第二 随念品显示巴利原文
2. Anussativaggo
第一 摩诃男经显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamamahānāmasuttaṃ
11 一时,世尊住在释迦国迦毗罗卫的尼拘律园。那时,众多比丘正为世尊缝制袈裟,心想:“世尊的袈裟一经完成,三个月后就将出发游行。”释迦人摩诃男听说:“据说众多比丘正在为世尊缝制袈裟,袈裟一经完成,三个月后就将出发游行。”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti. Assosi kho mahānāmo sakko – ‘‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’’ti.
于是,释迦人摩诃男前往世尊处,前往后,礼敬世尊,坐于一旁。坐于一旁的释迦人摩诃男对世尊如此说:「尊者,我听闻:『众多比丘据说为世尊作衣,世尊衣已成,三月后将出发游行』。尊者,对于我们以种种住而住者,应以何住而住?」显示巴利原文
Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, nānāvihārehi viharataṃ kenassa vihārena vihātabba’’nti?
「善哉!善哉!摩诃男!摩诃男,这确实适合你们这样的善男子,你们前往如来处询问:『尊者,对于我们以种种住而住者,应以何住而住?』摩诃男,有信者能成就,非无信者;精进者能成就,非懈怠者;念已现起者能成就,非失念者;得定者能成就,非不定者;有慧者能成就,非劣慧者。摩诃男,你安立于这五法后,应进一步修习六法。摩诃男,于此,你应随念如来:『如是,彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行足、善逝、世间解、无上士调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊』。摩诃男,当圣弟子随念如来时,在那时刻,他的心不被贪所缠缚,心不被嗔所缠缚,心不被痴所缠缚;在那时刻,他的心依如来而正直。摩诃男,心正直的圣弟子获得义喜,获得法喜,获得与法相应的欢悦。欢悦者生喜,意喜者身轻安,身轻安者受乐,乐者心得定。摩诃男,这称为:圣弟子在不平等行的众生中平等而住,在有恼害的众生中无恼害而住,已证入法流,修习佛随念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, mahānāma! Etaṃ kho, mahānāma, tumhākaṃ patirūpaṃ kulaputtānaṃ, yaṃ tumhe tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā puccheyyātha – ‘tesaṃ no, bhante, nānāvihārehi viharataṃ kenassa vihārena vihātabba’’’nti? Saddho kho, mahānāma, ārādhako hoti, no assaddho; āraddhavīriyo ārādhako hoti, no kusīto; upaṭṭhitassati ārādhako hoti , no muṭṭhassati; samāhito ārādhako hoti, no asamāhito; paññavā ārādhako hoti, no duppañño. Imesu kho tvaṃ, mahānāma, pañcasu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya cha dhamme uttari bhāveyyāsi. ‘‘Idha tvaṃ, mahānāma, tathāgataṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti tathāgataṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako visamagatāya pajāya samappatto viharati, sabyāpajjāya pajāya abyāpajjo viharati, dhammasotasamāpanno buddhānussatiṃ bhāveti.
再者,摩诃男,你应随念法:‘法是世尊所善说,可亲见,无时节,可来见,是导向的,为智者各自所证知。’摩诃男,当圣弟子随念法时,那时,他的心不为贪所缠缚,不为嗔所缠缚,不为痴所缠缚;那时,他的心依法而得正直。摩诃男,心正直的圣弟子便得义喜、法喜、与法相应的欢悦。得欢悦者便生喜,意喜者身得轻安,身轻安者感受乐,受乐者心得定。摩诃男,这便称为:圣弟子于不平等的众生中平等而住,于有恼害的众生中无恼害而住,已入法流,修习法随念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, mahānāma, dhammaṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako dhammaṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti dhammaṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako visamagatāya pajāya samappatto viharati, sabyāpajjāya pajāya abyāpajjo viharati, dhammasotasamāpanno dhammānussatiṃ bhāveti.
再者,摩诃男,你应随念僧团:‘世尊的声闻僧众是善行道者、正直行道者、如理行道者、和敬行道者,即四双八辈,这世尊的声闻僧众是应供养者、应供奉者、应施与者、应合掌者,为世间无上的福田。’摩诃男,当圣弟子随念僧团时,那时,他的心不为贪所缠缚,不为嗔所缠缚,不为痴所缠缚;那时,他的心依僧团而得正直。摩诃男,心正直的圣弟子便得义喜、法喜、与法相应的欢悦。得欢悦者便生喜,意喜者身得轻安,身轻安者感受乐,受乐者心得定。摩诃男,这便称为:圣弟子于不平等的众生中平等而住,于有恼害的众生中无恼害而住,已入法流,修习僧随念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, mahānāma, saṅghaṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako saṅghaṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti saṅghaṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako visamagatāya pajāya samappatto viharati, sabyāpajjāya pajāya abyāpajjo viharati, dhammasotasamāpanno saṅghānussatiṃ bhāveti.
再者,摩诃男,你应随念自己所受持的戒:无缺、无裂、无垢、无杂、自在、智者所称叹、不执取、导向定。摩诃男,当圣弟子随念戒时,那时,他的心不为贪所缠缚,不为嗔所缠缚,不为痴所缠缚;那时,他的心依戒而得正直。摩诃男,心正直的圣弟子便得义喜、法喜、与法相应的欢悦。得欢悦者便生喜,意喜者身得轻安,身轻安者感受乐,受乐者心得定。摩诃男,这便称为:圣弟子于不平等的众生中平等而住,于有恼害的众生中无恼害而住,已入法流,修习戒随念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, mahānāma, attano sīlāni anussareyyāsi akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako sīlaṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti sīlaṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako visamagatāya pajāya samappatto viharati, sabyāpajjāya pajāya abyāpajjo viharati, dhammasotasamāpanno sīlānussatiṃ bhāveti.
再者,摩诃男,你应当随念自己的施舍:‘在受悭垢缠缚的众生中,我心离垢、远离悭吝而住于家中,常行放舍,双手敞开,乐在舍与,有求即应,乐于分施——这于我实为利益,这于我实为善得。’摩诃男,当圣弟子随念施舍时,那时,他的心不被贪所缠缚,心不被嗔所缠缚,心不被痴所缠缚;那时,他的心依施舍而得正直。摩诃男,得正直心的圣弟子便生起义之喜,生起法之喜,生起与法相应的欢悦。欢悦者便生喜,意喜者身得轻安,身轻安者便感受乐,乐者心得定。摩诃男,这便称为:圣弟子在不平等的众生中平等而住,在有害意的众生中无害而住,已证入法流,修习施随念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, mahānāma, attano cāgaṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yohaṃ maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitāya pajāya vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasāmi muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma , samaye ariyasāvako cāgaṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti cāgaṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako visamagatāya pajāya samappatto viharati, sabyāpajjāya pajāya abyāpajjo viharati, dhammasotasamāpanno cāgānussatiṃ bhāveti.
再者,摩诃男,你应当随念诸天:‘有四大王天,有三十三天,有夜摩天,有兜率天,有化乐天,有他化自在天,有梵身天,更有高于此的天众。那些天众因具足如是信,身坏命终后生于彼处,我亦具足如是信。那些天众因具足如是戒,身坏命终后生于彼处,我亦具足如是戒。那些天众因具足如是闻,身坏命终后生于彼处,我亦具足如是闻。那些天众因具足如是施,身坏命终后生于彼处,我亦具足如是施。那些天众因具足如是慧,身坏命终后生于彼处,我亦具足如是慧。’摩诃男,当圣弟子随念自及彼诸天众的信、戒、闻、施、慧时,那时,他的心不被贪所缠缚,心不被嗔所缠缚,心不被痴所缠缚;那时,他的心依诸天而得正直。摩诃男,得正直心的圣弟子便生起义之喜,生起法之喜,生起与法相应的欢悦。欢悦者便生喜,意喜者身得轻安,身轻安者便感受乐,乐者心得定。摩诃男,这便称为:圣弟子在不平等的众生中平等而住,在有害意的众生中无害而住,已证入法流,修习天随念。” 第一。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, mahānāma, devatā anussareyyāsi – ‘santi devā cātumahārājikā, santi devā tāvatiṃsā, santi devā yāmā, santi devā tusitā, santi devā nimmānaratino, santi devā paranimmitavasavattino, santi devā brahmakāyikā, santi devā tatuttari. Yathārūpāya saddhāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā , mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sīlena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā, mayhampi tathārūpaṃ sīlaṃ saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sutena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā, mayhampi tathārūpaṃ sutaṃ saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena cāgena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā, mayhampi tathārūpo cāgo saṃvijjati. Yathārūpāya paññāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā paññā saṃvijjatī’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako attano ca tāsañca devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañca sutañca cāgañca paññañca anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti devatā ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako visamagatāya pajāya samappatto viharati, sabyāpajjāya pajāya abyāpajjo viharati, dhammasotasamāpanno devatānussatiṃ bhāvetī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
第二 摩诃男经显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyamahānāmasuttaṃ
12 一时,世尊住在释迦国迦毗罗卫城的尼拘律园。那时,释迦人摩诃男病愈未久,刚康复。其时,众多比丘正为世尊缝制衣服,心想:“待世尊的衣服完成,经过三个月,便将启程游化。”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena mahānāmo sakko gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti.
释迦人摩诃男听说:“众多比丘正为世尊缝制衣服——‘待世尊的衣服完成,经过三个月,便将启程游化。’”于是,释迦人摩诃男来见世尊;礼敬世尊后,在一旁坐下。坐定的释迦人摩诃男对世尊这样说:“尊者,我听说:‘众多比丘在给世尊做衣——世尊的衣服完成后,过三个月就要出发游化。’尊者,我们这些以种种方式而住的人,应当以哪种方式而住呢?”显示巴利原文
Assosi kho mahānāmo sakko – ‘‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’’ti. Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, nānāvihārehi viharataṃ kenassa vihārena vihātabba’’nti?
“善哉!善哉!摩诃男!摩诃男,你们这些族姓子能前来向如来请问,这实在很相称:‘尊者,对我们这些以种种方式而住的人,应以何种方式而住呢?’摩诃男,有信者才能成就,无信者不能;精进者才能成就,懈怠者不能;正念现前者才能成就,失念者不能;得定者才能成就,未得定者不能;具慧者才能成就,劣慧者不能。摩诃男,你在这五法上安立之后,应进一步修习六法。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, mahānāma! Etaṃ kho, mahānāma, tumhākaṃ patirūpaṃ kulaputtānaṃ yaṃ tumhe tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā puccheyyātha – ‘tesaṃ no, bhante, nānāvihārehi viharataṃ kenassa vihārena vihātabba’nti? Saddho kho, mahānāma, ārādhako hoti, no assaddho; āraddhavīriyo ārādhako hoti, no kusīto; upaṭṭhitassati ārādhako hoti, no muṭṭhassati; samāhito ārādhako hoti , no asamāhito; paññavā ārādhako hoti, no duppañño. Imesu kho tvaṃ, mahānāma, pañcasu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya cha dhamme uttari bhāveyyāsi.
摩诃男,你应当这样随念如来:‘彼世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者……天人师、佛陀、世尊。’摩诃男,每当圣弟子随念如来时,他的心便不被贪欲缠缚,不被嗔恚缠缚,不被愚痴缠缚;那时,他的心只是依止如来而正直。摩诃男,心正直的圣弟子得义之悦、得法之悦,得与法相应的欣悦。欣悦者生喜,意喜者身轻安,身轻安者受乐,乐者心得定。摩诃男,你应当修习此佛随念:行走时修习,站立时修习,坐下时修习,躺卧时修习,从事工作业时修习,身居子女环绕的家中时也修习。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha tvaṃ, mahānāma, tathāgataṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘itipi so bhagavā…pe… satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti tathāgataṃ ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Imaṃ kho tvaṃ, mahānāma, buddhānussatiṃ gacchantopi bhāveyyāsi, ṭhitopi bhāveyyāsi, nisinnopi bhāveyyāsi, sayānopi bhāveyyāsi, kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhahantopi bhāveyyāsi, puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasantopi bhāveyyāsi.
“再者,摩诃男,你应当随念法……(中略)……应当随念僧团……(中略)……应当随念自己的戒……(中略)……应当随念自己的施舍……(中略)……应当随念诸天人——‘有四大王天的天人……(中略)……有更为殊胜的天人。那些天人具足如此的信心,从此处死后生于彼处,我亦具足如此的信心。那些天人具足如此的戒……多闻……施舍……智慧,从此处死后生于彼处,我亦具足如此的智慧。’摩诃男,当圣弟子随念自己与那些天人的信心、戒行、多闻、施舍、智慧时,其时,他的心不被贪所缠缚,不被嗔所缠缚,不被痴所缠缚;其时,他的心唯依诸天人而得正直。摩诃男,心正直的圣弟子获得义利的喜悦,获得法的喜悦,获得与法相应的欣悦。有欣悦者便生喜悦,心意喜悦者身得轻安,身得轻安者领受乐,得乐者心入定。摩诃男,你应当修习这天随念:行走时应当修习,站立时应当修习,坐着时应当修习,躺卧时应当修习,从事工作时应当修习,住在子女众多的卧室时也应当修习。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, mahānāma, dhammaṃ anussareyyāsi…pe… saṅghaṃ anussareyyāsi…pe… attano sīlāni anussareyyāsi…pe… attano cāgaṃ anussareyyāsi…pe… devatā anussareyyāsi – ‘santi devā cātumahārājikā…pe… santi devā tatuttari. Yathārūpāya saddhāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sīlena… sutena… cāgena… paññāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthūpapannā , mayhampi tathārūpā paññā saṃvijjatī’ti. Yasmiṃ, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako attano ca tāsañca devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañca sutañca cāgañca paññañca anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na dosapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti, na mohapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti; ujugatamevassa tasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ hoti devatā ārabbha. Ujugatacitto kho pana, mahānāma, ariyasāvako labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyati, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati. Imaṃ kho tvaṃ, mahānāma, devatānussatiṃ gacchantopi bhāveyyāsi, ṭhitopi bhāveyyāsi, nisinnopi bhāveyyāsi, sayānopi bhāveyyāsi, kammantaṃ adhiṭṭhahantopi bhāveyyāsi, puttasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasantopi bhāveyyāsī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
《难提经》显示巴利原文
3. Nandiyasuttaṃ
13 一时,世尊住在释迦族中,于迦毗罗卫的尼拘律园。那时,世尊有意前往舍卫城入雨安居。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ upagantukāmo hoti .
释迦人难提听说:“世尊有意前往舍卫城入雨安居。”于是,释迦人难提心生此念:“我何不也前往舍卫城入雨安居?在那里,既可安顿事务,又可时时觐见世尊。”显示巴利原文
Assosi kho nandiyo sakko – ‘‘bhagavā kira sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ upagantukāmo’’ti. Atha kho nandiyassa sakkassa etadahosi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhampi sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ upagaccheyyaṃ. Tattha kammantañceva adhiṭṭhahissāmi, bhagavantañca lacchāmi kālena kālaṃ dassanāyā’’ti.
于是,世尊前往舍卫城入雨安居。释迦人难提也前往舍卫城入雨安居。在那里,他安顿事务,也时时得以觐见世尊。那时,众多比丘正为世尊缝制袈裟,心想:“待世尊袈裟制成,三月期满,便将启程游行。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ upagacchi . Nandiyopi kho sakko sāvatthiyaṃ vassāvāsaṃ upagacchi. Tattha kammantañceva adhiṭṭhāsi , bhagavantañca labhi kālena kālaṃ dassanāya. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’ti.
释迦族人难提听闻:“众多比丘正在为世尊缝制法衣——世尊的法衣完成后,再过三个月便将出发游行。”于是,释迦族人难提来到世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊礼敬,在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的释迦族人难提对世尊这样说:“尊者,我听闻众多比丘正在为世尊缝制法衣——世尊的法衣完成后,再过三个月便将出发游行。尊者,对于我们这些以种种方式安住的人,应当以何种方式安住呢?”显示巴利原文
Assosi kho nandiyo sakko – ‘‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – ‘niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’’’ti. Atha kho nandiyo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho nandiyo sakko bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘sambahulā kira bhikkhū bhagavato cīvarakammaṃ karonti – niṭṭhitacīvaro bhagavā temāsaccayena cārikaṃ pakkamissatī’ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, nānāvihārehi viharataṃ kenassa vihārena vihātabba’’nti?
“善哉!善哉!难提!难提,这正是你们这些善男子应当做的——来到如来跟前这样问:‘尊者,对于我们这些以种种方式安住的人,应当以何种方式安住呢?’难提,有信者能成就,无信者不能;持戒者能成就,破戒者不能;精进者能成就,懈怠者不能;正念现前者能成就,失念者不能;得定者能成就,不具定者不能;具慧者能成就,慧劣者不能。难提,你在这六法上确立后,应于内心现起对五法的忆念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, nandiya! Etaṃ kho, nandiya, tumhākaṃ patirūpaṃ kulaputtānaṃ, yaṃ tumhe tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā puccheyyātha – ‘tesaṃ no, bhante, nānāvihārehi viharataṃ kenassa vihārena vihātabba’nti? Saddho kho, nandiya, ārādhako hoti, no assaddho; sīlavā ārādhako hoti, no dussīlo; āraddhavīriyo ārādhako hoti, no kusīto; upaṭṭhitassati ārādhako hoti, no muṭṭhassati; samāhito ārādhako hoti, no asamāhito; paññavā ārādhako hoti, no duppañño. Imesu kho te, nandiya, chasu dhammesu patiṭṭhāya pañcasu dhammesu ajjhattaṃ sati upaṭṭhāpetabbā.
“难提,在此,你应当这样随念如来:‘彼世尊,正是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊。’如此,难提,你应当以如来为所缘,于内心现起正念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha tvaṃ, nandiya, tathāgataṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi , satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Iti kho te, nandiya, tathāgataṃ ārabbha ajjhattaṃ sati upaṭṭhāpetabbā.
再者,难提,你应当随念法:‘法是世尊善说的,是现见的、无时的、来见的、导向的、智者各自当证知的。’如此,难提,你应以法为所缘,于内心安住正念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, nandiya, dhammaṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Iti kho te, nandiya, dhammaṃ ārabbha ajjhattaṃ sati upaṭṭhāpetabbā.
再者,难提,你应当随念善友:‘我真是获益,我真是得善利啊:我有怜悯我、希望我得益、教诫我、教导我的善友。’如此,难提,你应以善友为所缘,于内心安住正念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, nandiya, kalyāṇamitte anussareyyāsi – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me kalyāṇamittā anukampakā atthakāmā ovādakā anusāsakā’ti. Iti kho te, nandiya, kalyāṇamitte ārabbha ajjhattaṃ sati upaṭṭhāpetabbā.
再者,难提,你应当随念自己的施舍:‘我真是获益,我真是得善利啊:在被悭吝垢秽所缠缚的众生中,我得以远离悭垢之心在家居住,慷慨施舍,净手布施,乐于舍离,应乞而施,乐行分享与布施。’如此,难提,你应以施舍为所缘,于内心安住正念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, nandiya, attano cāgaṃ anussareyyāsi – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yohaṃ maccheramalapariyuṭṭhitāya pajāya vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasāmi muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato’ti. Iti kho te, nandiya, cāgaṃ ārabbha ajjhattaṃ sati upaṭṭhāpetabbā.
再者,难提,你应当随念诸天:‘那些超越了以段食为食的诸天同类、生于某一意成身的天众,不见自身有应作之事,也不见有已作的积集。难提,譬如非时解脱的比丘,不见自身有应作之事,也不见有已作的积集;同样地,难提,那些超越了以段食为食的诸天同类、生于某一意成身的天众,不见自身有应作之事,也不见有已作的积集。’难提,你应当如此缘于诸天,于内心现起念。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ tvaṃ, nandiya, devatā anussareyyāsi – ‘yā devatā atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devatānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapannā, tā karaṇīyaṃ attano na samanupassanti katassa vā paticayaṃ. Seyyathāpi, nandiya, bhikkhu asamayavimutto karaṇīyaṃ attano na samanupassati katassa vā paticayaṃ; evamevaṃ kho, nandiya, yā tā devatā atikkammeva kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ devatānaṃ sahabyataṃ aññataraṃ manomayaṃ kāyaṃ upapannā, tā karaṇīyaṃ attano na samanupassanti katassa vā paticayaṃ. Iti kho te, nandiya, devatā ārabbha ajjhattaṃ sati upaṭṭhāpetabbā.
难提,具足此十一法的圣弟子,即舍断诸恶不善法,而不执取。难提,譬如倾覆的水瓶,唯倒出所盛之水,不会收回已倒出的水;又譬如,投入干草堆中的大火,唯向前焚烧,不会退转已烧过之处。同样地,难提,具足此十一法的圣弟子,即舍断诸恶不善法,而不执取。第三经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Imehi kho, nandiya, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako pajahateva pāpake akusale dhamme, na upādiyati. Seyyathāpi, nandiya, kumbho nikkujjo vamateva udakaṃ, no vantaṃ paccāvamati ; seyyathāpi vā pana, nandiya, sukkhe tiṇadāye aggi mutto ḍahaññeva gacchati, no daḍḍhaṃ paccudāvattati ; evamevaṃ kho, nandiya, imehi ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato ariyasāvako pajahateva pāpake akusale dhamme, na upādiyatī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
须菩提经显示巴利原文
4. Subhūtisuttaṃ
14 那时,具寿须菩提与信比丘一同前往世尊那里。到了之后,向世尊礼敬,然后坐在一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的具寿须菩提说:「须菩提,这位比丘叫什么名字?」「世尊,这位比丘名叫信,是近事男善达多长者的儿子,由信从在家而出家,过无家的生活。」显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmā subhūti saddhena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ subhūtiṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ko nāmāyaṃ , subhūti, bhikkhū’’ti? ‘‘Saddho nāmāyaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu, sudattassa upāsakassa putto, saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito’’ti.
「那么,须菩提,这位信比丘——近事男善达多长者的儿子,由信从在家出家而过无家的生活,他是否在信的表征中显现出来呢?」「世尊,现在正是时候,善逝,现在正是时候,愿世尊宣说信的表征。这样一来,我便能知道,这位比丘是否在信的表征中显现。」显示巴利原文
‘‘Kacci panāyaṃ, subhūti, saddho bhikkhu sudattassa upāsakassa putto saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito sandissati saddhāpadānesū’’ti? ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo, yaṃ bhagavā saddhassa saddhāpadānāni bhāseyya. Idānāhaṃ jānissāmi yadi vā ayaṃ bhikkhu sandissati saddhāpadānesu yadi vā no’’ti.
「既然这样,须菩提,仔细听,善作意,我要说了。」「是的,世尊。」具寿须菩提应答世尊。世尊这样说:显示巴利原文
‘‘Tena hi, subhūti, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā subhūti bhagavato paccassosi . Bhagavā etadavoca –
须菩提,于此,比丘具足戒,以巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,行处与行仪具足,于微细罪亦见怖畏,受持诸学处而学。须菩提,比丘具足戒……乃至受持诸学处而学,须菩提,这便是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha , subhūti, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti…pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘多闻,能持所闻,积集所闻。凡那些初善、中善、后善,具足义理与文句,宣说完全圆满、遍净梵行的法,他于如是之法,多闻、忆持、以语熟习、以意观察、以见善通达。须菩提,比丘多闻……乃至以见善通达,须菩提,这也是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo; ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti…pe… diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘是善友、善伴、善同修。须菩提,若有比丘是善友、善伴、善同修,须菩提,这也是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘易受教,具足易受教之法,能忍,恭敬领受教诫。须菩提,若比丘易受教,具足易受教之法,能忍,恭敬领受教诫,这便也是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu suvaco hoti sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṃ, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘对于同梵行者种种或高或低的应作之事,于此善巧、不懈怠,以审察具足其方便,堪能成办,堪能安排。须菩提,若比丘对于同梵行者种种或高或低的应作之事,于此善巧、不懈怠,以审察具足其方便,堪能成办,堪能安排,这便也是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni tatra dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni tatra dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘爱乐法,喜于谈论,于阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶有广大喜悦。须菩提,若比丘爱乐法,喜于谈论,于阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶有广大喜悦,这便也是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘安住精进,为断除不善法、为圆满善法,坚毅勇悍,于诸善法不舍重担。须菩提,若比丘安住精进,为断除不善法、为圆满善法,坚毅勇悍,于诸善法不舍重担,须菩提,这便是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
“再者,须菩提,比丘于四禅那——增上心、现法乐住——随欲而得,无难即得,无苦即得。须菩提,若比丘于四禅那——增上心、现法乐住——随欲而得,无难即得,无苦即得,须菩提,这便是有信者的信之表征。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī. Yampi , subhūti, bhikkhu catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
“再者,须菩提,比丘随念种种过去宿命,即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生,诸多坏劫、诸多成劫、诸多坏成劫。‘于彼处,我有如是名、如是族、如是容貌、如是食,感受如是苦乐,得如是寿量;从彼处死,转生他处;于彼处,我又如是名、如是族、如是容貌、如是食,感受如是苦乐,得如是寿量;从彼处死,生于此间。’他随念种种过去宿命,具足行相与细相。须菩提,若比丘如此随念种种过去宿命……乃至具足行相与细相,须菩提,这便是有信者的信之表征。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattārīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ, ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
再者,须菩提,比丘以清净、超越常人的天眼,照见众生死亡、出生,低劣或胜妙,美好或丑陋,善趣或恶趣,了知众生各随其业流转。他这样了知:‘这些具足身恶行、具足语恶行、具足意恶行的众生,诽谤圣者,持邪见,受持邪见业;他们身坏命终后,生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。而那些具足身善行、具足语善行、具足意善行的众生,不诽谤圣者,持正见,受持正见业;他们身坏命终后,生于善趣、天界。’如此,他以清净、超越常人的天眼,照见众生死亡、出生,低劣或胜妙,美好或丑陋,善趣或恶趣,了知众生各随其业流转。须菩提,任何比丘以清净的天眼……乃至……了知众生随业流转,须菩提,这便是有信者的信之表征。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hoti.
“再者,须菩提,比丘由诸漏灭尽,于现法中,以自证智证得无漏的心解脱、慧解脱,并安住其中。须菩提,任何比丘由诸漏灭尽……乃至……证得并安住其中,须菩提,这同样是有信者的信之表征。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, subhūti, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yampi, subhūti, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampi, subhūti, saddhassa saddhāpadānaṃ hotī’’ti.
听了这话,具寿须菩提对世尊这样说:“世尊,尊者!凡世尊所说的这些有信者的信之表征,这位比丘都具足,他也在这些方面显现出来。”显示巴利原文
Evaṃ vutte āyasmā subhūti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā saddhassa saddhāpadānāni bhāsitāni, saṃvijjanti tāni imassa bhikkhuno, ayañca bhikkhu etesu sandissati.
“尊者,这位比丘具戒,依巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足行处与所行,于微细的罪过中见其怖畏,受持修学诸学处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu.
尊者,这位比丘多闻,持法,积聚所闻。那些初善、中善、后善,有义有文,宣说纯一圆满、完全清净之梵行的法,如此诸法,他多闻、受持,以言语娴熟,以心意审察,以正见善通达。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo; ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti, tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā.
尊者,这位比丘是善友、善伴、善同行者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ , bhante, bhikkhu kalyāṇamitto hoti kalyāṇasahāyo kalyāṇasampavaṅko.
尊者,这位比丘易受教……(中略)……领受教诫。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu suvaco hoti…pe… anusāsaniṃ.
尊者,对于同梵行者们种种大小应做之事,这位比丘熟练而不懈怠,具足善巧的思量,既能成办,也能妥善安排。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu yāni tāni sabrahmacārīnaṃ uccāvacāni kiṃkaraṇīyāni tattha dakkho hoti analaso tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgato alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ.
尊者,这位比丘爱乐正法,喜于谈论,于阿毗达摩、阿毗毗奈耶深生大欢喜。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu dhammakāmo hoti piyasamudāhāro abhidhamme abhivinaye uḷārapāmojjo.
尊者,这位比丘安住于发起的精进……(中略)……具足力量,坚毅精勤,于诸善法不舍重担。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati…pe… thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu.
尊者,这位比丘于四禅那——增上心、现法乐住,随心即得,无所困难而得,不劳苦而得。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.
尊者,这位比丘随念种种宿住,即:一生、二生……(中略)……如此,具足行相、具足详述地随念种种宿住。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ , bhante, bhikkhu anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
尊者,这位比丘以清净、超越凡夫的天眼……了知众生如何随业往生。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
“尊者,这位比丘以诸漏灭尽……自作证后,具足而住。尊者,凡世尊为具信者所开示的信之行迹,这位比丘悉皆具足,并且在这些方面,他清晰显现。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ayaṃ, bhante, bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Yānimāni, bhante, bhagavatā saddhassa saddhāpadānāni bhāsitāni, saṃvijjanti tāni imassa bhikkhuno, ayañca bhikkhu etesu sandissatī’’ti.
善哉!善哉!须菩提!那么,须菩提,你就与这位具信的比丘共住吧。须菩提,当你想拜见如来时,你就与这位具信的比丘一同前来面见如来。第四经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sādhu sādhu, subhūti! Tena hi tvaṃ, subhūti, iminā ca saddhena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ vihareyyāsi. Yadā ca tvaṃ, subhūti, ākaṅkheyyāsi tathāgataṃ dassanāya, iminā saddhena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ upasaṅkameyyāsi tathāgataṃ dassanāyā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
第五 慈经显示巴利原文
5. Mettāsuttaṃ
15 诸比丘,当慈心解脱修习、多修习、多作,作为车乘,作为所依,确立、积习、善加精勤时,应当期待十一种功德利益。显示巴利原文
‘‘Mettāya , bhikkhave, cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya ekādasānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā.
哪十一种呢?安乐睡眠,安乐醒来,不梦见噩梦,为人类所喜爱,为非人所喜爱,诸天守护,不为火、毒、刀剑所侵害,心迅速得定,面貌明净,不迷乱而命终,若未证得更上,则往生梵天界。诸比丘,当慈心解脱修习、多修习、多作,作为车乘,作为所依,确立、积习、善加精勤时,应当期待这十一种功德利益。」第五经。显示巴利原文
Katame ekādasa? Sukhaṃ supati, sukhaṃ paṭibujjhati , na pāpakaṃ supinaṃ passati, manussānaṃ piyo hoti, amanussānaṃ piyo hoti, devatā rakkhanti, nāssa aggi vā visaṃ vā satthaṃ vā kamati, tuvaṭaṃ cittaṃ samādhiyati, mukhavaṇṇo vippasīdati, asammūḷho kālaṃ karoti, uttari appaṭivijjhanto brahmalokūpago hoti. Mettāya, bhikkhave, cetovimuttiyā āsevitāya bhāvitāya bahulīkatāya yānīkatāya vatthukatāya anuṭṭhitāya paricitāya susamāraddhāya ime ekādasānisaṃsā pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. 八城经显示巴利原文
6. Aṭṭhakanāgarasuttaṃ
16 一时,具寿阿难住在毗舍离的贝卢瓦村。那时,阿塔咖城人第十居士因事来到华氏城。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake . Tena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṃ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena.
那时,阿塔咖城人第十居士来到鸡园,谒见一位比丘。见后便对那位比丘说:“尊者,具寿阿难现在住在哪里?尊者,我们渴望见到具寿阿难。”“居士,具寿阿难住在毗舍离的贝卢瓦村。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro yena kukkuṭārāmo yena aññataro bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, āyasmā ānando etarahi viharati? Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ, bhante, āyasmantaṃ ānanda’’nti. ‘‘Eso, gahapati, āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake’’ti.
那时,第十居士阿塔咖城人在华氏城办妥那件事之后,便前往毗舍离的贝卢瓦村,来至具寿阿难处;抵达后,向他礼敬,退坐一旁。坐于一旁后,第十居士阿塔咖城人对具寿阿难说:「尊者阿难,那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者世尊,是否正确地宣说了一法——比丘依靠它,安住于不放逸、热诚与专注时,未解脱的心得以解脱,未断尽的诸漏趋于断尽,未证得的无上离轭安稳得以证得?」「居士,那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者世尊,确实正确地宣说了一法——比丘依靠它,安住于不放逸、热诚与专注时,未解脱的心得以解脱,未断尽的诸漏趋于断尽,未证得的无上离轭安稳得以证得。」显示巴利原文
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena vesālī beluvagāmako yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo sammadakkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo sammadakkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti.
「尊者阿难,那么,那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者世尊,正确地宣说了哪一法——比丘依靠它,安住于不放逸、热诚与专注时,未解脱的心得以解脱,未灭尽的诸漏趋于灭尽,未证得的无上离轭安稳得以证得?」「居士,于此,比丘离诸欲、离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,由离所生喜与乐,具足初禅而住。他如此审察:『这初禅也是有为的、思惟所成的。』他了知:『凡是有为的、思惟所成的,那便是无常的、灭法。』他安住于此而达到诸漏尽;若未达到诸漏尽,便以此法贪、以此法喜,由五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,在那里入般涅槃,不再从那世间回来。居士,这也正是那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者世尊所正确宣说的一法——比丘依靠它,安住于不放逸、热诚与专注时,未解脱的心得以解脱,未灭尽的诸漏趋于灭尽,未证得的无上离轭安稳得以证得。」显示巴利原文
‘‘Katamo pana, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo sammadakkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti? ‘‘Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ’. ‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ, tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo sammadakkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
「再者,居士,比丘由于寻与伺的止息,内心清净,心成一境,无寻、无伺,由定所生喜与乐,具足第二禅而住……具足第三禅而住……具足第四禅而住。他如此审察:『这第四禅也是有为的、思惟所成的。』他了知:『凡是有为的、思惟所成的,那便是无常的、灭法。』他安住于此而达到诸漏尽;若未达到诸漏尽,便以此法贪、以此法喜,由五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,在那里入般涅槃,不再从那世间回来。居士,这也正是那位知者、见者、阿拉汉、正自觉者世尊所正确宣说的一法——比丘依靠它,安住于不放逸、热诚与专注时,未解脱的心得以解脱,未灭尽的诸漏趋于灭尽,未证得的无上离轭安稳得以证得。」显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho catutthaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ’. ‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo sammadakkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuccati aparikkhīṇā vā āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
“再者,居士,比丘以慈俱心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方。如此,上方、下方、周围、一切处、一切世间,他以广大、无量、无怨、无害的慈俱心,遍满而住。他这样思惟:‘这慈心解脱也是有为的、思所成的。’他了知:‘凡是有的、思所成的,皆为无常、灭法。’他安住于此而成就漏尽;若未成就漏尽,则以对法的贪求、以对法的喜乐,由五下分结灭尽故,成为化生者,于彼处般涅槃,不再从那世间返还。居士,这也是彼世尊——知者……所证得的无上离轭安稳,此前未曾证得。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho mettā cetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā’. ‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā…pe. … ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
“再者,居士,比丘以悲俱心……以喜俱心……以舍俱心遍满一方而住,如是第二方,如是第三方,如是第四方。如此,上方、下方、周围、一切处、一切世间,他以广大、无量、无怨、无害的舍俱心,遍满而住。他这样思惟:‘这舍心解脱也是有为的、思所成的。’他了知:‘凡是有的、思所成的,皆为无常、灭法。’他安住于此而成就漏尽;若未成就漏尽,则以对法的贪求、以对法的喜乐,由五下分结灭尽故,成为化生者,于彼处般涅槃,不再从那世间返还。居士,这也是彼世尊——知者……所证得的无上离轭安稳,此前未曾证得。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati tathā dutiyaṃ tathā tatiyaṃ tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyāpajjena pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho upekkhācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā’. ‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho , gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā…pe… ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
「再者,居士,比丘完全超越诸色想,诸有对想灭没,不作意种种想,『虚空无边』,具足空无边处而住。他如此省察:『此空无边处等至也是有为的、思惟所成的。』他了知:『凡任何有为的、思惟所成的,那是无常的、灭法。』他住立于此而达到诸漏尽;若他未达到诸漏尽,则以此法贪、以此法喜,由五下分结的灭尽,成为化生者,于彼处般涅槃,不从彼世间再来。居士,这也是彼世尊、知者……未证得之无上离轭安稳得以证得。」显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā’. ‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā…pe… ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
“再者,居士,比丘完全超越空无边处,以‘识无边’具足识无边处而住……完全超越识无边处,以‘无所有’具足无所有处而住。他这样审察:‘这无所有处等至也是有为的、由思惟所造的。’他了知:‘凡是任何有为的、由思惟所造的法,都是无常的、灭尽的法。’他安住于此,便得诸漏尽;若他未得诸漏尽,便以此法贪、以此法喜,由五下分结灭尽而成为化生者,在那里般涅槃,不再从那世间回来。居士,这也是彼世尊、知者……所证得的无上离轭安稳,那是他先前未曾证得的。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati…pe… sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā’. ‘Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti; no ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā…pe… ananuppattaṃ vā anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti.
如是说已,第十居士八城对具寿阿难这样说:“尊者阿难,比如有人只寻一个宝藏的入口,却一同获得了十一个宝藏的入口;同样地,尊者,我寻求一个不死之门,却一同获得了十一个不死之门可作依止。尊者,比如有人有间十一门的房屋,当那房屋起火时,他可以凭借任何一门安然脱身;同样地,尊者,我可以凭借这十一个不死门中的任何一门让自己安稳。尊者,那些外道尚且会为老师寻求资财供养,我又怎能不对具寿阿难作供养呢?”显示巴利原文
Evaṃ vutte dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhante ānanda, puriso ekaṃ nidhimukhaṃ gavesanto sakideva ekādasa nidhimukhāni adhigaccheyya; evamevaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, ekaṃ amatadvāraṃ gavesanto sakideva ekādasa amatadvārāni alatthaṃ sevanāya . Seyyathāpi, bhante, purisassa agāraṃ ekādasa dvāraṃ. So tasmiṃ agāre āditte ekamekenapi dvārena sakkuṇeyya attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ; evamevaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhante, imesaṃ ekādasannaṃ amatadvārānaṃ ekamekenapi amatadvārena sakkuṇissāmi attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ. Ime hi nāma, bhante, aññatitthiyā ācariyassa ācariyadhanaṃ pariyesissanti. Kiṃ panāhaṃ āyasmato ānandassa pūjaṃ na karissāmī’’ti!
于是,八城的第十居士召集了毗舍离与巴塔厘子城的比丘僧团,亲手以殊胜的副食和主食使僧众满足、饱足。他向每一位比丘供养一套衣服,向具寿阿难供养三衣,并为具寿阿难建造了五百座住所。第六经完毕。显示巴利原文
Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro vesālikañca pāṭaliputtakañca bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātāpetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Ekamekañca bhikkhuṃ paccekaṃ dussayugena acchādesi, āyasmantañca ānandaṃ ticīvarena. Āyasmato ānandassa pañcasataṃ vihāraṃ kārāpesīti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
牧牛者经显示巴利原文
7. Gopālasuttaṃ
17 “诸比丘!具足十一支的牧牛者,不能守护牛群而令其增长。哪十一支呢?诸比丘!于此,牧牛者不知色、不善于相、不除虫卵、不覆护伤口、不作烟熏、不知渡处、不知已饮、不悉道路、不巧于牧场、榨乳无余;对于作为牛群保护者、牛群引导者的公牛,不以特别的恭敬去尊重。诸比丘!具足此十一支的牧牛者,不能守护牛群而令其增长。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ . Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, gopālako na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, na titthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthiṃ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti, anavasesadohī ca hoti, ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti . Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ.
“同样地,诸比丘!具足十一法的比丘,不能于此法与律中获得增长、增进与广大。哪十一法呢?诸比丘!于此,比丘不知色、不善于相、不除虫卵、不覆护伤口、不作烟熏、不知渡处、不知已饮、不悉道路、不巧于牧场、榨乳无余;对于长老比丘们——那些久修梵行、久出家者、僧团之父、僧团引导者,不以特别的恭敬去尊重。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, na titthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthiṃ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti, anavasesadohī ca hoti, ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
“比丘们,比丘怎样是不知色的人呢?比丘们,在此,比丘对于任何色,不如实了知‘四大种及四大种所造之色’。就是这样,比丘们,比丘是不知色的人。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ ( ) ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti.
“比丘们,比丘怎样是不擅于相的人呢?比丘们,在此,比丘不如实了知‘愚者业为其相,智者业为其相’。就是这样,比丘们,比丘是不擅于相的人。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍito’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.
“比丘们,比丘怎样是不除虫卵的人呢?比丘们,在此,比丘对于已生起的欲寻,容忍而不将其舍断、不除去、不灭尽、不令其归于无;对于已生起的嗔恚寻……对于已生起的害寻……对于一再生起、已生起的种种恶不善法,容忍而不将其舍断、不除去、不灭尽、不令其归于无。就是这样,比丘们,比丘是不除虫卵的人。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gameti, uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gameti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti.
诸比丘!比丘如何是不覆藏伤口者呢?诸比丘!在此,比丘以眼见色后,执取相、执取随相;当他住于不防护眼根时,贪忧等不善法便会流入,他却不行其防护之道,不守护眼根,不成就眼根的防护。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识知法后,执取相、执取随相;当他住于不防护意根时,贪忧等不善法便会流入,他却不行其防护之道,不守护意根,不成就意根的防护。诸比丘!比丘如此便是不覆藏伤口。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati; na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ nāpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati; na rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ nāpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti.
“诸比丘!比丘如何是不作烟熏者呢?诸比丘!在此,比丘不将所闻、所学的法详细地为他人宣说。诸比丘!比丘如此即是不作烟熏。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ desetā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti.
“诸比丘!比丘如何是不知道渡处者呢?诸比丘!在此,比丘对于那些多闻、通晓圣典、持法、持律、持论母的比丘们,不时常前往请问、探询:‘尊者!这是怎么回事?此有何义?’那些具寿对他未开显的不予开显,未阐明的不予阐明,对于种种令人疑惑的诸法,不除去疑惑。诸比丘!比丘如此便是不知道渡处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā na paripucchati na paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva na vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca na uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ na paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṃ jānāti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是不知已饮者?于此,如来所宣说的法与律在教导时,比丘未获得义之喜悦,未获得法之喜悦,未获得与法相应的欣喜。诸比丘,比丘即是这样不知已饮。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne na labhati atthavedaṃ, na labhati dhammavedaṃ , na labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṃ jānāti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是不知道路者?于此,比丘不如实了知圣八支道。诸比丘,比丘即是这样不知道路。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṃ jānāti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是不善巧于行境者?于此,比丘不如实了知四念处。诸比丘,比丘即是这样不善巧于行境。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti.
诸比丘,怎样的比丘是无余榨取者呢?诸比丘,在此,有净信的在家众迎请比丘接受衣服、饮食、住所、病者所需之药资具,而这位比丘在接受时不知量。诸比丘,这样的比丘便是无余榨取者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Tatra bhikkhu mattaṃ na jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti.
“诸比丘,比丘如何是不以殊胜恭敬去恭敬那些长老比丘、久修者、久出家者、僧团之父、僧团的引导者呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘对于他们长老比丘、久修者、久出家者、僧团之父、僧团的引导者,不于公开、不于私下,对他们行持慈爱的身业;不于公开、不于私下,对他们行持慈爱的语业;不于公开、不于私下,对他们行持慈爱的意业。诸比丘,比丘如此便是不以殊胜恭敬去恭敬那些长老比丘、久修者、久出家者、僧团之父、僧团的引导者。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, tesu na mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca, na mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ… na mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, na te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
诸比丘,具足此十一法的比丘,不能于此法与律中获得增长、成长与广大。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ.
诸比丘,具足十一支的牧牛者,能护持牛群,令其繁盛。哪十一支?诸比丘,在此,牧牛者知色、善辨相、除去虫蛆、裹护伤口、施烟、知渡口、知饮水、知行途、善巧于牧地、留有余地挤乳,并对那些公牛、牛群守护者与牛群引导者,以特别尊敬加以礼敬。诸比丘,具足此十一支的牧牛者,能护持牛群,令其繁盛。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, gopālako rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, titthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthiṃ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti, ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti – imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ.
同样地,诸比丘,具足十一法的比丘,即能于此法、律中增长、增广、广大。哪十一法?诸比丘,在此,比丘知色、善辨相、除去虫蛆、裹护伤口、施烟、知渡口、知饮水、知行途、善巧于行处、留有余地挤乳,并以特别尊敬礼敬那些长老比丘、久修行者、久出家者、僧团之父与僧团引导者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, titthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthiṃ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti, ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是知色者?诸比丘,在此,比丘如实了知:任何色,即是四大种与四大种所造之色。诸比丘,比丘如此是知色者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是善巧于相者?诸比丘,于此,比丘如实了知:‘愚者以业为相,智者以业为相。’诸比丘,比丘便是如此善巧于相者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍito’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是去除腐败者?诸比丘,此处,比丘对已生起的欲寻不容忍,舍断、驱除、灭除,令不复存;对已生起的嗔恚寻……对已生起的害寻……对已生起的诸恶不善法不容忍,舍断、驱除、灭除,令不复存。诸比丘,比丘便是如此去除腐败者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti, uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是覆盖伤口者?诸比丘,于此,比丘以眼见色后,不取于相,不取于随相;若他住于不防护眼根,贪忧、诸恶不善法便会随之流入,为此他行于防护,守护眼根,于眼根上成就防护。以耳听声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意知法后,不取于相,不取于随相;若他住于不防护意根,贪忧、诸恶不善法便会随之流入,为此他行于防护,守护意根,于意根上成就防护。诸比丘,比丘便是如此覆盖伤口者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何为作烟者?诸比丘,于此,比丘依其所闻、依其所学的法,为他人详尽宣说。诸比丘,比丘如此即是作烟者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṃ kattā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ desetā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṃ kattā hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何为知渡口者?诸比丘,于此,比丘时常亲近那些多闻、通晓圣典、持法、持律、持本母的比丘们,向他们请教、询问:‘尊者,这是何义?此有何义?’那些具寿便为他开显未曾开显的,阐明未曾阐明的,在种种令人疑惑的法上为他除遣疑惑。诸比丘,比丘如此即是知渡口者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati – ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṃ jānāti.
诸比丘,比丘如何为知已饮者?诸比丘,于此,当如来所宣说的法与律被教导时,比丘获得义之喜,获得法之喜,获得与法相应的欣悦。诸比丘,比丘如此即是知已饮者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṃ jānāti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是知路者?在此,比丘如实了知圣八支道。诸比丘,如此,比丘即是知路者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṃ jānāti.
诸比丘,比丘如何于行境善巧?在此,比丘如实了知四念处。诸比丘,如此,比丘即于行境善巧。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何是留有余而挤乳者?在此,有信心的居士们以衣服、饮食、住处、病者所需医药资具,邀请比丘接受。比丘于接受时知量而取。诸比丘,如此,比丘即是留有余而挤乳者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Tatra bhikkhu mattaṃ jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti.
诸比丘,比丘如何以殊胜的恭敬恭敬那些长老比丘——久住、久出家、为僧团之父、为僧团之导师呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘对那些长老、久住、久出家、为僧团之父、为僧团之导师者,于明处与暗处皆以慈爱的身行对待,于明处与暗处皆以慈爱的语行对待,于明处与暗处皆以慈爱的意行对待。诸比丘,比丘正是如此以殊胜的恭敬恭敬那些长老比丘——久住、久出家、为僧团之父、为僧团之导师。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, tesu mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca, mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ… mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca. Evaṃ kho , bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
诸比丘,具足此十一法的比丘,能于此法律中增长、增广、圆满。第七经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjitu’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
第八 第一定经显示巴利原文
8. Paṭhamasamādhisuttaṃ
18 那时,众多比丘前往世尊处,到了之后向世尊行礼,退坐一旁。坐定后,那些比丘便对世尊这样说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ –
「尊者,比丘是否可能获得如此之定:于地无地想,于水无水想,于火无火想,于风无风想,于空无边处无空无边处想,于识无边处无识无边处想,于无所有处无无所有处想,于非想非非想处无非想非非想处想,于此世无此世想,于他世无他世想,凡所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、以意所寻思的,于彼亦无想,却仍有想?」显示巴利原文
‘‘Siyā nu kho, bhante, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa, na āpasmiṃ āposaññī assa, na tejasmiṃ tejosaññī assa, na vāyasmiṃ vāyosaññī assa, na ākāsānañcāyatane ākāsānañcāyatanasaññī assa, na viññāṇañcāyatane viññāṇañcāyatanasaññī assa, na ākiñcaññāyatane ākiñcaññāyatanasaññī assa, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatane nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññī assa, na idhaloke idhalokasaññī assa, na paraloke paralokasaññī assa, yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti?
「诸比丘,比丘确实能获得如此之定:于地无地想……乃至……凡所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、以意所寻思的,于彼亦无想,却仍有想。」显示巴利原文
‘‘Siyā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe. … yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti.
“尊者,然而比丘又应如何获得这样的定:于地不作地想……乃至……凡所见到、听到、感到、认知、得到、寻求、以意推求的,于此处亦不作想;而依然有想呢?”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti?
“诸比丘,于此,比丘如是作意:‘这是寂静的,这是殊胜的,即:一切行的止息、一切依的舍离、渴爱的灭尽、离贪、灭、涅槃。’诸比丘,如此,比丘便能获得这样的定:于地,不作‘地’想;于火,不作‘火’想;于风,不作‘风’想;于空无边处,不作‘空无边处’想;于识无边处,不作‘识无边处’想;于无所有处,不作‘无所有处’想;于非想非非想处,不作‘非想非非想处’想;于此世,不作‘此世’想;于他世,不作‘他世’想;凡所见到、听到、感到、认知、得到、寻求、以意推求的,于彼亦不作想;然而他依然有想。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃsaññī hoti – ‘etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇītaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa, na āpasmiṃ āposaññī assa, na tejasmiṃ tejosaññī assa, na vāyasmiṃ vāyosaññī assa, na ākāsānañcāyatane ākāsānañcāyatanasaññī assa, na viññāṇañcāyatane viññāṇañcāyatanasaññī assa, na ākiñcaññāyatane ākiñcaññāyatanasaññī assa, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatane nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññī assa, na idhaloke idhalokasaññī assa, na paraloke paralokasaññī assa, yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. 第二定经显示巴利原文
9. Dutiyasamādhisuttaṃ
19 于彼处,世尊呼唤诸比丘:「诸比丘。」「尊者。」那些诸比丘回答世尊。世尊说此:显示巴利原文
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
“诸比丘,一位比丘是否可能获得这样的定呢?即:于地不作地想,于水不作水想……(中略)……于无所有处不作无所有处想,于非想非非想处不作非想非非想处想,于此世不作此世想,于他世不作他世想,凡所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所求、心意所寻思者,于彼一切亦不作想;然而,他仍有想吗?”“尊者,我们的法以世尊为根本,以世尊为引导,以世尊为依归。尊者,善哉!愿世尊阐明此所说的义理。诸比丘听闻世尊之后,必将受持。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Siyā nu kho bhikkhave, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa, na āpasmiṃ āposaññī assa…pe… na ākiñcaññāyatane ākiñcaññāyatanasaññī assa, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatane nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññī assa, na idhaloke idhalokasaññī assa, na paraloke paralokasaññī assa, yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.
「诸比丘,那么,你们要听!你们要好好作意!我要说了。」「是的,尊者。」那些诸比丘回答世尊。世尊说此:显示巴利原文
‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
“诸比丘,比丘或可获得这样的定:于地,不起地想……乃至……于所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所求、意所寻思的一切,于彼亦不起想;然而,他仍有想。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Siyā, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti.
“尊者,比丘又当如何获得这样的定:于地,不起地想……乃至……于所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所求、意所寻思的一切,于彼亦不起想;然而,他仍有想?”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti?
诸比丘,于此,比丘如是生起想:“此是寂静,此是殊胜,即是一切行的止息、一切依的舍离、渴爱的灭尽、离贪、灭、涅槃。”诸比丘,如是,比丘便能获得这样的定:于地,不起地想……乃至……于所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所求、意所寻思的一切,于彼亦不起想;然而,他仍有想。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃsaññī hoti – ‘etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇītaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbāna’nti . Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe. … yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
10. 第三定经显示巴利原文
10. Tatiyasamādhisuttaṃ
20 那时,众多比丘前往具寿舍利弗处;到了之后,与具寿舍利弗互相致意。彼此欢叙了令人愉悦、值得忆念的话语后,便在一旁坐下。坐已,那些比丘对具寿舍利弗这样说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavocuṃ –
“贤友舍利弗,比丘是否能证得这样的定:于地不作地想……乃至……凡此所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、心所游履者,于此亦不有想;然而却有想呢?”“贤友,比丘可能证得这样的定:于地不作地想……乃至……凡此所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、心所游履者,于此亦不有想;然而却有想。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Siyā nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti? ‘‘Siyā, āvuso, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti.
“舍利弗贤友,比丘如何能获得这样的定:于地不作地想……乃至凡此所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、心意所寻思者,于此亦不作想,而仍有想呢?”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, āvuso sāriputta, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti?
贤友,于此,比丘作这样的想:‘这是寂静,这是殊胜,即一切行的止息、一切依的舍离、渴爱的灭尽、离贪、灭尽、涅槃。’贤友,如此,比丘便能获得这样的定:于地不作地想……乃至凡此所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、心意所寻思者,于此亦不作想,而仍有想。第十。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha , āvuso, bhikkhu evaṃsaññī hoti – ‘etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇītaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
第四定经显示巴利原文
11. Catutthasamādhisuttaṃ
21 在此,具寿舍利弗对诸比丘说:“贤友们,比丘是否能获得这样一种定呢?当中于地而不起地想,于水而不起水想,于火而不起火想,于风而不起风想,于空无边处而不起空无边处想,于识无边处而不起识无边处想,于无所有处而不起无所有处想,于非想非非想处而不起非想非非想处想,于此世而不起此世想,于他世而不起他世想,对那一切所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、为意所寻思的事物,也都不起想;虽如此,却仍有想呢?”显示巴利原文
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘siyā nu kho, āvuso, bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa, na āpasmiṃ āposaññī assa, na tejasmiṃ tejosaññī assa, na vāyasmiṃ vāyosaññī assa, na ākāsānañcāyatane ākāsānañcāyatanasaññī assa, na viññāṇañcāyatane viññāṇañcāyatanasaññī assa, na ākiñcaññāyatane ākiñcaññāyatanasaññī assa, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatane nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññī assa, na idhaloke idhalokasaññī assa, na paraloke paralokasaññī assa, yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti?
“贤友,我们即便远道而来,也要来到具寿舍利弗尊前,以求了知此中所说的义理。善哉,愿具寿舍利弗亲自开显此中所说的义理。诸比丘听闻具寿舍利弗的解说之后,将会信受奉持。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Dūratopi kho mayaṃ, āvuso, āgaccheyyāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṃ. Sādhu vatāyasmantaṃyeva sāriputtaṃ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Āyasmato sāriputtassa sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.
“那么,贤友们,谛听!善作意!我当说。”“是的,贤友。”那些比丘回答具寿舍利弗。具寿舍利弗这样说:显示巴利原文
‘‘Tenahāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha ; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
“贤友们,比丘确能获得这样一种定:当中于地而不起地想……(中略)……对那一切所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求、以意所寻思的事物,也都不起想;虽如此,却仍有想。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Siyā, āvuso bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti.
贤友,然而,比丘如何能获得这样的定:于地无地想……乃至……于所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求及意所寻思之法,皆无想,却仍有想呢?显示巴利原文
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ panāvuso, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa…pe… yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti?
贤友,在此,比丘作如此想:‘这是寂静,这是殊胜,即:一切行的止息、一切依的舍离、渴爱的灭尽、离贪、灭、涅槃。’贤友,如是,比丘便能获得这样的定:于地无地想,于水无水想,于火无火想,于风无风想,于空无边处无空无边处想,于识无边处无识无边处想,于无所有处无无所有处想,于非想非非想处无非想非非想处想,于此世无此世想,于他世无他世想,凡所见、所闻、所觉、所识、所得、所寻求及意所寻思者,于彼皆无想;然而他是有想的。第十一经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṃsaññī hoti – ‘etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇītaṃ, yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbāna’nti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, siyā bhikkhuno tathārūpo samādhipaṭilābho yathā neva pathaviyaṃ pathavisaññī assa, na āpasmiṃ āposaññī assa, na tejasmiṃ tejosaññī assa, na vāyasmiṃ vāyosaññī assa, na ākāsānañcāyatane ākāsānañcāyatanasaññī assa, na viññāṇañcāyatane viññāṇañcāyatanasaññī assa, na ākiñcaññāyatane ākiñcaññāyatanasaññī assa, na nevasaññānāsaññāyatane nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññī assa, na idhaloke idhalokasaññī assa , na paraloke paralokasaññī assa, yampidaṃ diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā tatrāpi na saññī assa; saññī ca pana assā’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.
随念品第二显示巴利原文
Anussativaggo dutiyo.
二经为大名所说,及难提与须菩提;
慈经、八支经、牧牛者经,及四定经。
显示巴利原文 Dve vuttā mahānāmena, nandiyena subhūtinā; Mettā aṭṭhako gopālo, cattāro ca samādhināti.