一、论母解释
1. Mātikāvaṇṇanā
一、理法论母解释
1. Nayamātikāvaṇṇanā
1依“摄”与“非摄”等,即说此论以十四种方式分别,此已说明。所有这一切依概说与详说分为二种。其中,论母为概说。论母有五种:理法论母、内论母、理法门论母、相论母、外论母。其中,“摄、非摄……乃至……与不相应者摄、非摄”,这是由十四词安立的理法论母。此论母是为显示“界论诸法依此摄等分别”而安立,故称理法论母。由于这些词是根本,故亦可称根本论母。
1.Saṅgahoasaṅgahotiādīnañhi vasena idaṃ pakaraṇaṃ cuddasavidhena vibhattanti vuttaṃ. Taṃ sabbampi uddesaniddesato dvidhā ṭhitaṃ. Tattha mātikā uddeso. Sā pañcavidhā – nayamātikā, abbhantaramātikā, nayamukhamātikā, lakkhaṇamātikā, bāhiramātikāti. Tattha saṅgaho asaṅgaho…pe… vippayuttena saṅgahitaṃ asaṅgahitanti – ayaṃ cuddasahi padehi nikkhittā nayamātikā nāma. Ayañhi iminā saṅgahādikena nayena dhātukathā dhammā vibhattāti dassetuṃ ṭhapitattā nayamātikāti vuccati. Etesaṃ padānaṃ mūlabhūtattā mūlamātikātipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati.
二、内部论母解释
2. Abbhantaramātikāvaṇṇanā
2“五蕴……乃至……作意”,这是由一百二十五词安立的内论母。此论母并非说“一切法集论是界论的论母”,而是以摄等方式显示了应分别的蕴等诸法的自性,并安立于界论内部,故称为内论母。由于蕴等词未被法集论论母所摄,故亦可称杂论母。
2.Pañcakkhandhā…pe… manasikāroti ayaṃ pañcavīsādhikena padasatena nikkhittā abbhantaramātikā nāma. Ayañhi ‘‘sabbāpi dhammasaṅgaṇī dhātukathāya mātikā’’ti evaṃ avatvā saṅgahādinā nayena vibhajitabbe khandhādidhamme sarūpato dassetvā dhātukathāya abbhantareyeva ṭhapitattā abbhantaramātikāti vuccati. Khandhādipadānaṃ dhammasaṅgaṇīmātikāya asaṅgahitattā pakiṇṇakamātikātipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati.
三、理法门论母解释
3. Nayamukhamātikāvaṇṇanā
3“以三法摄,以三法非摄;以四法相应,以四法不相应”——这是由四词所安立的理法门论母。此论母是为了显示:在一切五蕴等及善三法等论母法中,应以三法——蕴、处、界词来配合摄与非摄;同样地,应以四法——四无色蕴来配合相应与不相应。此论母正是为了显示这些摄、非摄等理法的门面而安立,故称为理法门论母。
3.Tīhi saṅgaho, tīhi asaṅgaho; catūhi sampayogo, catūhi vippayogoti ayaṃ catūhi padehi nikkhittā nayamukhamātikā nāma. Ayañhi sabbesupi pañcakkhandhādīsu ceva kusalattikādīsu ca mātikādhammesu, tīhi khandhāyatanadhātupadeheva saṅgaho ca asaṅgaho ca yojetabbo. Tathā catūhi arūpakkhandhehi sampayogo ca vippayogo ca. Etāni imesaṃ saṅgahāsaṅgahādīnaṃ nayānaṃ mukhānīti dassetuṃ ṭhapitattā nayamukhamātikāti vuccati.
四、相论母解释
4. Lakkhaṇamātikāvaṇṇanā
4“同类、异类”——这是由二词所安立的相论母。此论母是为了显示:依同类相诸法配合摄之理法,依异类相诸法配合非摄之理法,同样配合相应与不相应之理法;如此依同类异类之相而显示摄等之相,故称为相论母。
4.Sabhāgo, visabhāgoti ayaṃ dvīhi padehi nikkhittā lakkhaṇamātikā nāma. Ayañhi sabhāgalakkhaṇehi dhammehi saṅgahanayo, visabhāgalakkhaṇehi asaṅgahanayo, tathā sampayogavippayoganayo yojetabboti sabhāgavisabhāgalakkhaṇavasena saṅgahādilakkhaṇaṃ dassetuṃ ṭhapitattā lakkhaṇamātikāti vuccati.
五、外部论母解释
5. Bāhiramātikāvaṇṇanā
5“一切法集论是界论的论母”——这是总括六十三论词与二百二论词而安立的外论母。此论母并非如‘五蕴……乃至……作意’那样安立于界论之内,而是以‘一切法集论’的形式安立于界论论母之外,故称为外论母。
5.Sabbāpi dhammasaṅgaṇī dhātukathāya mātikāti ayaṃ chasaṭṭhi tikapadāni, dve ca dukapadasatāni saṅkhipitvā nikkhittā bāhiramātikā nāma. Ayañhi ‘‘pañcakkhandhā…pe… manasikāro’’ti evaṃ dhātukathāya abbhantare avatvā ‘‘sabbāpi dhammasaṅgaṇī’’ti evaṃ dhātukathāya mātikato bahi ṭhapitattā bāhiramātikāti vuccati.
如此了知论母的五种安立之后,现在于“摄、非摄”等中,摄依种类、同生、作用、计数而有四种。其中,“一切刹帝利来,一切婆罗门来,一切吠舍来,一切首陀罗来”,以及“毗舍佉贤友,正语、正业、正命,这些法摄于戒蕴”——这是种类摄。正如于说“同一类者来”之处,此处一切由种类而成为一摄。“一切拘萨罗人来,一切摩揭陀人来,一切婆卢迦车人来”,以及“毗舍佉贤友,正精进、正念、正定,这些法摄于定蕴”——这是同生摄。正如于说“同一处所生、同一处所增长者来”之处,此处一切由同生处、所住处而成为一摄。“一切象兵来,一切马兵来,一切车兵来”,以及“毗舍佉贤友,正见、正思惟,这些法摄于慧蕴”——这是作用摄。这一切由各自的作用而行,成为一摄。“眼处入何蕴计数?入色蕴计数。”若眼处入色蕴计数,即应说:“眼处以色蕴而摄”——这是计数摄。此处所指的即是此义。与此相反的,为非摄。由它们的不同分别,而有“与摄者非摄”等。依同生、同灭、同依处、同所缘而相应,与此相反的,为不相应。由它们的不同分别,而有“与相应者不相应”等。由彼两者的混合分别,而有“与摄者相应、不相应”等。
Evaṃ mātikāya pañcadhā ṭhitabhāvaṃ viditvā idāni ‘saṅgaho asaṅgaho’tiādīsu saṅgaho tāva jātisañjātikiriyāgaṇanavasena catubbidho. Tattha – ‘‘sabbe khattiyā āgacchantu, sabbe brāhmaṇā, sabbe vessā, sabbe suddā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha, sammāvācā, yo ca sammākammanto, yo ca sammāājīvo, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti ayaṃ jātisaṅgaho nāma. ‘‘Ekajātikā āgacchantū’’ti vuttaṭṭhāne viya hi idha sabbepi jātiyā ekasaṅgahaṃ gatā. ‘‘Sabbe kosalakā āgacchantu, sabbe māgadhakā, sabbe bhārukacchakā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yo cāvuso visākha, sammāvāyāmo; yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ sañjātisaṅgaho nāma. ‘‘Ekaṭṭhāne jātā saṃvaḍḍhā āgacchantū’’ti vuttaṭṭhāne viya hi idha sabbepi sañjātiṭhānena nivutthokāsena ekasaṅgahaṃ gatā. ‘‘Sabbe hatthārohā āgacchantu, sabbe assārohā, sabbe rathikā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha, sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ kiriyāsaṅgaho nāma. Sabbeva hete attano kiriyākaraṇena ekasaṅgahaṃ gatā. ‘‘Cakkhāyatanaṃ katamakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchatīti? Rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchatī’’ti. Hañci cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati, tena vata re vattabbe – ‘cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhena saṅgahita’’nti (kathā. 471), ayaṃ gaṇanasaṅgaho nāma. Ayamidha adhippeto. Tappaṭipakkhena asaṅgaho veditabbo. Tesaṃ vikappato saṅgahitena asaṅgahitādīni. Ekuppādekanirodhaekavatthukaekārammaṇatāvasena sampayogo, tappaṭipakkhato vippayogo. Tesaṃ vikappato sampayuttena vippayuttādīni. Tadubhayasaṃsaggavikappato saṅgahitena sampayuttaṃ vippayuttantiādīni. Pañcakkhandhātiādīni pana khandhavibhaṅgādīsu vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Phassādayo panettha sanniṭṭhānavasena vuttasabbacittuppādasādhāraṇato vuttāti.