礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
长部· 大品巴利
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa · Dīghanikāyo · Mahāvaggapāḷi
全书 225 段
宿住相应论巴利
Pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttakathā
1 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī) 祇树给孤独园的咖雷利咖小屋。那时,众多比丘于食后托钵归来,聚坐于咖雷利咖圆堂(Kārerimandala-Māla) ,兴起宿住相应的法谈:“如是宿住,如是宿住。”巴利 注疏 2
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme karerikuṭikāyaṃ. Atha kho sambahulānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ karerimaṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammī kathā udapādi – ‘‘itipi pubbenivāso, itipi pubbenivāso’’ti.
2 世尊以清净、超越凡人的天耳,听到了这些比丘的谈话。于是,他从座位起身,前往咖雷利咖圆堂。到了之后,在已铺好的座位上坐下。坐定后,世尊便问比丘们:“诸比丘,你们此刻共聚一处,在谈论些什么?你们刚才中断的话题是什么?”巴利 注疏 2
Assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena karerimaṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi, nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kāyanuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā; kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti?
听了这话,比丘们对世尊说:“尊者,我们在此,午食后从托钵归来,集坐、会聚于咖雷利咖圆堂,生起了与宿命相关的法义讨论:‘如此宿命,如此宿命。’尊者,这便是我们尚未说完的中间话题,世尊就在这时到来。”巴利
Evaṃ vutte te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, amhākaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ karerimaṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttā dhammī kathā udapādi – ‘itipi pubbenivāso itipi pubbenivāso’ti. Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā. Atha bhagavā anuppatto’’ti.
3 “诸比丘,你们想听一场关于宿命的法义开示吗?”
“世尊,现在是时候了!善逝,现在是时候了!愿世尊开示关于宿命的法义。比丘们听闻世尊的教导后,将会铭记于心。”
“那么,诸比丘,仔细听,善加作意,我这就开讲。”
“好的,尊者。”比丘们这样对世尊回应道。世尊便如此开示:巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Iccheyyātha no tumhe, bhikkhave, pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotu’’nti? ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyya, bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha,sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
4 “诸比丘,距今九十一劫前,维巴西佛(Vipassī) 、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。诸比丘,距今三十一劫前,西奇(Sikhī) 佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。诸比丘,就在同一个第三十一劫中,韦萨布佛(Vessabhū) 、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。诸比丘,就在此贤劫中,咖咕桑特佛(Kakusandha) 、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。诸比丘,就在此贤劫中,果纳嘎玛那佛(Koṇāgamana) 、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。诸比丘,就在此贤劫中,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。诸比丘,我如今也在此贤劫中,作为阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Ito so, bhikkhave, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Ito so, bhikkhave, ekatiṃse kappe yaṃ sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Tasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, ekatiṃse kappe vessabhū bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe kakusandho bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe koṇāgamano bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Imasmiññeva kho, bhikkhave, bhaddakappe ahaṃ etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno.
5 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身刹帝利种姓,生于刹帝利家族。诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身刹帝利种姓,生于刹帝利家族。诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身刹帝利种姓,生于刹帝利家族。诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身婆罗门种姓,生于婆罗门家族。诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身婆罗门种姓,生于婆罗门家族。诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身婆罗门种姓,生于婆罗门家族。诸比丘,我如今是阿拉汉、正自觉者,出身刹帝利种姓,生于刹帝利家族。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho brāhmaṇo jātiyā ahosi, brāhmaṇakule udapādi. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosiṃ, khattiyakule uppanno.
6 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,以孔丹尼亚为姓。诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,以孔丹尼亚为姓。诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,以孔丹尼亚为姓。诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,以迦叶(Kassapa) 为姓。诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,以迦叶为姓。诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,以迦叶为姓。诸比丘,我如今是阿拉汉、正自觉者,以乔达摩(Gotama) 为姓。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassī , bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho kassapo gottena ahosi. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho gotamo gottena ahosiṃ.
7 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为八万岁。诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为七万岁。诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为六万岁。诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为四万岁。诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为三万岁。诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为二万岁。诸比丘,我如今的寿量短暂、微小而有限;纵得长寿,也不过百岁,或略多一些。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sattativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa saṭṭhivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa cattālīsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tiṃsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vīsativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ; yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo.
8 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于波吒厘树下证悟。诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于奔达利咖树下证悟。诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于沙罗树下证悟。诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于西利沙树下证悟。诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于乌敦跋罗树下证悟。诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于尼果达树下证悟。诸比丘,而我——阿拉汉、正自觉者,于菩提树下证悟。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Sikhī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho puṇḍarīkassa mūle abhisambuddho. Vessabhū, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sālassa mūle abhisambuddho. Kakusandho, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho sirīsassa mūle abhisambuddho. Koṇāgamano, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho udumbarassa mūle abhisambuddho. Kassapo, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho nigrodhassa mūle abhisambuddho. Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho assatthassa mūle abhisambuddho.
9 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有上首双贤弟子一对,名为堪达与帝萨(Tissā) 。诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有上首双贤弟子一对,名为阿比布与三婆婆。诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有上首双贤弟子一对,名为索纳(Soṇa) 与伍德拉。诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有上首双贤弟子一对,名为维土拉(Vidhura) 与桑吉瓦。诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有上首双贤弟子一对,名为毗尤娑与郁多罗。诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有上首双贤弟子一对,名为帝萨与巴拉德瓦迦。而我,诸比丘,如今有上首双贤弟子,即是舍利弗(Sāriputta) 与目犍连。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassissa , bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa abhibhūsambhavaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa soṇuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vidhurasañjīvaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bhiyyosuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tissabhāradvājaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ.
10 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者曾有过三次弟子集会:一会有六百八十万比丘,一会有十万比丘,一会有八万比丘。这三次集会中的比丘,皆是漏尽者。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
“诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者曾有过三次弟子集会:一会有十万比丘,一会有八万比丘,一会有七万比丘。这三次集会中的比丘,皆是漏尽者。巴利
‘‘Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sattatibhikkhusahassāni. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
“诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者曾有过三次弟子集会:一会有八万比丘,一会有七万比丘,一会有六万比丘。这三次集会中的比丘,皆是漏尽者。巴利
‘‘Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sattatibhikkhusahassāni, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi saṭṭhibhikkhusahassāni. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
“诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者有一次弟子的集会,共有四万位比丘。诸比丘,这便是咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者那唯一的一次弟子集会,他们皆是漏尽者。巴利
‘‘Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi cattālīsabhikkhusahassāni. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
“诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者有一次弟子的集会,共有三万位比丘。诸比丘,这便是果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者那唯一的一次弟子集会,他们皆是漏尽者。巴利
‘‘Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi tiṃsabhikkhusahassāni. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
“诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者有一次弟子的集会,共有两万位比丘。诸比丘,这便是迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者那唯一的一次弟子集会,他们皆是漏尽者。巴利
‘‘Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi vīsatibhikkhusahassāni. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
“诸比丘,如今我有过一次弟子集会,有一千二百五十位比丘。诸比丘,那一次集会,所有比丘皆是漏尽者。巴利
‘‘Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aḍḍhateḷasāni bhikkhusatāni. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, ayaṃ eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ.
11 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有位名为阿索咖的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有位名为克曼迦罗(Khemaṅkara) 的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有位名为乌巴三塔的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有位名为菩提佳的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有位名为索提迦(Sotthija) 的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者,有位名为萨跋密答的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。诸比丘,我今有位名为阿难(Ānanda) 的比丘担任侍者,是为上首侍者。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khemaṅkaro nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa upasanto nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa buddhijo nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sotthijo nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa sabbamitto nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi ānando nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko.
12 “诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲,是名为班土玛(Bandhumā) 的国王;生母是名为班土玛蒂的王后。班土玛王的都城,名为班土玛蒂城。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti . Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
“诸比丘,西奇佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲是国王阿卢纳,生母是王后巴跋瓦提(Pabhāvatī) 。阿卢纳王的都城为阿卢纳瓦提城(Aruṇavatī) 。巴利
‘‘Sikhissa , bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa aruṇo nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Pabhāvatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Aruṇassa rañño aruṇavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
“诸比丘,韦萨布佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲是国王苏巴帝达(Suppatīta) ,生母是王后跋沙瓦提。苏巴帝达王的都城名为阿诺玛城(Anomā) 。巴利
‘‘Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa suppatito nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Vassavatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Suppatitassa rañño anomaṃ nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
“诸比丘,咖咕桑特佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲是婆罗门阿吉达达(Aggidatta) ,生母是婆罗门女毗舍佉(Visākhā) 。诸比丘,当时有国王名为堪马,其都城为堪马瓦蒂城。巴利
‘‘Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa aggidatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Visākhā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena khemo nāma rājā ahosi. Khemassa rañño khemavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
“诸比丘,果纳嘎玛那佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲是一位名叫阳雅达答的婆罗门,生母是一位名叫乌答拉的婆罗门女。诸比丘,那时的国王名为索跋,其都城名为索跋瓦蒂。”巴利
‘‘Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa yaññadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Uttarā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena sobho nāma rājā ahosi. Sobhassa rañño sobhavatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
“诸比丘,迦叶佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲是一位名叫梵授(Brahmadatta) 的婆罗门,生母是一位名叫特那瓦提(Dhanavatī) 的婆罗门女。诸比丘,那时的国王是基基(Kikī) ,其都城名为波罗奈(Bārāṇasī) 。”巴利
‘‘Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa brahmadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā ahosi. Dhanavatī nāma brāhmaṇī mātā ahosi janetti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena kikī nāma rājā ahosi. Kikissa rañño bārāṇasī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
“诸比丘,我这一世的父亲是净饭王(Suddhodana) ,生母是摩耶王后,都城是迦毗罗卫(Kapilavatthu) 。”世尊这样说示已,善逝从座起身,步入住所。巴利
‘‘Mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etarahi suddhodano nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Māyā nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.
13 世尊离去后不久,比丘众心中便生起了这样的议论:“可敬的朋友们,这真是不可思议,真是未曾有啊!如来竟有如此大的神通、如此大的威力。如来能忆念那些已般涅槃、断尽戏论、截断流转、耗尽轮回、超越一切苦的过去诸佛——他们的出身,他们的名号,他们的种姓,他们的寿量,他们的双贤弟子,他们的弟子僧团,并能说道:‘那些世尊,是这样的出身,这样的名号,这样的种姓,这样的戒行,这样的法,这样的智慧,这样的安住,这样的解脱。’”巴利 注疏 2
Atha kho tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, āvuso, abbhutaṃ, āvuso, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā. Yatra hi nāma tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarissati, nāmatopi anussarissati, gottatopi anussarissati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarissati, sāvakayugatopi anussarissati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarissati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’’ti.
“可敬的朋友们,究竟是如来自己深彻通达了此法界,依此深彻通达故,能忆念那些已般涅槃、断尽戏论、截断流转、耗尽轮回、超越一切苦的过去诸佛——他们的出身、名号、种姓、寿量、双贤弟子、乃至弟子僧团,并说出了‘那些世尊,是这样的出身,这样的名号,这样的种姓,这样的戒行,这样的法,这样的智慧,这样的安住,这样的解脱’呢?还是有天神将此事告诉了如来,依此故,如来能忆念那些已般涅槃、断尽戏论、截断流转、耗尽轮回、超越一切苦的过去诸佛——他们的出身、名号、种姓、寿量、双贤弟子、乃至弟子僧团,并说出了‘那些世尊,是这样的出身,这样的名号,这样的种姓,这样的戒行,这样的法,这样的智慧,这样的安住,这样的解脱’呢?”此时,比丘众的这番议论尚未结束。巴利
‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, tathāgatasseva nu kho esā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti, udāhu devatā tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’’ti. Ayañca hidaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antarākathā vippakatā hoti.
14 那时,世尊在傍晚时分从宴坐中起来,走向咖雷利咖圆堂。到了之后,在敷设好的座位上坐下。坐定后,世尊便问比丘众:“诸比丘,你们此刻共坐一处,在谈论什么?你们方才那未说完的议论又是什么?”巴利 注疏 1
Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena karerimaṇḍalamāḷo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kāyanuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā; kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti?
如此说时,那些比丘便对世尊这样说:“尊者,世尊离去未久,我们生起了这样的谈论:‘贤友们,稀有啊!贤友们,未曾有啊!如来以大神通、大威力,竟能忆念过去诸佛——那些已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断径路、已尽轮转、超越一切苦的诸佛。如来能忆念他们的出身、名号、族姓、寿量、双贤弟子及弟子集会,并了知:‘那些世尊如是种姓、如是名、如是族姓、如是戒、如是法、如是慧、如是住、如是解脱。’ 贤友们,这究竟是如来自己善通达法界,因善通达法界故,能忆念过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断径路、已尽轮转、超越一切苦的诸佛之出身、名号、族姓、寿量、双贤弟子及弟子集会,并了知‘那些世尊如是种姓、如是名、如是族姓、如是戒、如是法、如是慧、如是住、如是解脱’呢?还是诸天神将此义理告知如来,令如来能忆念过去已般涅槃、已断戏论、已断径路、已尽轮转、超越一切苦的诸佛之出身、名号、族姓、寿量、双贤弟子及弟子集会,并了知‘那些世尊如是种姓、如是名、如是族姓、如是戒、如是法、如是慧、如是住、如是解脱’呢?’ 尊者,这便是我们尚未结束的谈话,世尊便来到了。”巴利
Evaṃ vutte te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, amhākaṃ acirapakkantassa bhagavato ayaṃ antarākathā udapādi – ‘acchariyaṃ, āvuso, abbhutaṃ, āvuso, tathāgatassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarissati, nāmatopi anussarissati, gottatopi anussarissati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarissati, sāvakayugatopi anussarissati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarissati – ‘‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi , evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’ti. Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, tathāgatasseva nu kho esā dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’’ti. Udāhu devatā tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti? Ayaṃ kho no, bhante, antarākathā vippakatā, atha bhagavā anuppatto’’ti.
15 世尊说道:“诸比丘,正是如来自己善巧通达了这法界。因为善巧通达了法界,如来能忆念过去已般涅槃、断诸戏论、断诸径路、尽诸轮转、超越一切苦的诸佛——忆念他们的出身、名、族姓、寿量、双贤弟子及弟子集会,并了知‘那些世尊是如此种姓、如此名、如此族姓、如此戒、如此法、如此慧、如此住、如此解脱’。同时,也有天神将此义告知如来,依此因缘,如来能忆念过去已般涅槃、断诸戏论、断诸径路、尽诸轮转、超越一切苦的诸佛——忆念他们的出身、名、族姓、寿量、双贤弟子及弟子集会,并了知‘那些世尊是如此种姓、如此名、如此族姓、如此戒、如此法、如此慧、如此住、如此解脱’。”巴利
‘‘Tathāgatassevesā, bhikkhave, dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti. Devatāpi tathāgatassa etamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ, yena tathāgato atīte buddhe parinibbute chinnapapañce chinnavaṭume pariyādinnavaṭṭe sabbadukkhavītivatte jātitopi anussarati, nāmatopi anussarati, gottatopi anussarati, āyuppamāṇatopi anussarati, sāvakayugatopi anussarati, sāvakasannipātatopi anussarati – ‘evaṃjaccā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipi, evaṃnāmā evaṃgottā evaṃsīlā evaṃdhammā evaṃpaññā evaṃvihārī evaṃvimuttā te bhagavanto ahesuṃ itipī’ti.
“诸比丘,你们是否想再听一些有关过去世因缘的法义开示?”
“世尊,这正是时候;善逝,这正是时候。愿世尊为我们更详细地开示过去世因缘的法义。比丘们听了世尊的教导,定会铭记在心。”
“那么,诸比丘,仔细听,善加思惟,我这就为你们说。”
“是的,世尊。”那些比丘回答世尊。世尊便这样说道:巴利
‘‘Iccheyyātha no tumhe, bhikkhave, bhiyyosomattāya pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ sotu’’nti? ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā bhiyyosomattāya pubbenivāsapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyya, bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave , suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
16 “诸比丘,距今九十一劫前,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者出现于世间。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者生于刹帝利种姓,出于刹帝利家族。诸比丘,其族姓为孔丹尼亚。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的寿量为八万岁。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者于波吒厘树下证悟。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者有两位上首双贤弟子,名为堪达与帝萨。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者有三次弟子集会:一次集会有六百八十万比丘,一次集会有十万比丘,一次集会有八万比丘。诸比丘,这三次弟子集会,皆为诸漏尽者。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者有名为阿索咖的比丘为其侍者,是上首侍者。诸比丘,维巴西佛、阿拉汉、正自觉者的父亲是班土玛王,生母是班土玛蒂王后。班土玛王的都城名为班土玛蒂城。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Ito so, bhikkhave, ekanavutikappe yaṃ vipassī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke udapādi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho khattiyo jātiyā ahosi, khattiyakule udapādi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho koṇḍañño gottena ahosi. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asītivassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Vipassī, bhikkhave, bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho pāṭaliyā mūle abhisambuddho. Vipassissa, bhikkhave , bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa khaṇḍatissaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ. Eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi bhikkhusatasahassaṃ, eko sāvakānaṃ sannipāto ahosi asītibhikkhusahassāni. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa ime tayo sāvakānaṃ sannipātā ahesuṃ sabbesaṃyeva khīṇāsavānaṃ. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa asoko nāma bhikkhu upaṭṭhāko ahosi aggupaṭṭhāko. Vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bandhumā nāma rājā pitā ahosi. Bandhumatī nāma devī mātā ahosi janetti. Bandhumassa rañño bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ rājadhānī ahosi.
17 “那时,诸比丘,维巴西菩萨从兜率天身命终,正念正知,入于母胎。这便是此处的常法。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkami. Ayamettha dhammatā.
18 “诸比丘,这正是法性:当菩萨从兜率天命终后入于母胎之时,在此含摄天、魔、梵天的世间,在含摄沙门、婆罗门、天、人的一切众生之中,便有无量、殊胜的光芒现起,远超诸天神的威神之力。即使在那些世界之间的空隙——幽暗、无遮、漆黑、重重暗冥之处,连具有如此大神力、大威德的日月之光也无法照及之处,那里也会现起无量、殊胜的光芒,远超诸天神的威神之力。投生彼处的众生,也凭借此光,彼此识知:‘原来还有其他众生投生这里啊!’而这个由一万个世界所成的宇宙,震荡、大震荡、剧烈震荡。世间便现起这无量、殊胜的光芒,远超诸天神的威神之力。这就是此处的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā, esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ okkamati. Atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā , yattha pime candimasūriyā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ābhāya nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā, tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.
19 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨入母胎时,四位天子即来守护四方,誓言:‘不令任何人、非人或任何众生侵害此菩萨或菩萨母。’这就是此处的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, cattāro naṃ devaputtā catuddisaṃ rakkhāya upagacchanti – ‘mā naṃ bodhisattaṃ vā bodhisattamātaraṃ vā manusso vā amanusso vā koci vā viheṭhesī’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.
20 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨入母胎时,菩萨之母自然持戒,远离杀生,远离不与取,远离欲邪行,远离妄语,远离诸酒等放逸之因。这就是此处的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, pakatiyā sīlavatī bodhisattamātā hoti, viratā pāṇātipātā, viratā adinnādānā, viratā kāmesumicchācārā , viratā musāvādā, viratā surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā. Ayamettha dhammatā.
21 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨入母胎时,菩萨之母对男子不再生起欲爱之心,也不被任何心怀染着的男子所侵犯。这便是此处的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu purisesu mānasaṃ uppajjati kāmaguṇūpasaṃhitaṃ, anatikkamanīyā ca bodhisattamātā hoti kenaci purisena rattacittena. Ayamettha dhammatā.
22 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨入母胎时,菩萨之母获得五种欲乐功德;她具足、充满五种欲乐,安然受用。这便是此处的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, lābhinī bodhisattamātā hoti pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ. Sā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricāreti. Ayamettha dhammatā.
23 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨入母胎时,菩萨之母没有任何疾病生起。菩萨之母安乐,身无疲倦,并看见腹中的菩萨肢节齐全,诸根不缺。诸比丘,恰如一颗琉璃宝珠,美丽、纯粹、八角、精工琢磨,晶莹澄澈,无有浊染,一切相好圆满具足。其中穿着一条丝线——或青、或黄、或赤、或白、或淡色。有位明眼人将它放在掌中审察:‘此琉璃宝珠,美丽、纯粹、八角、精工琢磨,晶莹澄澈,无有浊染,一切相好圆满具足。这里穿着一条丝线——或青、或黄、或赤、或白、或淡色。’同样地,诸比丘,当菩萨入母胎时,菩萨之母没有任何疾病生起,菩萨之母安乐,身无疲倦,并看见腹中的菩萨肢节齐全,诸根不缺。这便是此处的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu kocideva ābādho uppajjati. Sukhinī bodhisattamātā hoti akilantakāyā, bodhisattañca bodhisattamātā tirokucchigataṃ passati sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatrāssa suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso hatthe karitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ayaṃ kho maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchiṃ okkanto hoti, na bodhisattamātu kocideva ābādho uppajjati, sukhinī bodhisattamātā hoti akilantakāyā , bodhisattañca bodhisattamātā tirokucchigataṃ passati sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.
24 “诸比丘,此是法性:菩萨诞生后第七日,菩萨之母便命终,投生兜率天。此即是此处之法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, sattāhajāte bodhisatte bodhisattamātā kālaṅkaroti tusitaṃ kāyaṃ upapajjati. Ayamettha dhammatā.
25 “诸比丘,此是法性:其余妇女怀胎九月或十月方始生产,菩萨之母却不如此。菩萨之母怀胎满十个月,方才生产。此即是此处之法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yathā aññā itthikā nava vā dasa vā māse gabbhaṃ kucchinā pariharitvā vijāyanti, na hevaṃ bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Daseva māsāni bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā kucchinā pariharitvā vijāyati. Ayamettha dhammatā.
26 “诸比丘,此是法性:其余妇女或坐或卧而生产,菩萨之母却不如此。菩萨之母站立着产下菩萨。此即是此处之法性。”巴利
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yathā aññā itthikā nisinnā vā nipannā vā vijāyanti, na hevaṃ bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Ṭhitāva bodhisattaṃ bodhisattamātā vijāyati. Ayamettha dhammatā.
27 “诸比丘,此为法性:当菩萨从母胎出生时,诸天神先接取,而后方为人接取。此中为法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, devā paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti, pacchā manussā. Ayamettha dhammatā.
28 “诸比丘,此为法性:当菩萨从母胎出生时,尚未着地,四位天子便接取菩萨,置于母亲面前,说道:‘王后,请欢喜!您已诞下一位具大威德之子。’此中为法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, appattova bodhisatto pathaviṃ hoti, cattāro naṃ devaputtā paṭiggahetvā mātu purato ṭhapenti – ‘attamanā, devi, hohi; mahesakkho te putto uppanno’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.
29 “诸比丘,此为法性:当菩萨从母胎出生时,他便清净降生,不为水所染,不为粘液所染,不为血所染,不为任何不净所染,纯净而清净。诸比丘,犹如宝珠置于迦西(Kāsi) 布上,宝珠不染污迦西布,迦西布亦不染污宝珠。何以故?两者皆清净故。正是如此,诸比丘,当菩萨从母胎出生时,便清净降生,不为水所染,不为粘液所染,不为血所染,不为任何不净所染,纯净而清净。此中为法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, visadova nikkhamati amakkhito udena amakkhito semhena amakkhito ruhirena amakkhito kenaci asucinā suddho visado. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, maṇiratanaṃ kāsike vatthe nikkhittaṃ neva maṇiratanaṃ kāsikaṃ vatthaṃ makkheti, nāpi kāsikaṃ vatthaṃ maṇiratanaṃ makkheti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Ubhinnaṃ suddhattā. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, visadova nikkhamati amakkhito, udena amakkhito semhena amakkhito ruhirena amakkhito kenaci asucinā suddho visado. Ayamettha dhammatā.
30 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨从母胎出生时,虚空中有两股水流出现,一冷一暖,为菩萨及其母亲作沐浴之用。这就是此中的法性。”巴利
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, dve udakassa dhārā antalikkhā pātubhavanti – ekā sītassa ekā uṇhassa yena bodhisattassa udakakiccaṃ karonti mātu ca. Ayamettha dhammatā.
31 “诸比丘,这是法性:初生的菩萨双足安稳站立,面向北方,白伞盖擎举于头顶,迈行七步,遍观一切方,发出牛王般的宣言:‘我是世间最上者,我是世间最长者,我是世间最胜者;这是我的最后一生,如今不再有后有。’这就是此中的法性。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, sampatijāto bodhisatto samehi pādehi patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho sattapadavītihārena gacchati setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne, sabbā ca disā anuviloketi, āsabhiṃ vācaṃ bhāsati ‘aggohamasmi lokassa, jeṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, seṭṭhohamasmi lokassa, ayamantimā jāti, natthidāni punabbhavo’ti. Ayamettha dhammatā.
32 “诸比丘,这是法性:当菩萨从母胎出生时,在包含诸天神、魔、梵天的世界,在包含沙门、婆罗门、诸天神与人众的众生中,出现无量的殊胜光明,远胜诸天神的威神。乃至在世界之间那些空旷、无遮盖、幽暗深邃的晦暝处——纵使拥有如此大神力、大威力的日月之光也无法照到——彼处同样出现无量的殊胜光明,远胜诸天神的威神。生于彼处的众生,也借着那光明彼此认出:‘啊,原来还有其他众生也生在这里!’此一万世界同时震荡、遍震荡、大震荡。无量的殊胜光明出现于世间,远胜诸天神威神。这就是此中的法性。”巴利
‘‘Dhammatā esā, bhikkhave, yadā bodhisatto mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, atha sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati, atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yāpi tā lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā, yattha pime candimasūriyā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ābhāya nānubhonti, tatthapi appamāṇo uḷāro obhāso pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Yepi tattha sattā upapannā, tepi tenobhāsena aññamaññaṃ sañjānanti – ‘aññepi kira, bho, santi sattā idhūpapannā’ti. Ayañca dasasahassī lokadhātu saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pātubhavati atikkammeva devānaṃ devānubhāvaṃ. Ayamettha dhammatā.
三十二大人相巴利
Dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇā
33 “诸比丘,维巴西太子出生后,众人向班土玛王报告:‘大王,您的儿子出生了!请大王前去察看。’诸比丘,班土玛王见了维巴西太子,见后便召来相师婆罗门,对他们说:‘诸位相师婆罗门,请察看这位太子。’诸比丘,那些相师婆罗门见到维巴西太子后,便对班土玛王说:‘大王,您应当欣喜,您生了一位有大威德的儿子。大王,这是您的利益,这是您的大利益,这样的儿子降生于您的家族。大王,这位太子具足三十二大人相。凡是具足这些大人相者,只有两种去处,别无其他。他若居家,便成为转轮王,一位依法而治的法王,征服四方,国土安定,具足七宝。他所拥有的七宝即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝,以及第七的将军宝。他还会有一千多位儿子,个个勇健雄猛,能击溃敌军。他不用棍棒、不用刀剑,以正法征服这大海为界的土地,而后安住。然而,若他从家出家,过着无家的生活,便成为一位阿拉汉、正自觉者,在世间揭开遮蔽。’”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Jāte kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassimhi kumāre bandhumato rañño paṭivedesuṃ – ‘putto te, deva , jāto, taṃ devo passatū’ti. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassiṃ kumāraṃ, disvā nemitte brāhmaṇe āmantāpetvā etadavoca – ‘passantu bhonto nemittā brāhmaṇā kumāra’nti. Addasaṃsu kho, bhikkhave, nemittā brāhmaṇā vipassiṃ kumāraṃ, disvā bandhumantaṃ rājānaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘attamano, deva, hohi, mahesakkho te putto uppanno, lābhā te, mahārāja, suladdhaṃ te, mahārāja, yassa te kule evarūpo putto uppanno. Ayañhi, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado.
34 “‘大王,这位太子具足哪三十二种大人相呢?凡具足这些相的大人,只有两种去处,别无其他。他若居家,便成为转轮王,一位依法而治的法王,征服四方,国土安定,具足七宝。他的七宝即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝,以及第七的将军宝。他还会有一千多位儿子,个个勇健雄猛,能击溃敌军。他不用棍棒、不用刀剑,以正法征服这大海为界的土地,而后安住。然而,若他从家出家,过着无家的生活,便成为一位阿拉汉、正自觉者,在世间揭开遮蔽。’”巴利
‘Katamehi cāyaṃ, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāpī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti . Seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado.
35 【三十二大人相·1·足下安平立相】“大王,这位太子双足安立平正。大王,正是这位太子双足安立平正,此即他这位大人所具的一种大人相。”巴利 注疏 2
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro suppatiṭṭhitapādo. Yaṃ pāyaṃ, deva, kumāro suppatiṭṭhitapādo. Idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
【三十二大人相·2·足下千辐轮相】“大王,这位太子足下掌中生有千辐轮相,具辋、具毂,一切相圆满完备。大王,正是这位太子足下掌中生有千辐轮相,具辋、具毂,一切相圆满完备,此即他这位大人所具的一种大人相。巴利
‘Imassa, deva , kumārassa heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni. Yampi, imassa deva, kumārassa heṭṭhā pādatalesu cakkāni jātāni sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni, idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
【三十二大人相·3·足跟修长相】“大王,这位太子足跟修长……(中略)……”巴利
‘Ayañhi deva, kumāro āyatapaṇhī…pe…
【三十二大人相·4·指纤长相】“大王,这位太子手指、脚趾都极为修长……”巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro dīghaṅgulī…
【三十二大人相·5·手足柔软相】大王,这位太子手足柔软细嫩……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro mudutalunahatthapādo…
【三十二大人相·6·手足网缦相】大王,这位太子手足间有网缦……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva kumāro jālahatthapādo…
【三十二大人相·7·足趺高隆相】大王,这位王子足背隆起……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ussaṅkhapādo…
【三十二大人相·8·腨如羚羊相】大王,这位王子小腿如羚羊一般……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro eṇijaṅgho…
【三十二大人相·9·立手摩膝相】大王,这位王子直立不弯腰,双手手掌便能触及并抚摩双膝……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ṭhitakova anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati…
【三十二大人相·10·马阴藏相】大王,这位王子具足马阴藏相……巴利
‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro kosohitavatthaguyho…
【三十二大人相·11·身金色相】大王,这位王子身呈金色,肤如纯金……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro suvaṇṇavaṇṇo kañcanasannibhattaco…
【三十二大人相·12·皮肤细软相】大王,这位王子皮肤细滑,因皮肤极为细滑,尘垢不沾其身……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sukhumacchavī; sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati …
【三十二大人相·13·毛孔各一毛相】大王,这位王子,一一毛孔各生一毛;这些毛发根根分生,各从自己的毛孔中长出……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro ekekalomo; ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni…
【三十二大人相·14·身毛上靡相】大王,这位王子,身毛向上生长;这些毛发青黑如眼药之色,卷曲成环,向右旋绕而生……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro uddhaggalomo; uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni…
【三十二大人相·15·身正直相】大王,这位王子,身体如梵天般端直挺立……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro brahmujugatto…
【三十二大人相·16·七处隆满相】大王,这位王子七处隆满……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sattussado…
【三十二大人相·17·上身如狮相】大王,这位王子,上身如狮子。巴利
‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro sīhapubbaddhakāyo…
【三十二大人相·18·两肩平满相】大王,这位王子,两肩之间充实圆满。巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro citantaraṃso …
【三十二大人相·19·容仪方正相】大王,这位王子身形圆正如榕树树:身长与臂展等齐,臂展与身长等齐。巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo, yāvatakvassa byāmo, tāvatakvassa kāyo…
【三十二大人相·20·躯圆如柱相】大王,这位王子躯干圆柱般充实端正。巴利
‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro samavaṭṭakkhandho…
【三十二大人相·21·得最上味相】大王,这位男孩味觉敏锐殊胜。巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro rasaggasaggī…
【三十二大人相·22·下颚如狮相】大王,这位王子下颚如狮子。巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro sīhahanu…
【三十二大人相·23·具四十齿相】大王,这位王子具足四十颗牙齿。巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro cattālīsadanto…
【三十二大人相·24·齿齐平相】大王,这位王子牙齿齐整。巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro samadanto…
【三十二大人相·25·齿细密相】大王,这位王子齿列齐密,细密无间……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro aviraḷadanto…
【三十二大人相·26·齿洁白相】大王,这位王子犬齿洁白……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro susukkadāṭho…
【三十二大人相·27·广长舌相】大王,这位王子舌广而长……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro pahūtajivho…
【三十二大人相·28·梵音深远相】大王,这位王子音声如梵天,言语犹如迦陵频伽鸟鸣……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro brahmassaro karavīkabhāṇī…
【三十二大人相·29·目绀青相】大王,这位王子目色极为绀青……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro abhinīlanetto…
【三十二大人相·30·睫如牛相】大王,这位王子睫如牛睫……巴利
‘Ayañhi, deva, kumāro gopakhumo…
【三十二大人相·31·眉间白毫相】大王,这位童子双眉之间生有白毫,洁白柔软,犹如棉絮。大王,这位童子双眉之间生有白毫,洁白柔软,犹如棉絮——这便是大丈夫的大人相。巴利
Imassa, deva, kumārassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā. Yampi imassa deva kumārassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā odātā mudutūlasannibhā, idampimassa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
【三十二大人相·32·顶有肉髻相】“大王,这位童子顶有肉髻。大王,这位童子顶有肉髻——这便是大丈夫的大人相。”巴利
‘Ayañhi , deva, kumāro uṇhīsasīso. Yaṃ pāyaṃ, deva, kumāro uṇhīsasīso, idampissa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.
36 大王,这位童子具足这三十二大人相。具足这些相的大人,唯有两种去处,更无其他:若他居家,则成为转轮王,如法的法王,征服四方,国境安泰,具足七宝。他所拥有的七宝即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、居士宝,以及第七的将军宝。他将有超过千位儿子,英勇威武,具勇士之相,摧伏他军。他以法征服这片至海的大地,不以棍杖、不以刀剑而正行统治。若他离家出家,过无家的生活,则成为阿拉汉、正自觉者,成为揭开世间覆障的人。巴利
‘Imehi kho ayaṃ, deva, kumāro dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇehi samannāgato, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni sattaratanāni bhavanti. Seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭacchado’ti.
37 “那时,诸比丘,班土玛王给那些相师婆罗门穿上簇新的衣裳,并以一切欲乐满足他们。随后,诸比丘,班土玛王为维巴西王子安排了乳母:有的哺乳,有的沐浴,有的抱持,有的将他抱在膝上。诸比丘,维巴西王子从出生起,便日夜有人为他张开白伞,心想:‘不可让寒、热、草、尘、露侵扰他。’诸比丘,维巴西王子为众人所爱、所喜,正如青莲、红莲、白莲为众人所爱、所喜一般;人们将他从一人膝上传到另一人膝上。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā nemitte brāhmaṇe ahatehi vatthehi acchādāpetvā sabbakāmehi santappesi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa dhātiyo upaṭṭhāpesi. Aññā khīraṃ pāyenti, aññā nhāpenti, aññā dhārenti, aññā aṅkena pariharanti. Jātassa kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa setacchattaṃ dhārayittha divā ceva rattiñca – ‘mā naṃ sītaṃ vā uṇhaṃ vā tiṇaṃ vā rajo vā ussāvo vā bādhayitthā’ti. Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahuno janassa piyo ahosi manāpo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uppalaṃ vā padumaṃ vā puṇḍarīkaṃ vā bahuno janassa piyaṃ manāpaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bahuno janassa piyo ahosi manāpo. Svāssudaṃ aṅkeneva aṅkaṃ parihariyati.
38 “诸比丘,再者,维巴西王子从出生起,他的音声便优美、悦耳、甜蜜、令人爱念。诸比丘,正如雪山(Himavant) 中一种名为迦陵频伽的鸟,其音声也是优美、悦耳、甜蜜、令人爱念;诸比丘,维巴西王子的音声也是如此。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro mañjussaro ca ahosi vaggussaro ca madhurassaro ca pemaniyassaro ca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavante pabbate karavīkā nāma sakuṇajāti mañjussarā ca vaggussarā ca madhurassarā ca pemaniyassarā ca; evameva kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro mañjussaro ca ahosi vaggussaro ca madhurassaro ca pemaniyassaro ca.
39 “诸比丘,维巴西王子自出生起,便有由业异熟所生的天眼显现。依此天眼,无论白昼黑夜,他都能清晰照见周围一由旬的一切。巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Jātassa kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pāturahosi yena sudaṃ samantā yojanaṃ passati divā ceva rattiñca.
40 “诸比丘,维巴西童子降生后,不眨眼地注视着,犹如三十三天的天神。因为人们都说“童子不眨眼而视”,他便由此得名“维巴西”。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Jāto kho pana, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro animisanto pekkhati seyyathāpi devā tāvatiṃsā. ‘Animisanto kumāro pekkhatī’ti kho, bhikkhave , vipassissa kumārassa ‘vipassī vipassī’ tveva samaññā udapādi.
41 “诸比丘,那时,班土玛国王坐在朝堂上处理政务,将维巴西王子抱坐于膝上,审理诉讼。维巴西王子坐在父王膝上,能逐一细致审察案件,并以正理作出公正的判断。正因为王子能“细致审察”并以正理裁决,比丘们,他便更加确定地被称为“维巴西”。巴利 注疏 1
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā atthakaraṇe nisinno vipassiṃ kumāraṃ aṅke nisīdāpetvā atthe anusāsati . Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro pituaṅke nisinno viceyya viceyya atthe panāyati ñāyena . Viceyya viceyya kumāro atthe panāyati ñāyenāti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya ‘vipassī vipassī’ tveva samaññā udapādi.
42 “那时,诸比丘,班土玛王为维巴西太子建造三座宫殿——一为雨季,一为冬季,一为夏季;并为他提供五种欲乐。维巴西太子在雨季宫殿中,由非男子乐人围绕奏乐,四月间不曾走下宫殿。”巴利 注疏 2
‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, bandhumā rājā vipassissa kumārassa tayo pāsāde kārāpesi, ekaṃ vassikaṃ ekaṃ hemantikaṃ ekaṃ gimhikaṃ; pañca kāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro vassike pāsāde cattāro māse nippurisehi tūriyehi paricārayamāno na heṭṭhāpāsādaṃ orohatī’’ti.
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