6. 善意佛品释
6. Sumanabuddhavaṃsavaṇṇanā
如此,当彼世尊以一击令一万世界界域顿时陷入一片黑暗而般涅槃后,在后来的时期,人类的寿命逐渐从九万岁减少到十岁,然后又逐渐增长,一直达到无数岁,再次减少到人寿九万岁时,一位名为善意的菩萨圆满了一切波罗蜜,投生到兜率天。他从那里死后,在梅卡拉城善授王的家族中,入于祥光天后的母胎,取结生。种种稀有之事的方式,与前面所述相同。
Evaṃ ekappahāreneva dasasahassilokadhātuṃ ekandhakāraṃ katvā tasmiṃ bhagavati parinibbute tassa aparabhāge navutivassasahassāyukesu manussesu anukkamena parihāyitvā dasavassesu jātesu puna vaḍḍhitvā anukkamena asaṅkhyeyyāyukā hutvā puna parihāyitvā navutivassasahassāyukesu jātesu sumano nāma bodhisatto pāramiyo pūretvā tusitapure nibbattitvā tato cavitvā mekhalanagare sudattassa nāma rañño kule sirimāya nāma deviyā kucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ aggahesi. Pāṭihāriyāni pubbe vuttanayāneva.
他渐渐长大成人,在三座分别名为祥增、月增、瑞增的宫殿中,由六万三千名舞女侍奉,犹如受天女围绕的天子一般,享受了九千年天乐般的欲乐。他令名为花冠的天后生下了无与伦比、名叫无上的儿子。出四门见四相后,他乘坐象车出家,成为沙门。在他出家之时,有三十俱胝人随他出家。
So anukkamena vuddhippatto sirivaḍḍhanasomavaḍḍhanaiddhivaḍḍhananāmadheyyesu tīsu pāsādesu tesaṭṭhiyā nāṭakitthisatasahassehi paricāriyamāno surayuvatīhi paricāriyamāno devakumāro viya navavassasahassāni dibbasukhasadisaṃ visayasukhamanubhavamāno vaṭaṃsikāya nāma deviyā anupamaṃ nāma nirupamaṃ puttaṃ janetvā cattāri nimittāni disvā hatthiyānena nikkhamitvā pabbaji. Taṃ pana pabbajantaṃ tiṃsakoṭiyo anupabbajiṃsu.
他由这些眷属围绕着,精勤修行了十个月。在卫塞月满月日,于阿努摩村,他受用了大富翁阿努摩的女儿——名为阿努跋摩所供养的、掺入天界美食的乳粥。他在娑罗林中度过午休,随后从阿努跋摩活命者手中接过八把草,来到龙菩提树前,右绕那棵树,用八把草铺成三十肘宽的草座,在那里结跏趺坐。之后,他摧破魔军,证悟一切知智,并诵出感兴偈:‘经多生轮回……我已觉爱欲之尽。’(《法句经》153-154)。
So tehi parivuto dasamāse padhānacariyaṃ caritvā visākhapuṇṇamāya anomanigame anomaseṭṭhino dhītāya anupamāya nāma dinnaṃ pakkhittadibbojaṃ pāyāsaṃ paribhuñjitvā sālavane divāvihāraṃ vītināmetvā anupamājīvakena dinnā aṭṭha tiṇamuṭṭhiyo gahetvā nāgabodhiṃ upagantvā taṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā aṭṭhahi tiṇamuṭṭhīhi tiṃsahatthavitthataṃ tiṇasantharaṃ katvā tattha pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisīdi. Tato mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhitvā – ‘‘anekajātisaṃsāraṃ…pe… taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti (dha. pa. 153-154) udānaṃ udānesi. Tena vuttaṃ –
在吉祥佛之后,有位名为善意的导师;
他于一切法无可比拟,是一切众生中的最上者。
‘‘Maṅgalassa aparena, sumano nāma nāyako; Sabbadhammehi asamo, sabbasattānamuttamo’’ti.
其中,“于吉祥佛之后”是指吉祥世尊之后的时期。“于一切法无可比拟”是指:在戒、定、慧等一切法上,他无可比拟,无与伦比。
Tattha maṅgalassa aparenāti maṅgalassa bhagavato aparabhāge. Sabbadhammehi asamoti sabbehipi sīlasamādhipaññādhammehi asamo asadiso.
据说,善意世尊在菩提树边度过七周后,为说法故,接受了梵天的劝请。他思惟:“我当先为谁说法?”接着,他观见随自己一同出家的三十拘胝人,以及同父异母的弟弟皈依王子和国师之子有修青年——他们都具备引导的因缘,于是心想:“我应先为这些人说法。”随后,他如雁王一般,从空中降入梅卡拉园。他派园丁召来自己的异母弟皈依王子与国师之子有修青年,以及他们的七十拘胝眷属、随自己出家的三十拘胝人,还有无数百千拘胝的天神与人类,合为百千拘胝的大众。他转动法轮,令他们饮用了不死法味。因此说道:
Sumano kira bhagavā bodhisamīpeyeva sattasattāhāni vītināmetvā dhammadesanatthaṃ brahmāyācanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā – ‘‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.72; ma. ni. 1.284; 2.341; mahāva. 10) upadhārento attanā saha pabbajitānaṃ tiṃsakoṭiyo ca attano kaniṭṭhabhātikaṃ vemātikaṃ saraṇakumārañca purohitaputtaṃ bhāvitattamāṇavakañca upanissayasampanne disvā – ‘‘etesaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’’nti cintetvā haṃsarājā viya gaganapathena mekhaluyyāne otaritvā uyyānapālaṃ pesetvā attano kaniṭṭhabhātikaṃ saraṇakumārañca purohitaputtaṃ bhāvitattakumārañca pakkosāpetvā tesaṃ parivārabhūtā sattatiṃsakoṭiyo attanā saha pabbajitā tiṃsakoṭiyo ca aññe ca bahū devamanussakoṭiyo cāti evaṃ koṭisatasahassaṃ dhammacakkappavattanena dhammāmataṃ pāyesi. Tena vuttaṃ –
那时,他在梅卡拉城擂响了不死之鼓;
与法螺相配合的,即是胜者的九分教。
‘‘Tadā amatabheriṃ so, āhanī mekhale pure; Dhammasaṅkhasamāyuttaṃ, navaṅgaṃ jinasāsana’’nti.
其中,“不死鼓”是指为了证得不死、证得涅槃而击打的鼓。“击打”意为敲击、击响,也就是宣说教法。这名为“不死鼓”的,本身就是以不死为归趣的九分教佛语。因此他说:“与法螺相配合的,正是胜者九分教。”其中,“配合法螺”是指与宣说四圣谛的殊胜法螺音相连。
Tattha amatabherinti amatādhigamāya nibbānādhigamāya bheriṃ. Āhanīti vādayi, dhammaṃ desesīti attho. Sāyaṃ amatabherī nāma amatapariyosānaṃ navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. Tenevāha – ‘‘dhammasaṅkhasamāyuttaṃ, navaṅgaṃ jinasāsana’’nti. Tattha dhammasaṅkhasamāyuttanti catusaccadhammakathāsaṅkhavarasamāyuttaṃ.
那位名为善意的世间导师,证得正自觉后,依誓愿奉行,为令大众从有的束缚中解脱,为保护被烦恼贼劫夺的善宝,建立了一座不死胜城:以广大戒为城墙,以定为环绕的护城河,以观智为城门,以念与正知为坚固的门扉,以等至的殿堂等为庄严,充满了菩提分法的大众。因此说道:
Sumano pana lokanāyako abhisambodhiṃ pāpuṇitvā paṭiññānurūpaṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipajjamāno mahājanassa bhavabandhanamokkhatthāya kusalaratanassa kilesacorehi viluppamānassa parittānatthaṃ sīlavipulapākāraṃ samādhiparikhāparivāritaṃ vipassanāñāṇadvāraṃ satisampajaññadaḷhakavāṭaṃ samāpattimaṇḍapādipaṭimaṇḍitaṃ bodhipakkhiyajanasamākulaṃ amatavaranagaraṃ māpesi. Tena vuttaṃ –
他征服了烦恼,证得无上正觉;
导师建造了无比殊胜的正法之城。”
‘‘Nijjinitvā kilese so, patvā sambodhimuttamaṃ; Māpesi nagaraṃ satthā, saddhammapuravaruttama’’nti.
此处,“征服”(nijjinitvā)指战胜、克服,即摧破了烦恼魔、行魔与天子魔的意思。“他”(so)指那位法喜充满的世尊。另有一种读法为“征服烦恼后”(Vijinitvā kilese hi),其中的“hi”字仅是填充语句的助词。“证得”(patvā)指达到、获得。也有读作“已证得”(patto)的。“城”(nagaraṃ)指涅槃城。“无上胜妙正法城”(saddhammapuravaruttamaṃ):意指此城即是正法本身,于一切胜妙城中最为无上、最为殊胜、最为顶尖。或者可理解为:在种种由正法所成的胜妙城中,它是无上的,故称无上胜妙正法城。若取前一种释义,则“城”即是正法的同义词。对于已通达法性的有学圣者与无学圣者,涅槃是他们立足的根基,是他们行境所依的住处,因此称为“城”。而在那座正法胜妙之城中,导师建造了一条无间断、不弯曲、正直且广大宽阔的、由念处构成的大道。因此以下说道:
Tattha nijjinitvāti vijinitvā abhibhuyya, kilesābhisaṅkhāradevaputtamāre viddhaṃsetvāti attho . Soti so sumano bhagavā. ‘‘Vijinitvā kilese hī’’tipi pāṭho. Tattha hi-kāro padapūraṇamatte nipāto. Patvāti adhigantvā. ‘‘Patto’’tipi pāṭho. Nagaranti nibbānanagaraṃ. Saddhammapuravaruttamanti saddhammasaṅkhātaṃ puravaresu uttamaṃ seṭṭhaṃ padhānabhūtaṃ. Atha vā saddhammamayesu puresu pavaresu uttamaṃ saddhammapuravaruttamaṃ. Purimasmiṃ atthavikappe ‘‘nagara’’nti tasseva vevacananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paṭividdhadhammasabhāvānaṃ sekkhāsekkhānaṃ ariyapuggalānaṃ patiṭṭhānaṃ gocaranivāsaṭṭhena nibbānaṃ ‘‘nagara’’nti vuccati. Tasmiṃ pana saddhammavaranagare so satthā avicchinnaṃ akuṭilaṃ ujuṃ puthulañca vitthatañca satipaṭṭhānamayaṃ mahāvīthiṃ māpesi. Tena vuttaṃ –
“无间断、不弯曲、正直、广大而宽阔,
他建造了那条大道——最胜无上的念处。
‘‘Nirantaraṃ akuṭilaṃ, ujuṃ vipulavitthataṃ; Māpesi so mahāvīthiṃ, satipaṭṭhānavaruttama’’nti.
其中,“无间”:由于善速行心转起时无有间隔,故称无间。“不曲”:因远离导致弯曲的过失,故称不曲。“正直”:正因不曲,故为正直。此语阐明了前句之义。“广大且宽阔”:于纵向与横向上,皆宽广舒展。此广大宽阔之义,应依世间与出世间的念处来理解。“大道”:即大路。“最胜无上的念处”:既是念处,又于诸胜法中最为无上,故称最胜无上的念处;或可解释为:由念处所构成的无上殊胜大道。
Tattha nirantaranti kusalajavanasañcaraṇānantarabhāvato nirantaraṃ. Akuṭilanti kuṭilabhāvakaradosavirahitato akuṭilaṃ. Ujunti akuṭilattāva ujuṃ. Purimapadasseva atthadīpakamidaṃ vacanaṃ. Vipulavitthatanti āyāmato ca vitthārato ca puthulavitthataṃ, puthulavitthatabhāvo lokiyalokuttarasatipaṭṭhānavasena daṭṭhabbo. Mahāvīthinti mahāmaggaṃ. Satipaṭṭhānavaruttamanti satipaṭṭhānañca taṃ varesu uttamañcāti satipaṭṭhānavaruttamaṃ. Atha vā varaṃ satipaṭṭhānamayaṃ uttamavīthinti attho.
进而,于那座涅槃大城的此念处大道上,世尊在道路两侧、法之商铺中,陈列出四沙门果、四无碍解、六神通、八等至这些极其珍贵的宝物。因此说道:
Idāni tassa nibbānamahānagarassa tassaṃ satipaṭṭhānavīthiyaṃ cattāri sāmaññaphalāni catasso paṭisambhidā cha abhiññā aṭṭha samāpattiyoti imāni mahaggharatanāni ubhosu passesu dhammāpaṇe pasāresi. Tena vuttaṃ –
四种沙门果,四种无碍解;
于街道上展现了六神通与八等至。
‘‘Phale cattāri sāmaññe, catasso paṭisambhidā; Chaḷabhiññāṭṭhasamāpattī, pasāresi tattha vīthiya’’nti.
如今,世尊为说明那些不放逸、具念、明智,且成就惭、愧、精进等功德的人,如何受持这些法宝,而开示:
Idāni bhagavā imāni ratanabhaṇḍāni ye pana appamattā satimanto paṇḍitā hiriottappavīriyādīhi samannāgatā, te ādīyantīti tesaṃ ratanānaṃ haraṇūpāyaṃ dassento –
那些不放逸、心无荒芜,成就惭与精进的人,
他们随心所乐,取用这些殊胜的功德。
‘‘Ye appamattā akhilā, hirivīriyehupāgatā; Te te ime guṇavare, ādiyanti yathāsukha’’nti. – āha;
此处,「ye」(那些)是不定指示(泛指)。「Appamattā」(不放逸者):即具足不放逸。不放逸是放逸的对立面,其特征为与正念不相离。「Akhilā」(无荒芜者):指远离了五种心荒芜。「Hirivīriyehupāgatā」(以惭与精进成就者):对身恶行等感到羞耻,故称为‘惭’,这是惭的同义词;英雄的状态即‘精进’,以勇猛为特征。依靠此惭与精进而成就、具足者,称为堪能者。「Te」:这是对前面不定指示的确定指示。再者,「te」(这些)指那些具足前面所说功德宝殊胜的善男子们,他们取用、获得、证得这些功德。然而,这一切是善逝在成就他心智之后,击打法鼓、建立法城,以此方式首先令十万俱胝众生证悟。因此说:
Tattha yeti aniyamuddeso. Appamattāti pamādassa paṭipakkhabhūtena satiyā avippavāsalakkhaṇena appamādena samannāgatā. Akhilāti pañcacetokhilarahitā. Hirivīriyehupāgatāti kāyaduccaritādīhi hirīyatīti hirī, lajjāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vīrassa bhāvo vīriyaṃ, taṃ ussāhalakkhaṇaṃ. Tehi hirivīriyehi upāgatā samannāgatā bhabbapuggalā. Teti idaṃ pubbe aniyamuddesassa niyamuddeso. Puna teti vuttappakāre guṇaratanavisese te kulaputtā ādiyanti paṭilabhanti adhigacchantīti attho. Sabbaṃ pana sumano bhagavā kataviditamano dhammabheriṃ āhanitvā dhammanagaraṃ māpetvā iminā nayena paṭhamameva satasahassakoṭiyo bodhesi. Tena vuttaṃ –
以此方式,拔济大众,
导师最初令十万俱胝众生觉悟。”
‘‘Evametena yogena, uddharanto mahājanaṃ; Bodhesi paṭhamaṃ satthā, koṭisatasahassiyo’’ti.
其中,“uddharanto”(拔济者):指以圣道之船,从轮回大海中救拔众生。“Koṭisatasahassiyo”(十万俱胝):即“百千俱胝”之意,此处为倒置表述。
Tattha uddharantoti saṃsārasāgarato ariyamagganāvāya samuddharanto. Koṭisatasahassiyoti satasahassakoṭiyoti attho. Vipariyāyena niddiṭṭhaṃ.
然而,当善意佛陀——这位世间导师,在苏难达城的芒果树下,为了摧折外道的骄慢而示现双神变,令无量众生得饮法甘露。这是第二次现观。因此这么说:
Yadā pana sumano lokanāyako sunandavatīnagare ambarukkhamūle titthiyamadamānamaddanaṃ yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ katvā sattānaṃ koṭisahassaṃ dhammāmataṃ pāyesi. Ayaṃ dutiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
在那时,大雄教诫外道众,
第二次说法时,千万亿众生证悟于法。
‘‘Yamhi kāle mahāvīro, ovadī titthiye gaṇe; Koṭisahassā bhisamiṃsu, dutiye dhammadesane’’ti.
其中,「外道众」是指成为外道的群体,或在外道之众中;有些诵者则读作:「摧伏外道,佛陀说法」。
Tattha titthiye gaṇeti titthiyabhūte gaṇe, titthiyānaṃ gaṇe vā ‘‘titthiye abhimaddanto, buddho dhammamadesayī’’ti paṭhanti keci.
当十千轮围世界的天众都聚集到这个轮围世界,并与人间大众一同发起了关于「灭尽」的谈论——“如何入灭尽定?如何住于灭尽定?如何从灭尽定出定?”——如是对于入定、决意、出定等不能作出决断,他们便与人类一起,六欲天众及九梵天的梵众都生起疑惑,分为两派。当时,有一位名为阿林达玛的英俊人王,在傍晚时分带着此疑惑,前往具足十力、为一切世间怙主的善意佛座前。到达之后,阿林达玛王便向世尊请问灭尽的问题。世尊解答了灭尽的问题后,有九万亿众生得以现观法。这是第三次现观。因此这样说:
Yadā pana dasasu cakkavāḷasahassesu devatā imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe sannipatitvā manussā ca nirodhakathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesuṃ – ‘‘kathaṃ nirodhaṃ samāpajjanti, kathaṃ nirodhasamāpannā honti, kathaṃ nirodhā vuṭṭhahantī’’ti? Evaṃ samāpajjanaadhiṭṭhānavuṭṭhānādīsu vinicchayaṃ kātuṃ asakkontā saha manussehi chasu kāmāvacaradevalokesu devā ca navasu brahmalokesu brahmāno ca dveḷhakajātā dvidhā ahesuṃ. Tato narasundarena arindamena nāma raññā saddhiṃ sāyanhasamaye sumanadasabalaṃ sabbalokanāthaṃ upasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā arindamo rājā bhagavantaṃ nirodhapañhaṃ pucchi. Tato bhagavatā nirodhapañhe vissajjite navutipāṇakoṭisahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Ayaṃ tatiyo abhisamayo ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
当诸天与众人,和合而同心时,
他们请问了灭尽的问题,心中亦存疑惑。
‘‘Yadā devā manussā ca, samaggā ekamānasā; Nirodhapañhaṃ pucchiṃsu, saṃsayaṃ cāpi mānasaṃ.
那时,于开示法、阐明灭尽之际,
九万亿众生,成就了第三次现观。
‘‘Tadāpi dhammadesane, nirodhaparidīpane; Navutikoṭisahassānaṃ, tatiyābhisamayo ahū’’ti.
再者,善意世尊曾有三次声闻弟子的集会。其中,第一次集会:世尊依麦伽罗城入雨安居,于雨安居后的首次自恣时,与一千万亿由善来比丘方式出家、证得阿罗汉的比丘们一起行自恣。这是第一次集会。之后,又一时,在距离桑伽沙城不远处,有座由阿林达玛王的善业化现、方圆一由旬的金山。世尊坐在这金山上,犹如秋日璀璨的太阳升至持双山顶。这位牟尼至尊如同日轮,调伏了聚集在阿林达玛王身边的九万亿人,并以善来比丘方式令他们全部出家。就在同一天,世尊被这些已证阿罗汉果的比丘们所围绕,在具足四支的集会中诵持了巴帝摩卡。这是第二次集会。当帝释天王前来拜见善逝时,善意世尊被八千万亿阿罗汉所围绕,诵持了巴帝摩卡。这是第三次集会。因此这样说:
Tassa pana sumanassa bhagavato tayo sāvakasannipātā ahesuṃ. Tattha paṭhamasannipāte mekhalanagaraṃ upanissāya vassaṃ vasitvā paṭhamapavāraṇāya arahantānaṃ koṭisahassena ehibhikkhupabbajjāya pabbajitena saddhiṃ bhagavā pavāresi, ayaṃ paṭhamo sannipāto ahosi. Athāparena samayena saṅkassanagarassāvidūre arindamarājakusalabalanibbatte yojanappamāṇe kanakapabbate nisinno saradasamayarucirakaranikaro divasakaro viya yugandharapabbate munivaradivasakaro arindamarājānaṃ parivāretvā āgatānaṃ purisānaṃ navutikoṭisahassāni dametvā sabbe ehibhikkhupabbajjāya pabbājetvā tasmiṃyeva divase arahattaṃ pattehi bhikkhūhi parivuto caturaṅgasamannāgate sannipāte pātimokkhaṃ uddisi. Ayaṃ dutiyo sannipāto ahosi. Yadā pana sakko devarājā sugatadassanatthāya upasaṅkami, tadā sumano bhagavā asītiyā arahantakoṭisahassehi parivuto pātimokkhaṃ uddisi, ayaṃ tatiyo sannipāto ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ –
‘‘Sannipātā tayo āsuṃ, sumanassa mahesino; Khīṇāsavānaṃ vimalānaṃ, santacittāna tādinaṃ.
世尊度过雨安居,于自恣之日;
如来与百千俱胝比丘一同行了自恣。
‘‘Vassaṃvuṭṭhassa bhagavato, abhighuṭṭhe pavāraṇe; Koṭisatasahassehi, pavāresi tathāgato.
此后,在无垢金山,又有一次集会;
第二次集会,与会者有九万俱胝。
‘‘Tato paraṃ sannipāte, vimale kañcanapabbate; Navutikoṭisahassānaṃ, dutiyo āsi samāgamo.
尔时,帝释天王为见佛陀前来,
第三次集会,有八十俱胝千位。
‘‘Yadā sakko devarājā, buddhadassanupāgami; Asītikoṭisahassānaṃ, tatiyo āsi samāgamo’’ti.
此处,「abhighuṭṭhe pavāraṇe」应视为语法性别的颠倒,意思是“在已宣告的自恣之时”。「Tato paraṃ」指“此后”。「Kañcanapabbate」指在黄金所成的山上。「Buddhadassanupāgamīti」意为“为见佛而往”。据说,那时我们的菩萨是名叫阿图罗的龙王,具大神力、大威力。他听闻“佛陀出现于世间”,便由亲属们围绕,从自己的龙宫出来,向被百千俱胝比丘围绕的善意世尊,以天界乐器作供养,并行大布施,向每位比丘供养一对染色布衣,随后皈依三宝。那位导师也为他授记说:“你于未来将成为佛陀。”因此,他说:
Tattha abhighuṭṭhe pavāraṇeti liṅgavipallāso daṭṭhabbo, abhighuṭṭhāya pavāraṇāyāti attho. Tatoparanti tato aparabhāge. Kañcanapabbateti kanakamaye pabbate. Buddhadassanupāgamīti buddhadassanatthamupāgami. Tadā kira amhākaṃ bodhisatto atulo nāma nāgarājā ahosi mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo. So ‘‘loke buddho uppanno’’ti sutvā ñātigaṇaparivuto sakabhavanā nikkhamitvā koṭisatasahassabhikkhuparivārassa sumanassa bhagavato dibbehi turiyehi upahāraṃ kāretvā mahādānaṃ pavattetvā paccekadussayugāni datvā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāsi. Sopi naṃ satthā ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ –
那时,我是具大神力的龙王,
名为阿图罗,善法广积聚。
‘‘Ahaṃ tena samayena, nāgarājā mahiddhiko; Atulo nāma nāmena, ussannakusalasañcayo.
当时,我从龙宫出来,与亲族们一同;
我用天乐供养佛陀与僧团。
‘‘Tadāhaṃ nāgabhavanā, nikkhamitvā sañātibhi; Nāgānaṃ dibbaturiyehi, sasaṅghaṃ jinamupaṭṭhahiṃ.
‘‘Koṭisatasahassānaṃ , annapānena tappayiṃ;
供养一对染色布衣后,我便皈依了他。
Paccekadussayugaṃ datvā, saraṇaṃ tamupāgamiṃ.
世间导师善意佛也为我授记:
于无量劫后,此位将成为佛陀。
‘‘Sopi maṃ buddho byākāsi, sumano lokanāyako; Aparimeyyito kappe, ayaṃ buddho bhavissati.
「精进努力」:即付出精进努力之后……「我们将当面遇到这一位」,意思是我们将亲自面见这位佛陀。
‘‘Padhānaṃ padahitvāna…pe… hessāma sammukhā imaṃ’’.
应如同在憍陈如佛的种姓中所叙述的那样,详细展开这八首偈颂。
Yathā koṇḍaññabuddhavaṃse, evaṃ aṭṭha gāthā vitthāretabbāti.
听了他的话语之后,我心愈加明净信乐:听了彼世尊的话语后,我的心变得比先前更明净,生起了更深的信心与欢喜。
更立上愿,为圆满十种波罗蜜:我进而立下了更高的誓愿,为圆满十波罗蜜。
‘‘Tassāpi vacanaṃ sutvā, bhiyyo cittaṃ pasādayiṃ; Uttariṃ vatamadhiṭṭhāsiṃ, dasapāramipūriyā’’ti.
而对于那位善意世尊,他的都城名为麦伽罗,父为国王须达多,母为王妃尸利摩,两位上首弟子是萨罗诺与巴维塔托,侍者名为优提那,两位上首比丘尼是输那与优波输那,菩提树为榕树,佛身高达九十肘,寿命正好九万岁,王后名华鬘,王子名无匹,他是乘象车出家的。侍者是名为鸯伽的国王。佛陀住于鸯伽林。因此这样说道。
Tassa pana sumanassa bhagavato mekhalaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, sudatto nāma rājā pitā, sirimā nāma devī mātā, saraṇo ca bhāvitatto ca dve aggasāvakā, udeno nāmupaṭṭhāko, soṇā ca upasoṇā ca dve aggasāvikā, nāgarukkho bodhi, navutihatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ, navutiyeva vassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi, vaṭaṃsikā nāmassa mahesī devī, anūpamo nāma putto ahosi, hatthiyānena nikkhami. Upaṭṭhāko aṅgarājā. Aṅgārāme vasīti. Tena vuttaṃ –
有一座名为“麦伽罗”的城市,城中有位刹帝利,名叫“须达多”。
‘‘Nagaraṃ mekhalaṃ nāma, sudatto nāma khattiyo; Sirimā nāma janikā, sumanassa mahesino.
有三座最上等的宫殿:「月宫」(Canda)、「善月宫」(Sucanda)和「华鬘宫」(Vaṭaṃsa)。
‘‘Navavassasahassāni, agāraṃ ajjha so vasi; Cando sucando vaṭaṃso ca, tayo pāsādamuttamā.
‘‘Tesaṭṭhisatasahassāni, nāriyo samalaṅkatā; Vaṭaṃsikā nāma nārī, anūpamo nāma atrajo.
‘‘Nimitte caturo disvā, hatthiyānena nikkhami; Anūnadasamāsāni, padhānaṃ padahī jino.
应梵天之劝请,寂静者、善意者、世间导师——
大雄于麦伽罗最上城转起法轮。
‘‘Brahmunā yācito santo, sumano lokanāyako; Vatti cakkaṃ mahāvīro, mekhale puramuttame.
‘‘Saraṇo bhāvitatto ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvakā; Udeno nāmupaṭṭhāko, sumanassa mahesino.
输那与优波输那两位比丘尼,成为了那位佛陀的上首女弟子;
那位拥有无量名声的佛陀,在龙树下觉悟。
‘‘Soṇā ca upasoṇā ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvikā; Sopi buddho amitayaso, nāgamūle abujjhatha.
‘‘Varuṇo ceva saraṇo ca, ahesuṃ aggupaṭṭhakā; Cālā ca upacālā ca, ahesuṃ aggupaṭṭhikā.
以其高耸的身量,这位佛陀身高达九十肘;
“犹如熔炼的纯金焕发光芒”,他的光明遍照十千世界。
‘‘Uccattanena so buddho, navutihatthamuggato; Kañcanagghiyasaṅkāso, dasasahassī virocati.
「寿命九万年」(navutivassasahassāni),在那时期他拥有这样的寿命;
他住世如此之久,度脱了众多众生。
‘‘Navutivassasahassāni, āyu vijjati tāvade; Tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.
应度脱者,他令其度脱;应觉悟者,他令其觉悟;
正自觉者入般涅槃,犹如月王隐没。
‘‘Tāraṇīye tārayitvā, bodhanīye ca bodhayi; Parinibbāyi sambuddho, uḷurājāva atthami.
那些漏尽的比丘们,与那位无与伦比的佛陀;
示现了无与伦比的光明之后,这些大名闻者便寂灭了。
‘‘Te ca khīṇāsavā bhikkhū, so ca buddho asādiso; Atulappabhaṃ dassayitvā, nibbutā te mahāyasā.
那智慧无可比拟,那些珍宝亦无可比拟;
这一切都已消失,诸行岂非空无?
‘‘Tañca ñāṇaṃ atuliyaṃ, tāni ca atulāni ratanāni; Sabbaṃ tamantarahitaṃ, nanu rittā sabbasaṅkhārā.
善意佛,名闻具足者,于鸯伽林入般涅槃;
就在那里,胜者的塔高四由旬。
‘‘Sumano yasadharo buddho, aṅgārāmamhi nibbuto; Tattheva tassa jinathūpo, catuyojanamuggato’’ti.
其中,“如金器般”:意谓容色光耀,如同种种宝石严饰的金器一般。“十千世界闪耀”:意思是,由于他的光明,十千世界也一同闪耀。“所应度者”:指应该被度化的人,也就是所谓“为度化之”,即一切佛陀所应化导的众生,这便是其含义。“如月王”:即如同月亮。“没”:即隐没。有些人读作“atthaṃ gato”,意为趣入隐没。“无等伦”:即无可比拟。“大名闻”:即具有伟大的名誉、声望和广大的随众。“那智”:即那一切知智。“无等等”:即无与伦比,无可比拟。其余各处文义皆明了。
Tattha kañcanagghiyasaṅkāsoti vividharatanavicittakañcanamayagghikasadisarūpasobho. Dasasahassī virocatīti tassa pabhāya dasasahassīpi lokadhātu virocatīti attho. Tāraṇīyeti tārayitabbe, tārayituṃ vutte sabbe buddhaveneyyeti attho. Uḷurājāvāti cando viya. Atthamīti atthaṅgato. Keci ‘‘atthaṃ gato’’ti paṭhanti. Asādisoti asadiso. Mahāyasāti mahākittisaddā mahāparivārā ca. Tañca ñāṇanti taṃ sabbaññutaññāṇañca. Atuliyanti atulyaṃ asadisaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.