2. 阿毗达摩分别
2. Abhidhammabhājanīyaṃ
8. 正勤分别 · 21 段
408四正勤——于此，比丘对未生起的恶不善法，为了不生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤；对已生起的恶不善法，为了断除而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤；对未生起的善法，为了生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤；对已生起的善法，为了住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤。
Cattāro sammappadhānā – idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati, uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
409比丘如何对未生起的恶不善法，为了不生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤？于此，比丘于何时修习出世间禅那，导向出离、趣向损减，为了断除诸见，为了证得初地，离诸欲……具足住于初禅，苦行道、钝根通，于彼时，对未生起的恶不善法，为了不生起而生欲、努力、发勤、策心、精勤。
Kathañca bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
410生欲：于此，什么是欲？凡是欲、欲性、欲作性、善法欲——这被称为“欲”。生起此欲、令生起、使生起、令生、产生、令产生。因此说“生欲”。
Chandaṃ janetīti. Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’. Imaṃ chandaṃ janeti sañjaneti uṭṭhapeti samuṭṭhapeti nibbatteti abhinibbatteti. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandaṃ janetī’’ti.
411努力：于此，什么是努力？凡是心的勤奋发起……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为“努力”。具备此努力、完全具备、到达、完全到达、具有、成就、具足。因此说“努力”。
Vāyamatīti. Tattha katamo vāyāmo? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyāmo’’. Iminā vāyāmena upeto hoti samupeto upāgato samupāgato upapanno sampanno samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vāyamatī’’ti.
412“发起精进”：于此，什么是精进？凡是心的精进发起……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为“精进”。他发起此精进、完全发起、亲近、修习、多作。因此说“发起精进”。
Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti. Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’. Imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati samārabhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ ārabhatī’’ti.
413“策励心”：于此，什么是心？凡是心、意、意所……（中略）……彼所生意识界——这称为“心”。他策励此心、完全策励、支持、完全支持。因此说“策励心”。
Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti. Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’. Imaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti sampaggaṇhāti upatthambheti paccupatthambheti. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ paggaṇhātī’’ti.
414“精勤”：于此，什么是正勤？凡是心的精进发起……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为“正勤”。其余诸法与正勤相应。
Padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
415比丘如何为了已生起的恶不善法的断除而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、精勤？于此，比丘于修习出世间禅那之时，为了断除诸邪见、为了证得初地，导向出离、趣向损减，离诸欲……（中略）……具足住于初禅，苦行道、迟通达，于彼时，他为了已生起的恶不善法的断除而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、精勤。
Kathañca bhikkhu uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
416“生欲”……（中略）……“努力”……（中略）……“发起精进”……（中略）……“策励心”……（中略）……“精勤”：于此，什么是正勤？凡是心的精进发起……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为“正勤”。其余诸法与正勤相应。
Chandaṃ janetīti…pe… vāyamatīti…pe… vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti…pe… padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
417比丘如何为了未生起的善法的生起而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、精勤？于此，比丘于修习出世间禅那之时，为了断除诸邪见、为了证得初地，导向出离、趣向损减，离诸欲……（中略）……具足住于初禅，苦行道、迟通达，于彼时，他为了未生起的善法的生起而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、精勤。
Kathañca bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
418“生欲”……（中略）……“努力”……（中略）……“发起精进”……（中略）……“策励心”……（中略）……“精勤”：于此，什么是正勤？凡是心的精进发起……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这称为“正勤”。其余诸法与正勤相应。
Chandaṃ janetīti…pe… vāyamatīti…pe… vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti…pe… cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti…pe… padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho …pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
419比丘如何为了已生起的善法的住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、精勤？于此，比丘于修习出世间禅那之时，为了断除诸邪见、为了证得初地，导向出离、趣向损减，离诸欲……（中略）……具足住于初禅，苦行道、迟通达，于彼时，他为了已生起的善法的住立、不失、增长、广大、修习、圆满而生欲、努力、发起精进、策励心、精勤。
Kathañca bhikkhu uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati.
420“住立”：凡是住立即是不失，凡是不失即是增长，凡是增长即是广大，凡是广大即是修习，凡是修习即是圆满。
Ṭhitiyāti . Yā ṭhiti so asammoso, yo asammoso so bhiyyobhāvo, yo bhiyyobhāvo taṃ vepullaṃ, yaṃ vepullaṃ sā bhāvanā, yā bhāvanā sā pāripūrī.
421“生起欲”：于此，什么是欲？凡是欲、欲求、想要作的欲求、善法欲——这被称为“欲”。他生起此欲、令生起、使生起、令现起、产生、令产生。因此说“生起欲”。
Chandaṃ janetīti. Tattha katamo chando? Yo chando chandikatā kattukamyatā kusalo dhammacchando – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘chando’’. Imaṃ chandaṃ janeti sañjaneti uṭṭhapeti samuṭṭhapeti nibbatteti abhinibbatteti. Tena vuccati ‘‘chandaṃ janetī’’ti.
422“精勤”：于此，什么是精勤？凡是心的精进策励……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为“精勤”。他具备此精勤……（中略）……具足。因此说“精勤”。
Vāyamatīti. Tattha katamo vāyāmo? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vāyāmo’’. Iminā vāyāmena upeto hoti…pe… samannāgato. Tena vuccati ‘‘vāyamatī’’ti.
423“策励精进”：于此，什么是精进？凡是心的精进策励……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为“精进”。他策励此精进、正策励、亲近、修习、多作。因此说“策励精进”。
Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti. Tattha katamaṃ vīriyaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’. Imaṃ vīriyaṃ ārabhati samārabhati āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. Tena vuccati ‘‘vīriyaṃ ārabhatī’’ti.
424“策励心”：于此，什么是心？凡是心、意、意所……（中略）……彼所生意识界——这称为“心”。他策励此心、完全策励、支持、完全支持。因此说“策励心”。
Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti. Tattha katamaṃ cittaṃ? Yaṃ cittaṃ mano mānasaṃ…pe… tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ’’. Imaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhāti sampaggaṇhāti upatthambheti paccupatthambheti. Tena vuccati ‘‘cittaṃ paggaṇhātī’’ti.
425“正勤”：于此，什么是正勤？凡是心的精进策励……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为“正勤”。其余诸法与正勤相应。
Padahatīti. Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Yo cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
426于此，什么是正勤？于此，比丘于何时修习出世间禅那、导向出离的、趣向损减的，为了断除诸见，为了证得初地，离诸欲……（中略）……具足住于初禅那，苦行道、钝智，于彼时，凡是心的精进策励……（中略）……正精进、精进觉支、道支、道所摄——这被称为“正勤”。
Tattha katamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ? Idha bhikkhu yasmiṃ samaye lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāveti niyyānikaṃ apacayagāmiṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññaṃ, yo tasmiṃ samaye cetasiko vīriyārambho…pe… sammāvāyāmo vīriyasambojjhaṅgo maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpannaṃ – idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sammappadhānaṃ’’. Avasesā dhammā sammappadhānasampayuttā.
