9. 神足分别
9. Iddhipādavibhaṅgo
全篇 87 段
一、经分别
1. Suttantabhājanīyaṃ
431四神足——于此，比丘修习具足欲定勤行的神足，修习具足精进定勤行的神足，修习具足心定勤行的神足，修习具足观定勤行的神足。
Cattāro iddhipādā – idha bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti, vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti.
1. 欲神足
1. Chandiddhipādo
432比丘如何修习具足欲定勤行成就之神足？比丘若以欲为增上而获得定，获得心一境性——此称为“欲定”。他为了未生起的恶不善法不生起而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤；为了已生起的恶不善法断除而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤；为了未生起的善法生起而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤；为了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤。这些称为“勤行”。如此，此欲定与这些勤行，将它们合并、结合在一起，即称为“欲定勤行”。
Kathañca bhikkhu chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti? Chandaṃ ce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ, labhati cittassekaggataṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chandasamādhi’’. So anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ime vuccanti ‘‘padhānasaṅkhārā’’. Iti ayañca chandasamādhi, ime ca padhānasaṅkhārā. Tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññahitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
433于此，什么是欲？凡是欲、欲求、想要做、善法欲——此称为“欲”。
Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’.
于此，什么是定？凡是心的住立、确立、安住、不散乱、不散动、不动摇心性、寂止、定根、定力、正定——此称为“定”。
Tattha katamo samādhi? Yā cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṃ samādhibalaṃ sammāsamādhi – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samādhi’’.
于此，什么是勤行？凡是心的精进发起、努力、勇猛、勤奋、努力、奋发、奋勉、力、坚固、不松懈勇猛、不舍弃欲、不放下重担、荷担重担、精进、精进根、精进力、正精进——此称为“勤行”。如此，以此欲、以此定、以此勤行而具备、完全具备、到达、完全到达、具有、成就、具足。因此说“具足欲定勤行成就”。
Tattha katamo padhānasaṅkhāro? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho nikkamo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo ṭhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittachandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggāho vīriyaṃ vīriyindriyaṃ vīriyabalaṃ sammāvāyāmo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānasaṅkhāro’’. Iti iminā ca chandena, iminā ca samādhinā, iminā ca padhānasaṅkhārena upeto hoti samupeto upāgato samupāgato upapanno sampanno samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgato’’ti.
434成就：凡是那些法的成就、圆满成就、成功、圆满成功、获得、获得成就、达到、达成、触证、作证、证得。
Iddhīti. Yā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ iddhi samiddhi ijjhanā samijjhanā lābho paṭilābho patti sampatti phusanā sacchikiriyā upasampadā.
“神足”：如此成就者的受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴。
‘‘Iddhipādo’’ti. Tathābhūtassa vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakkhandho.
修习神足：他亲近、修习、多作那些法。因此说“修习神足”。
‘‘Iddhipādaṃ bhāvetī’’ti. Te dhamme āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘iddhipādaṃ bhāvetī’’ti.
2. 精进神足
2. Vīriyiddhipādo
435比丘如何修习具备精进定勤行成就的神足？比丘以精进为主而获得定、获得心一境性——这称为“精进定”。他为了未生起的恶不善法不生起而生起欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、勤奋；为了已生起的恶不善法断除……（中略）……为了未生起的善法生起……（中略）……为了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生起欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、勤奋。这些称为“勤行”。如此，这精进定和这些勤行；将它们合并、结合在一起，即被算作精进定勤行。
Kathañca bhikkhu vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti? Vīriyaṃ ce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ labhati cittassekaggataṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyasamādhi’’. So anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya…pe… anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya…pe… uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ime vuccanti ‘‘padhānasaṅkhārā’’. Iti ayañca vīriyasamādhi, ime ca padhānasaṅkhārā; tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
436其中，什么是精进？凡是心的精进发起……（中略）……正精进——这称为“精进”。
Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’.
其中，什么是定？凡是心的住立、安住、确立、不流散、不散乱、不流散心性、寂止、定根、定力、正定——这称为“定”。
Tattha katamo samādhi? Yā cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṃ samādhibalaṃ sammāsamādhi – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samādhi’’.
其中，什么是勤行？凡是心的精进发起……（中略）……正精进——这称为“勤行”。如此，他具备这精进、这定、这勤行……（中略）……具足。因此说“具足精进、定、勤行”。
Tattha katamo padhānasaṅkhāro? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānasaṅkhāro’’. Iti iminā ca vīriyena, iminā ca samādhinā, iminā ca padhānasaṅkhārena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgato’’ti.
437成就：凡是那些法的成就、圆满成就、成功、圆满成功、获得、取得、到达、达成、触证、作证、证得。
Iddhīti. Yā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ iddhi samiddhi ijjhanā samijjhanā lābho paṭilābho patti sampatti phusanā sacchikiriyā upasampadā.
神足：如此具备者的受蕴……（中略）……识蕴。
Iddhipādoti. Tathābhūtassa vedanākkhandho…pe… viññāṇakkhandho.
修习神足：他亲近、修习、多作那些法。因此说“修习神足”。
Iddhipādaṃ bhāvetīti. Te dhamme āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘iddhipādaṃ bhāvetī’’ti.
438比丘如何修习具足心定精勤行之神足？比丘若以心为增上而获得定、获得心一境性——这称为“心定”。他为了未生起的恶不善法不生起而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤；为了已生起的恶不善法断除……为了未生起的善法生起……为了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤。这些称为“精勤行”。如此，此心定与这些精勤行，将它们合并、结合在一起，即被算作“心定精勤行”。
Kathañca bhikkhu cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti? Cittaṃ ce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ labhati cittassekaggataṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittasamādhi’’. So anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya…pe… anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya…pe… uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ime vuccanti ‘‘padhānasaṅkhārā’’. Iti ayañca cittasamādhi, ime ca padhānasaṅkhārā; tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
439其中，什么是心？凡是心、意、意性……彼相应的意识界——这称为“心”。
Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’.
其中，什么是定？凡是心的住立、安住……正定——这称为“定”。
Tattha katamo samādhi? Yā cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti…pe… sammāsamādhi – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samādhi’’.
其中，什么是精勤行？凡是心的精进发起……正精进——这称为“精勤行”。如此，具备此心、此定、此精勤行……具足。因此说“具足心定精勤行”。
Tattha katamo padhānasaṅkhāro? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānasaṅkhāro’’. Iti iminā ca cittena, iminā ca samādhinā, iminā ca padhānasaṅkhārena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittasamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgato’’ti.
440成就：凡是那些法的成就、圆满、成功、达成、获得、取得、到达、圆成、触证、作证、现证。
Iddhīti . Yā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ iddhi samiddhi ijjhanā samijjhanā lābho paṭilābho patti sampatti phusanā sacchikiriyā upasampadā.
神足：如是者的受蕴……识蕴。
Iddhipādoti. Tathābhūtassa vedanākkhandho…pe… viññāṇakkhandho.
修习神足：他亲近、修习、多作那些法。因此说“修习神足”。
Iddhipādaṃ bhāvetīti. Te dhamme āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘iddhipādaṃ bhāvetī’’ti.
4. 观神足
4. Vīmaṃsiddhipādo
441比丘如何修习具足观定精勤行之神足？比丘若以观为增上而获得定、获得心一境性——这称为“观定”。他为了未生起的恶不善法不生起而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤；为了已生起的恶不善法断除……为了未生起的善法生起……为了已生起的善法住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤精进、策励心、精勤。这些称为“精勤行”。如此，此观定与这些精勤行；将它们合并、结合在一起，即被算作“观定精勤行”。
Kathañca bhikkhu vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṃ iddhipādaṃ bhāveti? Vīmaṃsaṃ ce bhikkhu adhipatiṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ labhati cittassekaggataṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīmaṃsāsamādhi’’. So anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya…pe… anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya…pe… uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati. Ime vuccanti ‘‘padhānasaṅkhārā’’. Iti ayañca vīmaṃsāsamādhi, ime ca padhānasaṅkhārā; tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.
442于此，什么是审察？凡是慧、了知……（中略）……无痴、择法、正见——这称为“审察”。
Tattha katamā vīmaṃsā? Yā paññā pajānanā…pe… amoho dhammavicayo sammādiṭṭhi – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīmaṃsā’’.
于此，什么是定？凡是心的住立、确立……（中略）……正定——这称为“定”。
Tattha katamo samādhi? Yā cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti…pe… sammāsamādhi – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘samādhi’’.
于此，什么是精勤行？凡是心所的精进发起……（中略）……正精进——这称为“精勤行”。如此，具备此审察、此定、此精勤行……（中略）……具足。因此说“具足审察定精勤行”。
Tattha katamo padhānasaṅkhāro? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho …pe… sammāvāyāmo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘padhānasaṅkhāro’’. Iti imāya ca vīmaṃsāya, iminā ca samādhinā, iminā ca padhānasaṅkhārena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīmaṃsāsamādhipadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgato’’ti.
443成就：凡是那些法的成就、圆满成就、成功、圆满成功、获得、取得、到达、圆满到达、触证、作证、具足。
Iddhīti. Yā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ iddhi samiddhi ijjhanā samijjhanā lābho paṭilābho patti sampatti phusanā sacchikiriyā upasampadā.
神足：如此存在者的受蕴、想蕴、行蕴、识蕴。
Iddhipādoti . Tathābhūtassa vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, viññāṇakhandho.
修习神足：他亲近、修习、多作那些法。因此说“修习神足”。
Iddhipādaṃ bhāvetīti. Te dhamme āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘iddhipādaṃ bhāvetī’’ti.
