二、解说注释
2. Niddesavaṇṇanā
第一理趣:总摄、非总摄词句之注释
1. Paṭhamanayo saṅgahāsaṅgahapadavaṇṇanā
一、蕴词注释
1. Khandhapadavaṇṇanā
6现在,为了结合显示“总摄、非总摄”等理趣论母词句与以五蕴等安立的论母,开始了以“色蕴由多少蕴”等理趣进行解说的部分。其中,由于“总摄、非总摄”等理趣论母中安立了“由三种总摄,由三种非总摄”这一理趣纲要论母,因此为了显示色蕴等的总摄,仅举出“由多少蕴、多少处、多少界”这三个蕴、处、界的词句,并未涉及“四圣谛”等任何一者。又因为安立了“同类、异类”这样的特相论母,所以在此解答中说了“色蕴由一种蕴”等,因为对此色蕴而言,这些蕴等是同类的。其中,“由一种蕴”即仅由色蕴。因为任何色法,由于与色蕴同类,都只归于色蕴,所以唯以色蕴计算、唯以色蕴限定。“由十一处”即除意处之外的十一处,因为所有色蕴属于十处及法处的一部分,故由十一处计算、限定。“由十一界”即除七识界外的十一界,因为在这些界中,没有不被包含的色。
6. Idāni pañcakkhandhādivasena nikkhittamātikaṃ ‘saṅgaho asaṅgaho’tiādīhi nayamātikāpadehi saddhiṃ yojetvā dassetuṃ rūpakkhandho katihi khandhehītiādinā nayena niddesavāro āraddho. Tattha yasmā ‘‘saṅgaho asaṅgahotiādikāya nayamātikāya ‘‘tīhi saṅgaho, tīhi asaṅgaho’’ti nayamukhamātikā ṭhapitā, tasmā rūpakkhandhādīnaṃ saṅgahaṃ dassetuṃ katihi khandhehi katihāyatanehi katihi dhātūhīti tīṇi khandhāyatanadhātupadāneva uddhaṭāni. ‘Cattāri saccānī’tiādīsu ekampi na parāmaṭṭhaṃ. Yasmā ca ‘‘sabhāgo visabhāgo’’ti evaṃ lakkhaṇamātikā ṭhapitā, tasmā imassa pañhassa vissajjane rūpakkhandho ekena khandhenātiādi vuttaṃ. Sabhāgā hi tassa ete khandhādayoti. Tattha ekena khandhenāti rūpakkhandheneva. Yañhi kiñci rūpaṃ rūpakkhandhasabhāgattā rūpakkhandhotveva saṅgahaṃ gacchatīti rūpakkhandheneva gaṇitaṃ, taṃ rūpakkhandheneva paricchinnaṃ. Ekādasahāyatanehīti manāyatanavajjehi. Sabbopi hi rūpakkhandho dasāyatanāni dhammāyatanekadeso ca hoti, tasmā ekādasahāyatanehi gaṇito , paricchinno. Ekādasahi dhātūhīti sattaviññāṇadhātuvajjāhi ekādasahi etāsu hi apariyāpannaṃ rūpaṃ nāma natthi.
在非总摄理趣的解说中,以“由多少非总摄”提出了简略的提问。在其解答中,由于与色蕴异类的是四无色蕴、意处、七识界,故说“由四蕴”等。依此理趣,当知一切词句中的总摄与无总摄。然而,在此蕴的解说中——于“色蕴由多少蕴”等之中,首先在单根本的总摄理趣中,以自性显示了五问、五答;于非总摄理趣中,则简略地显示了五问、五答。依此方法,在二根本等中,亦当知有问答。而且此处只显示了以色蕴为根本的二法、三法、四法。于五法中,则作了两种问答:即从分别而言,“色蕴与……识蕴”;以及从不分别而言,“五蕴由多少蕴”。应知这就是圣典的理趣。
Asaṅgahanayaniddese katihi asaṅgahitoti saṅkhepeneva pucchā katā. Vissajjane panassa yasmā rūpakkhandhassa visabhāgā cattāro arūpakkhandhā, ekaṃ manāyatanaṃ, satta viññāṇadhātuyo; tasmā catūhi khandhehītiādi vuttaṃ. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu saṅgahāsaṅgaho veditabbo. Imasmiṃ pana khandhaniddese – ‘‘rūpakkhandho katihi khandhehī’’tiādimhi tāva ekamūlake saṅgahanaye sarūpeneva dassitā pañca pucchā, pañca vissajjanāni. Asaṅgahanaye saṅkhepena dassitā pañca pucchā, pañca vissajjanāni. Iminā upāyena dukamūlakādīsupi pucchāvissajjanāni veditabbāni. Rūpakkhandhamūlakāyeva cettha dukatikacatukkā dassitā. Pañcake pana ‘‘rūpakkhandho ca…pe… viññāṇakkhandho cā’’ti evaṃ bhedato ca, ‘‘pañcakkhandhā katihi khandhehī’’ti evaṃ abhedato cāti dvidhā pucchāvissajjanāni katāni. Evaṃ pāḷinayo veditabboti.
二、处词等注释
2. Āyatanapadādivaṇṇanā
22在处词句解说等之中,先就处词句解说而言:应知眼处唯由一种蕴——即色蕴所总摄,唯由一处——即眼处所总摄,唯由一界——即眼界所总摄。于耳处等,亦应依此理趣了知总摄与非总摄之别。然而,在“无为除蕴”一句中,因为“无为”即名为法处的涅槃,它并不入于蕴的总摄,故说“除蕴”。由四蕴,即色、受、想、行蕴——因为除涅槃外的法处,即由这些所总摄。而除了识蕴、法处、法界之外,它不被其余的处和界所总摄,因此说:“由一种蕴、十一处、十七界非总摄”。再者,如同前面那些以色蕴为根本的理趣,此处亦应以眼处为根本来理解其理趣。然而,在圣典中,仅显示了二法,并以“十二处”从不分别的角度作了问答。在界解说中,理趣亦同。
22. Āyatanapadaniddesādīsu āyatanapadaniddese tāva cakkhāyatanaṃ ekena khandhenāti ekena rūpakkhandheneva, ekena cakkhāyataneneva ekāya cakkhudhātuyāva saṅgahitanti veditabbaṃ. Sotāyatanādīsupi imināva nayena saṅgahāsaṅgaho veditabbo. Asaṅkhataṃ khandhato ṭhapetvāti ettha pana yasmā asaṅkhataṃ dhammāyatanaṃ nāma nibbānaṃ, tañca khandhasaṅgahaṃ na gacchati; tasmā ‘khandhato ṭhapetvā’ti vuttaṃ. Catūhi khandhehīti rūpavedanāsaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhehi. Nibbānavajjañhi dhammāyatanaṃ etehi saṅgahitaṃ. Viññāṇakkhandhena pana ṭhapetvā dhammāyatanadhammadhātuyo sesāyatanadhātūhi ca taṃ na saṅgayhati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘ekena khandhena, ekādasahāyatanehi, sattarasahi dhātūhi asaṅgahita’’nti. Yathā ca te heṭṭhā rūpakkhandhamūlakā, evamidhāpi cakkhāyatanamūlakāva nayā veditabbā. Dukamattameva pana pāḷiyaṃ dassetvā ‘‘dvādasāyatanānī’’ti abhedatova pucchāvissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Dhātuniddesepi eseva nayo.
40在谛解说中——圣典中显示了所有的二法、三法与四法。由于在二法与三法之中,道谛的解答与集谛相似,故而将其置于集谛之后宣说。
40. Saccaniddese – sabbepi dukatikacatukkā pāḷiyaṃ dassitā. Yasmā ca dukatikesu samudayasaccasadisameva maggasaccepi vissajjanaṃ, tasmā taṃ samudayānantaraṃ vuttaṃ.
50在根解说中——“命根由二蕴”:即色命根由色蕴所总摄,无色命根由行蕴所总摄。其余诸义,应依所说理趣了知。而此处圣典的分列方式,则与处解说、界解说相似。
50. Indriyaniddese – jīvitindriyaṃ dvīhi khandhehīti rūpajīvitindriyaṃ rūpakkhandhena, arūpajīvitindriyaṃ saṅkhārakkhandhena saṅgahitaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayānusāreneva veditabbaṃ. Pāḷivavatthānaṃ panettha āyatanadhātuniddesasadisameva.
六、缘起注释
6. Paṭiccasamuppādavaṇṇanā
6161. 于缘起的解说中,并未提出“无明由多少蕴所摄”的问题,而是直接给出了“无明由一蕴所摄”的答案。其中,“行缘识”是指在结生时与转起时的一切异熟识,因此他说道:“由七界总摄”。名色也应按结生与转起的情况来理解。因此,这裡包括了声处,从而显示了由十一处总摄。在触等之中,应当了知蕴的分别:触由一蕴总摄,受由另一蕴总摄,而渴爱、取、业有则由行蕴总摄。此外,此处的“有”一词,依业有等可分为十一种。其中,业有因其解答与触等相似,故与它们一并显示;而生存有、欲有、想有、五蕴有则因彼此解答相似,故一并显示。又因这些是所执取的法,故说“由十一处、十七界”所摄。声处因为不是所执取的对象,所以此处未将其纳入。
61. Paṭiccasamuppādaniddese – ‘‘avijjā katihi khandhehī’’ti pucchaṃ anārabhitvā avijjā ekena khandhenāti evaṃ vissajjanameva dassitaṃ. Tattha saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇanti paṭisandhiyaṃ pavatte ca sabbampi vipākaviññāṇaṃ. Tenevāha – ‘‘sattahi dhātūhi saṅgahita’’nti. Nāmarūpampi paṭisandhipavattivaseneva veditabbaṃ. Tenevettha saddāyatanampi saṅgahetvā ekādasahāyatanehi saṅgaho dassito. Phassādīsu khandhabhedo veditabbo. Aññeneva hi ekena khandhena phasso saṅgahito, aññena vedanā, taṇhāupādānakammabhavā pana saṅkhārakkhandheneva saṅgahitā. Bhavapadañcettha kammabhavādīnaṃ vasena ekādasadhā vibhattaṃ. Tattha kammabhavo phassādīhi sadisavisajjanattā tehi saddhiṃ ekato dassito. Upapattibhavakāmabhavasaññābhavapañcavokārabhavā aññamaññasadisavissajjanattā ekato dassitā. Yasmā cete upādinnakadhammāva tasmā ‘‘ekādasahāyatanehi sattarasahi dhātūhī’’ti vuttaṃ. Saddāyatanañhi anupādinnaṃ, taṃ ettha na gahitaṃ.
6868. 于色有(色界生存)的解说中——“以五处”,是指眼处、耳处、意处、色处、法处。“以八界”,是指眼界、耳界、眼识界、耳识界、色界、法界、意界、意识界。无色有等三者,因解答相似,故一并显示。无想有与一蕴有也是如此。其中,“以二处”是指色处与法处。于界的说明中,道理相同。对于除无想有情之外的其余梵天而言,因为眼根存在,且以色处为其所缘,所以在此特别举出了“色处”。
68. Rūpabhavaniddese – pañcahāyatanehīti cakkhusotamanarūpadhammāyatanehi. Aṭṭhahi dhātūhīti cakkhusotacakkhuviññāṇasotaviññāṇarūpadhammamanodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūhi. Arūpabhavādayopi tayo sadisavissajjanattāva ekato dassitā. Tathā asaññābhavaekavokārabhavā. Tattha dvīhāyatanehīti rūpāyatanadhammāyatanehi. Dhātūsupi eseva nayo. Ekatalavāsikānañhi sesabrahmānaṃ cakkhusabbhāvato tassārammaṇattā tattha rūpāyatanaṃ uddhaṭaṃ.
7171. “生由二蕴所摄”,是指色法的生由色蕴所摄,非色法的生由行蕴所摄。于老与死,道理也是如此。于愁等之中,“由单一一蕴所摄”,是指愁、苦、忧由受蕴所摄,悲泣由色蕴所摄,恼等则由行蕴所摄——应当这样来了知蕴的差别。
71.Jāti dvīhi khandhehīti rūpajāti rūpakkhandhena, arūpajāti saṅkhārakkhandhena. Jarāmaraṇesupi eseva nayo. Sokādīsupi ekena khandhenāti sokadukkhadomanassāni vedanākkhandhena, paridevo rūpakkhandhena, upāyāsādayo saṅkhārakkhandhenāti evaṃ khandhaviseso veditabbo.
7373. ‘神足以二’:指以行蕴与识蕴,以意处与法处,以法界与意识界。‘禅那以二’:指以受蕴与行蕴。无量等由于解答方式相似,故一并说明。然而,‘心’虽紧接在‘思’之后被安立,但因其解答方式不同,故留待后方才予取用。其中,于无量等中,‘以单一蕴’指‘受’以受蕴、‘想’以想蕴,其余则摄于行蕴——对这些蕴的差别,应如此了知。
73.Iddhipādo dvīhīti saṅkhāraviññāṇakkhandhehi, manāyatanadhammāyatanehi, dhammadhātumanoviññāṇadhātūhi ca. Jhānaṃ dvīhīti vedanākkhandhasaṅkhārakkhandhehi. Appamaññādayo sadisavissajjanattā ekato niddiṭṭhā. Cittaṃ pana cetanānantaraṃ nikkhittampi asadisavissajjanattā pacchā gahitaṃ. Tattha appamaññādīsu ekena khandhenāti vedanā vedanākkhandhena, saññā saññākkhandhena, sesā saṅkhārakkhandhena saṅgahitāti evaṃ khandhaviseso veditabbo.
七、三法词注释
7. Tikapadavaṇṇanā
7777. 如此,在显示了内摄论母的摄集后,现在为了显示外摄论母的摄集,便开始说明‘善法’等。其中,在受三法中,‘以三界’:指身识界、意识界与法界。‘以七界’:指眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识界,以及意界、法界、意识界。在异熟三法中,‘以八界’:指与身识界一同的上述诸界。然而,‘异熟法法’与‘杂染杂染法’,因解答方式相似而一并取用。正如这些一样,在所有三法、二法的相应章节中,凡某词与某词有相似解答者,即使不依序次,也将其与彼词一同取用而作解答。应依此处所说之理,了知摄与不摄的方法。
77. Evaṃ abbhantaramātikāya saṅgahaṃ dassetvā idāni bāhiramātikāya saṅgahaṃ dassetuṃ kusalā dhammātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha vedanāttike tīhi dhātūhīti kāyaviññāṇamanoviññāṇadhammadhātūhi. Sattahi dhātūhīti cakkhusotaghānajivhāviññāṇadhātūhi ceva manodhātudhammadhātumanoviññāṇadhātūhi ca. Vipākattike aṭṭhahi dhātūhīti kāyaviññāṇadhātuyā saddhiṃ tāhiyeva. Vipākadhammadhammā pana saṃkiliṭṭhasaṃkilesikehi saddhiṃ sadisavissajjanattā ekato gahitā. Yathā cete, evaṃ sabbatikadukapadesu yaṃ yaṃ padaṃ yena yena padena saddhiṃ sadisavissajjanaṃ hoti, taṃ taṃ uppaṭipāṭiyāpi tena tena saddhiṃ gahetvā vissajjitaṃ. Tattha vuttānusāreneva saṅgahāsaṅgahanayo veditabboti.
2. 第二种方法:已摄与未摄词之注释
2. Dutiyanayo saṅgahitenaasaṅgahitapadavaṇṇanā
171171. 现在,为了分别“已摄”与“未摄”之词,开始“以眼处”等部分。此处特征如下:在此品中,凡是以蕴词已摄,但以处、界词未摄者;或者以蕴、处词已摄,但以界词未摄者,先问其为何未被蕴等所摄,而后作出解答。然而,色蕴等不在此例。因为以色蕴所摄的,正是色蕴自身,而它不会不被十一个半的处与界所摄。以受蕴所摄的,也正是受蕴自身,它也不会不被法处与法界所摄。如是,由于不存在“未被摄”的情形,这些词以及类似的词——如意处、法处等词,在此品中便未被采用。然而,凡是显示色的一部分不与非色相混,以及识的一部分不与其他相混的那些词,则在此被采用。在结尾处——
171. Idāni saṅgahitena asaṅgahitapadaṃ bhājetuṃ cakkhāyatanenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tatridaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ – imasmiñhi vāre yaṃ khandhapadena saṅgahitaṃ hutvā āyatanadhātupadehi asaṅgahitaṃ, khandhāyatanapadehi vā saṅgahitaṃ hutvā dhātupadena asaṅgahitaṃ, tassa khandhādīhi asaṅgahaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Taṃ pana rūpakkhandhādīsu na yujjati. Rūpakkhandhena hi rūpakkhandhova saṅgahito. So ca aḍḍhekādasahi āyatanadhātūhi asaṅgahito nāma natthi. Vedanākkhandhena ca vedanākkhandhova saṅgahito. Sopi dhammāyatanadhammadhātūhi asaṅgahito nāma natthi. Evaṃ asaṅgahitatāya abhāvato etāni aññāni ca evarūpāni manāyatanadhammāyatanādīni padāni imasmiṃ vāre na gahitāni. Yāni pana padāni rūpekadesaṃ arūpena asammissaṃ, viññāṇekadesañca aññena asammissaṃ dīpenti, tāni idha gahitāni. Pariyosāne ca –
“十处、十七界,”
“七根、无想有、一蕴有;”
悲泣与有见有对
无见、有对及所造色。
‘‘Dasāyatanā sattarasa dhātuyo, Sattindriyā asaññābhavo ekavokārabhavo; Paridevo sanidassanasappaṭighaṃ, Anidassanaṃ punadeva sappaṭighaṃ upādā’’ti.
如摄颂所示,当依这些词语本身而了知摄与不摄。因此品中,以提问方式,依处、界而将解答相似之法合并,共成八问:将二十种法合为一问,将七识界合为一问,将七根合为一问,将二有合为一问,以悲泣及有见有对为一问,以无见有对为一问,以有见为一问,以有对及所造色为一问。其中,蕴等之分别应如此了知:第一问中,“以四蕴”即非色蕴;“以二处”即眼处等每一处与意处;“以八界”即眼界等每一界与七识界。
Evaṃ uddānagāthāya dassitāneva. Tasmā tesaṃ vaseneva saṅgahāsaṅgaho veditabbo. Pañhavasena hi imasmiṃ vāre āyatanadhātuvaseneva sadisavissajjane vīsati dhamme samodhānetvā eko pañho kato, satta viññāṇadhātuyo samodhānetvā eko, sattindriyāni samodhānetvā eko, dve bhave samodhānetvā eko, paridevena ca sanidassanasappaṭighehi ca eko, anidassanasappaṭighehi eko, sanidassanehi eko, sappaṭighehi ca upādādhammehi ca ekoti aṭṭha pañhā katā. Tesu khandhādivibhāgo evaṃ veditabbo seyyathidaṃ – paṭhamapañhe tāva catūhi khandhehīti arūpakkhandhehi, dvīhāyatanehīti cakkhāyatanādīsu ekekena saddhiṃ manāyatanena, aṭṭhahi dhātūhīti cakkhudhātuādīsu ekekāya saddhiṃ sattahi viññāṇadhātūhi.
此处的方法如下:以眼处而言,依蕴的摄集,色蕴被摄。当此色蕴被摄时,依处的摄集,唯眼处一处被摄,其余十处未被摄。依界的摄集,亦唯眼界一界被摄,其余十界未被摄。如此,那些未被摄的十处,即除眼处与意处之外的十处;未被摄的十界,即除眼界与七识界之外的十界。于色处等,理亦同此。
Tatrāyaṃ nayo – cakkhāyatanena hi khandhasaṅgahena rūpakkhandho saṅgahito. Tasmiṃ saṅgahite rūpakkhandhe āyatanasaṅgahena cakkhāyatanamevekaṃ saṅgahitaṃ. Sesāni dasa āyatanāni asaṅgahitāni. Dhātusaṅgahenapi tena cakkhudhātuyevekā saṅgahitā. Sesā dasa dhātuyo asaṅgahitā. Iti yāni tena asaṅgahitāni dasāyatanāni, tāni cakkhāyatanamanāyatanehi dvīhi asaṅgahitāni. Yāpi tena asaṅgahitā dasa dhātuyo, tā cakkhudhātuyā ceva sattahi ca viññāṇadhātūhi asaṅgahitāti. Rūpāyatanādīsupi eseva nayo.
172第二问的解答:因为凡被任何识界所摄的识蕴,没有不被意处所摄的,故说“依处摄而被摄”。然而,这里的“以四蕴”指色等四蕴;“以十一处”指除意处外的十一处;“以十二界”指除去相应的六识界后,其余的十二界。因为以眼识界而言,唯眼识界被摄,其他未被摄。于耳识界等,道理相同。
172. Dutiyapañhe – yasmā yāya kāyaci viññāṇadhātuyā saṅgahito viññāṇakkhandho manāyatanena asaṅgahito nāma natthi, tasmā āyatanasaṅgahena saṅgahitāti vuttaṃ. Ettha pana catūhi khandhehīti rūpādīhi catūhi. Ekādasahāyatanehīti manāyatanavajjehi. Dvādasahi dhātūhīti yathānurūpā cha viññāṇadhātuyo apanetvā sesāhi dvādasahi. Cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā hi cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyeva saṅgahitā, itarā asaṅgahitā. Sotaviññāṇadhātuādīsupi eseva nayo.
173第三问的解答:眼根等的答案与眼处等完全一致。然而,对于女根和男根,应知与法处合共为二处,与法界合共为八界。
173. Tatiyapañhe – cakkhundriyādīnaṃ vissajjanaṃ cakkhāyatanādisadisameva. Itthindriyapurisindriyesu pana dhammāyatanena saddhiṃ dve āyatanāni, dhammadhātuyā ca saddhiṃ aṭṭha dhātuyo veditabbā.
174第四问:所谓“以三处”,是指色处、法处和意处。因为在诸有之中,依色处与法处,仅摄入了二处;其余九处则不被这三者所摄——即不被那二处及意处所摄。所谓“以九界”,是指色界、法界以及七识界。
174. Catutthapañhe – tīhāyatanehīti rūpāyatanadhammāyatanamanāyatanehi. Tesu hi bhavesu rūpāyatanadhammāyatanavasena dveva āyatanāni tehi saṅgahitāni . Sesāni nava rūpāyatanāni teheva ca dvīhi, manāyatanena cāti tīhi asaṅgahitāni nāma honti. Navahi dhātūhīti rūpadhātudhammadhātūhi saddhiṃ sattahi viññāṇadhātūhi.
175第五问:所谓“以二处”,若就第一句说,是指声处与意处;就第二句说,是指色处与意处。就界而言,应知即是那些诸处各各与七识界合在一起。
175. Pañcamapañhe – dvīhāyatanehīti paṭhamapadaṃ sandhāya saddāyatanamanāyatanehi. Dutiyapadaṃ sandhāya rūpāyatanamanāyatanehi. Dhātuyopi tesaṃyeva ekekena saddhiṃ satta viññāṇadhātuyo veditabbā.
176第六问:所谓“以十处”,是指除色处和法处之外的十处。所谓“以十六界”,是指除色界和法界之外的十六界。如何理解?因为名为“无见有对”的法,即是九种粗处。以蕴摄集而摄时,它们被摄于色蕴;以处摄集而摄时,这九处本身即被摄,色处和法处则未被摄。以界摄集而摄时,这九界本身即被摄,色界和法界则未被摄。由此,不被他们所摄的那二处,即不被除色处之外的九种粗处及意处这十处所摄;不被他们所摄的那二界,应知即不被除色界之外的九种粗界及七识界这十六界所摄。
176. Chaṭṭhapañhe – dasahāyatanehīti rūpāyatanadhammāyatanavajjehi. Soḷasahi dhātūhīti rūpadhātudhammadhātuvajjeheva. Kathaṃ? Anidassanasappaṭighā hi dhammā nāma nava oḷārikāyatanāni. Tehi khandhasaṅgahena saṅgahite rūpakkhandhe, āyatanasaṅgahena tāneva navāyatanāni saṅgahitāni. Rūpāyatanadhammāyatanāni asaṅgahitāni. Dhātusaṅgahenapi tā eva nava dhātuyo saṅgahitā. Rūpadhātudhammadhātuyo asaṅgahitā. Iti yāni tehi asaṅgahitāni dve āyatanāni , tāni rūpāyatanavajjehi navahi oḷārikāyatanehi, manāyatanena cāti dasahi asaṅgahitāni. Yāpi tehi asaṅgahitā dve dhātuyo, tā rūpadhātuvajjāhi navahi oḷārikadhātūhi, sattahi ca viññāṇadhātūhīti soḷasahi asaṅgahitāti veditabbā.
177第七问:“以二处”,指色处与意处。“以八界”,指色界及七识界。
177. Sattamapañhe – dvīhāyatanehīti rūpāyatanamanāyatanehi. Aṭṭhahi dhātūhīti rūpadhātuyā saddhiṃ sattahi viññāṇadhātūhi.
178第八问:“以十一处”:就“有对法”而言,指除却法处的十一处;就“所造法”而言,指除却触处的十一处。于界中,理亦如是。此中义理的连结,应依前文所说之理来理解。
178. Aṭṭhamapañhe – ekādasahāyatanehīti sappaṭighadhamme sandhāya dhammāyatanavajjehi, upādādhamme sandhāya phoṭṭhabbāyatanavajjehi. Dhātūsupi eseva nayo. Atthayojanā panettha heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbāti.
第三理趣——“以未摄”与“已摄”句的解说
3. Tatiyanayo asaṅgahitenasaṅgahitapadavaṇṇanā
179现在,为了分析“未摄”与“已摄”之句,而开示“以受蕴”等。此处的特征如下:在这个部分中,凡是不以蕴句摄、却以处句、界句摄的,便通过问及以蕴等对其之摄而作解答。然而,这不适用于色蕴、识蕴、眼处等。就色蕴而言,其余四蕴不依蕴的摄集而被摄。在它们之中,没有一个法是以处、界的摄集而被色蕴所摄的。受等难道不被法处所摄吗?确实被摄。但是色蕴并非就是法处,因为就色蕴来说,只有微细色才属于法处。因此,那些被法处所摄的法,并不称为被色蕴所摄。就识蕴而言,其余四蕴也不被摄。在它们之中,没有一个法是以处、界的摄集而被识蕴所摄的。如此,由于不存在这种被摄性,眼处等句以及其他类似的句,在此部分中未被采用。然而,那些不与识或粗色混杂、唯显示法处一部分的句,则在此被采用了。它们的摄颂如下:
179. Idāni asaṅgahitenasaṅgahitapadaṃ bhājetuṃ vedanākkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tatridaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ – imasmiñhi vāre yaṃ khandhapadena asaṅgahitaṃ hutvā āyatanadhātupadehi saṅgahitaṃ, tassa khandhādīhi saṅgahaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Taṃ pana rūpakkhandhaviññāṇakkhandhacakkhāyatanādīsu na yujjati. Rūpakkhandhena hi cattāro khandhā khandhasaṅgahena asaṅgahitā. Tesu tena ekadhammopi āyatanadhātusaṅgahena saṅgahito nāma natthi. Nanu ca vedanādayo dhammāyatanena saṅgahitāti? Saṅgahitā. Na pana rūpakkhandhova dhammāyatanaṃ, rūpakkhandhato hi sukhumarūpamattaṃ dhammāyatanaṃ bhajati. Tasmā ye dhammāyatanena saṅgahitā, na te rūpakkhandhena saṅgahitā nāma. Viññāṇakkhandhenapi itare cattāro khandhā asaṅgahitā. Tesu tena ekopi āyatanadhātusaṅgahena saṅgahito nāma natthi. Evaṃ saṅgahitatāya abhāvato etāni aññāni ca evarūpāni cakkhāyatanādīni padāni imasmiṃ vāre na gahitāni. Yāni pana padāni viññāṇena vā oḷārikarūpena vā asammissaṃ dhammāyatanekadesaṃ dīpenti, tāni idha gahitāni. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
总共三十句,在十种对偶中;
二种是小对偶,八种是大对偶。
‘‘Tayo khandhā tathā saccā, indriyāni ca soḷasa; Padāni paccayākāre, cuddasūpari cuddasa. ‘‘Samatiṃsa padā honti, gocchakesu dasasvatha; Duve cūḷantaradukā, aṭṭha honti mahantarā’’ti.
然而,在这些段落中,将答案相近的句子归为一类,总共有十二问。对此,应如此了知蕴的分别:在处和界中,则无这种差别。此处,首先第一问:“以三蕴”,即指色蕴、想蕴、行蕴。而处与界,应知是就法处与法界而言。
Etesu pana padesu sadisavissajjanāni padāni ekato katvā sabbepi dvādasa pañhā vuttā. Tesu evaṃ khandhavibhāgo veditabbo. Āyatanadhātūsu pana bhedo natthi. Tattha paṭhamapañhe tāva – tīhi khandhehīti rūpasaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhehi. Āyatanadhātuyo pana dhammāyatanadhammadhātuvasena veditabbā.
在此,其理趣如下:以受蕴而言,涅槃与微细的色、想、行,虽不被蕴的摄集所摄,却被处与界的摄集所摄。其中,涅槃不入蕴的摄集,其余则入色蕴、想蕴、行蕴的摄集。然而,涅槃亦入处与界的摄集。因此说:“无为法(涅槃)除蕴而论,由三蕴、一处、一界所摄。”然而,于此应知:在想蕴的方面,是除去“想”之后,与受等合为三蕴;在“行等”的方面,则是除去行蕴之后,依色、受、想之力而立的三蕴。
Tatrāyaṃ nayo – vedanākkhandhena hi nibbānañca sukhumarūpasaññāsaṅkhārā ca khandhasaṅgahena asaṅgahitā hutvā āyatanadhātusaṅgahena saṅgahitā. Tesu nibbānaṃ khandhasaṅgahaṃ na gacchati, sesā rūpasaññāsaṅkhārakkhandhehi saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Āyatanadhātusaṅgahaṃ pana nibbānampi gacchateva. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘asaṅkhataṃ khandhato ṭhapetvā tīhi khandhehi, ekenāyatanena, ekāya dhātuyā saṅgahitā’’ti. Saññākkhandhapakkhe panettha saññaṃ apanetvā vedanāya saddhiṃ tayo khandhā saṅkhārādīsu saṅkhārakkhandhaṃ apanetvā rūpavedanāsaññāvasena tayo khandhā veditabbā.
180第二:“以四蕴”,指除识蕴之外的四蕴。因为就灭尽而言,它们虽不被蕴的摄集所摄,却被处与界的摄集所摄。
180. Dutiye – catūhi khandhehīti viññāṇavajjehi. Te hi nirodhena khandhasaṅgahena asaṅgahitā hutvā āyatanadhātusaṅgahena saṅgahitā.
181第三:“以二”,指以受蕴与想蕴。因为就色与非色的命根而言,受蕴、想蕴、识蕴并不被蕴的摄集所摄。然而,其中只有受与想被处与界的摄集所摄。因此说:“以受蕴和想蕴”。依此方法,于一切处应了知蕴的分别。此后,我们将仅说诸蕴的名称而已。
181. Tatiye – dvīhīti vedanāsaññākkhandhehi. Rūpārūpajīvitindriyena hi vedanāsaññāviññāṇakkhandhā ca khandhasaṅgahena asaṅgahitā. Tesu pana vedanāsaññāva āyatanadhātusaṅgahena saṅgahitā. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘vedanāsaññākkhandhehī’’ti. Iminā upāyena sabbattha khandhabhedo veditabbo. Ito parañhi khandhānaṃ nāmamattameva vakkhāma.
182第四:“以三蕴”说:在女性根和男性根中,指受蕴、想蕴、行蕴;在受等五法中,指色蕴、想蕴、行蕴;在信根等乃至触所摄诸法中,指色蕴、受蕴、想蕴。对于受,其决断与受蕴相似;对于爱、取、业、有,其决断与行蕴相似。
182. Catutthe – tīhi khandhehīti itthindriyapurisindriyesu vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārehi, vedanāpañcake rūpasaññāsaṅkhārehi; saddhindriyādīsu phassapariyosānesu rūpavedanāsaññākkhandhehi. Vedanāya vedanākkhandhasadisova taṇhupādānakammabhavesu saṅkhārakkhandhasadisova vinicchayo.
183第五:在生、老、死中,它们与命根相似。然而,经由禅那,涅槃为微细色,想则不被蕴的集合所摄,而被处与界的集合所摄。因此,关于此二者,应知依色蕴与想蕴而说为二蕴。
183. Pañcame – jātijarāmaraṇesu jīvitindriyasadisova. Jhānena pana nibbānaṃ sukhumarūpaṃ saññā ca khandhasaṅgahena asaṅgahitā hutvā āyatanadhātusaṅgahena saṅgahitā. Tasmā taṃ sandhāya rūpakkhandhasaññākkhandhānaṃ vasena dve khandhā veditabbā.
184第六:在忧、悲、苦三者中,它们与受相似;在恼等中,它们与行相似。又,受与受蕴相似,想与想蕴相似,思等与行蕴相似,这是决断。依此方法,在第七问等中,也应知摄与不摄。
184. Chaṭṭhe – sokādittaye vedanāya sadiso. Upāyāsādīsu saṅkhārasadiso. Puna vedanāya vedanākkhandhasadiso, saññāya saññākkhandhasadiso, cetanādīsu saṅkhārakkhandhasadiso vinicchayo. Iminā upāyena sattamapañhādīsupi saṅgahāsaṅgaho veditabboti.
第四章 对所摄以所摄释词之解说
4. Catutthanayo saṅgahitenasaṅgahitapadavaṇṇanā
191如今,为分别“所摄以所摄之词”,而以“集谛”等为起始。此中,凡是依蕴等所摄、以蕴等方式而摄的,又再问他们以蕴等而摄,并作了回答。这在蕴、处、界中,对于那些取一整分而安立的文句,即使一分也不适用。因为以完整的蕴等词,并没有其他以蕴等方式所摄的东西,能在被其能摄者所摄之后,再以同样的方式被摄。因此,这样的文句于此品中未被采用。然而,那些文句,或为显示行之一分,或为显示不与其余混合的受之一分,或为微细色,或为声之一分,则于此中被采用。其摄颂为——
191. Idāni saṅgahitenasaṅgahitapadaṃ bhājetuṃ samudayasaccenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yaṃ khandhādīhi saṅgahitena khandhādivasena saṅgahitaṃ, puna tasseva khandhādīhi saṅgahaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Taṃ khandhāyatanadhātūsu ekampi sakalakoṭṭhāsaṃ gahetvā ṭhitapadesu na yujjati. Sakalena hi khandhādipadena aññaṃ khandhādivasena saṅgahitaṃ nāma natthi, yaṃ attano saṅgāhakaṃ saṅgaṇhitvā puna teneva saṅgahaṃ gaccheyya. Tasmā tathārūpāni padāni imasmiṃ vāre na gahitāni. Yāni pana padāni saṅkhārekadesaṃ vā aññena asammissaṃ dīpenti – vedanekadesaṃ vā sukhumarūpaṃ vā saddekadesaṃ vā, tāni idha gahitāni. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
二谛、十五根、十一缘起支;
向上再十一,此处‘牛脚词’有三十种。
‘‘Dve saccā pannarasindriyā, ekādasa paṭiccapadā; Uddhaṃ puna ekādasa, gocchakapadamettha tiṃsavidha’’nti.
然而,在此只有两个问题。其中,凡被问题所提出的词,正是那些以蕴等范畴所摄的诸法;关于这些法,一切处说为“以一蕴”等。这里的理趣是:以集谛来说,除渴爱之外,其余诸行皆为蕴等之摄所摄;反过来,它们又被那渴爱所摄。而那渴爱本身也再度被诸行以蕴等之摄所摄。一切处皆是此理趣。不过,在此处的无色法问题中,所谓一蕴即指行蕴或受蕴;在色法问题中,则指色蕴;在悲泣问题中,所谓一处即指声处,一界即指声界;在其余一切处,应知此义即是依法处、法界而说。
Pañhā panettha dveyeva honti. Tattha yaṃ pucchāya uddhaṭaṃ padaṃ, tadeva yehi dhammehi khandhādivasena saṅgahitaṃ, te dhamme sandhāya sabbattha ekena khandhenātiādi vuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ nayo – samudayasaccena hi taṇhāvajjā sesā saṅkhārā khandhādisaṅgahena saṅgahitā. Puna tehi taṇhāva saṅgahitā. Sā taṇhā puna saṅkhāreheva khandhādisaṅgahena saṅgahitāti. Eseva nayo sabbattha. Arūpadhammapucchāsu panettha saṅkhārakkhandho vā vedanākkhandho vā eko khandho nāma. Rūpadhammapucchāsu rūpakkhandho. Paridevapucchāya saddāyatanaṃ ekaṃ āyatanaṃ nāma. Saddadhātu ekā dhātu nāma, sesaṭṭhānesu dhammāyatanadhammadhātuvaseneva attho veditabboti.
第五种理趣 以非所摄释非所摄词之注
5. Pañcamanayo asaṅgahitenaasaṅgahitapadavaṇṇanā
193现在,为解释“以非所摄者释非所摄之词”,便从“以色蕴”等句开始。其中,凡是不被蕴等所摄、依蕴等而说为“非所摄”的,又进一步追问其不被蕴等所摄的原因,并作了回答。然而,这些词句在那些执取五蕴的苦谛等中,以及在执取与识俱的微细色为“无见无对”等词句中,是不适用的。因为依那样的词句,涅槃连被蕴摄受都不可得;除此涅槃之外,更无其余不被蕴等所摄的法存在。因此,这样的词句于此品中未被采用。不过,那些不将五蕴和识与微细色一并显示,而单独指出的词句,在此品中被采用了。它们的摄颂如下——
193. Idāni asaṅgahitena asaṅgahitapadaṃ bhājetuṃ rūpakkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yaṃ khandhādīhi asaṅgahitena khandhādivasena asaṅgahitaṃ, puna tasseva khandhādīhi asaṅgahaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Taṃ pañcakkhandhaggāhakesu dukkhasaccādīsu viññāṇena saddhiṃ sukhumarūpaggāhakesu anidassanaappaṭighādīsu ca padesu na yujjati. Tādisena hi padena nibbānaṃ khandhasaṅgahamattaṃ na gaccheyya. Sesā khandhādīhi asaṅgahitadhammā nāma natthi. Tasmā tathārūpāni padāni imasmiṃ vāre na gahitāni. Yāni pana pañcakkhandhe viññāṇañca sukhumarūpena saddhiṃ ekato na dīpenti, tāni idha gahitāni. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
一切蕴、如是与处、界,依谛为三;
一切诸根,从缘起而有二十三。
此后是十六词,于三法中有四十三词;
于牛脚中有七十二词,以及小中间有七词。
“于大中间所说词,有十八,从此以后;”
应知正是十八,其余此处未说。
‘‘Sabbe khandhā tathāyatanadhātuyo saccato tayo; Indriyānipi sabbāni, tevīsati paṭiccato. ‘‘Parato soḷasa padā, tecattālīsakaṃ tike; Gocchake sattati dve ca, satta cūḷantare padā. ‘‘Mahantare padā vuttā, aṭṭhārasa tato paraṃ; Aṭṭhāraseva ñātabbā, sesā idha na bhāsitā’’ti.
然而,此处的问题,依相似的回答而合并,总共有三十四种。其中,凡在问题中所提出的词,即是指那些不为蕴等所摄的法;对于这些法,便说“以一蕴”等。
Pañhā panettha sadisavissajjanānaṃ vasena samodhānetvā katihi saddhiṃ sabbepi catuttiṃsa honti. Tattha yaṃ pucchāya uddhaṭaṃ padaṃ, tadeva yehi khandhādīhi asaṅgahitaṃ, te dhamme sandhāya ekena khandhenātiādi vuttaṃ.
此处的理趣是——以色蕴,四蕴与涅槃被蕴的摄非所摄。然而,以处、界的摄,除了识之外,其余被摄,因此只有识被称为不被三蕴摄等所摄。再者,与那识一起,涅槃与四蕴被蕴等之摄非所摄。它们全部又被识以蕴等之摄非所摄,因此被称为“被一蕴、一处、七界非所摄”。或者——凡此以色蕴,只有识被三蕴等摄非所摄,那些色法也被那些识法以三摄非所摄。再者,那些色法又被识以三摄非所摄。而识,从蕴说是一识蕴,从处说是一意处,从界说是七识界。因此说“以一蕴”等。依此方法,在一切处,凡在问题中被提出的词,正是那些被诸法以蕴等方式非所摄的,依那些法,应知蕴等。其中,在第二问中,应知依色与识。因为受等正是被色与识以蕴等之摄非所摄。而他们是二蕴、十一处、十七界。
Tatrāyaṃ nayo – rūpakkhandhena hi cattāro khandhā nibbānañca khandhasaṅgahena asaṅgahitā. Āyatanadhātusaṅgahena pana ṭhapetvā viññāṇaṃ avasesā saṅgahitāti viññāṇameva tīhipi khandhasaṅgahādīhi asaṅgahitaṃ nāma. Puna tena viññāṇena saddhiṃ nibbānena cattāro khandhā khandhādisaṅgahena asaṅgahitā. Te sabbepi puna viññāṇeneva khandhādisaṅgahena asaṅgahitāti ekena khandhena, ekenāyatanena, sattahi dhātūhi asaṅgahitā nāma honti. Atha vā – yadetaṃ rūpakkhandhena viññāṇameva tīhi khandhādisaṅgahehi asaṅgahitaṃ, tehipi viññāṇadhammehi te rūpadhammāva tīhi saṅgahehi asaṅgahitā. Puna te rūpadhammā viññāṇeneva tīhi saṅgahehi asaṅgahitā. Viññāṇañca khandhato eko viññāṇakkhandho hoti, āyatanato ekaṃ manāyatanaṃ, dhātuto satta viññāṇadhātuyo. Tasmā ‘‘ekena khandhenā’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Iminā upāyena sabbattha yaṃ pucchāya uddhaṭaṃ padaṃ, tadeva yehi dhammehi khandhādivasena asaṅgahitaṃ, tesaṃ dhammānaṃ vasena khandhādayo veditabbā. Tattha dutiyapañhe tāva – rūpaviññāṇānaṃ vasena veditabbā. Vedanādayo hi rūpaviññāṇeheva khandhādisaṅgahena asaṅgahitā. Te ca dve khandhā ekādasāyatanāni sattarasa dhātuyo honti.
195第三问——识不被色等四蕴所摄,是故,依此诸蕴,应知蕴等。
195. Tatiyapañhe – viññāṇaṃ rūpādīhi catūhi asaṅgahitanti tesaṃ vasena khandhādayo veditabbā.
196第四问——眼处被受等四蕴非所摄。依此理趣,于一切处应知蕴等。末尾所言“色与法处”,正是以摄颂所标示的诸法,以另一种方式简摄而显示。
196. Catutthapañhe – cakkhāyatanaṃ vedanādīhi catūhīti iminā nayena sabbattha khandhādayo veditabbā. Pariyosāne – rūpañca dhammāyatananti uddānagāthāya dassitadhammāyeva aññenākārena saṅkhipitvā dassitāti.
第六章 相应不相应句释
6. Chaṭṭhanayo sampayogavippayogapadavaṇṇanā
228现在,为了分别“相应”与“不相应”这两个词,开始阐述“色蕴”等。其中,所可得者与不可得者,这一切都由提问所涵盖。然而在回答中,对于不可得者,则以“没有”来否定。因为说“与四种相应,与四种不相应;同类与异类”,所以只有与四种无色蕴同类的、在同一相续中、同一刹那生起的无色蕴之间,才得到互相相应。至于色法,与色或涅槃之间,以及涅槃与色之间,并没有所谓的相应。同样,色与涅槃对于无色蕴来说,也是异类,因为它们彼此不同类。正如无色蕴与色、涅槃没有相应一样,不同相续、不同刹那的无色法之间也完全没有相应。由于相续和刹那的差异性,它们同样是异类。然而,这种异类性在“摄”的意义上,因其相违而不存在,于摄的门径中是没有的。因为“摄”的意义仅仅是归入算数。但在“相应”的门径中,这种异类性是存在的,因为“相应”的意义是具有同生等特征。如此,在此处,对于某一法,即使连一个法与之相应的特征都不成立,那么即使在提问中将其纳入“摄”,也以“没有”来否定。而对于不相应的特征得以成立的,则显示其“不相应”。至于那些在
228. Idāni sampayogavippayogapadaṃ bhājetuṃ rūpakkhandhotiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yaṃ labbhati yañca na labbhati taṃ sabbaṃ pucchāya gahitaṃ. Vissajjane pana yaṃ na labbhati, taṃ natthīti paṭikkhittaṃ. Catūhi sampayogo, catūhi vippayogo; sabhāgo visabhāgoti hi vacanato catūhi arūpakkhandheheva sabhāgānaṃ ekasantānasmiṃ ekakkhaṇe uppannānaṃ arūpakkhandhānaṃyeva aññamaññaṃ sampayogo labbhati. Rūpadhammānaṃ pana rūpena nibbānena vā, nibbānassa ca rūpena saddhiṃ sampayogo nāma natthi. Tathā rūpanibbānānaṃ arūpakkhandhehi, visabhāgā hi te tesaṃ. Yathā ca arūpakkhandhānaṃ rūpanibbānehi, evaṃ bhinnasantānehi nānākkhaṇikehi arūpadhammehipi saddhiṃ natthiyeva. Tepi hi tesaṃ santānakkhaṇavisabhāgatāya visabhāgāyeva. Ayaṃ pana visabhāgatā saṅgahaṭṭhena virujjhanato saṅgahanaye natthi. Gaṇanūpagamattañhi saṅgahaṭṭho. Sampayoganaye pana atthi, ekuppādatādilakkhaṇañhi sampayogaṭṭhoti. Evamettha yassa ekadhammenapi sampayogalakkhaṇaṃ na yujjhati, tassa pucchāya saṅgahaṃ katvāpi natthīti paṭikkhepo kato. Yassa vippayogalakkhaṇaṃ yujjati, tassa vippayogo dassito. Yāni pana padāni sattasu viññāṇadhātūsu ekāyapi avippayutte rūpena nibbānena vā missakadhamme dīpenti, tāni sabbathāpi idha na yujjantīti na gahitāni. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
法处、法界、苦谛与命根,
六处、名色,以及四种大存在。
生、老与死,于三法分组中为十九;
于聚分组中为五十,于小中间分组中为八句。
于大中间分组中为十五,其后的组别为十八;
此一百二十三句,于相应中不可得。
‘‘Dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu, dukkhasaccañca jīvitaṃ; Saḷāyatanaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, cattāro ca mahābhavā. ‘‘Jātijarā ca maraṇaṃ, tikesvekūnavīsati; Gocchakesu ca paññāsa, aṭṭha cūḷantare padā. ‘‘Mahantare pannarasa, aṭṭhārasa tato pare; Tevīsa padasataṃ etaṃ, sampayoge na labbhatī’’ti.
由于法处杂有色与涅槃,因此对于不属其中的识,也不能说与之相应。然而,此法处中的受等是与识相应的,故亦不能说它们不相应。其余情形,同理可知。如此,这些语句于一切处皆不适用,故此处不予采用。其余诸蕴等则适用,故采用之,并各别与综合地进行问答。此中,第一问:“与一处”,即与意处;“与某些”,即与属于法处、法界的受、想、行。
Dhammāyatanañhi rūpanibbānamissakattā tasmiṃ apariyāpannena viññāṇenapi na sakkā sampayuttanti vattuṃ. Yasmā panettha vedanādayo viññāṇena sampayuttā, tasmā vippayuttantipi na sakkā vattuṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Evaṃ sabbatthāpi etāni na yujjantīti idha na gahitāni. Sesāni khandhādīni yujjantīti tāni gahetvā ekekavasena ca samodhānena ca pañhavissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Tesu pañhesu, paṭhame – ekenāyatanenāti manāyatanena. Kehicīti dhammāyatanadhammadhātupariyāpannehi vedanāsaññāsaṅkhārehi.
229229. 于第二问中:“与三”,指除所问及的蕴之外,与其余三蕴。“与某些相应”,即受蕴与想、行二蕴相应;余蕴亦除去自身,与其余蕴相应。“与某些不相应”,即与色及涅槃不相应。如此,于一切处,对色不相应者,应视为法处、法界中的无色法;对无色不相应者,应视为色。第三问意义明显。
229. Dutiye – tīhīti pucchitaṃ pucchitaṃ ṭhapetvā sesehi. Kehici sampayuttoti vedanākkhandho saññāsaṅkhārehi. Itarepi attānaṃ ṭhapetvā itarehi. Kehici vippayuttoti rūpanibbānehi. Evaṃ sabbattha rūpassa vippayoge dhammāyatanadhammadhātūsu arūpaṃ, arūpassa vippayoge rūpaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tatiyapañho uttānatthova.
231231. 第四问:没有说“与多少蕴”等,而是直接说“相应者,无有”。但这应理解为只是就蕴等本身而言。对于后面类似的问题,也依同样的方法。因为在最初的问题中,从自性上作了显示,后面的圣典便简略了。应以此方法,在一切处了知义理的关联。然而,对于不太明显的地方,我们将使其明了后再作解说。
231. Catutthe – ‘katihi khandhehī’tiādiṃ avatvā sampayuttanti natthīti vuttaṃ. Taṃ pana khandhādīnaṃyeva vasena veditabbaṃ. Paratopi evarūpesu pañhesu eseva nayo. Ādipañhasmiñhi sarūpato dassetvā parato pāḷi saṃkhittā. Iminā nayena sabbattha atthayojanā veditabbā. Yattha pana nātipākaṭā bhavissati, tattha naṃ pākaṭaṃ katvāva gamissāma.
234234. “与十六界”:譬如眼识界,除去自身后,与六识界及十色界相应。对于其余的界,也依同样的方法。
234.Soḷasahi dhātūhīti cakkhuviññāṇadhātu tāva attānaṃ ṭhapetvā chahi viññāṇadhātūhi, dasahi ca rūpadhātūhi. Sesāsupi eseva nayo.
235235. “与三蕴”:即除去行蕴后,与其余的三蕴相应。“与一界”:即与意识界相应,因为集谛和道谛与其他界没有相应。“与一蕴”:即与行蕴相应。“与一处”:即与法处相应。“与一界”:即与法界相应。在这些当中,那对二谛(集谛、道谛)与某些法相应。
235.Tīhikhandhehīti saṅkhārakkhandhaṃ ṭhapetvā sesehi. Ekāya dhātuyāti manoviññāṇadhātuyā. Samudayamaggānañhi aññāya dhātuyā sampayogo natthi. Ekena khandhenāti saṅkhārakkhandhena. Ekenāyatanenāti dhammāyatanena. Ekāyadhātuyāti dhammadhātuyā. Etesu hi taṃ saccadvayaṃ kehici sampayuttaṃ.
238关于乐根等问题:“与三”是指与想、行、识三蕴。“与一界”是指与身识界和意识界。“与六界”是指与除身识界外的六界。
238. Sukhindriyādipañhe – tīhīti saññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇehi. Ekāya dhātuyāti kāyaviññāṇadhātuyā, manoviññāṇadhātuyā ca. Chahi dhātūhīti kāyaviññāṇadhātuvajjāhi.
245关于色有问题的解答:因为一切无色蕴和无色处都存在,所以说“不与任何界相应”。又因为鼻、舌、身识界不存在,所以说“与三界不相应”。
245. Rūpabhavapañhe – sabbesampi arūpakkhandhānaṃ arūpāyatanānañca atthitāya na kehicīti vuttaṃ. Ghānajivhākāyaviññāṇadhātūnaṃ pana natthitāya tīhi dhātūhi vippayuttoti vuttaṃ.
256关于胜解问题:“与二界”是指与意界和意识界。“与十五”是指与其余的十色界,以及眼识等五界。
256. Adhimokkhapañhe – dvīhi dhātūhīti manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātūhi. Pannarasahīti sesāhi dasahi rūpadhātūhi, pañcahi ca cakkhuviññāṇādīhi.
257善问:善法含摄四蕴,故否定相应。
257. Kusalapañhe – kusalehi catunnampi khandhānaṃ gahitattā sampayogo paṭikkhitto.
258受三法问:“与一蕴”即唯与受蕴相应。“与十五者”即与眼识界、耳识界、鼻识界、舌识界、意界,以及色界。“与十一者”即与身识界,以及与色界。
258. Vedanāttikapañhe – ekena khandhenāti vedanākkhandheneva. Pannarasahīti cakkhusotaghānajivhāviññāṇadhātumanodhātūhi ceva rūpadhātūhi ca. Ekādasahīti kāyaviññāṇadhātuyā saddhiṃ rūpadhātūhi.
262于“非果报非果报法”问——“以五者”指眼识等五识。于“无取无执取”问——“以六者”指除去意识界之外者。于“有寻有伺”问——“以十五者”指五识与色界诸法。于“无寻唯伺”问——“以一蕴”等,当知依行蕴而说。除第二禅之伺,余即称为无寻唯伺;除喜,余即称为喜俱行。于此,伺不与伺相应,喜不与喜相应,故于行蕴、法处、法界中与某些法相应。所谓“以十六者”,即除去法界与意界。于“无寻无伺”问——“以一界”指意界。乐俱行与舍俱行,如受三法中已说。以见等所应断者,与善法相似。
262. Nevavipākanavipākadhammadhammapañhe – pañcahīti cakkhuviññāṇādīhi. Anupādinnaanupādāniyapañhe – chahīti manoviññāṇadhātuvajjāhi. Savitakkasavicārapañhe – pannarasahīti pañcahi viññāṇehi saddhiṃ rūpadhātūhi. Avitakkavicāramattapañhe – ekena khandhenātiādi saṅkhārakkhandhavaseneva veditabbaṃ. Dutiyajjhānavicārañhi ṭhapetvā sesā avitakkavicāramattā nāma. Pītiṃ ṭhapetvā sesā pītisahagatā. Tattha vicāro vicārena, pīti ca pītiyā na sampayuttāti saṅkhārakkhandhadhammāyatanadhammadhātūsu kehici sampayuttā nāma. Soḷasahīti dhammadhātumanoviññāṇadhātuvajjāheva. Avitakkaavicārapañhe – ekāya dhātuyāti manodhātuyā. Sukhasahagatā upekkhāsahagatā ca vedanāttike vuttāva. Dassanenapahātabbādayo kusalasadisāva.
271小所缘与果报法相似。‘以一界’指法界。‘与某些’指那些不属于小所缘的法。然而,法界由六种小所缘心所生起的四蕴所摄,因此只属于第一种否定。大所缘等与善法相似。
271.Parittārammaṇaṃ vipākadhammasadisaṃ. Ekāya dhātuyāti dhammadhātuyā. Kehicīti ye tattha parittārammaṇā na honti, tehi. Dhammadhātu pana parittārammaṇānaṃ channaṃ cittuppādānaṃ vasena catūhi khandhehi saṅgahitattā paṭhamapaṭikkhepameva bhajati. Mahaggatārammaṇādayo kusalasadisāva.
273在‘未生’一项中——‘以五界’指眼识等。因为它们纯粹是生起之法,但也属于已生部分。现在所缘等与小所缘相似。因等与集相似。有因而非因与喜俱行相似。同样地,见执相应。无执取与未生相似。其余一切处,其义可知。
273. Anuppannesu – pañcahi dhātūhīti cakkhuviññāṇādīhi. Tāni hi ekantena uppādidhammabhūtāneva, uppannakoṭṭhāsampi pana bhajanti. Paccuppannārammaṇādayo parittārammaṇasadisāva . Hetuādayo samudayasadisāva. Sahetukā ceva na ca hetūpi pītisahagatasadisāva. Tathā parāmāsasampayuttā. Anupādinnā anuppannasadisāva. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.
第七种理趣:以相应解释不相应词
7. Sattamanayo sampayuttenavippayuttapadavaṇṇanā
306306. 为分析“以相应与不相应”一词,今以“受蕴”等起始。此处的特点是:在相应不相应这一品中,先问与所举之法相应的诸法,再问与他们不相应的诸法;以蕴等为范畴,探问其不相应,然后给予解答。但此处理方式并不适用于色蕴等处。因为并没有与色蕴相应者。因此,此品未取用色蕴等词。唯有那些与法界相应、且不与识等其他界混杂的词,才在此被采用。其摄颂如下:
306. Idāni sampayuttenavippayuttapadaṃ bhājetuṃ vedanākkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tatridaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ – imasmiñhi vāre pucchāya uddhaṭapadena ye dhammā sampayuttā, tehi ye dhammā vippayuttā, tesaṃ khandhādīhi vippayogaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Taṃ pana rūpakkhandhādīsu na yujjati. Rūpakkhandhena hi sampayuttā nāma natthi. Tasmā tañca aññāni ca evarūpāni padāni imasmiṃ vāre na gahitāni. Yāni pana padāni dhammadhātuyā sampayutte dhamme viññāṇañca aññena asammissaṃ dīpenti, tāni idha gahitāni. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
‘‘Cattāro khandhāyatanañca ekaṃ, Dve indriyā dhātupadāni satta; Tayo paṭiccā atha phassasattakaṃ, Tike tayo satta mahantare ca. ‘‘Ekaṃ savitakkaṃ, savicāramekaṃ; Yuttaṃ upekkhāya ca ekamevā’’ti.
在结尾部分,“四蕴”等也含摄了同样的义理。凡是遇到相似解答的文句,纵使顺序不同,也加以归纳,并依此提出受蕴等问。此中蕴等的分类应如此了知:首先,在受蕴等问中——“以一者”指意处;“以七者”指识界;“与某些”指法处中的受等。在识界问中——“那些法不与任何”,是指除提问中所举的识界以外,其余的六识界、色与涅槃。由于它们摄尽一切蕴、处,故与一切蕴、处无不相应。“以一界”,指各个提问中所举之界。
Pariyosāne – khandhā caturotiādināpi ayamevattho saṅgahito. Tattha yāni padāni sadisavissajjanāni, tāni uppaṭipāṭiyāpi samodhānetvā tattha vedanākkhandhādikā pañhā katā. Tesu evaṃ khandhādivibhāgo veditabbo. Vedanākkhandhādipañhe tāva – ekenāti manāyatanena. Sattahīti viññāṇadhātūhi. Kehicīti dhammāyatane vedanādīhi. Viññāṇadhātupañhe – te dhammā na kehicīti te pucchāya uddhaṭapadaṃ viññāṇadhātuṃ ṭhapetvā sesā cha viññāṇadhātudhammā, rūpaṃ, nibbānañca. Tehi sabbesaṃ khandhāyatanānaṃ saṅgahitattā na kehici khandhehi āyatanehi vā vippayuttā. Ekāya dhātuyāti yā yā pucchāya uddhaṭā hoti tāya tāya.
309309. 在舍根问中——“以五者”指与舍相应的眼识界等。依此理趣,应知一切处皆依与提问中所举之词不相应者而解其义。
309. Upekkhindriyapañhe – pañcahīti upekkhāsampayuttāhi cakkhuviññāṇadhātuādīhi. Iminā nayena sabbattha pucchāya uddhaṭapadeneva saddhiṃ vippayuttānaṃ vasena attho veditabboti.
8. 第八种方式:以不相应解释相应词
8. Aṭṭhamanayo vippayuttenasampayuttapadavaṇṇanā
317317. 今为辨析“以不相应解说相应”之词,始说“以色蕴”等句。于中,一切设问皆为无效之问。何以故?与色蕴不相应者,即其余四蕴,他们与余法实无相应。与受蕴不相应者,即色法与涅槃,彼与任何法亦无相应。于一切处皆如此。当知凡不相应者,即无相应。如是,因问无效,故于一切答中只回答“无、无”。
317. Idāni vippayuttenasampayuttapadaṃ bhājetuṃ rūpakkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha sabbāpi pucchā moghapucchāva . Rūpakkhandhena hi vippayuttā nāma cattāro khandhā, tesaṃ aññehi sampayogo natthi. Vedanākkhandhena vippayuttaṃ rūpaṃ nibbānañca, tassa ca kenaci sampayogo natthi. Evaṃ sabbapadesu. Vippayuttānaṃ pana sampayogābhāvo veditabbo. Iti pucchāya moghattā sabbavissajjanesu natthi natthiicceva vuttanti.
9. 第九种方式:以相应解释相应词
9. Navamanayo sampayuttenasampayuttapadavaṇṇanā
319319. 现在,为了分析“以相应说相应”这一句,便从“以受蕴”等开始。在这里,先问从蕴等角度相应的是什么,再问它们与蕴等如何相应,并作解答。这并不适用于与色、或与色混合者、或与含摄一切色蕴的词一同使用。因为色或与色混合者,与其他法并无相应;而含摄一切色蕴的词已摄尽了所有应相应的蕴等,故再无其他法可与之相应。因此,本品不采用那样的词。只有那些显示不与色混合的无色部分之词,才被本品采用。它们的摄颂如下:
319. Idāni sampayuttenasampayuttapadaṃ bhājetuṃ vedanākkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yaṃ khandhādivasena sampayuttaṃ, puna tasseva khandhādīhi sampayogaṃ pucchitvā vissajjanaṃ kataṃ. Taṃ rūpena vā rūpamissakehi vā sabbarūpakkhandhasaṅgāhakehi vā padehi saddhiṃ na yujjati. Rūpena hi rūpamissakena vā aññesaṃ sampayogo natthi. Sabbarūpakkhandhasaṅgāhakehi sabbesaṃ sampayogārahānaṃ khandhādīnaṃ gahitattā aññaṃyeva natthi, yaṃ tena saha sampayogaṃ gaccheyya. Tasmā tathārūpāni padāni idha na gahitāni. Yāni pana padāni rūpena asammissaṃ arūpekadesaṃ dīpenti, tāni idha gahitāni. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
缘有十二句,从此以上十六句;
三法中八句,聚中四十三;
大双中七句,后双中六句。
‘‘Arūpakkhandhā cattāro, manāyatanameva ca; Viññāṇadhātuyo satta, dve saccā cuddasindriyā. ‘‘Paccaye dvādasa padā, tato upari soḷasa; Tikesu aṭṭha gocchake, tecattālīsameva ca. ‘‘Mahantaraduke satta, padā piṭṭhidukesu cha; Navamassa padassete, niddese saṅgahaṃ gatā’’ti.
然而,于一切问中,凡由提问所引出的法,它们与哪些法相应,即应依他们法来理解蕴等分类。因为受蕴与其他三蕴相应,而受蕴也与彼诸蕴相应。它与想等三蕴、一个意处、七个识界、一个法处及法界中的某些想与行相应。此理遍于一切。
Sabbapañhesu pana ye dhammā pucchāya uddhaṭā, te yehi sampayuttā honti, tesaṃ vasena khandhādibhedo veditabbo . Vedanākkhandhena hi itare tayo khandhā sampayuttā, puna tehi vedanākkhandho sampayutto. So tehi saññādīhi tīhi khandhehi, ekena manāyatanena, sattahi viññāṇadhātūhi, ekasmiṃ dhammāyatane, dhammadhātuyā ca, kehici saññāsaṅkhāreheva sampayutto. Eseva nayo sabbatthāti.
第十种方式:释“与不相应者不相应”句。
10. Dasamanayo vippayuttenavippayuttapadavaṇṇanā
353353. 现在,为了分别“与不相应者不相应”一词,而以“色蕴”等作为开端。其中,在相应与不相应词句的解说中所引出的色蕴等法,在一切问中正是这些法被引出。然而,由于相似的答法被归在一处,词句便以不同的次第出现。其中,凡是在问中被引出的词,应依它与哪些法不相应,来理解蕴等分类。因为色蕴与受等不相应,反过来,受等也与色蕴不相应。而涅槃则如同微细色一般。即:那色蕴与四蕴、一个意处、七个识界,以及法处、法界中的某些受等法不相应。此理遍于一切。
353. Idāni vippayuttenavippayuttapadaṃ bhājetuṃ rūpakkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ye sampayogavippayogapadaniddese rūpakkhandhādayo dhammā uddhaṭā, sabbapucchāsu teyeva uddhaṭā. Sadisavissajjanānaṃ pana ekato gahitattā padāni aññāya paṭipāṭiyā āgatāni. Tattha yaṃ padaṃ pucchāya uddhaṭaṃ, taṃ yehi dhammehi vippayuttaṃ, tesaṃ vasena khandhādivibhāgo veditabbo. Rūpakkhandhena hi vedanādayo vippayuttā, tehi ca rūpakkhandho vippayutto. Nibbānaṃ pana sukhumarūpagatikameva. So rūpakkhandho catūhi khandhehi, ekena manāyatanena sattahi viññāṇadhātūhi, dhammāyatanadhammadhātūsu, kehici vedanādīhi dhammeheva vippayutto. Eseva nayo sabbatthāti.
第十一种方式:对“与被摄者相应及不相应”一词的解说。
11. Ekādasamanayo saṅgahitenasampayuttavippayuttapadavaṇṇanā
409409. 现在,为了分别“与被摄者相应及不相应”一词,而以“集谛”等作为开端。其中,在“以被摄者摄持”词句的解说中所引出的集谛等法,在一切问中正是这些法被引出。然而,由于相似的答法被归在一处,词句便以不同的次第出现。其中,凡是在问中被引出的词,对于由蕴等摄持而成为所摄的法,应依它们与哪些法有相应或不相应,来理解蕴等分类。
409. Idāni saṅgahitenasampayuttavippayuttapadaṃ bhājetuṃ samudayasaccenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ye saṅgahitenasaṅgahitapadaniddese samudayasaccādayova dhammā uddhaṭā, sabbapucchāsu teyeva uddhaṭā. Sadisavissajjanānaṃ pana ekato gahitattā padāni aññāya paṭipāṭiyā āgatāni. Tattha ye dhammā pucchāya uddhaṭapadena khandhādisaṅgahena saṅgahitā, tesaṃ yehi sampayogo vā vippayogo vā hoti, tesaṃ vasena khandhādivibhāgo veditabbo.
此处的方法如下:首先,就集谛而言,行蕴所摄的法,是以蕴等分类所摄持的。这些法与其余三蕴、一个意处、七个识界相应,并且,除了渴爱之外,还与行蕴中法处、法界所摄的其余法相应,因此称为‘与某些相应’。然而,它们与一个色蕴、十个色处、色界不相应,并与一个法处、法界中的色及涅槃不相应,因此称为‘与某些不相应’。应以此方法类推一切处的意义。
Tatrāyaṃ nayo – samudayasaccena tāva saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpannā dhammā khandhādisaṅgahena saṅgahitā. Te ca sesehi tīhi khandhehi, ekena manāyatanena, sattahi viññāṇadhātūhi, saṅkhārakkhandhe dhammāyatanadhammadhātūsu ca ṭhapetvā taṇhaṃ sesehi sampayuttattā kehici sampayuttā nāma. Ekena pana rūpakkhandhena, dasahi rūpāyatanehi, rūpadhātūhi ca vippayuttā, ekasmiṃ dhammāyatane dhammadhātuyā ca, rūpanibbānehi vippayuttattā kehici vippayuttā nāma. Iminā upāyena sabbattha attho veditabboti.
第十二种方式:解释‘与相应者所摄及不摄’一词
12. Dvādasamanayo sampayuttenasaṅgahitāsaṅgahitapadavaṇṇanā
417现在,为了分析‘与相应者所摄及不摄’这一词,开始解说‘以受蕴’等。其中,在解释‘与相应者相应’这一词句时所引出的受蕴等法,正是所有发问中所引出的那些法。其中,对于由提问所引出的词语所相应的那些法,应当依据它们被哪些法所摄、不被哪些法所摄,来理解蕴等分类。
417. Idāni sampayuttenasaṅgahitāsaṅgahitapadaṃ bhājetuṃ vedanākkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ye sampayuttenasampayuttapadaniddese vedanākkhandhādayo dhammā uddhaṭā, sabbapucchāsu teyeva uddhaṭā. Tattha ye dhammā pucchāya uddhaṭapadena sampayuttā, tesaṃ yehi saṅgaho vā asaṅgaho vā hoti, tesaṃ vasena khandhādibhedo veditabbo.
此处的方法如下——受蕴与想等诸法相应。那些想等法,被想、行、识三蕴,法处与意处二处,以及法界和七个识界(即八界)所摄,而不为其余的蕴、处、界所摄。应以此方法理解一切处的意义。
Tatrāyaṃ nayo – vedanākkhandho hi saññādīhi sampayutto. Te saññādayo tīhi saññādikkhandhehi, dvīhi dhammāyatanamanāyatanehi, dhammadhātuyā ceva, sattahi ca viññāṇadhātūhīti aṭṭhahi dhātūhi saṅgahitā, sesāhi khandhāyatanadhātūhi asaṅgahitā. Iminā upāyena sabbattha attho veditabboti.
第十三种方式:解释“与不被摄者相应及不相应”句
13. Terasamanayo asaṅgahitenasampayuttavippayuttapadavaṇṇanā
448448. 现在,为了分析“与不被摄者相应及不相应”一句,开始说明“以色蕴”等。其中,在第五种“以不被摄者不被摄”这一词句的解说中,与色蕴相似的问题之法,以及与无色有相似的法,正是这些被引出。然而,其余的不成立,故未引出。因为对于受蕴,依蕴等而言,色与非色法不被摄持,而且它们之间并没有所谓“相应”的关系。因此,只有那些成立的词句,才连同相似的答复一起被汇集而引出。其中,凡是由提问引出的、依蕴等而不被摄持的法,它们与哪些法相应或不相应,就应依那些法来理解蕴等分类。
448. Idāni asaṅgahitenasampayuttavippayuttapadaṃ bhājetuṃ rūpakkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ye pañcame asaṅgahitenaasaṅgahitapadaniddese rūpakkhandhena sadisapañhā dhammā, ye ca arūpabhavena sadisā, teyeva uddhaṭā. Sesā pana na ruhantīti na uddhaṭā. Vedanākkhandhena hi khandhādivasena pana rūpārūpadhammā asaṅgahitā honti. Tesañca sampayogo nāma natthi. Tasmā yāni padāni ruhanti, tāneva sadisavissajjanehi saddhiṃ samodhānetvā uddhaṭāni. Tattha ye dhammā pucchāya uddhaṭadhammehi khandhādivasena asaṅgahitā, te yehi sampayuttā ca vippayuttā ca, tesaṃ vasena khandhādivibhāgo veditabbo.
此处的方法如下:首先,就色蕴而言,唯独识不被三种摄持所摄。此识与受等三蕴、以及法处和法界中的受等诸法相应;与一种色蕴、十种色处与十种色界、以及法处和法界中的色法与涅槃法不相应。正是针对此识,说“那些法以三蕴”等。应以此方法了知一切处之意义。
Tatrāyaṃ nayo – rūpakkhandhena tāva viññāṇameva tīhi saṅgahehi asaṅgahitaṃ. Taṃ vedanādīhi tīhi khandhehi, dhammāyatanadhammadhātūsu ca vedanādīheva sampayuttaṃ. Ekena rūpakkhandhena, dasahi rūpāyatanarūpadhātūhi, dhammāyatanadhammadhātūsu ca rūpanibbānadhammehi vippayuttaṃ. Taṃ sandhāya te dhammā tīhi khandhehītiādi vuttaṃ. Iminā nayena sabbattha attho veditabboti.
第十四种方法:解释“与不相应者所摄及不摄”一语
14. Cuddasamanayo vippayuttenasaṅgahitāsaṅgahitapadavaṇṇanā
456456. 现在,为了分析“与不相应者所摄及不摄”一语,开始阐述“以色蕴”等。在此,那些无法建立不相应关系的词语,于此项中不予采用。哪些是这些呢?即法处等。因为法处与蕴等任何一者,其不相应关系都无法成立。法界等也是如此。其概要如下——
456. Idāni vippayuttenasaṅgahitāsaṅgahitapadaṃ bhājetuṃ rūpakkhandhenātiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yesaṃ padānaṃ vippayogo na ruhati, tāni imasmiṃ vāre na gahitāni. Kāni pana tānīti? Dhammāyatanādīni. Dhammāyatanassa hi khandhādīsu ekenāpi vippayogo na ruhati. Dhammadhātuādīsupi eseva nayo. Tesaṃ idamuddānaṃ –
「生」等三法合为一词,在第二十三组三法中为一词;
三法结尾有一项,另有七个小中间词。
‘‘Dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātu, jīvitindriyameva ca; Nāmarūpapadañceva, saḷāyatanameva ca. ‘‘Jātiādittayaṃ ekaṃ, padaṃ vīsatime tike; Tikāvasānikaṃ ekaṃ, satta cūḷantare padā. ‘‘Daseva gocchake honti, mahantaramhi cuddasa; Cha padāni tato uddhaṃ sabbānipi samāsato; Padāni ca na labbhanti, cattālīsañca satta cā’’ti.
结尾处,偈颂云:“法处即法界”,此偈亦为阐明此义而说。然而,除这些之外,其余一切皆可得。其中的蕴等分类,应依前述之理而了知。
Pariyosāne ca – dhammāyatanaṃ dhammadhātūti gāthāpi imamevatthaṃ dīpetuṃ vuttā. Imāni pana ṭhapetvā sesāni sabbānipi labbhanti. Tesu khandhādivibhāgo vuttanayānusāreneva veditabboti.
如上所述——
Ettāvatā ca –
善能分别界之差别者,即是如来所说之《界论》;
对此论纲要门类分别的阐明,至此已告完成。
然而,若对每一句都详加解说,
言辞将变得极其繁多,义理却无差别。
如此,此不足两诵分之论典,乃我所造;
愿以此所获福德,成为世间之安乐。
Dhātuppabhedakusalo, yaṃ dhātukathaṃ tathāgato āha; Tassā nayamukhabheda-ppakāsanaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ hoti. Iminā nayamukhabheda-ppakāsanena hi vibhāvinā sakkā; Ñātuṃ sabbepi nayā, saṅkhepakathāva iti vuttā. Ekekassa pana sace, padassa vitthārameva bhāseyyaṃ; Vacanañca ativiya bahuṃ, bhaveyya attho ca aviseso. Iti ūnabhāṇavāradvayāya, yaṃ tantiyā mayā etaṃ; Kurunā pattaṃ puññaṃ, sukhāya taṃ hotu lokassāti.
阿毗达摩藏中。
Abhidhammapiṭake