第5品 布萨品
5. Uposathavaggo
1-8. 简要布萨经等的注释
1-8. Saṃkhittūposathasuttādivaṇṇanā
41-4841-48. 第五品的第一经等不需要再说明。第六经(《相应部注》1.1.165)中说:它有五个部分,所以叫“五支”;五支本身就是“五支的”,指那件“五支的”乐器。大达达里鼓和维纳琴的特殊种类也只是绷紧的,所以加了“以皮革包裹的”这个限定语。单面乐器是罐鼓、大达达里鼓等;双面乐器是大鼓、小鼓等。被皮革包裹后绑紧,就是绷紧和张开。完全包裹的,说的是四角框鼓和帕纳瓦鼓等。牛面号等也应该归在这一类里。“竹管等”:通过“等”字把螺贝等也包括进来。“善敲击等”:指善敲击的象牙板、铜板、石板和木板敲击等。其中,善敲击就是象牙做的板;铜板是铜做的;石制并用铁片敲击发声的敲击板,就是石板和木板敲击。善调弦的:就是妥善准备好的。在量上:指不紧不松、适中的调弦程度。善巧的:就是熟练精通的人。他的熟练显现出来令人悦意,所以说“美好”。令染著:就是令生起贪染。确实喜爱:就是确实合意。不厌离:就是不排斥,因为能带来耳朵的快乐,所以成为可爱的东西。
41-48. Pañcamassa paṭhamādīsu natthi vattabbaṃ. Chaṭṭhe (saṃ. ni. ṭī. 1.1.165) pañca aṅgāni etassāti pañcaṅgaṃ, pañcaṅgameva pañcaṅgikaṃ, tassa pañcaṅgikassa. Mahatī daddarī vīṇāvisesopi ātatamevāti ‘‘cammapariyonaddhesū’’ti visesanaṃ kataṃ. Ekatalatūriyaṃ kumbhathunadaddarikādi. Ubhayatalaṃ bherimudiṅgādi. Cammapariyonaddhaṃ hutvā vinibaddhaṃ ātatavitataṃ. Sabbaso pariyonaddhaṃ nāma caturassaambaṇaṃ paṇavādi ca. Gomukhīādīnampi ettheva saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Vaṃsādīti ādi-saddena saṅkhādīnaṃ saṅgaho. Sammādīti sammatāḷakaṃsatāḷasilāsalākatāḷādi. Tattha sammatāḷaṃ nāma dantamayatāḷaṃ. Kaṃsatāḷaṃ lohamayaṃ. Silāmayaṃ ayopattena ca vādanatāḷaṃ silāsalākatāḷaṃ. Sumucchitassāti suṭṭhu paṭiyattassa. Pamāṇeti nātidaḷhanātisithilasaṅkhāte majjhime mucchanāpamāṇe. Chekoti paṭu paṭṭho. So cassa paṭubhāvo manoharoti āha ‘‘sundaro’’ti. Rañjetunti rāgaṃ uppādetuṃ. Khamatevāti rocateva. Na nibbindatīti na tajjeti, sotasukhabhāvato piyāyitabbova hoti.
不轻视丈夫:不抛弃丈夫,哪怕在心里也不渴望别的男人。勤奋者:具备奋起精进。不懈怠者:不懒惰。摄受眷属者:通过尊重等,以及在节日等场合应当送出的可意礼物等派遣方式,摄受眷属。这里“眷属”指丈夫和自己双方的亲属。所积集的:从事农耕、经商等后带回的财富。第七、第八(经)意义明显易懂。
Bhattāraṃ nātimaññatīti sāmikaṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ manasāpi na pattheti. Uṭṭhāhikāti uṭṭhānavīriyasampannā. Analasāti nikkosajjā. Saṅgahitaparijjanāti sammānanādīhi ceva chaṇādīsu pesetabba-piyabhaṇḍādipaṇṇākārapesanādīhi ca saṅgahitaparijanā. Idha parijano nāma sāmikassa ceva attano ca ñātijano. Sambhatanti kasivaṇijjādīni katvā ābhatadhanaṃ. Sattamaṭṭhamāni uttānatthāni.
第9至10经的注释:第一现世经等的解说
9-10. Paṭhamaidhalokikasuttādivaṇṇanā
49-5049-50. 第九经中,“为现世的胜利”:为了征服现世,为了战胜它。因为如果有人通过避开现世的不利而战胜它,并因此达成那个目标,这个人就被称为“为现世的胜利而修行”,因为他压制敌对者、成就自己的利益。因此说“这个世间已经奋发”。(这带来称赞,而这种称赞的带来,应当理解为通过名声之音,在现世使人们心生欢喜、变得容易被调伏。)“善加安排事务”:不耽误煮粥、做饭等时间,把每件事都妥善做好,就是善加安排事务。“为他世的胜利”:为了征服他世,为了战胜它。因为如果有人通过避开来世的不利而战胜它,并因此达成那个目标,这个人就被称为“为他世的胜利而修行”。其余各处都很清楚。
49-50. Navame idhalokavijayāyāti idhalokavijinanatthāya abhibhavatthāya. Yo hi diṭṭhadhammikaṃ anatthaṃ parivajjanavasena abhibhavati, tato eva tadatthaṃ sampādeti, so idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno nāma hoti paccatthikaniggaṇhanato sadatthasampādanato ca. Tenāha ‘‘ayaṃsa loko āraddho hotī’’ti. (Pasaṃsāvahato tayidaṃ pasaṃsāvahanaṃ kittisaddena idhaloke saddānaṃ cittatosanaviddheyyabhāvāpādanena ca hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.) Susaṃvihitakammantoti yāgubhattapacanakālādīni anatikkamitvā tassa tassa sādhukaṃ karaṇena suṭṭhu saṃvihitakammanto. Paralokavijayāyāti paralokassa vijinanatthāya abhibhavatthāya. Yo hi samparāyikaṃ anatthaṃ parivajjanavasena abhibhavati, tato eva tadatthaṃ sampādeti, so paralokavijayāya paṭipanno nāma hoti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānameva.
第二五十经
2. Dutiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ