4. 第四品
4. Catuttho paricchedo
一种等之说明的注释
Ekavidhādiniddesavaṇṇanā
今当宣说此一类等之理趣,
为令阿毗达摩比丘之慧增长。
Itoparaṃ pavakkhāmi, nayamekavidhādikaṃ; Ābhidhammikabhikkhūnaṃ, buddhiyā pana vuddhiyā.
我今从此品之后,为令阿毗达摩比丘慧得增长,当宣说此一类等之理趣。
Ahaṃ ito paraṃ ito paricchedato paraṃ ekavidhādikaṃ nayaṃ ābhidhammikabhikkhūnaṃ buddhiyā vuddhitthāya pavakkhāmi desessāmi.
128一切心,从识知本性而言,皆为一类;由无因与有因故,心则为二类。
128.Sabbamekavidhaṃcittaṃ, vijānanasabhāvato sabbaṃ cittaṃ vijānanasabhāvato ekavidhaṃ, duvidhañca bhave cittaṃ ahetukasahetukato idaṃ cittaṃ duvidhaṃ bhaveyya.
129于欲界,善异熟与不善异熟心有十及五,唯作心有三,如是此十八心,皆是无因。
129.Puññāpuññavipākā hi, kāme dasa ca pañca ca hi saccaṃ kāme kāmāvacare kusalākusalavipākā dasa pañca ca kiriyā tisso iti sabbe aṭṭhārasa cittuppādā ahetukā.
130除无因心外,其余七十一心为有因。此‘有因’之名,乃是大智者、如是者、具不颠倒本性者、因论者、缘论者所宣说。
130. Ahetukato cittuppādato sesā ekasattati cittuppādā sahetukāti sahetukā nāmāti mahesinā tādinā aviparītasabhāvena hetuvādinā paccayavādinā niddiṭṭhā.
131依有依止、无依止,以及兼具二者,如以上所说,心有此三种。
131.Savatthukāvatthukato savatthukaavatthukavasena tathā ubhayavasena savatthukavasena, avatthukavasena ca sabbaṃ vuttappakārena ca mānasaṃ tividhaṃ hoti.
132-4一切欲界果报心、色界十五心、初道心、生笑心、意界唯作心,以及两种忧心——这四十三心,离所依处则不能生起,故纯属有依止。无色界果报心纯属无依止。除我所说的这些心之外,其余四十二心,既依有依止,也依无依止。
132-4.Sabbo kāmavipāko ca, rūpe pañcadasāpi ca cittuppādā ādimaggo paṭhamamaggo hasituppādo manodhātukiriyāpi ca domanassadvayañcāpi tecattālīsa mānasā vinā vatthuṃ vatthuṃ vajjetvā na uppajjanti, ekantena savatthukā nāma. Arūpāvacaravipākā ca ekantena avatthukā, mayā vuttato cittuppādato sesāni dvecattālīsa cittāni ubhayathā savatthukāvatthukavasena siyuṃ.
135一所缘之心、五所缘之心及六所缘之心,依我所说,心亦可分为这三种。
135.Ekekārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ, pañcārammaṇameva ca cittaṃ chaḷārammaṇakañceti evaṃ iminā mayā vuttappakārenāpi tividhaṃ cittaṃ siyā.
136-8二种识与五种识、八种出世间心,以及除去神通心以外的一切广大心,这四十三心,智者应知为同一所缘。其中,世尊说三种意界心以五境为所缘。除我前说之心外,余下的四十三心,我视为以六境为所缘。如是,世尊又将心依善、不善等分为三种,而所谓“初”之声,应取无记。
136-8.Viññāṇāni ca dve pañca, aṭṭha lokuttarāni ca abhiññāmānasaṃ ṭhapetvā sabbaṃ mahaggatañcevāti tecattālīsa cittuppādā pana ekekārammaṇā viññeyyā dhīrena. Tattha citte manodhātuttayaṃ pañcārammaṇaṃ īritaṃ bhagavatā. Mayā vuttacittato sesāni tecattālīsa cittāni chaḷārammaṇikāni matāni satthunā, tathā evaṃ cittaṃ kusalākusalādito tividhaṃ. Ādi-saddena abyākataṃ gahetabbaṃ.
139无因心、一因心、二因心、三因心,如此,心有四种,智者当明了。
139. Ahetukaṃ cittaṃ ekahetukañca cittaṃ dvihetukañca cittaṃ tihetukañca cittanti evaṃ iminā pakārena cittaṃ catubbidhaṃ vibhāvinā viññātabbaṃ.
140-2前文我已阐明十八心为无因,而与疑、掉举相应之心,世尊说为一因。欲界善、果报与唯作,依善、果报与唯作而有十二心,不善有十心,如是二十二心为二因。欲界善、果报与唯作,依善、果报与唯作亦有十二心。一切广大心与出世间心则为三因。
140-2. Heṭṭhā mayāpi niddiṭṭhā aṭṭhārasa cittuppādā ahetukā, vicikicchuddhaccasaṃyuttaṃ cittaṃ ekahetukaṃ evaṃ udīritaṃ bhagavatā. Kāme kāmāvacare puññavipākakriyato kusalavasena ca vipākavasena ca kiriyāvasena ca dvādasadhā cittuppādā akusalā ca dasadhā cāti bāvīsati cittuppādā duhetukā. Kāme kāmāvacare puññavipākakriyato puññavasena ca vipākavasena ca kiriyāvasena ca dvādasadhā cittuppādā. Sabbaṃ mahaggatañceva appamāṇaṃ lokuttaracittañca tihetukaṃ.
143-50依产生色、威仪路、表与不产生等,即依产生色、威仪路、表,产生威仪路与色,只产生色,以及三种皆不产生的方式,一切心分为四种。其中,十二不善心、欲界善心、欲界十唯作心及二神通心,这三十二心生起色、造作威仪路并产生表。善广大心、唯作广大心及八出世间心,这二十六心生起色、造作威仪路,却不产生表,此为其义。这些心生起皆由“所造业决定”。除十识外,于二地之果报——意界、二意界、三推度心、大果报心及色界果报心等十八种果报心,以及意界唯作心——此十九心只生起色,不作余二种。又,眼等二识与五识,因前已说为“十识”,故再说明。无色界之果报心、一切众生的结生心以及阿拉汉的死心,这十六心不造作三种业。
143-50.Rūpīriyāpathaviññatti-janakājanakāditoti rūpairiyāpathaviññattijanakavasena rūpairiyāpathajanakavasena ca rūpajanakavasena ca tikiccājanakavasena cātiādīhi pakārehi sabbaṃ cittaṃ catubbidhaṃ hoti. Tattha tasmiṃ citte dvādasākusalā, kāmadhātuyā kusalā, tathā kāme dasa kiriyā, abhiññāmānasaṃ dvayaṃ, ime bāttiṃsa mānasā rūpāni samuṭṭhāpenti, iriyāpathaṃ kappenti, viññattiṃ janayanti. Kusalā mahaggatamānasā kiriyā ca mahaggatamānasā, aṭṭha anāsavacittāni, chabbīsati ca mānasā rūpāni samuṭṭhāpenti, iriyāpathaṃ kappenti. Copanaṃ na pāpenti viññattiṃ na janayantīti attho. Ime cittuppādā dukiccaniyatā , dasa viññāṇe ṭhapetvā dvīsu bhūmīsu vipākā manodhātudvayasantīraṇattayamahāvipākarūpavipākānaṃ vasena aṭṭhārasa pākā manodhātu kiriyā cevāti imāni ekūnavīsati cittāni rūpāni samuṭṭhāpenti, itaradvayaṃ na karonti, puna dvepañcaviññāṇā paṭhamaṃ ‘‘dasa viññāṇe’’ti vuttattā ‘‘punā’’ti vuttā. Arūpīsu vipākā ca sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ paṭisandhicittañca arahato cuticittañca ime soḷasa mānasā tikiccāni na karonti.
151依一处、二处、三处、四处、五处之差别,及依一业、二业、三业、四业、五业之分类,心可分为五种。具足五清净眼的佛陀宣说、解说了此五类心。
151.Ekadviticatuṭṭhāna-pañcaṭṭhānappabhedato ekakiccadvikiccatikiccacatukiccapañcakiccabhedena pañcadhā cittaṃ pañcapakāraṃ cittaṃ pañcanimmalalocano buddho akkhāsi kathesi.
Kusalākusalā sabbe, cittuppādā mahākriyā; Mahaggatā kriyā ceva, cattāro phalamānasā.
153153. 所有五十五种心之生起,唯依速行处、唯依速行作用,于同一处所、同一作用,由离渴爱、慢、邪见的世尊无杂乱地决定宣说。
153.Sabbeva pañcapaññāsa cittuppādā javanaṭṭhānatoyeva javanakiccavaseneva ekaṭṭhāne ekakicce nippapañcena satthunā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivirahitena satthunā niyāmitā kathitā.
154154. 再者,双五识等心之生起,于见、闻、嗅、尝、触之处,依次由世尊决定。
154.Puna dvepañcaviññāṇā cittuppādā dassane savane tathā ghāyane sāyanaṭṭhāne phusane paṭipāṭiyā satthunā niyāmitā.
155于转向与领受时,这三意界的六十八心生起,皆同一依处,同一作用。
155. Manodhātuttikaṃ āvajjane paṭicchane, ete aṭṭhasaṭṭhi cittuppādā ekaṭṭhānikataṃ ekakiccabhāvaṃ gatā pattā bhavanti.
156-8世尊所说名为“二处”的双心:悦俱心在五门作推度;于六门,当所缘强而极大时,它成为彼所缘;如是,在五门有确定心;而于意门,则有对一切所缘的转向。此双心即名为“二处”。
156-8. Cittadvayaṃ dviṭṭhānikaṃ nāma udīritaṃ bhagavatā, somanassayutaṃ cittaṃ pañcadvāre santīraṇaṃ siyā. Chadvāre tadālambaṇañca balavārammaṇe atimahantārammaṇe sati siyā , tathā voṭṭhabbanaṃ pañcadvāresu voṭṭhabbanaṃ hoti. Manodvāresu pana sabbesaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ āvajjanaṃ hoti, idaṃ cittadvayaṃ dviṭṭhānikaṃ nāma hoti.
159这些广大异熟心,以结生之依处及结生作用,以有分之依处及有分作用,以死之依处及死作用,被牟尼说为九处、三作用。
159. Paṭisandhiyā ṭhānato paṭisandhiyā kiccavasena bhavaṅgassa ṭhānato bhavaṅgassa kiccavasena cutiyā ṭhānato cutiyā kiccavasena te mahaggatavipākā nava tiṭṭhānikā tikiccāti muninā matā.
160-3八种欲界大异熟心,依结生与有分、执行结生与有分的作用,依彼所缘、执行彼所缘的作用,并执行死的作用,故成为四处心。智者如此宣说。善异熟与不善异熟舍俱的二心,于五门中为推度,于六门中若所缘有力时,亦可成为彼所缘。依结生、有分及死之处,此二心被牟尼宣说为五处心。
160-3.Aṭṭha kāmā mahāpākā, paṭisandhibhavaṅgato paṭisandhibhavaṅgavasena tadārammaṇato ceva tadārammaṇavasena ca eva cutiṭṭhānavasena ca aṭṭha cittāni catuṭṭhānikacittāni honti, iti vacanaṃ dhīro niddise, kusalākusalapākopekkhāsahagatadvayaṃ pañcadvāre santīraṇaṃ bhave, chadvārikesupi balavārammaṇe sati tadārammaṇatā siyā. Paṭisandhibhavaṅgānaṃ ṭhānavasena ca cutiṭṭhānavasena ca idaṃ cittadvayaṃ pañcaṭṭhānikacittaṃ nāmāti udīritaṃ muninā.
164二心具有五种作用,八心具有四种作用,九心具有三种作用,二种心生起具有二种作用。由这些心生起,其余的生起各具一种作用。
164.Pañcakiccaṃ dvayaṃ cittaṃ, aṭṭhakaṃ pana catukiccaṃ, navakaṃ tikiccaṃ, dve cittuppādā dvikiccā, imesaṃ imehi cittuppādehi sesaṃ ekakaṃ kiccaṃ.
Bhavaṅgāvajjanañceva, dassanaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ; Santīraṇaṃ voṭṭhabbanaṃ, javanaṃ bhavati sattamaṃ.
166此心依眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意六识的差别而有六种;依眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意界及意识界七界的差别,心则有七种。
166.Chabbidhaṃ hoti taṃ channaṃ taṃ cittaṃ channaṃ cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyamanoviññāṇānaṃ pabhedato chabbidhaṃ hoti, cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyamanodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūnaṃ sattannaṃ vasena cittaṃ sattadhā hoti.
167单一所缘心有六种;依五种所缘的差别,以及六所缘和六所缘心,意门心有八种。
167.Ekekārammaṇaṃ chakkaṃ, pañcārammaṇabhedato chaḷārammaṇato ceva chaḷārammaṇacittavasena mano cittaṃ aṭṭhavidhaṃ hoti.
168其中,在这六种心中,两种五识各以自境为所缘;两种心生起以色为所缘;各两种心生起以声等为所缘。
168.Tattha tasmiṃ citte dvepañcaviññāṇā ekekagocarā honti, dve cittuppādā rūpārammaṇikā, dve dve cittuppādā saddādigocarā.
169除去五神通,一切广大心与一切出世间心,此心皆是单一所缘。
169. Pañcābhiññāvivajjitaṃ sabbaṃ mahaggataṃ, sabbaṃ lokuttarañca iti idaṃ cittaṃ ekekārammaṇaṃ bhave.
170此六种单一所缘心,智者应知;意界三种心,则名为以五境为所缘。
170. Idaṃ chakkaṃ ekekārammaṇaṃ vibhāvinā ñeyyaṃ, manodhātuttayaṃ pañcārammaṇikaṃ nāma bhave.
171欲界心有四十种;同样地,每一类心及一切神通心,皆以六境为所缘,故称“六所缘”,智者当知。
171. Kāmāvacaracittāni cattālīsaṃ tathā ekekaṃ sabbāni abhiññāni ca chaḷārammaṇikānīti chaḷārammaṇikāni nāma paṇḍitena viññeyyāni.
172于七识界中,最后的意识界依善、不善、无记而分为三类,故心有九种。
172. Sattaviññāṇadhātūsu pacchimaṃ manoviññāṇadhātuñca kusalākusalābyākatavasena tidhā katvā navavidhaṃ cittaṃ hoti.
173意识界的差别,依福与非福,以及异熟与唯作的不同,共有六十三种。
173. Manoviññāṇadhātuyā bhedo puññāpuññavaseneva vipākakiriyabhedato chasattatividho hoti.
174意界依异熟与唯作分为两种,加上前文所述九种心,则意[门心]共有十种。
174. Manodhātuṃ vipākakiriyabhedato dvidhā katvā pubbe vuttehi navadhā cittehi mānasaṃ dasadhā hoti.
175后二界为意界与意识界。意界依善异熟、不善异熟和唯作而分为三种;意识界依善、不善、无记而分为三种;合眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识,心共有十一种。智者应当阐明此义。
175.Pacchimaṃ dhātudvayaṃ manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātudvayaṃ, manodhātuṃ kusalavipākaakusalavipākakiriyāvasena tidhā katvā, manoviññāṇadhātuñca kusalākusalābyākatavasena tividhā katvā cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇehi saha cittaṃ ekādasavidhaṃ hoti, iti idaṃ vacanaṃ paṇḍito paridīpaye.
176意识界也依善、不善等,依善异熟、不善异熟与唯作而分为四种。此心合眼、耳、鼻、舌、身识,并与三种意界结合,智者说亦成十二种。
176. Manoviññāṇadhātumpi kusalākusalādito kusalākusalavipākakiriyāvasena catudhā vibhajitvāna taṃ cittaṃ cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇehi saha tippakārāya manodhātuyā ca saha dvādasadhāpi dhīro vade.
177-9心依十四处差别而有十四种:依结生、依有分、依死、依转向、依五种识的作用、依领受心、依推度、依确定与速行,以及依彼所缘心。如是,依处差别及作用差别,心有十四种。智者应当阐明此义,开示此理。
177-9. Cittaṃ cuddasaṭṭhānabhedena cuddasadhā bhave, paṭisandhiyā vasena ca bhavaṅgavasena ca cutiyā vasena ca āvajjanassa vasena ca pañcannaṃ dassanādīnaṃ kiccānaṃ vasena ca sampaṭicchanacetaso vasena ca santīraṇassa vasena ca voṭṭhabbanajavanānaṃ vasena ca, yathā evaṃ tadārammaṇacittassa vasena cāti evaṃ iminā pakārena ṭhānabhedato kiccabhedena cuddasadhā cittaṃ hoti, iti idaṃ vacanaṃ dhīro paridīpaye paridīpeyya.
180依地与人的差别——即依地的差别与人的差别,心以种种方式转起,此心便呈现多种。智者应当阐明此义,开示此理。
180.Bhūmipuggalanānattavasena bhūminānattavasena, puggalanānattavasena ca cittānaṃ pavattito idaṃ cittaṃ bahudhā hoti, iti vacanañca dhīro vibhāvaye pakāseyya.
181于此教法中,若有比丘具足智慧,善巧通达此一种等之理,则阿毗达摩中所说诸义,于彼比丘即如掌中之物、已在手中,犹如余甘子,又如净摩尼珠。
181.Idha imasmiṃ sāsane yo bhikkhu matimā imasmiṃ ekavidhādinaye kusalo cheko hoti, abhidhamme pavattā atthā tassa bhikkhuno hatthagatā hatthapaviṭṭhā āmalakā viya suddhamaṇikā viya honti.