31. 莲花须品
31. Padumakesaravaggo
1-10. 莲花须长老譬喻等的解释
1-10. Padumakesariyattheraapadānādivaṇṇanā
1-2“Isisaṅghe ahaṃ pubbe”(我曾于仙人众中)这一句,应这样连贯理解:我(ahaṃ)在过去(pubbe)圆满菩提资粮之时,于仙人众(isisaṅghe)——也就是独觉佛仙人的集会中,在他们附近(tesaṃ samīpe)的雪山(himavantapabbate),处在象种姓(mātaṅgahatthikule)里,是一头名为vāraṇa的暴戾大象(caṇḍahatthī)。因为它能遮止(vāreti)人及其他众生,所以称为vāraṇa;又或者,因为它以音声发出如鹤鸣般的吼叫,所以称为vāraṇa。“Mahesīnaṃ pasādena”(因诸大仙的净信)一句,意思是出于对诸独觉佛大仙们的净信心。“Paccekajinaseṭṭhesu, dhutarāgesu tādisū”(于诸辟支胜者、已离贪染者中)一句,意思是我面对那些不为世间法所动摇的诸独觉佛,撒落、倾洒了莲花蕊(padmakesaraṃ),也就是莲花花粉(padumareṇuṃ)。句子的关联应如此理解。
1-2. Ekatiṃsatime vagge paṭhamāpadāne isisaṅghe ahaṃ pubbeti ahaṃ pubbe bodhisambhārapūraṇakāle isisaṅghe paccekabuddhaisisamūhe tesaṃ samīpe himavantapabbate mātaṅgahatthikule vāraṇo caṇḍahatthī ahosinti sambandho. Manussādayo vāretīti vāraṇo, atha vā vācāya ravati koñcanādaṃ nadatīti vāraṇo. Mahesīnaṃ pasādenāti paccekabuddhamahesīnaṃ pasādena. Paccekajinaseṭṭhesu, dhutarāgesu tādisūti lokadhammehi niccalesu paccekabuddhesu padmakesaraṃ padumareṇuṃ okiriṃ avasiñcinti sambandho.
第二与第三譬喻,意义浅显易懂。
Dutiyatatiyāpadānāni uttānāni.
13-16“Mahābodhimaho ahū”(曾有大菩提庆典)一句,意思是:毗婆尸世尊那棵因承载四道智而得名“菩提”的树,曾举行过一次供养庆典。“Rukkhaṭṭhasseva sambuddho”(正自觉者犹如住于树中)一句,是说在供养菩提树时,聚集的大众觉得正自觉者、世间之最上者、人中之雄,仿佛就住于树中、站在树上一般显现出来。“Bhagavā tamhi samaye”(世尊于彼时)一句,意思是:在那供养菩提树之时,世尊由比丘僧团尊奉在前,为比丘僧团所围绕。“Vācāsabhimudīrayaṃ”(发出殊妙音声)一句,意思是:发出柔和、流畅、甘甜、殊胜的声音,宣说、阐明四圣谛而作开示。“Saṃkhittena ca desento”(以简略方式教导)一句,意思是:他随顺所教化的补特伽罗之意乐,时而以简略方式,时而以详细方式进行教导。“Vivaṭṭacchado”(已揭开覆盖者)一句,意思是:贪欲是覆盖,嗔怒是覆盖,愚痴是覆盖,一切烦恼都是覆盖——正如所说的这些覆
13-16. Catutthāpadāne mahābodhimaho ahūti vipassissa bhagavato catumaggañāṇādhārabhāvato ‘‘bodhī’’ti laddhanāmassa rukkhassa pūjā ahosīti attho. Rukkhaṭṭhasseva sambuddhoti assa bodhipūjāsamaye sannipatitassa mahājanassa sambuddho lokajeṭṭho narāsabho rukkhaṭṭho iva rukkhe ṭhito viya paññāyatīti attho. Bhagavā tamhi samayeti tasmiṃ bodhipūjākaraṇakāle bhagavā bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhato bhikkhusaṅghena parivuto. Vācāsabhimudīrayanti mudusiliṭṭhamadhurauttamaghosaṃ udīrayaṃ kathayanto nicchārento catusaccaṃ pakāsesi, desesīti attho. Saṃkhittenaca desentoti veneyyapuggalajjhāsayānurūpena desento saṃkhittena ca vitthārena ca desayīti attho. Vivaṭṭacchadoti rāgo chadanaṃ, doso chadanaṃ, moho chadanaṃ, sabbakilesā chadanā’’ti evaṃ vuttā chadanā vivaṭā ugghāṭitā viddhaṃsitā anenāti vivaṭṭacchado, sambuddho. Taṃ mahājanaṃ desanāvasena nibbāpesi pariḷāhaṃ vūpasamesīti attho. Tassāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvānāti tassa bhagavato desentassa dhammaṃ sutvā.
20“phalahattho apekkhavā”(手拿果实,心怀期待)这一句,意思是:见到毗婆尸世尊后,手拿甘甜的果实,心怀期待,不慌不忙,缓步走向静修处。
20. Pañcamāpadāne phalahattho apekkhavāti vipassiṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā madhurāni phalāni gahetvā apekkhavā aturito saṇikaṃ assamaṃ gañchinti attho.
第六与第七譬喻,其义浅明。
Chaṭṭhasattamāpadānāni uttānāneva.
40“niṭṭhite navakamme ca”(新建筑工程竣工时)这一句,意思是:当结界的新工程竣工时。“Anulepamadāsahaṃ”(我施涂覆)这一句,意思是:随后我施与了灰泥涂覆,也就是令人以灰泥进行涂敷。
40. Aṭṭhamāpadāne niṭṭhite navakamme cāti sīmāya navakamme niṭṭhaṃ gate sati. Anulepamadāsahanti anupacchā sudhālepaṃ adāsiṃ, sudhāya lepāpesinti attho.
第九与第十个譬喻,文义也同样浅显易懂。
Navamadasamāpadānāni uttānāniyevāti.