11. 道支分别
11. Maggaṅgavibhaṅgo
全篇 56 段
一、经分别
1. Suttantabhājanīyaṃ
486圣八支道，即是——正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。
Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.
487其中，什么是正见？于苦之智，于苦集之智，于苦灭之智，于导至苦灭之道之智——这称为“正见”。
Tattha katamā sammādiṭṭhi? Dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammādiṭṭhi’’.
其中，什么是正思惟？出离思惟、无嗔思惟、无害思惟——这称为“正思惟”。
Tattha katamo sammāsaṅkappo? Nekkhammasaṅkappo, abyāpādasaṅkappo, avihiṃsāsaṅkappo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammāsaṅkappo’’.
其中，什么是正语？离妄语、离两舌、离粗恶语、离杂秽语——这称为“正语”。
Tattha katamā sammāvācā? Musāvādā veramaṇī, pisuṇāya vācāya veramaṇī, pharusāya vācāya veramaṇī, samphappalāpā veramaṇī – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammāvācā’’.
其中，什么是正业？离杀生、离不与取、离欲邪行——这称为“正业”。
Tattha katamo sammākammanto? Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī, adinnādānā veramaṇī, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammākammanto’’.
其中，什么是正命？于此，圣弟子舍断邪命，以正命维持生活——这称为“正命”。
Tattha katamo sammāājīvo? Idha ariyasāvako micchāājīvaṃ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṃ kappeti – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammāājīvo’’.
其中，什么是正精进？于此，比丘为了未生之诸恶不善法的不生起，生起欲，努力，激发精进，策励心，精勤；为了已生之诸恶不善法的断除，生起欲，努力，激发精进，策励心，精勤；为了未生之诸善法的生起，生起欲，努力，激发精进，策励心，精勤；为了已生之诸善法的住立、不忘失、增长、广大、修习、圆满，生起欲，努力，激发精进，策励心，精勤——这称为“正精进”。
Tattha katamo sammāvāyāmo? Idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammāvāyāmo’’.
于此，什么是正念？于此，比丘于身随观身而住，热诚、正知、具念，调伏世间的贪忧；于诸受随观受而住，热诚、正知、具念，调伏世间的贪忧；于心随观心而住，热诚、正知、具念，调伏世间的贪忧；于诸法随观法而住，热诚、正知、具念，调伏世间的贪忧——这称为“正念”。
Tattha katamā sammāsati? Idha bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ, dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammāsati’’.
那里，什么是正定？这里，比丘离诸欲，离诸不善法，有寻有伺，由离而生喜与乐，达到并住于第一禅那；由于寻与伺的止息，内净，心成一性，无寻无伺，由定而生喜与乐，达到并住于第二禅那；由于喜的离去，他住于舍，有念，有正知，以身体验乐，那个圣者们宣说的“舍、具念、乐住”，达到并住于第三禅那；由于乐的舍断，由于苦的舍断，先前喜与忧的灭没，不苦不乐，舍念清净，达到并住于第四禅那——这称为“正定”。
Tattha katamo sammāsamādhi? Idha bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti ‘‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammāsamādhi’’.
488圣八支道，即是——正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。
Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.
489于此，什么是正见？于此，比丘修习正见，依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣；修习正思惟……修习正语……修习正业……修习正命……修习正精进……修习正念……修习正定，依远离、依离贪、依灭、转向舍遣。
Tattha katamā sammādiṭṭhi? Idha bhikkhu sammādiṭṭhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ, sammāsaṅkappaṃ bhāveti…pe… sammāvācaṃ bhāveti…pe… sammākammantaṃ bhāveti…pe… sammāājīvaṃ bhāveti…pe… sammāvāyāmaṃ bhāveti…pe… sammāsatiṃ bhāveti…pe… sammāsamādhiṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ.
