41. 弥勒品
41. Metteyyavaggo
1. 提舍弥勒长老譬喻注释
1. Tissametteyyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
1第四十一品中的第一本行,即以‘依止山窟峰’等开篇的提舍弥勒长老本行。其中,他出家为苦行者后,将羚羊皮供养给莲花上世尊作为坐具,这便是其得名由来。其余内容,依文便易了知。
1. Ekacattālīsame vagge paṭhamāpadāne pabbhārakūṭaṃ nissāyātiādikaṃ tissametteyyattherassa apadānaṃ. Tattha tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā padumuttarassa bhagavato ajinacammaṃ nisīdanatthāya dinnameva nānaṃ. Sesaṃ apadānapāḷiyā suviññeyyamevāti.
2. 富那迦长老譬喻注释
2. Puṇṇakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā
29第二譬喻是具寿富那迦长老的譬喻,以“依靠山窟峰”等偈颂为始。此处,其不共之处在于:他曾于雪山为夜叉将军时,为已般涅槃的独觉佛举行火葬。其余内容,依文便易了知。
29. Dutiyāpadāne pabbhārakūṭaṃ nissāyātiādikaṃ āyasmato puṇṇakattherassa apadānaṃ. Tattha himavante yakkhasenāpati hutvā parinibbutassa paccekabuddhassa āḷahanakaraṇameva nānattaṃ. Sesaṃ pāṭhānusārena suviññeyyameva.
45第三譬喻是具寿梅塔古长老的譬喻,以“离雪山不远”等偈颂为首。其中,其特别之处在于:他曾在雪山附近的无忧山为苦行者,居于树叶屋中。见善慧正自觉者后,便取钵盛满熟酥,以为供养。其余所感福德之果,皆易理解;诸譬喻偈颂之义,同样清晰明了。
45. Tatiyāpadāne himavantassāvidūretiādikaṃ āyasmato mettaguttherassa apadānaṃ. Tattha himavantasamīpe asokapabbate so tāpaso hutvā paṇṇasālāyaṃ vasanto sumedhasambuddhaṃ disvā pattaṃ gahetvā sappipūraṇaṃ viseso. Sesaṃ puññaphalāni ca suviññeyyāneva. Apadānagāthānaṃ attho ca pākaṭoyeva.
72第四譬喻是具寿陶他咖长老的譬喻,以“有一条名为跋吉罗提的恒河”等句为始。此中,其不共之处在于:他曾生为婆罗门,见比丘们正渡跋吉罗提恒河,心生净信,遂令人建桥,供养以佛陀为上首的比丘僧团。那些阐明福德果报的偈颂,循其理趣便易了知。
72. Catutthāpadāne gaṅgā bhāgīrathī nāmātiādikaṃ āyasmato dhotakattherassa apadānaṃ. Tatrāpi brāhmaṇo hutvā bhāgīrathīgaṅgāya taramāne bhikkhū disvā pasannamānaso setuṃ kārāpetvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa niyyāditabhāvoyeva viseso. Puññaphalaparidīpanagāthānaṃ attho nayānusārena suviññeyyova.
100第五篇譬喻中,以“离雪山不远”等为首句的,是具寿优波斯婆长老的譬喻。他同样曾在过去诸佛处广积善行,于种种生命形态中集聚福业,作为转向涅槃的助缘。在莲花上佛世尊的时代,他出生于良家,待长成懂事明理,便舍弃在家生活,出家为仙人。在雪山见莲花上佛世尊后,他敷设草席,请世尊坐于其上,并以娑罗花作供养。此为其不共之行迹,其余经历则如前已说。
100. Pañcamāpadāne himavantassāvidūretiādikaṃ āyasmato upasivattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto gharāvāsaṃ pahāya isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavante padumuttaraṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā tiṇasantharaṃ santharitvā tattha nisinnassa bhagavato sālapupphapūjaṃ akāsīti ayaṃ viseso, sesamuttānameva.
161第六篇譬喻中,以“从前我为鹿猎人”等为首句的,是难陀迦长老的譬喻。据说,他在莲花上佛世尊的时代,曾是一只迦陵频伽鸟,以甘美鸣声右绕导师。后又投生为孔雀,对某位独觉佛所居的洞窟门前心生净信,一日三次以甘甜之音鸣唱。如此在种种生命形态中累积福德之后,于我们世尊的时代,他生于舍卫城的良家,取名难陀迦。在导师座下听闻教法后出家,修习观法,证得阿拉汉果。后来,他忆起自己过去所行之业,心中喜悦洋溢,为阐明昔时所行譬喻,说出“从前我为鹿猎人”等偈颂。其中,他的特色是:曾为独觉佛建造亭舍,并以莲花覆盖。
161. Chaṭṭhāpadāne migaluddo pure āsintiādikaṃ āyasmato nandakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle karavikasakuṇo hutvā madhurakūjitaṃ karonto satthāraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ akāsi. Aparabhāge mayūro hutvā aññatarassa paccekabuddhassa vasanaguhādvāre pasannamānaso divasassa tikkhattuṃ madhurena vassitaṃ vassi. Evaṃ tattha tattha bhave puññāni katvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle sāvatthiyaṃ kulagehe nibbatto nandakoti laddhanāmo satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento migaluddo pure āsintiādimāha. Tattha paccekabuddhassa maṇḍapaṃ katvā padumapupphehi chadanameva viseso.
183第七篇譬喻中,以“依靠山窟峰”等为首句的,是黑马咖长老的譬喻。他的独特之处在于:他也曾出家为仙人,住在雪山时,看见喜见佛世尊前来,便敷设宝石座,然后站立一旁。世尊坐下后,他取来约一罐之量的阎浮果供养。世尊为令他心生净信,便受用了此果。此为其特色。
183. Sattamāpadāne pabbhārakūṭaṃ nissāyātiādikaṃ āyasmato hemakattherassa apadānaṃ. Tatthāpi isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavante vasanto piyadassiṃ bhagavantaṃ upagataṃ disvā ratanamayaṃ pīṭhaṃ attharitvā aṭṭhāsi. Tattha nisinnassa kumbhamattaṃ jambuphalaṃ āharitvā adāsi. Bhagavā tassa cittappasādatthāya taṃ phalaṃ paribhuñji. Ettakameva viseso.
224第八篇譬喻中,以“曾为胜利王……”为开首的,是托黛雅长老的譬喻。其中,“曾为胜利王”的意思是:他自年少时起,在一切战斗中皆获胜,又因以四摄事感化、吸引民众,而成为名为“胜利”的国王。“于幢胜最上城”中,“幢”指旗帜。又或是指,城中为庄严而竖立的宝珠拱门,这些幢恒常竖立闪耀,故该城为“有幢”,称为“有幢城”。“城”即是以财富、粮食等满足一切人之意。有幢且最为殊胜,故称“最上之城”,因而名为“幢胜最上城”,就在那幢胜最上城中。“英勇具足精进”此句连接起来的意思是:无畏而精进圆满的胜利王所统治。就这样,他舍弃了那已如此的城市及一切财物车乘,进入雪山,出家为仙人,住于彼处,见到了善慧世尊,生起喜悦,便以旃檀作供养,这便是他的特色。
224. Aṭṭhamāpadāne rājāsi vijayo nāmātiādikaṃ āyasmato todeyyattherassa apadānaṃ. Tattha rājāsi vijayo nāmāti daharakālato paṭṭhāya sabbasaṅgāmesu jinato, catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṃ rañjanato allīyanato vijayo nāma rājā ahosīti attho. Ketumatīpuruttameti ketu vuccanti dhajapaṭākā. Atha vā nagarasobhanatthāya nagaramajjhe ussāpitaratanatoraṇāni, te ketū niccaṃ ussāpitā sobhayamānā assā atthīti ketumatī. Pūreti dhanadhaññehi sabbajanānaṃ mananti puraṃ. Ketumatī ca sā purañca seṭṭhaṭṭhena uttamañceti ketumatīpuruttamaṃ, tasmiṃ ketumatīpuruttame. Sūro vikkamasampannoti abhīto vīriyasampanno vijayo nāma rājā ajjhāvasīti sambandho. Itthaṃ bhūtaṃ purañca sabbavatthuvāhanañca chaḍḍetvā himavantaṃ pavisitvā isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā vasanto sumedhabhagavantaṃ disvā somanassaṃ uppādetvā candanena pūjākaraṇameva viseso.
276第九篇譬喻中,以“在汉舍卫城中……”为开首的,是阇都甘尼长老的譬喻。其中,他身为长者子,住于黄金殿中,具足五种欲功德而安住;并且所有地方的居民、通晓一切技艺者都前来侍奉他,这些是他的特色。
276. Navamāpadāne nagare haṃsavatiyātiādikaṃ āyasmato jatukaṇṇittherassa apadānaṃ . Tattha seṭṭhiputto hutvā suvaṇṇapāsāde vasanabhāvo ca pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samaṅgī hutvā vasanabhāvo ca sabbadesavāsīnaṃ sabbasippaviññūnañca āgantvā sevanabhāvo ca viseso.
330第十篇譬喻中,以“在雪山不远处……”为开首的,是优填王长老的譬喻。其中,他住在雪山附近,依止莲花山出家,作为仙人而住,取来莲花供养莲花上世尊,这便是他的特色。其余各处,意义明了。
330. Dasamāpadāne himavantassāvidūretiādikaṃ āyasmato udenattherassa apadānaṃ. Tattha himavantasamīpe padumapabbataṃ nissāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā vasantena padumuttarassa bhagavato padumapupphaṃ gahetvā pūjitabhāvova viseso. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.