一、经分别
1. Suttantabhājanīyaṃ
172六界——地界、水界、火界、风界、空界、识界。
Cha dhātuyo – pathavīdhātu , āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu.
173其中,什么是地界?地界有二种——有内的,有外的。其中,什么是内地界?凡内的、自身的、坚的、坚固的、坚性、坚固性、内所执取的,即:发、毛、爪、齿、皮、肉、筋、骨、骨髓、肾、心、肝、肋膜、脾、肺、肠、肠间膜、胃中物、粪,或者其他任何内的、自身的、坚的、坚固的、坚性、坚固性、内所执取的——这称为“内地界”。
Tattha katamā pathavīdhātu? Pathavīdhātudvayaṃ – atthi ajjhattikā, atthi bāhirā. Tattha katamā ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ kharigataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – kesā lomā nakhā dantā taco maṃsaṃ nhāru aṭṭhi aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ hadayaṃ yakanaṃ kilomakaṃ pihakaṃ papphāsaṃ antaṃ antaguṇaṃ udariyaṃ karīsaṃ, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ kharigataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu’.
其中,什么是外地界?凡外的、坚的、坚固的、坚性、坚固性、外未执取的,即:铁、铜、锡、铅、银、珍珠、宝石、琉璃、螺贝、石、珊瑚、银、黄金、红宝石、玛瑙、草、木、砂砾、瓦砾、土地、岩石、山,或者其他任何外的、坚的、坚固的、坚性、坚固性、外未执取的——这称为“外地界”。内地界与外地界,将此二者合集、总括——这称为“地界”。
Tattha katamā bāhirā pathavīdhātu? Yaṃ bāhiraṃ kakkhaḷaṃ kharigataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – ayo lohaṃ tipu sīsaṃ sajjhaṃ muttā maṇi veḷuriyo saṅkho silā pavāḷaṃ rajataṃ jātarūpaṃ lohitaṅko masāragallaṃ tiṇaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ sakkharā kaṭhalaṃ bhūmi pāsāṇo pabbato, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi bāhiraṃ kakkhaḷaṃ kharigataṃ kakkhaḷattaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘bāhirā pathavīdhātu’. Yā ca ajjhattikā pathavīdhātu yā ca bāhirā pathavīdhātu, tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘pathavīdhātu’’.
174其中,什么是水界?水界有二种——有内的,有外的。其中,什么是内水界?凡内的、自身的、水、水性、湿、湿性、色的结合性、内所执取的,即:胆汁、痰、脓、血、汗、脂肪、泪、膏、唾、涕、关节滑液、尿,或者其他任何内的、自身的、水、水性、湿、湿性、色的结合性、内所执取的——这称为“内水界”。
Tattha katamā āpodhātu? Āpodhātudvayaṃ – atthi ajjhattikā, atthi bāhirā. Tattha katamā ajjhattikā āpodhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ āpo āpogataṃ sineho sinehagataṃ bandhanattaṃ rūpassa ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – pittaṃ semhaṃ pubbo lohitaṃ sedo medo assu vasā kheḷo siṅghāṇikā lasikā muttaṃ, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ āpo āpogataṃ sineho sinehagataṃ bandhanattaṃ rūpassa ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘ajjhattikā āpodhātu’.
其中,什么是外水界?凡外的、水、水性、湿、湿性、色的结合性、外不执取的,即:根汁、茎汁、皮汁、叶汁、花汁、果汁、乳、酪、酥、生酥、油、蜜、糖蜜、地上的水或空中的水,或者其他任何外的、水、水性、湿、湿性、色的结合性、外不执取的——这称为“外水界”。内水界与外水界,将此二者合集、总括——这称为“水界”。
Tattha katamā bāhirā āpodhātu? Yaṃ bāhiraṃ āpo āpogataṃ sineho sinehagataṃ bandhanattaṃ rūpassa bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – mūlaraso khandharaso tacaraso pattaraso puppharaso phalaraso khīraṃ dadhi sappi navanītaṃ telaṃ madhu phāṇitaṃ bhummāni vā udakāni antalikkhāni vā, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi bāhiraṃ āpo āpogataṃ sineho sinehagataṃ bandhanattaṃ rūpassa bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘bāhirā āpodhātu’. Yā ca ajjhattikā āpodhātu yā ca bāhirā āpodhātu, tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘āpodhātu’’.
175其中,什么是火界?火界有二种——有内的,有外的。其中,什么是内火界?凡内的、自身的、火、火性、热、热性、暖、暖性、内所执取的,即:以此而温暖、以此而衰老、以此而燃烧、以此而使所食、所饮、所嚼、所尝的完全消化,或者其他任何内的、自身的、火、火性、热、热性、暖、暖性、内所执取的——这称为“内火界”。
Tattha katamā tejodhātu? Tejodhātudvayaṃ – atthi ajjhattikā, atthi bāhirā. Tattha katamā ajjhattikā tejodhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ tejo tejogataṃ usmā usmāgataṃ usumaṃ usumagataṃ ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – yena ca santappati yena ca jīrīyati yena ca pariḍayhati yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ sammā pariṇāmaṃ gacchati, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ tejo tejogataṃ usmā usmāgataṃ usumaṃ usumagataṃ ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘ajjhattikā tejodhātu’.
其中,什么是外火界?凡外的、火、火性、热、热性、暖、暖性、外不执取的,即:木火、禾秆火、草火、牛粪火、糠火、垃圾火、因陀罗火、火的热度、太阳的热度、木堆的热度、草堆的热度、谷堆的热度、货物堆的热度,或者其他任何外的、火、火性、热、热性、暖、暖性、外不执取的——这称为“外火界”。内火界与外火界,将此二者合集、总括——这称为“火界”。
Tattha katamā bāhirā tejodhātu? Yaṃ bāhiraṃ tejo tejogataṃ usmā usmāgataṃ usumaṃ usumagataṃ bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – kaṭṭhaggi palālaggi tiṇaggi gomayaggi thusaggi saṅkāraggi indaggi aggisantāpo sūriyasantāpo kaṭṭhasannicayasantāpo tiṇasannicayasantāpo dhaññasannicayasantāpo bhaṇḍasannicayasantāpo, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi bāhiraṃ tejo tejogataṃ usmā usmāgataṃ usumaṃ usumagataṃ bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘bāhirā tejodhātu’. Yā ca ajjhattikā tejodhātu yā ca bāhirā tejodhātu, tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘tejodhātu’’.
176于此,什么是风界?风界有二种——有内的,有外的。于此,什么是内风界?凡内的、自身的风、风性、色的支持性、内在已执取的,即:上行风、下行风、腹中风、肠中风、遍行于肢体的风、刀风、剃刀风、青莲风、入息、出息,或者其他任何内的、自身的风、风性、色的支持性、内在已执取的——这被称为“内风界”。
Tattha katamā vāyodhātu? Vāyodhātudvayaṃ – atthi ajjhattikā, atthi bāhirā. Tattha katamā ajjhattikā vāyodhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ vāyo vāyogataṃ thambhitattaṃ rūpassa ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – uddhaṅgamā vātā adhogamā vātā kucchisayā vātā koṭṭhāsayā vātā aṅgamaṅgānusārino vātā satthakavātā khurakavātā uppalakavātā assāso passāso iti vā, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ vāyo vāyogataṃ thambhitattaṃ rūpassa ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘ajjhattikā vāyodhātu’.
于此,什么是外风界?凡外在的风、风性、色的支持性、外在未执取的,即:东风、西风、北风、南风、有尘风、无尘风、冷风、热风、小风、大风、黑风、毗蓝婆风、翼风、金翅鸟风、棕榈扇风、扇风,或者其他任何外在的风、风性、色的支持性、外在未执取的——这被称为“外风界”。内风界与外风界,将此二者合集、总括——这被称为“风界”。
Tattha katamā bāhirā vāyodhātu? Yaṃ bāhiraṃ vāyo vāyogataṃ thambhitattaṃ rūpassa bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – puratthimā vātā pacchimā vātā uttarā vātā dakkhiṇā vātā sarajā vātā arajā vātā sītā vātā uṇhā vātā parittā vātā adhimattā vātā kāḷavātā verambhavātā pakkhavātā supaṇṇavātā tālavaṇṭavātā vidhūpanavātā, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi bāhiraṃ vāyo vāyogataṃ thambhitattaṃ rūpassa bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘bāhirā vāyodhātu’. Yā ca ajjhattikā vāyodhātu yā ca bāhirā vāyodhātu, tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyodhātu’’.
177于此,什么是空界?空界有二种——有内的,有外的。于此,什么是内空界?凡内的、自身的空、空性、孔、孔性、隙、隙性、不接触肉血的、内在已执取的,即:耳孔、鼻孔、口门,以及吞咽所食、所饮、所嚼、所尝之处,以及所食、所饮、所嚼、所尝停留之处,以及所食、所饮、所嚼、所尝向下排出之处,或者其他任何内的、自身的空、空性、孔、孔性、隙、隙性、不接触肉血的、内在已执取的——这被称为“内空界”。
Tattha katamā ākāsadhātu? Ākāsadhātudvayaṃ – atthi ajjhattikā, atthi bāhirā. Tattha katamā ajjhattikā ākāsadhātu? Yaṃ ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ ākāso ākāsagataṃ aghaṃ aghagataṃ vivaro vivaragataṃ asamphuṭṭhaṃ maṃsalohitehi ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – kaṇṇacchiddaṃ nāsacchiddaṃ mukhadvāraṃ, yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ ajjhoharati, yattha ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ santiṭṭhati, yena ca asitapītakhāyitasāyitaṃ adhobhāgaṃ nikkhamati, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi ajjhattaṃ paccattaṃ ākāso ākāsagataṃ aghaṃ aghagataṃ vivaro vivaragataṃ asamphuṭṭhaṃ maṃsalohitehi ajjhattaṃ upādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘ajjhattikā ākāsadhātu’.
于此,什么是外空界?凡外在的空、空性、孔、孔性、隙、隙性、不接触四大种的、外在未执取的——这被称为“外空界”。内空界与外空界,将此二者合集、总括——这被称为“空界”。
Tattha katamā bāhirā ākāsadhātu? Yaṃ bāhiraṃ ākāso ākāsagataṃ aghaṃ aghagataṃ vivaro vivaragataṃ asamphuṭṭhaṃ catūhi mahābhūtehi bahiddhā anupādinnaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘bāhirā ākāsadhātu’. Yā ca ajjhattikā ākāsadhātu yā ca bāhirā ākāsadhātu, tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘ākāsadhātu’’.
178于此,什么是识界?眼识界、耳识界、鼻识界、舌识界、身识界、意识界——这被称为“识界”。
Tattha katamā viññāṇadhātu? Cakkhuviññāṇadhātu, sotaviññāṇadhātu, ghānaviññāṇadhātu, jivhāviññāṇadhātu, kāyaviññāṇadhātu, manoviññāṇadhātu – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘viññāṇadhātu’’.
179另有六界——乐界、苦界、喜界、忧界、舍界、无明界。
Aparāpi cha dhātuyo – sukhadhātu, dukkhadhātu, somanassadhātu, domanassadhātu, upekkhādhātu, avijjādhātu.
180于此,什么是乐界?凡身体上的适意、身体上的乐、由身触所生的适意乐之感受、由身触所生的适意乐受——这被称为“乐界”。
Tattha katamā sukhadhātu? Yaṃ kāyikaṃ sātaṃ kāyikaṃ sukhaṃ kāyasamphassajaṃ sātaṃ sukhaṃ vedayitaṃ kāyasamphassajā sātā sukhā vedanā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sukhadhātu’’.
于此,什么是苦界?凡身的不适意、身的苦、身触所生的不适意苦的所感受、身触所生的不适意苦的受——这被称为“苦界”。
Tattha katamā dukkhadhātu? Yaṃ kāyikaṃ asātaṃ kāyikaṃ dukkhaṃ kāyasamphassajaṃ asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ kāyasamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘dukkhadhātu’’.
于此,什么是喜界?凡是心所的适意、心所的乐、意触所生的适意乐的所感受、意触所生的适意乐的受——这被称为“喜界”。
Tattha katamā somanassadhātu? Yaṃ cetasikaṃ sātaṃ cetasikaṃ sukhaṃ cetosamphassajaṃ sātaṃ sukhaṃ vedayitaṃ cetosamphassajā sātā sukhā vedanā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘somanassadhātu’’.
于此,什么是忧界?凡是心所的不适意、心所的苦、意触所生的不适意苦的所感受、意触所生的不适意苦的受——这被称为“忧界”。
Tattha katamā domanassadhātu? Yaṃ cetasikaṃ asātaṃ cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ cetosamphassajaṃ asātaṃ dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ cetosamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘domanassadhātu’’.
于此,什么是舍界?凡是心所的非适意非不适意、意触所生的不苦不乐的感受、意触所生的不苦不乐的受——这被称为“舍界”。
Tattha katamā upekkhādhātu? Yaṃ cetasikaṃ neva sātaṃ nāsātaṃ cetosamphassajaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ vedayitaṃ cetosamphassajā adukkhamasukhā vedanā – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘upekkhādhātu’’.
于此,什么是无明界?凡是不知、不见、不现观、不随觉、不等觉、不通达、不把握、不深入、不观察、不审察、不作证、愚昧、愚痴、不正知、痴、痴昧、痴迷、无明、无明流、无明轭、无明随眠、无明缠、无明栅、痴、不善根——这称为“无明界”。
Tattha katamā avijjādhātu? Yaṃ aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ anabhisamayo ananubodho asambodho appaṭivedho asaṅgāhaṇā apariyogāhaṇā asamapekkhanā apaccavekkhaṇā apaccakkhakammaṃ dummejjhaṃ bālyaṃ asampajaññaṃ moho pamoho sammoho avijjā avijjogho avijjāyogo avijjānusayo avijjāpariyuṭṭhānaṃ avijjālaṅgī moho akusalamūlaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘avijjādhātu’’.
181另有六界——欲界、嗔恚界、害界、出离界、无嗔界、无害界。
Aparāpi cha dhātuyo – kāmadhātu, byāpādadhātu, vihiṃsādhātu, nekkhammadhātu, abyāpādadhātu, avihiṃsādhātu.
182于此,什么是欲界?与欲相应的思、寻、思惟、安止、遍安止、心的专注、邪思惟——这称为欲界。从下方以无间地狱为边际,从上方包括他化自在天在内,凡在此中间于此活动、属于此处的蕴、界、处、色、受、想、行、识——这被称为“欲界”。
Tattha katamā kāmadhātu? Kāmapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko saṅkappo appanā byappanā cetaso abhiniropanā micchāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati kāmadhātu. Heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito paranimmitavasavattī deve anto karitvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā khandhadhātuāyatanā rūpā vedanā saññā saṅkhārā viññāṇaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘kāmadhātu’’.
于此,什么是嗔恚界?与嗔恚相应的寻、寻思……(中略)……邪思惟——这称为“嗔恚界”。或者在十种恼害事中,心的恼害、反感、嗔、对抗、怒、发怒、大怒、嗔、嗔恨、大嗔恨、心的嗔恚、意恼害、忿、忿怒、忿怒性、嗔、嗔恨、嗔恨性、嗔恚、嗔恚性、对抗、反对抗、凶暴、粗暴性、心的不满意——这称为“嗔恚界”。
Tattha katamā byāpādadhātu? Byāpādapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… micchāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘byāpādadhātu’’. Dasasu vā āghātavatthūsu cittassa āghāto paṭighāto paṭighaṃ paṭivirodho kopo pakopo sampakopo doso padoso sampadoso cittassa byāpatti manopadoso kodho kujjhanā kujjhitattaṃ doso dussanā dussitattaṃ byāpatti byāpajjanā virodho paṭivirodho caṇḍikkaṃ asuropo anattamanatā cittassa – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘byāpādadhātu’’.
于此,什么是害界?与害相应的寻、伺……(中略)……邪思惟——这称为“害界”。于此,某人以手、以石块、以棍、以刀、以绳索、或以某种其他方式伤害众生,凡如此的伤害、损害、害、恼害、激怒、激恼、对他人的伤害——这称为“害界”。
Tattha katamā vihiṃsādhātu? Vihiṃsāpaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… micchāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vihiṃsādhātu’’. Idhekacco pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā rajjuyā vā aññataraññatarena satte viheṭheti, yā evarūpā heṭhanā viheṭhanā hiṃsanā vihiṃsanā rosanā virosanā parūpaghāto – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vihiṃsādhātu’’.
其中,什么是出离界?与出离相应的寻、伺……(中略)……正思惟——这称为“出离界”。一切善法都是“出离界”。
Tattha katamā nekkhammadhātu? Nekkhammapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… sammāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘nekkhammadhātu’’. Sabbepi kusalā dhammā ‘‘nekkhammadhātu’’.
其中,什么是无嗔界?与无嗔相应的寻、伺……(中略)……正思惟——这称为“无嗔界”。对众生的慈、慈意、慈意状态、慈心解脱——这称为“无嗔界”。
Tattha katamā abyāpādadhātu? Abyāpādapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… sammāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘abyāpādadhātu’’. Yā sattesu metti mettāyanā mettāyitattaṃ mettācetovimutti – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘abyāpādadhātu’’.
其中,什么是无害界?与无害相应的寻、伺、思惟、安置、普置、心的现前安置、正思惟——这称为“无害界”。对众生的悲、悲意、悲意状态、悲心解脱——这称为“无害界”。
Tattha katamā avihiṃsādhātu? Avihiṃsāpaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko saṅkappo appanā byappanā cetaso abhiniropanā sammāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘avihiṃsādhātu’’ . Yā sattesu karuṇā karuṇāyanā karuṇāyitattaṃ karuṇācetovimutti – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘avihiṃsādhātu’’.
如此,将这三个六法合并、集合,成为十八界。
Iti imāni tīṇi chakkāni tadekajjhaṃ abhisaññūhitvā abhisaṅkhipitvā aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo honti.