1. 誓愿经
1. Vatapadasuttaṃ
257在舍卫城。
“诸比丘,过去世帝释天神尚为人时,曾圆满受持七种誓愿。正因受持这些誓愿,他得以成就帝释之位。哪七种?终身赡养父母,终身恭敬宗族长辈,终身言语温雅,终身远离两舌,终身以离悭垢之心住于家中,慷慨施舍,净手持物,乐于弃舍,应乞者所求,喜于布施与分享;终身说真实语;终身不怀瞋恨,倘若瞋恨生起,旋即能够调伏。
诸比丘,帝释天神于过去世为人时,曾圆满受持此七种誓愿。正因受持这些誓愿,他得以成就帝释之位。”
Sāvatthiyaṃ . ‘‘Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā. Katamāni satta vatapadāni? Yāvajīvaṃ mātāpettibharo assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ saṇhavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ apisuṇavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvaseyyaṃ muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato, yāvajīvaṃ saccavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ akkodhano assaṃ – sacepi me kodho uppajjeyya, khippameva naṃ paṭivineyya’’nti. ‘‘Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā’’ti.
“奉养父母,恭敬氏族中的长者,”
言语温雅,亲切柔和,舍离离间语者。
“此人致力于破除悭吝,真实不虚,降伏了愤怒——
三十三天的诸天神,确实称他为善士。”
‘‘Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ; Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ. ‘‘Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ; Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, āhu sappuriso itī’’ti.
2. 帝释天名经
2. Sakkanāmasuttaṃ
258如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树林。那时,世尊对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,帝释天神,诸天神之王,过去生为人时,名为摩伽的青年,因此他被称为摩伽婆。”
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno magho nāma māṇavo ahosi, tasmā maghavāti vuccati.
“诸比丘,天帝释过去尚在人中时,就曾先行布施,因此被称为补琳达多。”
‘‘Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno pure dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā purindadoti vuccati.
“诸比丘,天帝释过去尚在人中时,曾恭敬地行布施,因此被称为帝释。
‘‘Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā sakkoti vuccati.
“诸比丘,天帝释过去尚在人中时,曾布施住处,因此被称为瓦沙瓦。
‘‘Sakko , bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno āvasathaṃ adāsi, tasmā vāsavoti vuccati.
“诸比丘,帝释天王能于一刹那思虑上千种事,因此被称为千眼者。
‘‘Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo sahassampi atthānaṃ muhuttena cinteti, tasmā sahassakkhoti vuccati.
“诸比丘,帝释天神的妻子是阿修罗女,名为须阇,因此他被称为须阇波低。”
‘‘Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa sujā nāma asurakaññā pajāpati, tasmā sujampatīti vuccati.
“诸比丘,帝释天神于三十三天众中行使统治、最高主权与王权,因此被称为天王。”
‘‘Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreti, tasmā devānamindoti vuccati.
“诸位比丘,帝释天神往昔尚且为凡人之时,曾圆满受持并践行七条行愿。正是由于受持了这些行愿,他后来才得以成就帝释天神的果位。是哪七条行愿呢?有生之年,我当赡养父母。有生之年,我当恭敬家中尊长。有生之年,我当言语温和。有生之年,我当不说是非离间之语。有生之年,我当以远离垢秽、远离悭吝之心过在家生活,乐于布施、双手清净、喜于舍弃、有求必应、乐行分享与供养。有生之年,我当说真实之语。有生之年,我当不生瞋怒——纵使瞋怒生起,也能令其迅速止息。诸位比丘,帝释天神往昔尚且为凡人之时,曾圆满受持并践行这七条行愿。正是由于受持了这些行愿,他后来才得以成就帝释天神的果位。”
‘‘Sakkassa , bhikkhave devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā. Katamāni satta vatapadāni? Yāvajīvaṃ mātāpettibharo assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ saṇhavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ apisuṇavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvaseyyaṃ muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato, yāvajīvaṃ saccavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ akkodhano assaṃ – sacepi me kodho uppajjeyya, khippameva naṃ paṭivineyya’’nti. ‘‘Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā’’ti.
“赡养父母者,恭敬家中尊长者,”
言语柔和有礼,舍离离间语者。
“致力于调伏悭吝,真实,降伏愤怒的人;
三十三天的诸天神,确实称他为善士。”
‘‘Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ; Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ. ‘‘Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ; Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, āhu sappuriso itī’’ti.
259如是我闻:一时,世尊住在毗舍离城大林的重阁讲堂。那时,摩诃梨离车族人来到世尊跟前,行礼之后,坐在一旁。坐定后,摩诃梨离车族人对世尊这样说:
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho mahāli licchavī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahāli licchavī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
“尊者,世尊可曾见过帝释天神?”
‘‘Diṭṭho kho , bhante, bhagavatā sakko devānamindo’’ti?
“摩诃梨,我曾见过帝释天神。”
‘‘Diṭṭho kho me, mahāli, sakko devānamindo’’ti.
“尊者,那他应是形似帝释天神的人了。尊者,帝释天神确实难见。”
‘‘So hi nūna, bhante, sakkapatirūpako bhavissati. Duddaso hi, bhante, sakko devānamindo’’ti.
“马哈利,我确然了知帝释天神,也了知成就帝释天神身分的法——正是因他受持了那些法,帝释天神才证得帝释天神之位。这些,我同样了知。”
‘‘Sakkañca khvāhaṃ, mahāli, pajānāmi sakkakaraṇe ca dhamme, yesaṃ dhammānaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā, tañca pajānāmi.
“马哈利,帝释天神往昔还是人身时,是一位名叫摩伽的青年,因此,他被称为摩伽婆。”
‘‘Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno magho nāma māṇavo ahosi, tasmā maghavāti vuccati.
“马哈利,帝释天神在过去世尚为人身时,曾以恭敬心行布施,因此被称为帝释。”
‘‘Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā sakkoti vuccati.
“马哈利,帝释天神在过去世尚为人身时,曾先行布施,因此被称为先施者。”
‘‘Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno pure dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā purindadoti vuccati.
“马哈利,帝释天神在过去世尚为人身时,曾布施客舍,因此被称为住所施者。”
‘‘Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno āvasathaṃ adāsi, tasmā vāsavoti vuccati.
“摩诃梨,三十三天之主帝释能于一刹那间思虑上千件事,由此被称为“千眼者”。
‘‘Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo sahassampi atthānaṃ muhuttena cinteti, tasmā sahassakkhoti vuccati.
“摩诃梨,三十三天之主帝释的妻子是名为须阇的阿修罗少女,因此他被称为“须阇之主”。
‘‘Sakkassa , mahāli, devānamindassa sujā nāma asurakaññā pajāpati, tasmā sujampatīti vuccati.
“摩诃梨,三十三天之主帝释于三十三天众中行施主权、统领与王政,因此他被称为“天王”。
‘‘Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreti, tasmā devānamindoti vuccati.
“摩诃梨,天帝释在过去生为人时,曾全然受持并践行七条誓愿。正因为受持了这些誓愿,他才成就了帝释之位。是哪七条誓愿呢?‘我愿终生赡养父母。我愿终生尊敬家中长者。我愿终生言语柔和。我愿终生不两舌。我愿终生以离悭垢之心居家,慷慨施舍、亲手赠予、乐于施与、有求必应、喜好布施与分享。我愿终生说真实语。我愿终生不瞋恨;即使生起怒气,也能迅速调伏。’摩诃梨,天帝释在过去生为人时,正是受持并践行了这七条誓愿,才成就了帝释之位。”
‘‘Sakkassa, mahāli, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā. Katamāni satta vatapadāni? Yāvajīvaṃ mātāpettibharo assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ saṇhavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ apisuṇavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvaseyyaṃ muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato, yāvajīvaṃ saccavāco assaṃ, yāvajīvaṃ akkodhano assaṃ – sacepi me kodho uppajeyya, khippameva naṃ paṭivineyya’’nti. ‘‘Sakkassa, mahāli, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā’’ti.
“赡养父母的人,敬重家中长者的人,
言语柔和亲切,舍离离间语的人。
“精勤于断除悭吝,真实不虚,已调伏嗔怒的人。
三十三天的诸天神,确实称他为善士。”
‘‘Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ; Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ. ‘‘Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ; Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, āhu sappuriso itī’’ti.
260一时,世尊住于王舍城的竹林园,松鼠觅食处。在那里,世尊唤诸比丘:“诸比丘!”他们回答:“尊者!”世尊这样说道:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
“诸比丘,过去久远之时,就在这王舍城中,有一个人,极为贫穷、潦倒困苦。他对如来所教导的法和律生起信心,受持戒行,听闻法义,修习布施,培育智慧。在他对如来所教导的法和律生起信心、受持戒行、听闻法义、修习布施、培育智慧之后,身坏命终,便投生到善道、天界,与三十三天的天众为伴。他以容貌与名声,远远超越了其他天神。诸比丘,那时,三十三天的天众便因此事议论纷纷,心生嫌责:“诸贤友,这真是稀有!诸贤友,这真是前所未有!这位天子前世为人之时,曾是那般贫穷潦倒;如今身坏命终,却投生善道、天界,与三十三天的天众为伴,且以容貌与名声,远远超越其他天神。””
‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso imasmiṃyeva rājagahe manussadaliddo ahosi manussakapaṇo manussavarāko. So tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyi, sīlaṃ samādiyi, sutaṃ samādiyi, cāgaṃ samādiyi, paññaṃ samādiyi. So tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyitvā sīlaṃ samādiyitvā sutaṃ samādiyitvā cāgaṃ samādiyitvā paññaṃ samādiyitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajji devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. So aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho! Ayañhi devaputto pubbe manussabhūto samāno manussadaliddo ahosi manussakapaṇo manussavarāko; so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. So aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā cā’’’ti.
“诸比丘,那时,天神之王帝释天神对三十三天的诸天神们说:‘诸位尊者,请不要对这位天子心怀怨责。这位天子,前世为人时,于如来所宣说的法与律中,持起了信、持起了戒、持起了闻、持起了施、持起了慧。正是因为他这样持起,身坏命终后,才投生到善趣、天界,与三十三天的诸天神为伴。因此,他在容色与名声上,远远超越了其他诸天神。’诸比丘,接着,天神之王帝释天神为了抚慰三十三天的诸天神,于那时诵出了如下偈颂:”
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṃse āmantesi – ‘mā kho tumhe, mārisā, etassa devaputtassa ujjhāyittha. Eso kho, mārisā, devaputto pubbe manussabhūto samāno tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyi, sīlaṃ samādiyi, sutaṃ samādiyi, cāgaṃ samādiyi, paññaṃ samādiyi. So tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyitvā sīlaṃ samādiyitvā sutaṃ samādiyitvā cāgaṃ samādiyitvā paññaṃ samādiyitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ . So aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā cā’’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṃse anunayamāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi –
“若人对如来,有不动摇、善安立的净信,
其戒行善妙,为圣者所喜爱、所称叹;
“他对僧团有净信,且见解正直。
人们说他并不贫穷,他的一生没有虚度。
“因此,应具信、戒、净信与见法,
精勤铭记诸佛的教说。”
‘‘Yassa saddhā tathāgate, acalā suppatiṭṭhitā; Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ. ‘‘Saṅghe pasādo yassatthi, ujubhūtañca dassanaṃ; Adaliddoti taṃ āhu, amoghaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ. ‘‘Tasmā saddhañca sīlañca, pasādaṃ dhammadassanaṃ; Anuyuñjetha medhāvī, saraṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti.
5. 可喜经
5. Rāmaṇeyyakasuttaṃ
261在舍卫城的祇树林。那时,帝释天神来到世尊处,顶礼世尊后,站在一旁。站在一旁的帝释天神这样问世尊:“尊者,什么是大地令人欣喜之处呢?”
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, bhante, bhūmirāmaṇeyyaka’’nti?
“园中塔庙、林中塔庙,精妙营造的莲花池,
尚不及一位令人欢悦之人的十六分之一。
“或在村落,或在旷野;或在低地,或在高地;
凡是阿拉汉所住之处,那大地便是令人欢悦的地方。”
‘‘Ārāmacetyā vanacetyā, pokkharañño sunimmitā; Manussarāmaṇeyyassa, kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ. ‘‘Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, ninne vā yadi vā thale; Yattha arahanto viharanti, taṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyaka’’nti.
6. 祭祀者经
6. Yajamānasuttaṃ
262一时,世尊住于王舍城的灵鹫山上。那时,诸天神之王帝释天神来到世尊跟前,向世尊礼敬后,立于一旁。立于一旁的帝释天神以偈颂问世尊:
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“对于祭祀的人类,那些渴求福德的众生,
“作有依止的福德,布施在何处果报大?”
“四位在行于道,四位安住于果——
这就是那正直的僧团,具足慧与戒。
“那些举行祭祀、渴求福德的世人,”
他们所造的有依福德,施予僧团,即得大果报。
‘‘Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ; Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, kattha dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti. ‘‘Cattāro ca paṭipannā, cattāro ca phale ṭhitā; Esa saṅgho ujubhūto, paññāsīlasamāhito. ‘‘Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ; Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphala’’nti.
7. 礼敬佛经
7. Buddhavandanāsuttaṃ
263在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊正值日间习静,独处宴坐。这时,帝释天神与梵天娑婆主一同前往世尊那里;到了之后,各倚一侧的门柱而立。于是,帝释天神在世尊面前诵出这首偈颂:
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho sakko ca devānamindo brahmā ca sahampati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ nissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha kho sakko devānamindo bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
“起来吧,于战斗中获胜的英雄!
“重担已卸,无债而游化世间;”
“你的心已全然解脱,”
“犹如十五月圆之夜的明月。”
‘‘Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma, Pannabhāra anaṇa vicara loke; Cittañca te suvimuttaṃ, Cando yathā pannarasāya ratti’’nti.
“帝释天神,不应如此礼敬如来。帝释天神,礼敬如来应当这样——”
‘‘Na kho, devānaminda, tathāgatā evaṃ vanditabbā. Evañca kho, devānaminda, tathāgatā vanditabbā –
“起来吧,于战斗中获胜的英雄!
商队之主,无债而行于世间,
请宣说法吧,世尊!
将有了知者。”
‘‘Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma, Satthavāha anaṇa vicara loke; Desassu bhagavā dhammaṃ, Aññātāro bhavissantī’’ti.
8. 居士礼敬经
8. Gahaṭṭhavandanāsuttaṃ
264在舍卫城。于彼处……世尊这般宣说:“诸比丘,过去之时,天之主帝释天神召命车夫摩得利:‘善友摩得利,把那千匹良马牵引的骏车套好,我们前往园地,去看看那美丽的园地吧。’‘唯然,尊上。’诸比丘,车夫摩得利应诺天之主帝释天神后,套上千匹良马所驾的骏车,随即向天之主帝释天神禀报:‘尊上,您的千匹良马所驾骏车已经套好了。如今您看什么时辰合适,便请动身吧。’那时,诸比丘,天之主帝释天神从最胜殿而下,合掌恭敬,礼敬四方。于是,诸比丘,车夫摩得利便以偈颂对天之主帝释天神说道:
Sāvatthiyaṃ. Tatra…pe… etadavoca – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesi – ‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ. Uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmiṃ dassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi – ‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho. Yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṃ katvā sudaṃ puthuddisā namassati. Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“那些通晓三吠陀者礼敬您,世间所有的刹帝利也礼敬您;
还有四大天王,以及有名望的三十三天众;
那么,帝释天神,你所礼敬的那位夜叉,名字又是什么呢?”
“通晓三吠陀者,以及世间所有的刹帝利,都礼敬我。
还有四大天王,以及有名望的三十三天众;
“我则礼敬戒行具足、久修禅定者,
礼敬如法出家、以梵行为究竟者。
“我亦礼敬在家行善积德、持戒清净的近事男们,
摩得利,我礼敬那些如法扶养妻室的人。”
“帝释天神啊,你所礼敬的,据说确是世间最上者;
帝释天神啊,你所礼敬的,我也礼敬他们。”
“大力天王、苏阇之夫说了这番话后,
向诸方礼敬后,面向前方登上了车。”
‘‘Taṃ namassanti tevijjā, sabbe bhummā ca khattiyā; Cattāro ca mahārājā, tidasā ca yasassino; Atha ko nāma so yakkho, yaṃ tvaṃ sakka namassasī’’ti. ‘‘Maṃ namassanti tevijjā, sabbe bhummā ca khattiyā; Cattāro ca mahārājā, tidasā ca yasassino. ‘‘Ahañca sīlasampanne, cirarattasamāhite; Sammāpabbajite vande, brahmacariyaparāyane. ‘‘Ye gahaṭṭhā puññakarā, sīlavanto upāsakā; Dhammena dāraṃ posenti, te namassāmi mātalī’’ti. ‘‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṃ, ye tvaṃ sakka namassasi; Ahampi te namassāmi, ye namassasi vāsavā’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna maghavā, devarājā sujampati; Puthuddisā namassitvā, pamukho rathamāruhī’’ti.
9. 礼敬导师经
9. Satthāravandanāsuttaṃ
265在舍卫城的祇树林中。诸比丘,往昔,天王帝释天神唤来车夫摩得利:“亲爱的摩得利,去备好千骏所驾的车,我们到园林赏景。”“遵命,尊主。”诸比丘,车夫摩得利应允帝释天神后,备好千骏之车,回禀帝释天神:“尊主,千骏之车已备,如今您看什么时辰合适,便请动身。”诸比丘,那时,天王帝释天神从最胜殿下来,合掌礼敬世尊。于是,诸比丘,车夫摩得利便以偈颂对天王帝释天神说道:
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. ‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesi – ‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ, uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmiṃ dassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi – ‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho. Yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṃ katvā sudaṃ bhagavantaṃ namassati. Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“凡诸天神与世人,皆礼敬于您,瓦萨瓦啊;
那么,帝释天神,您所礼敬的那位夜叉,是何名号?”
“在这诸天神所在的世间,那位正自觉者,
我礼敬那名为无等的导师,摩得利。
“那些贪、嗔、无明已消褪的人,
诸漏已尽的阿拉汉,我礼敬他们,摩得利。
“那些调伏了贪与嗔、超越无明的人,
有学乐于损减,依不放逸而随学。
摩得利,我礼敬他们。”
“帝释天神啊,你所礼敬的,据说确是世间最上者;
帝释天神啊,你所礼敬的,我也礼敬他们。”
“摩伽婆天王、苏阇之夫,如此说后,
礼敬世尊后,即登上车。”
‘‘Yañhi devā manussā ca, taṃ namassanti vāsava; Atha ko nāma so yakkho, yaṃ tvaṃ sakka namassasī’’ti. ‘‘Yo idha sammāsambuddho, asmiṃ loke sadevake; Anomanāmaṃ satthāraṃ, taṃ namassāmi mātali. ‘‘Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca, avijjā ca virājitā; Khīṇāsavā arahanto, te namassāmi mātali. ‘‘Ye rāgadosavinayā, avijjāsamatikkamā; Sekkhā apacayārāmā, appamattānusikkhare; Te namassāmi mātalī’’ti. ‘‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṃ, ye tvaṃ sakka namassasi; Ahampi te namassāmi, ye namassasi vāsavā’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna maghavā, devarājā sujampati; Bhagavantaṃ namassitvā, pamukho rathamāruhī’’ti.
10. 礼敬僧团经
10. Saṅghavandanāsuttaṃ
266在舍卫城的祇树林中。……那时,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘,从前,帝释天神召唤车夫摩得利:‘来,摩得利,将那辆千匹良马拉的御车套好,我们到园林地去观赏美景。’‘好的,尊上。’摩得利应允,套好千匹良马的车后,禀报帝释天神:‘阁下,千匹良马的车已套好,您若觉得适时,便请动身。’那时,帝释天神从最胜殿下来,合掌恭敬地向比丘僧团礼敬。于是,摩得利便以偈颂问帝释天神:”
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. Tatra kho…pe… etadavoca – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesi – ‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ , uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmiṃ dassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṃ bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi – ‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave , sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṃ katvā sudaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ namassati. Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“那些困在腐臭身体中的人,才应礼敬你,
他们沉没于死尸之中,饱受饥渴的逼迫。
“瓦萨瓦,你何故羡慕那些无家者?
请讲述这些圣者的行仪,我们愿聆听你所说的话语。”
“摩得利,我正因此而羡慕那些无家者:
他们从村庄离去时,心无牵挂,坦然前行。
“他们不贮藏于仓库,不积蓄于瓦罐,也不存放于篮筐;
这些善持戒者,求取他人已备之食,依此存活。
“这些贤者善于审虑,言语充满智慧;他们默然寂静,行止平和。
摩得利啊!天众与阿修罗相争,人间凡夫也彼此争斗。
“在敌对者中,他们不怀敌意;在执持刀杖者中,他们清凉寂静。
于执取者中无所执取,摩得利啊,我礼敬这些人。”
“帝释天神啊,你所礼敬的,据说确是世间最上者;
帝释天神啊,你所礼敬的,我也礼敬他们。”
“说罢此言,摩伽婆,天王、苏阇之夫
礼敬比丘僧团后,身为首领的他登上了车乘。”
‘‘Tañhi ete namasseyyuṃ, pūtidehasayā narā; Nimuggā kuṇapamhete, khuppipāsasamappitā. ‘‘Kiṃ nu tesaṃ pihayasi, anāgārāna vāsava; Ācāraṃ isinaṃ brūhi, taṃ suṇoma vaco tavā’’ti. ‘‘Etaṃ tesaṃ pihayāmi, anāgārāna mātali; Yamhā gāmā pakkamanti, anapekkhā vajanti te. ‘‘Na tesaṃ koṭṭhe openti, na kumbhi na kaḷopiyaṃ ; Paraniṭṭhitamesānā , tena yāpenti subbatā. ‘‘Sumantamantino dhīrā, tuṇhībhūtā samañcarā; Devā viruddhā asurehi, puthu maccā ca mātali. ‘‘Aviruddhā viruddhesu, attadaṇḍesu nibbutā; Sādānesu anādānā, te namassāmi mātalī’’ti. ‘‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṃ, ye tvaṃ sakka namassasi; Ahampi te namassāmi, ye namassasi vāsavā’’ti. ‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna maghavā, devarājā sujampati; Bhikkhusaṅghaṃ namassitvā, pamukho rathamāruhī’’ti.
三则天众经已说,以及贫困与愉悦;
供奉与礼敬,三则帝释礼敬篇。
Devā pana tayo vuttā, daliddañca rāmaṇeyyakaṃ; Yajamānañca vandanā, tayo sakkanamassanāti.