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yonisomanasikārasampanno satta bojjhaṅge bhāveti, satta bojjhaṅge bahulīkarotī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. 第一病经
4. Paṭhamagilānasuttaṃ
195一时,世尊住在王舍城迦兰陀竹园。那时,尊者大迦叶正住在毕波罗窟,身患重病,苦痛交煎,病势沉重。傍晚时分,世尊从独处禅坐中起座,前往尊者大迦叶处。到达后,在已敷设的座位上坐下。坐定之后,世尊对尊者大迦叶说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahākassapo pippaliguhāyaṃ viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca –
“迦叶,你还能安忍吗?还能支撑吗?你的苦受是否在消退,未再增长?消退之象是否可见,而非增长?”“尊者,我无法安忍,难以支撑。我的苦受剧烈,正在增长,未见消退;只见增长之象,不见消退。”
‘‘Kacci te, kassapa, khamanīyaṃ kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti.
“迦叶,这七觉支我已善巧开示,修习、多修习,能导向证智、正觉与涅槃。哪七种呢?迦叶,念觉支我已善巧开示,修习、多修习,能导向证智、正觉与涅槃……(中略)……迦叶,舍觉支我已善巧开示,修习、多修习,能导向证智、正觉与涅槃。迦叶,这七觉支我已善巧开示,修习、多修习,能导向证智、正觉与涅槃。” “世尊,的确是觉支;善逝,的确是觉支。”
‘‘Sattime, kassapa, bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, kassapa, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, kassapa, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, kassapa, satta bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Taggha, bhagavā, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, sugata, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
世尊如此说。大迦叶尊者心满意足,欢喜信受世尊的教导。大迦叶尊者便从那次疾病中痊愈,大迦叶尊者的病即得永断。第四经。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Vuṭṭhahi cāyasmā mahākassapo tamhā ābādhā. Tathāpahīno cāyasmato mahākassapassa so ābādho ahosīti. Catutthaṃ.
5. 第二病经
5. Dutiyagilānasuttaṃ
196一时,世尊住在王舍城竹林中的栗鼠庇护所。那时,尊者大目犍连住在灵鹫山,身患疾病,痛苦不堪,重病缠身。傍晚时分,世尊从静坐中出,前往尊者大目犍连处;到了之后,在敷好的座位上坐下。坐下后,世尊对尊者大目犍连这样说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahāmoggallāno gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharati ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca –
“目犍连,你是否还能堪忍?是否还能维持?痛苦的感受是在消退,而非加重吗?其消退是否明显可见,而非加重之象?”“尊者,我无法堪忍,无法维持。剧烈的痛苦感受正在加重,没有消退;只见加重,不见消退。”
‘‘Kacci te, moggallāna, khamanīyaṃ kacci yāpanīyaṃ? Kacci dukkhā vedanā paṭikkamanti, no abhikkamanti; paṭikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no abhikkamo’’ti? ‘‘Na me, bhante, khamanīyaṃ, na yāpanīyaṃ. Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamanti; abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati, no paṭikkamo’’ti.
“目犍连,这七觉支我已善巧宣说,若修习、多修习,便能引生证智、正觉与涅槃。是哪七个呢?念觉支,目犍连,我已善巧宣说,若修习、多修习,便能引生证智、正觉与涅槃……(中略)……舍觉支,目犍连,我已善巧宣说,若修习、多修习,便能引生证智、正觉与涅槃。目犍连,这七觉支我已善巧宣说,若修习、多修习,便能引生证智、正觉与涅槃。”“世尊,确实是觉支!善逝,确实是觉支!”
‘‘Sattime, moggallāna, bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, moggallāna, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, moggallāna, mayā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, moggallāna, satta bojjhaṅgā mayā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Taggha , bhagavā, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, sugata, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
世尊说了这些话。大目犍连尊者满心欢喜,随喜世尊的教导。大目犍连尊者从那场疾病中痊愈。就这样,大目犍连尊者的病被彻底断除。第五经。
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi. Vuṭṭhahi cāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tamhā ābādhā. Tathāpahīno cāyasmato mahāmoggallānassa so ābādho ahosīti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. 第三病经
6. Tatiyagilānasuttaṃ
197一时,世尊住在王舍城迦兰陀竹园。那时,世尊患病,痛苦,病势沉重。当时,大准陀尊者来到世尊面前,顶礼世尊,在一旁坐下。世尊对坐在一旁的大准陀尊者说:“准陀,请你宣说觉支。”
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho āyasmā mahācundo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahācundaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘paṭibhantu taṃ, cunda, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
“尊者,世尊善为开示的这七觉支,若修习、多修习,则能导向证智、正觉、涅槃。哪七者?尊者,念觉支——由世尊善为开示,修习多修习,能导向证智、正觉、涅槃……(中略)……舍觉支——尊者,由世尊善为开示,修习多修习,能导向证智、正觉、涅槃。尊者,正是这七觉支,由世尊善为开示,修习多修习,能导向证智、正觉、涅槃。”“确实如此,准陀,这些是觉支;确实如此,准陀,这些是觉支。”
‘‘Sattime, bhante, bojjhaṅgā bhagavatā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo kho, bhante, bhagavatā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo kho, bhante, bhagavatā sammadakkhāto bhāvito bahulīkato abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Ime kho, bhante, satta bojjhaṅgā bhagavatā sammadakkhātā bhāvitā bahulīkatā abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Taggha , cunda, bojjhaṅgā; taggha, cunda, bojjhaṅgā’’ti.
尊者准陀说了这番话,导师认可了。而世尊便从那次疾病中康复。世尊的那场病也就这样被断除,不复生起。第六经。
Idamavocāyasmā cundo. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Vuṭṭhahi ca bhagavā tamhā ābādhā. Tathāpahīno ca bhagavato so ābādho ahosīti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. 到彼岸经
7. Pāraṅgamasuttaṃ
198“诸比丘,此七觉支修习、多修习,则能从此岸趣向彼岸。哪七者?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比丘,此七觉支修习、多修习,则能从此岸趣向彼岸。”
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā apārā pāraṃ gamanāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā apārā pāraṃ gamanāya saṃvattantī’’ti.
“于人之中,能至彼岸者,甚为稀少;
其余众生,则唯循此岸而奔走。
“而那些在善说之法中,依法修行的人;
他们将抵达彼岸,度越极难度越的死魔疆域。
“智者舍弃不善法后,应当修习善法;
由家趋入无家,在远离中,那实难达至。
“应于彼处希求喜乐,舍离诸欲,成为无所有者;
智者应当从心的烦恼中净化自己。
“那些于诸觉支中,心善修习者,
舍弃执取,于无执取而喜乐者;
诸漏已尽、具光辉者,他们于世间般涅槃。第七经。
‘‘Appakā te manussesu, ye janā pāragāmino; Athāyaṃ itarā pajā, tīramevānudhāvati. ‘‘Ye ca kho sammadakkhāte, dhamme dhammānuvattino; Te janā pāramessanti, maccudheyyaṃ suduttaraṃ. ‘‘Kaṇhaṃ dhammaṃ vippahāya, sukkaṃ bhāvetha paṇḍito; Okā anokamāgamma, viveke yattha dūramaṃ. ‘‘Tatrābhiratimiccheyya , hitvā kāme akiñcano; Pariyodapeyya attānaṃ, cittaklesehi paṇḍito. ‘‘Yesaṃ sambodhiyaṅgesu, sammā cittaṃ subhāvitaṃ; Ādānappaṭinissagge, anupādāya ye ratā; Khīṇāsavā jutimanto, te loke parinibbutā’’ti. sattamaṃ;
8. 错失经
8. Viraddhasuttaṃ
199“诸比丘,任何人如果失离了这七觉支,便是失离了导向苦完全灭尽的圣道。诸比丘,任何人如果获得了这七觉支,便是获得了导向苦完全灭尽的圣道。是哪七个呢?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比丘,任何人如果失离了这七觉支,便是失离了导向苦完全灭尽的圣道;任何人如果获得了这七觉支,便是获得了导向苦完全灭尽的圣道。”第八经。
‘‘Yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā viraddhā, viraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī. Yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā āraddhā, āraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, ime satta bojjhaṅgā viraddhā, viraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī. Yesaṃ kesañci, bhikkhave, ime satta bojjhaṅgā āraddhā, āraddho tesaṃ ariyo maggo sammā dukkhakkhayagāmī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
200“诸比丘,这七觉支修习、多修习之后,便是圣的、导向出离的,能令修行者正确地趣入苦的灭尽。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比丘,这七觉支修习、多修习之后,是圣的、导向出离的,能令修行者正确地趣入苦的灭尽。”第九经。
‘‘Sattime, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ariyā niyyānikā nīyanti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ariyā niyyānikā nīyanti takkarassa sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
10. 厌离经
10. Nibbidāsuttaṃ
201“诸比丘,这七觉支修习、多修习之后,唯一导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。哪七个?念觉支……(中略)……舍觉支。诸比丘,这七觉支修习、多修习之后,唯一导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂止、证智、正觉、涅槃。”第十经。
‘‘Sattime , bhikkhave, bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti. Katame satta? Satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo – ime kho, bhikkhave, satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvitā bahulīkatā ekantanibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
“众生、日喻二经,病者另外三经;”
到彼岸者、退失者、圣者、为厌离者。
Pāṇā sūriyūpamā dve, gilānā apare tayo; Pāraṅgāmī viraddho ca, ariyo nibbidāya cāti.