4. 无间缘
4. Anantarapaccayo
什么是无间缘?在紧邻的前一刹那灭去的心与心所法的集合,即是无间缘。
Katamo anantarapaccayo. Anantare khaṇe niruddho citta cetasikadhammasamūho anantarapaccayo.
什么是无间缘的缘生法?在紧随的下一刹那生起的心与心所法的集合,即是该缘的缘生法。
Katamo dhammo anantarapaccayassa paccayuppanno. Pacchime anantare eva khaṇe uppanno cittacetasikadhammasamūho tassa paccayassa paccayuppanno.
应当这样说明:在一期生命中,结生心是第一个有分心的无间缘,第一个有分心是第二个有分心的无间缘,如是乃至后后。
Ekasmiṃ bhave paṭisandhicittaṃ paṭhamabhavaṅgacittassa anantara paccayo, paṭhama bhavaṅgacittaṃ dutiyabhavaṅgacittassa anantarapaccayotiādinā vattabbo.
然而,当如《法双论》中所说“净居天有情的第二不善心正在转起”时,依所述方式,该有情缘取自己新的自体,便生起与渴爱相应、渴求生命的贪俱行心,执取为“这是我的,这是我,这是我的自我”。那时,先是有分波动两次,接着意门转向心生起,随后七个渴求生命的速行生起,之后便落入有分阶段。
Yadā pana dhammayamake suddhāvāsānaṃ dutiye akusale citte vattamāneti vuttanayena tassa sattassa attano abhinavaṃ attabhāvaṃ ārabbha etaṃ mama esohamasmi eso me attāti pavattaṃ bhavanikantika taṇhāsahagatacittaṃ uppajjati. Tadā paṭhamaṃ dvikkhattuṃ bhavaṅgaṃ calati. Tato manodvārāvajjanacittaṃ uppajjati. Tato satta bhavanikantikajavanāni uppajjanti. Tato paraṃ bhavaṅgavāro.
再者,那时该有情对现在生的生命一无所知,只是忆念着自己过去生中所经历的所缘而住。然而,由于依处色极为羸弱,那所缘也是不清晰的。缘取它时,多数只是生起掉举俱行的心。
Api ca so satto tadā paccuppannabhave kiñci na jānāti, pubbabhave attanā anubhūtaṃ ārammaṇaṃ anussaramāno acchati. Vatthussa pana atidubbalattā tañca ārammaṇaṃ aparibyattameva hoti. Taṃ ārabbha uddhaccasahagatacittameva bahulaṃ pavattati.
当胎儿渐次长大,超过两个月时,眼等诸根便已完备。即便如此,由于母胎中缺少光明等缘,眼识等四种识不会生起,唯有身识和意识生起。该有情在母亲变换威仪等时,经历诸多苦忧;在分娩时,更遭剧苦。出生之后,只要依处色还柔软、未达成熟,他便极为羸弱,仰卧而住。他不能识别任何现世的所缘,他的心识大多只是随顺过去生。若他从地狱生来,便多有丑陋之容;缘取过去的地狱所缘,刹那刹那间,他的面容便显得丑陋。若他从天界来,缘取天界的所缘,便多有明净之容,刹那刹那间,他的面容便显现微笑。
Yadā gabbho thokaṃ vaḍḍhamāno hoti atirekadvemāsaṃ gato, tadā cakkhādīni indriyāni paripuṇṇāni honti. Evaṃ santepi mātugabbhe ālokādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ abhāvato cakkhuviññāṇādīni cattāri viññāṇāni nuppajjanti, kāyaviññāṇamanoviññāṇāni eva uppajjanti. So satto mātuyā iriyāpathaparivattanādīsu bahūni dukkhadomanassāni paccanubhoti. Vijāyanakāle pana bhusaṃ dukkhaṃ nigacchatiyeva. Vijāyitvāpi yāva vatthurūpāni mudūni honti, paripākaṃ na gacchanti, tāva so atimandarūpo uttānaseyyako hutvā acchati. Na kiñci paccuppannaṃ ārammaṇaṃ sallakkheti. Yebhuyyena purima bhavānusārī eva tassa viññāṇaṃ hoti. Sace so niraya bhavato āgato hoti, so virūpamukhabahulo hoti. Purimāni nirayārammaṇāni ārabbha khaṇe khaṇe virūpamukhamassa paññāyati. Atha devalokato āgato hoti, dibbāni ārammaṇāni ārabbha vippasannamukhabahulo hoti, khaṇe khaṇe mihitamukhamassa paññāyati.
然而,当依处色变得敏锐、达到成熟时,他的诸识便十分清晰地转起。那时,他不再迟钝,游戏、嬉戏、欢喜、愉悦而住。他辨识现前所缘,辨识母亲的语言。此时,他的心识大多随顺此世间而转起,前生便由此忘失。
Yadā pana vatthurūpāni tikkhāni honti, paripākaṃ gacchanti. Viññāṇāni cassa suvisadāni pavattanti. Tadā amandarūpo hutvā kīḷanto līḷanto modanto pamodanto acchati. Paccuppanne ārammaṇāni sallakkheti. Mātubhāsaṃ sallakkheti. Idha lokānusārī viññāṇamassa bahulaṃ pavattati. Purimajātiṃ pamussati.
是否一切有情都在此阶段忘失前生呢?并非一切有情都在此阶段忘失。有些因过度的住胎之苦所折磨,在母胎中便忘失了;有些在分娩时;有些在此阶段;有些此后乃至幼年时仍未忘失,到老年时才忘失;有些则终其一生也不忘失。也有能忆念二生、三生的。这些人称为“忆生者”。
Kiṃ pana sabbopi satto imasmiṃ ṭhāne eva purimaṃ jātiṃ pamussatīti ce. Na sabbopi satto imasmiṃ ṭhāne eva pamussati. Koci atirekataraṃ gambhavāsadukkhena paripīḷito gabbhe eva pamussati. Koci vijāyanakāle, koci imasmiṃ ṭhāne pamussati. Koci itoparampi daharakāle na pamussati. Vuḍḍhakāle eva pamussati. Koci yāvajīvaṃpi na pamussati. Dve tayo bhave anussarantopi atthiyeva. Ime jātissarasattā nāma honti.
其中,自出生之时起,六门心路便转起。自能辨识现前所缘之时起,六门心路便完整地转起。于一切处,前前于无间灭去之心,为后后于无间生起之心的无间缘。而这名为无间缘者,在无始轮回中,唯是一有情的单一相续。当有情证得阿罗汉道、入于蕴般涅槃时,此相续方告断绝。
Tattha vijāyanakālato paṭṭhāya chadvārikavīthicittāni pavattanti. Paccuppannārammaṇaṃ sallakkhaṇato paṭṭhāya chadvārikavīthi cittāni paripuṇṇāni pavattanti. Sabbatthapi purimaṃ purimaṃ anantare niruddhaṃ cittaṃ pacchimassa pacchimassa anantare uppannassa cittassa anantara paccayo hoti. Ayañca anantarapaccayo nāma anamatagge saṃsāre ekassa sattassa ekappabandho eva hoti. Yadā satto arahatta maggaṃ labhitvā khandhaparinibbānaṃ pāpuṇāti, tadā eva so pabandho chijjati.
以何义为无间?以何义为缘?在自灭之后无间,令与自身相似的另一法生起,由此义而说为无间;以资助之义而说为缘。其中,“与自身相似”是指以有所缘性而与自己相似。所谓“以有所缘性”,即但凡无有所缘便不转起的法,称为有所缘,此处即以此为有所缘性。“令另一法生起”的意思是:前心虽已灭去,但其思惟作用的势力并未止息,在令后心生起之后方得止息,如此以后后相续令另一法生起之义。
Kenaṭṭhena anantaro, kenaṭṭhena paccayoti. Attano anantare attasadisassa dhammantarassa uppādanaṭṭhena anantaro, upakārakaṭṭhena paccayo. Tattha attasadisassāti sārammaṇa bhāvena attanā sadisassa. Sārammaṇabhāvenāti ca yo dhammo ārammaṇena vinā na pavattati, so sārammaṇo nāma, evaṃ sārammaṇabhāvena. Dhammantarassa uppādanaṭṭhenāti purimasmiṃ citte niruddhepi tassa cintanakiriyāvego na vūpasammati, pacchimaṃ cittaṃ uppādetvā eva vūpasammati, evaṃ pacchimassa dhammantarassa uppādanaṭṭhena.
于此,前前的无间缘系列,应视同母系传承;后后的缘所生法系列,应视同其女系传承。若如是,阿罗汉的最终般涅槃心,难道也会令名为结生心的另一法生起吗?不会生起。何以故?因为那时业与烦恼的势力已完全止息,其心是究竟寂静故。无间缘解说终。
Tattha purimā purimā mātuparamparā viya anantarapaccayaparamparā daṭṭhabbā. Pacchimā pacchimā dhītuparamparā viya tassa paccayuppannaparamparā daṭṭhabbā. Evaṃ sante arahantānaṃ sabbapacchimaṃ parinibbānacittampi puna paṭisandhicittasaṅkhātaṃ dhammantaraṃ uppādeyyāti. Na uppādeyya. Kasmā, tadā kammakilesavegānaṃ sabbaso paṭippassaddhibhāvena accantasantatarattā tassa cittassāti. Anantarapaccaya dīpanā niṭṭhitā.