第六 目犍连相应
6. Moggallānasaṃyuttaṃ
1. 初禅问经
1. Paṭhamajhānapañhāsuttaṃ
332一时,具寿大目犍连住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,具寿大目犍连唤诸比丘:“贤友们,诸比丘!”“贤友!”诸比丘应答。具寿大目犍连这样说:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso, bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
贤友们,当我独处静修时,心中生起这样的思惟:“所谓‘初禅那、初禅那’,到底什么才是初禅那呢?”贤友们,那时我这样想:“即是比丘于此远离感官欲乐、远离不善法,有寻有伺,由远离而生起的喜与乐,进入并安住于初禅那。这就称为初禅那。”贤友们,我便如此远离了感官欲乐、远离了不善法,有寻有伺,由远离而生起的喜与乐,进入并安住于初禅那。贤友们,当我安住于此状态时,与欲相应的想和作意便生起了。
‘‘Idha mayhaṃ, āvuso, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ, paṭhamaṃ jhāna’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho paṭhamaṃ jhānanti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati paṭhamaṃ jhāna’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato kāmasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
那时,贤友们,世尊以神通力来到我面前,对我这样说:“目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,莫对无相心定放逸,当于无相心定中安住其心,于无相心定中令心专一,于无相心定中令心得定。”贤友们,此后又过了一些时候,我通过不作意一切相,进入并安住于无相心定。贤友们,若有人正确地说:“这位弟子得到导师的护念,证得了大神通。”那么,那正确地说者正是说我:“这位弟子得到导师的护念,证得了大神通。”
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ pamādo, animitte cetosamādhismiṃ cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, animitte cetosamādhismiṃ cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, animitte cetosamādhismiṃ cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārānuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārānuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’’’ti. Navamaṃ.
第二禅那问经
2. Dutiyajhānapañhāsuttaṃ
333所谓“第二禅那、第二禅那”,究竟什么是第二禅那呢?贤友们,那时我心中思惟:“于此,比丘由寻与伺的止息,内心澄净,心住一境,无寻无伺,由定而生喜乐,具足安住于第二禅那。这便称为第二禅那。”贤友们,我便这样由寻与伺的止息,内心澄净,心住一境,无寻无伺,由定而生喜乐,具足安住于第二禅那。贤友们,当我安住于此状态时,与寻相应的想和作意仍会习惯性地生起。
‘‘‘Dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ, dutiyaṃ jhāna’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho dutiyaṃ jhānanti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati dutiyaṃ jhāna’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato vitakkasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
贤友们,那时,世尊以神通力来到我面前,对我这样说:“目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,不要于初禅那放逸,于初禅那令心安住,于初禅那令心专一,于初禅那令心得定。”贤友们,此后过了一段时间,我便远离感官欲乐、远离不善法,有寻有伺,由远离而生喜与乐,具足安住于初禅那。贤友们,若有人正当地说:“为导师所护念的弟子,证得大神通。”他正说时,所说即是我——“为导师所护念的弟子,证得大神通。”第一经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ pamādo, paṭhame jhāne cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, paṭhame jhāne cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi , paṭhame jhāne cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārānuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārānuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
3. 第三禅那问经
3. Tatiyajhānapañhāsuttaṃ
334“第三禅那,第三禅那”是这么说。那么,什么是第三禅那呢?贤友们,那时我心想:在此,比丘离于喜,安住于舍,正念正知,以身感受乐;圣者们描述他为“舍、具念、住于安乐者”,具足安住于第三禅那。这就是第三禅那。贤友们,我便这样离于喜,安住于舍,正念正知,以身感受乐;圣者们这样描述我:“舍、具念、住于安乐者”,具足安住于第三禅那。贤友们,当我安住于此状态时,与喜相随的想和作意却现起。
‘‘‘Tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ, tatiyaṃ jhāna’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho tatiyaṃ jhānanti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – idha bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati tatiyaṃ jhānanti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi. Yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato pītisahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
贤友们,那时,世尊以神通力来到我面前,这样说:“目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,别在第二禅那上放逸,于第二禅那中令心安立,于第二禅那中令心专一,于第二禅那中令心入定。”贤友们,在那之后,我平息了寻与伺,内心清净,心专一,无寻无伺,具足由定所生的喜与乐,进入并安住于第二禅那。贤友们,若有人正确地说:“弟子为导师所护念,而得大神通”,那说的正是我——“为导师所护念的弟子,证得大神通”。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ pamādo, dutiye jhāne cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, dutiye jhāne cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, dutiye jhāne cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārānuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārānuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
第四禅那问经
4. Catutthajhānapañhāsuttaṃ
335“第四禅那”、“第四禅那”,常被这样称说。那么,什么是第四禅那呢?学友们,我如此思惟:“比丘以乐的舍断、以苦的舍断,并依先前喜悦与忧愁的灭没,进入并安住于不苦不乐、舍念清净的第四禅那。这就称为第四禅那。”于是,学友们,我以乐的舍断、以苦的舍断,并依先前喜悦与忧愁的灭没,进入并安住于不苦不乐、舍念清净的第四禅那。学友们,当我这样安住时,与乐相应的想和作意现起于心。
‘‘‘Catutthaṃ jhānaṃ , catutthaṃ jhāna’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho catutthaṃ jhānanti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati catutthaṃ jhāna’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato sukhasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
那时,学友们,世尊以神通力来到我面前,对我说:“目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,切莫于识无边处定放逸。你当将心安立于识无边处定,令心于识无边处定中专注一境,令心于识无边处定中入定。”学友们,此后过了些时日,我全然超越空无边处定,证入并安住于“识无边际”的识无边处定。学友们,若有人能正确地说……他当会说:“他已通达大通智。”第六经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ pamādo, viññāṇañcāyatane cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, viññāṇañcāyatane cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, viññāṇañcāyatane cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya…pe… mahābhiññataṃ patto’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
5. 空无边处问经
5. Ākāsānañcāyatanapañhāsuttaṃ
336“空无边处、空无边处”,人们如此说。究竟什么是空无边处呢?贤友们,我这样想:‘在此,比丘完全超越一切色想,有对想灭没,不再作意种种差别想,思惟“虚空无有边际”,进入并安住于空无边处。这便称为空无边处。’于是,贤友们,我完全超越一切色想,有对想灭没,不再作意种种差别想,思惟“虚空无有边际”,进入并安住于空无边处。贤友们,当我如此安住时,与色相关的想和作意于心中生起。
‘‘‘Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ, ākāsānañcāyatana’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho ākāsānañcāyatananti ? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati ākāsānañcāyatana’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato rūpasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
那时,贤友们,世尊以神通力来到我面前,对我说:‘目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,莫于无所有处定中放逸。应将心善巧安立于无所有处定,令心于无所有处定中趋于专一,令心于无所有处定中入定。’此后,贤友们,过了一段时间,我完全超越识无边处定,证入并安住于无所有处定——‘什么都没有’。贤友们,若有人要如实而言,他可以说……他已到达大通智。”第七经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ pamādo, ākiñcaññāyatane cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, ākiñcaññāyatane cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, ākiñcaññāyatane cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma natthi kiñcīti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya…pe… mahābhiññataṃ patto’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
第六 识无边处问经
6. Viññāṇañcāyatanapañhāsuttaṃ
337“识无边处,识无边处”,人们这样说。那么,什么是识无边处呢?贤友们,我这样想:“在此,一位比丘完全超越空无边处后,觉知‘识无边际’,便进入并安住于识无边处。这便叫作识无边处。”于是,贤友们,我完全超越空无边处后,觉知‘识无边际’,进入并安住于识无边处。贤友们,当我如此安住时,与空无边处相应的想和作意便在我心中生起。
‘‘‘Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ, viññāṇañcāyatana’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho viññāṇañcāyatananti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati viññāṇañcāyatana’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi . Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato ākāsānañcāyatanasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
那时,贤友们,世尊以神通力来到我面前,对我说:“目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,切勿于非想非非想处放逸。应将心安立于非想非非想处,令心于非想非非想处专一,令心于非想非非想处入定。”于是,贤友们,过了一段时间,我完全超越无所有处,进入并安住于非想非非想处。贤友们,若有人能正确地说……他便会这样说我:“他已证得大神通智。”第八经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ pamādo, nevasaññānāsaññāyatane cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, nevasaññānāsaññāyatane cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, nevasaññānāsaññāyatane cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya…pe… mahābhiññataṃ patto’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
无所有处问经
7. Ākiñcaññāyatanapañhāsuttaṃ
338“人们说‘无所有处、无所有处’。那么,什么是无所有处呢?贤友们,我这样想:‘在此,一位比丘全然超越识无边处,觉知“无所有”,进入并安住于无所有处。这就是无所有处。’贤友们,我便全然超越识无边处,觉知‘无所有’,进入并安住于无所有处。贤友们,当我这样安住时,伴随识无边处的想与作意便现起了。
‘‘‘Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, ākiñcaññāyatana’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho ākiñcaññāyatananti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma natthi kiñcīti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati ākiñcaññāyatana’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma natthi kiñcīti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato viññāṇañcāyatanasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
学友们,那时,世尊以神通来到我身边,对我说:‘目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,不要在第三禅那上懈怠。在第三禅那中安住你的心,在第三禅那中让你的心专一,在第三禅那中让你的心得定。’之后不久,学友们,由于远离了喜,我住于舍,有念、有正知,以身感受乐——就是那些圣者们所称的:‘舍、有念、住于乐’——成就并安住于第三禅那。学友们,若有人正确地说:‘受导师摄受的弟子达到了大神通性’……那说的就是我。” 这是第三部经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ pamādo, tatiye jhāne cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, tatiye jhāne cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, tatiye jhāne cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ āvuso sammā vadamāno vadeyya…pe… mahābhiññataṃ patto’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
非想非非想处问经
8. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanapañhāsuttaṃ
339“人们说‘非想非非想处定,非想非非想处定’。那么,究竟什么是非想非非想处定呢?贤友们,我当时心生此念:‘在此,有比丘完全超越无所有处定,进入并安住于非想非非想处定。这便称为非想非非想处定。’贤友们,于是我便完全超越无所有处定,进入并安住于非想非非想处定。贤友们,当我如此安住时,那些伴随无所有处定的想与作意便生起了。”
‘‘‘Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ, nevasaññānāsaññāyatana’nti vuccati. Katamaṃ nu kho nevasaññānāsaññāyatananti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ vuccati nevasaññānāsaññāyatana’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato ākiñcaññāyatanasahagatā saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti.
学友们,那时,世尊以神通来到我身边,对我说:‘目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,不要对第四禅那放逸。将心安住于第四禅那,令心专一于第四禅那,令心入定于第四禅那。’之后不久,学友们,由于舍断乐、舍断苦,并由于先前已灭没的喜与忧,我便进入并安住于不苦不乐、舍、念清净的第四禅那。学友们,若有人正确地说……是达到了大神通者,那便是我。” 这是第四部经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, catutthaṃ jhānaṃ pamādo, catutthe jhāne cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, catutthe jhāne cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, catutthe jhāne cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya…pe… mahābhiññataṃ patto’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
9. 无相问经
9. Animittapañhāsuttaṃ
340“人们说‘无相心定、无相心定’,究竟什么是无相心定呢?贤友们,我当时这样想:‘在此,比丘不对一切相作意,进入并安住于无相心定。这就名为无相心定。’贤友们,我于是不对一切相作意,进入并安住于无相心定。贤友们,当我如此安住时,识便随那些相而流转。”
‘‘‘Animitto cetosamādhi, animitto cetosamādhī’ti vuccati. Katamo nu kho animitto cetosamādhīti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati animitto cetosamādhī’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā animittaṃ cetosamādhiṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato nimittānusāri viññāṇaṃ hoti.
贤友们,那时,世尊以神通力来到我身边,对我说:‘目犍连,目犍连!婆罗门,切莫在空无边处上放逸。将心安住于空无边处,让心在空无边处归一,令心在空无边处入定。’贤友们,此后不久,我全然超越一切色想,灭没有对想,不作意种种差别想,[思惟]‘虚空无有边际’,进入并安住于空无边处。贤友们,若有谁正确地说:‘受老师摄受的弟子,得证大神通性’……那所指的便是我。这是第五部经。
‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna! Mā, brāhmaṇa, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ pamādo, ākāsānañcāyatane cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, ākāsānañcāyatane cittaṃ ekodiṃ karohi, ākāsānañcāyatane cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya…pe… mahābhiññataṃ patto’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
帝释天经
10. Sakkasuttaṃ
341那时,大目犍连尊者——犹如一位强壮的人屈伸手臂那样迅捷——从祇树给孤独园隐没,出现在三十三天中。这时,帝释天与五百位天人一同来到大目犍连尊者跟前,行礼后退立一旁。大目犍连尊者对站在一旁的帝释天这样说道:
Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva – jetavane antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi . Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“善哉,帝释天,皈依佛实为殊胜。帝释天,正是由于皈依佛,世间有些众生在身坏命终后,得生善趣、天界。他们于十种事上超越其他天神:天界之寿、天界之容、天界之乐、天界之誉、天界之威、天界之色、天界之声、天界之香、天界之味、天界之触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“善哉,目犍连尊者,皈依佛实为善妙。目犍连尊者,正是由皈依佛的因缘,世间有些众生在身坏命终之后,投生到善趣、天界。他们以十种方式超胜其余天神:天寿……天触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
那时,帝释天与六百位天人一同……那时,帝释天与七百位天人一同……那时,帝释天与八百位天人一同……那时,帝释天与八万位天人一同,来到尊者大目犍连处。到了之后,向尊者大目犍连行礼,立于一旁。尊者大目犍连对站在一旁的帝释天这样说:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo chahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe…. Atha kho sakko devānamindo sattahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe…. Atha kho sakko devānamindo aṭṭhahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe…. Atha kho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“帝释天,皈依佛,实为善哉。帝释天,正是由于皈依佛,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。帝释天,皈依法,实为善哉。帝释天,正是由于皈依法,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。帝释天,皈依僧,实为善哉。帝释天,正是由于皈依僧,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Dhammasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
“目犍连尊者,皈依佛,实为善妙。目犍连尊者,正是由皈依佛的因缘,世间有些众生在身坏命终之后,投生到善趣、天界。目犍连尊者,皈依法,实为善妙。目犍连尊者,正是由皈依法的因缘,世间有些众生在身坏命终之后,投生到善趣、天界。目犍连尊者,皈依僧……投生到善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Dhammasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅgha…pe… sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
那时,帝释天与五百位天人一同来到尊者大目犍连处……帝释天立于一旁,大目犍连尊者对他这样说:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami …pe… ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
善哉,帝释天!对佛陀具足不坏净,实为善妙——‘彼世尊即是……天人师、佛陀、世尊’。帝释天,正因对佛陀具足不坏净,此世间有些众生身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
善哉,帝释天!对法具足不坏净,实为善妙——‘法是世尊所善说……为智者各自亲证’。帝释天,正因对法具足不坏净,此间有些众生身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
帝释天,对僧团具足不坏净信,此实为善——‘世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……是世间无上的福田。’帝释天,正是由于对僧团具足不坏净信,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti .
帝释天,具足圣者所爱的戒,此实为善——那些圆满无缺、……能导向定的戒。帝释天,正是由于具足圣者所爱的戒,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
“目犍连尊者,对佛陀具足证净,此实是殊胜——‘彼世尊是……天人师、佛陀、世尊。’目犍连尊者,正是由于对佛陀具足证净,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
“真是殊胜啊,目犍连尊者!一个人拥有对法证净——‘法由世尊善说……为智者各自证知’,这实在善妙。目犍连尊者,正是因为拥有对法证净,这里的一些众生在身坏命终之后,投生到善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
“真是殊胜啊,目犍连尊者!一个人拥有对僧证净——‘世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……是世间无上的福田’,这实在善妙。目犍连尊者,正是因为拥有对僧证净,这里的一些众生在身坏命终之后,投生到善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
真是殊胜啊,目犍连尊者!一个人拥有为圣者所爱的戒行——不毁坏……导向定,这实在善妙。目犍连尊者,正是因为拥有为圣者所爱的戒行,这里的一些众生在身坏命终之后,投生到善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
那时,天王帝释与六百位天人一起……那时,天王帝释与七百位天人一起……那时,天王帝释与八百位天人一起……那时,天王帝释与八万位天人一起,来到大目犍连尊者那里。他来到后,向大目犍连尊者礼敬,站在一边。大目犍连尊者对站在一边的天王帝释这样说:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo chahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo sattahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo aṭṭhahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“天王,对佛以证净具足信心,这实在很好——‘彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊。’天王,正是凭着对佛以证净具足信心,这里一些众生在身坏命终之后,便投生到善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
“天王,对法以证净具足信心,这实在很好——‘法是世尊所善说的、现见的、无时的、来见的、可实践的、智者各自内证的。’天王,正是凭着对法以证净具足信心,这里一些众生在身坏命终之后,便投生到善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti . Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
帝释天,对僧团具足不坏净信,这实在殊胜——‘世尊的弟子僧团是善行道者,世尊的弟子僧团是正直行道者,世尊的弟子僧团是如理行道者,世尊的弟子僧团是正当行道者,也就是四双八辈。这世尊的弟子僧团,堪受供养、堪受款待、堪受布施、堪受合掌礼敬,是世间无上的福田。’帝释天,正是凭借对僧团具足不坏净信,有些众生在身坏命终之后,便往生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho , ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
“帝释天,具足圣者所爱的戒,这实在殊胜——那些戒是圆满无缺、无有瑕疵、无有污点、清净解脱、为智者所称叹、不执取、导向定的。帝释天,正是凭借具足圣者所爱的戒,有些众生在身坏命终之后,便往生善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
大目犍连尊者,对佛陀具足不坏净信,这实在殊胜——‘这位世尊是……天人师、佛陀、世尊’。大目犍连尊者,正是凭借对佛陀具足不坏净信,有些众生在身坏命终之后,便往生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
大目犍连尊者,对法具足不坏净信,这确实是善的——‘世尊所善说的法……是智者各自应亲证的’。大目犍连尊者,正是由于对法具足不坏净信,世间才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
大目犍连尊者,对僧伽具足不坏净信,这确实是善的——‘世尊的声闻僧伽是善行道者……是世间无上的福田’。大目犍连尊者,正是由于对僧伽具足不坏净信,世间才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti.
大目犍连尊者,具足圣者所珍爱的戒——这些戒完好无损……能导向定——这确实是善的。大目犍连尊者,正是由于具足圣者所珍爱的戒,世间才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。他们比其他天人在十方面更为殊胜:天界的寿命、天界的容貌、天界的快乐、天界的名声、天界的权威、天界的色、天界的声、天界的香、天界的味、天界的触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena , dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
那时,天帝释与五百位天人一同来到大目犍连尊者处。他走近后,向大目犍连尊者顶礼,然后立于一旁。大目犍连尊者对立于一旁的天帝释这样说:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“帝释天,皈依佛,实为善哉。帝释天,正是由于皈依佛,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。帝释天,皈依法,实为善哉。帝释天,正是由于皈依法,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。帝释天,皈依僧,实为善哉。帝释天,正是由于皈依僧,才有这些众生在身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Dhammasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
善哉,帝释天,皈依法。帝释天,正是依此皈依法,有些众生在身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们于十处超越其他天神:天界的寿命、天界的容貌、天界的快乐、天界的名声、天界的权威、天界的色、天界的声、天界的香、天界的味、天界的触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Dhammasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“善哉,帝释天,皈依僧。帝释天,正是依此皈依僧,有些众生在身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们于十处超越其他天神:天界的寿命、天界的容貌、天界的快乐、天界的名声、天界的权威、天界的色、天界的声、天界的香、天界的味、天界的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
大目犍连尊者,皈依佛,实为善哉。大目犍连尊者,正因皈依佛,于此世间有些众生身坏命终后,得生善趣、天界。大目犍连尊者,皈依法,实为善哉…… 大目犍连尊者,皈依僧,实为善哉。大目犍连尊者,正因皈依僧,于此世间有些众生身坏命终后,得生善趣、天界。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti…pe… sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
“大目犍连尊者,皈依法,实为善哉……(中略)。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti…pe….
“大目犍连尊者,皈依僧,实为善哉。大目犍连尊者,正因皈依僧,于此世间有些众生身坏命终后,得生善趣、天界。他们在十处超越其他天人:天寿、天容、天乐、天誉、天威、天色、天声、天香、天味、天触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
那时,帝释天与六百位天人俱……(中略)……与八万天人俱,来到大目犍连尊者之处。到已,顶礼尊者,退立一面。大目犍连尊者对站在一旁的帝释天说:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo chahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo sattahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo aṭṭhahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“善哉,帝释天,皈依佛。帝释天,正是由于皈依佛,此世间有些众生身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。他们于十处超越其他天人:天界的寿命……乃至……天界的触尘。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Buddhasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“善哉,帝释天,皈依法……乃至……。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti…pe….
帝释天,皈依僧,实为殊胜。帝释天,正因为皈依僧,此世间有些众生在身坏命终之后,往生善趣、天界。他们以十事超胜其余诸天:天寿、天容、天乐、天誉、天权、天色、天声、天香、天味、天触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi , dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
善哉,目犍连尊者,皈依佛,的确是很好的……善哉,目犍连尊者,皈依法,的确是很好的……善哉,目犍连尊者,皈依僧,的确是很好的。目犍连尊者,正是由于皈依僧,此中一类众生在身体崩解、命终之后,得以投生到善趣、天界。他们以十种特质,超胜其余天人:天界的寿命、天界的容色、天界的安乐、天界的声誉、天界的威德、天界的色、天界的声、天界的香、天界的味、天界的触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti…pe… sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhammasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti…pe… sādhu kho mārisa moggallāna, saṅghasaraṇagamanaṃ hoti. Saṅghasaraṇagamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
那时,帝释天与五百天人一同来到大目犍连尊者处,向尊者礼敬后,站在一旁。大目犍连尊者对站在一旁的帝释天这样说道:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo pañcahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“帝释天,对佛陀具足不坏净,这是很好的:‘彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊。’帝释天,正是由于对佛陀具足不坏净,有些众生在此身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们在十方面超过其他天人:天的寿命、天的容貌、天的快乐、天的名声、天的权威、天的色、天的声、天的香、天的味、天的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“帝释天,对法具足不坏净,这是很好的:‘法是世尊善说的……是智者各自证知的。’帝释天,正是由于对法具足不坏净,有些众生在此身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们在十方面超过其他天人:天的寿命……天的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda , dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti…pe….
“帝释天,对僧具足不坏净,这是很好的:‘世尊的弟子僧团是善行道者、正直行道者、如理行道者、正当行道者,也就是四双八辈之士。这位世尊的弟子僧团,是应受供养者、应受款待者、应受布施者、应受合掌礼敬者,是世间无上的福田。’帝释天,正是由于对僧具足不坏净,有些众生在此身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们在十方面超过其他天人:天的寿命……天的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“帝释天,具足圣者所爱之戒,此是善好——这些戒无破损、无裂缝、无斑点、无杂污,自在无羁,为智者所称扬,不执取,导向禅定。帝释天,正是由于具足这些圣者所爱之戒,有些众生在此身坏命终之后,投生善趣、天界。他们在十个方面超胜于其他天人:天的寿命、天的容貌、天的快乐、天的名声、天的威权、天的色相、天的声音、天的香气、天的味道、天的所触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā, dibbena vaṇṇena, dibbena sukhena, dibbena yasena, dibbena ādhipateyyena, dibbehi rūpehi, dibbehi saddehi, dibbehi gandhehi, dibbehi rasehi, dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
目犍连尊者,对佛陀持有不坏净信,实为殊善——‘彼世尊是阿拉汉……天人师、佛陀、世尊。’目犍连尊者,正因为对佛陀具有不坏净信,有些众生于此身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们在十个方面超胜诸天:天寿……乃至天的可触之境。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“目犍连尊者,对法具有不坏净信,实为殊善——‘世尊所善说的法……有智者各自可了知。’目犍连尊者,正因为对法具有不坏净信,有些众生于此身坏命终后,投生善趣、天界。他们在十个方面超胜诸天:天寿……乃至天的可触之境。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“目犍连贤者,对僧伽具足不坏净信,这是善哉——‘世尊的弟子僧团是善行道者……是世间无上的福田。’目犍连贤者,正是由于对僧伽具足不坏净信,有些众生在此身坏命终后,便投生到善趣、天界。他们在十方面胜过其他天人:天的寿命……天的可触知之物。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“目犍连贤者,成就圣者所爱之戒,这是善哉——那些戒无有缺失……能导向定。目犍连贤者,正是由于成就了圣者所爱之戒,有些众生在此身坏命终后,便投生到善趣、天界。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantī’’ti.
那时,帝释天与六百位天人一起……那时,帝释天与七百位天人一起……那时,帝释天与八百位天人一起……那时,帝释天与八万位天人一起,来到尊者大目犍连处。到了之后,向尊者大目犍连顶礼,站于一旁。尊者大目犍连对站在一旁的帝释天这样说:
Atha kho sakko devānamindo chahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo sattahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo aṭṭhahi devatāsatehi saddhiṃ…pe… atha kho sakko devānamindo asītiyā devatāsahassehi saddhiṃ yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca –
“帝释天,对佛陀具足不坏净,实为善妙:‘彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者……天人师、佛陀、世尊。’帝释天,正是由于对佛陀具足不坏净,才有此处的某些众生在身坏命终后,投生于善趣天界。他们在十个方面超越其他天神:天界的寿命……天界的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“帝释天,对法具足不坏净,实为善妙:‘世尊所善说的法,是现见的、即时的、请来见的、导向涅槃的、智者各自可证知的。’帝释天,正是由于对法具足不坏净,才有此处的某些众生在身坏命终后,投生于善趣天界。他们在十个方面超越其他天神:天界的寿命……天界的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“帝释天,对僧团具足不坏净,实为善妙:‘世尊的声闻僧团是善行道者……世间的无上福田。’帝释天,正是由于对僧团具足不坏净,才有此处的某些众生在身坏命终后,投生于善趣天界……”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti…pe….
“帝释天,具足圣者所赞叹的戒——无缺……导向定的戒,这是殊胜的。帝释天,正是由于具足圣者所赞叹的戒,此处有一些众生在身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界。他们依十个方面胜过其他天神:天界的寿命……天界的触。”
‘‘Sādhu kho, devānaminda, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, devānaminda, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
“目犍连尊者,对佛陀具足不坏净,这是殊胜的——‘彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者……天人师、佛陀、世尊。’目犍连尊者,正是由于对佛陀具足不坏净,此处有一些众生在身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界。他们依十个方面胜过其他天人:天界的寿命……天界的触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
“目犍连尊者,对法具足不坏净,这是殊胜的——‘法是世尊所善说的……智者各自亲证的。’目犍连尊者,正是由于对法具足不坏净,此处有一些众生在身坏命终后,往生善趣、天界。他们依十个方面胜过其他天人:天界的寿命……天界的触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi.
善哉,目犍连尊者,对僧团具备不坏净,确实殊胜:‘世尊的弟子僧团善行道……是世间无上的福田。’目犍连尊者,正因对僧团具备不坏净,在此世间,有一些众生身坏命终后,得以往生善趣、天界……。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanaṃ hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… lokassā’ti. Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna , evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti…pe….
善哉,目犍连尊者,具足圣所珍爱之戒,确实殊胜——此戒不毁坏……导向定。目犍连尊者,正因具足圣所珍爱之戒,在此世间,有一些众生身坏命终后,得以往生善趣、天界。他们在十个方面超过其他天人:天界的寿命、天界的容色、天界的快乐、天界的名声、天界的权威、天界的色、天界的声、天界的香、天界的味、天界的触。
‘‘Sādhu kho, mārisa moggallāna, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanaṃ hoti akhaṇḍehi…pe… samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgamanahetu kho, mārisa moggallāna, evamidhekacce sattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti. Te aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhanti – dibbena āyunā…pe… dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehī’’ti.
11. 旃檀经
11. Candanasuttaṃ
342那时,旃檀天子……(中略)……。
Atha kho candano devaputto…pe….
那时,善夜摩天子……(中略)……。
Atha kho suyāmo devaputto…pe… .
那时,善满足天子……(中略)……。
Atha kho santusito devaputto…pe….
那时,善化作天子……(中略)……。
Atha kho sunimmito devaputto…pe….
那时,他化自在天子……(中略)……。
Atha kho vasavatti devaputto…pe….
应如《帝释经》中所说,将此五处略说详尽展开。第十一经。
(Yathā sakkasuttaṃ tathā ime pañca peyyālā vitthāretabbā). Ekādasamaṃ.
有寻、无寻,依乐与舍而安住;
空无边处、识无边处、无所有处、非想非非想处;
无相、帝释,及第十一檀香经。
Savitakkāvitakkañca, sukhena ca upekkhako; Ākāsañceva viññāṇaṃ, ākiñcaṃ nevasaññinā; Animitto ca sakko ca, candanekādasena cāti.
━━ 归纳讲解,仅供参考 ━━
这组在讲什么
这一相应围绕大目犍连尊者的禅修历程展开。前九部经完全采用同一模式:目犍连在入定后,某种细微的执着随着定境现起,佛陀以神通力现身提醒他“莫放逸”,指导他在各种定境中安住心、令心专一。后两部经则转向目犍连对帝释天等天神的教导,强调三归依与四不坏净的功德。
出场人物 / 对告众
| Pali | 中文(经文用名) | 角色 |
|---|
| Moggallāna | 大目犍连 | 本组说法的核心主体,佛陀的上首弟子,神通第一 |
| Bhagavā / Satthā | 世尊 / 导师 | 在目犍连禅修时以神通力现身指导的导师 |
| Sakka / Devānaminda | 帝释天 / 天帝 | 第10经中对告的天神之主 |
| Devatā | 天人 | 帝释天的随从天人众,从五百增至八万 |
| Bhikkhū | 诸比丘 | 目犍连宣说经验的对象 |
核心法义(白话+重点)
这组的中心教法是:即使证得了高深的禅定,修行者也容易被定境的乐受、舍受或细微的“想”所牵动,形成新的放逸。佛陀对目犍连的每一次点拨,本质上都是在说:禅那本身不是终点,在定中依然要保有觉察、专一、不放逸,才能真正稳固。
以第9经“无相心定”为例,目犍连已能“对一切相不作意”而入定,但经文说“当我以此住而住时,识随逐于相”。
→ 拆开看:“无相”的体验本身成了一个微细的相,心识惯性追逐境相的习气仍在起作用。佛陀的点拨不是否定这个定境,而是让目犍连在“无相”中也不放逸,令心真正专一。
→ 要旨:禅定的每一阶都有相应的“想”与“作意”现起,真正的进阶不是从一个定境跳到另一个定境,而是在每一个定境中都能安住心、令心得定,不随伴生的微细执着而偏移。
关键术语锚
| Pali | 中文(经文用名) | 一句点透 |
|---|
| vihāra | 住/安住 | 本组高频出现,指禅定的心境安住状态,不是物理住所 |
| nimitta | 相 | 第9经核心概念;“无相”是无一切相,但识仍会追逐“无相”本身为相 |
| saññā | 想 | 每一禅对应不同的想,如“与欲俱行的想”“与色相应的想”;这里的想是心的标记、认取功能 |
| aveccappasāda | 证净/不坏净 | 第10-11经锁定词,指对佛、法、僧、戒的不动摇的信心,非一般信仰 |
| pamāda | 放逸 | 佛陀反复叮嘱“莫放逸”,不是说不该入定,而是入定后不可懈怠于觉察 |
| cetaso ekodi-bhāva | 心专一性 | 第二禅那的特质,本组佛陀反复强调要让心“专一”“得定” |
代表经(本组重点)
1. 初禅那问经(第1经)
2. 第四禅那问经(第4经)
3. 空无边处问经(第5经)
4. 非想非非想处问经(第8经)
5. 无相问经(第9经)
6. 帝释天经(第10经)