一、名称与略说阐释——第一章
1. Saññāparibhāsāniddesa-paṭhamapariccheda
礼敬三宝
Ratanattayappaṇāma
礼敬那破除众生相续之暗者
礼敬那闪耀光辉的法,与放射光芒的牟尼王。
Nama’tthu jana santāna, tama santāna bhedino; Dhammu’jjalanta rucino, munindo’dāta rocino.
Piṅgalā’cariyādīhi, chandaṃ ya muditaṃ purā; Suddhamāgadhikānaṃ taṃ, na sādheti yathicchitaṃ .
Tato māgadhabhāsāya, mattā,vaṇṇa,vibhedanaṃ; Lakkhya lakkhaṇa saṃyuttaṃ, pasanna’ttha,pada,kkamaṃ.
此名‘已说’,依于世俗所乐;
我今开始,为令他们获得安乐的通达。
Idaṃ vuttodayaṃ nāma, lokiya’cchandanissitaṃ; Ārabhissa’mahaṃ dāni, tesaṃ sukhavibuddhiyā.
大众的约定想
Gaṇasaṅketasaññā
所有轻音,如‘glā’、‘mn’等,以及‘bhyā’等,中部则为重音‘ja’等。
处于中间和末尾的‘la’与‘ra’,在这八众之中,‘go’为重音,‘lo’为轻音。
Sabbaglā mnā,’digalahū, bhyā’,majjha’nta garū jasā; Majjha’ntalā ra,te’te’ṭṭha, gaṇā go garu,lo lahu.
‘bha’、‘ja’、‘sa’等一切轻音,此五众得以安立。
Bha,ja,sā sabbaga,lahū, pañci’me saṇṭhitā gaṇā; Ariyādimhi viññeyyā, gaṇo idha catu’kkalo.
重音节与轻音节的性质。
Garu,lahusarūpa
凡含复辅音等者、长音者、后接随韵者——为重音节;
重音、弯曲音、句足末音,或短音;其余为轻音节。具量度,正直。
Saṃyogā’di ca, dīgho ca, niggahītaparo ca, yo; Garu, vaṅko, pādanto,vā, rasso’ñño mattiko lu’ju.
在其他句足等连声的情形中,前置的为重重音节,
有时也应被理解为轻音节。其例如下:
Pare pādādisaṃyoge, yo pubbo garuka’kkharo; Lahu sa kvaci viññeyyo, tadudāharaṇaṃ yathā.
Dassanarasā’nubhāvane, nibaddhagedhā jinassa’yaṃ janatā;
Vimhayajananī意为‘产生惊骇的’;saññata意为‘善自制的’。此句意为:既令人惊异又善自制的行为,又怎能不令谁欢喜?
Vimhayajananī saññata, kriyā nu kaṃ nā’nurañjayati.
Viññeyyā lokato saññā, samuddo,su,rasādinaṃ; Pādoñeyyo catutthaṃ’so, padacchedo yatī bhave.
等、半等已述,复有不等,共为三种;
若一首偈颂四足就特征而言皆相等,则应知那便是‘等’体。
Sama,maḍḍhasamaṃ, vuttaṃ, visamaṃ cā’paraṃ tidhā; Samā lakkhaṇato pādā, cattāro yassa taṃ samaṃ.
若一偈颂的末足与第二足相同、第三足与首足相同,
此即半等;其余则是特征各异的足。
Yassa’ntimena dutiyo, tatiyenā’dimo samo; Ta’daḍḍhasama, maññaṃ tu, bhinna lakkhaṇa pādikaṃ.
Pāda’mekakkharā’rabbha, yāva chabbīsata’kkharā; Bhave pādehi taṃ chandaṃ, nānānāmo’ditaṃ tato.
而‘伽陀’一名,在别处亦复如是,乃此韵律之名称,已得阐明。
Daṇḍakā caṇḍavuṭṭhyā’di, pādehi chahi, tīhi tu; ‘Gāthā’ti ca paratthe’vaṃ, chando saññā pakāsitā.
Anantaro’ditaṃ ca’ñña, metaṃ sāmañña nāmato; ‘Gāthā’icceva niddiṭṭhaṃ, munindavacane pana.
Visesanāmato kiñci, gahetvā sabbatho’citaṃ; Dassayissāma’haṃ te’ttha, nāmānā’vi bhavissare.
如是,于名为《韵律开显》的韵律学中,此乃“名称与通则之阐释”。
Iti vuttodaye chandasi saññāparibhāsā niddeso nāma