第七·二 地动品显示巴利原文
(7) 2. Bhūmicālavaggo
第一 欲经显示巴利原文
1. Icchāsuttaṃ
61 “诸比丘,世间存在这八种人。哪八种?诸比丘,在此,有比丘独居而住,过无依的生活,生起对利养的欲求。他为得利养而起立、努力、精勤;当他为得利养如此起立、努力、精勤时,利养却不生起。他因这无所得而忧愁、疲惫、悲泣,捶胸号哭,陷入痴迷。诸比丘,这便被称为:‘比丘怀欲而住,为利养起立、努力、精勤,却无所得,因而忧愁悲泣,从正法退堕。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhime , bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame aṭṭha? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa uṭṭhahato ghaṭato vāyamato lābhāya lābho nuppajjati. So tena alābhena socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya , uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya, na ca lābhī, socī ca paridevī ca, cuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“再者,诸比丘,在此,有比丘独居而住,过无依的生活,生起对利养的欲求。他为得利养而起立、努力、精勤;当他为得利养如此起立、努力、精勤时,利养便生起。他因有所得而陶醉、放逸,陷入放逸。诸比丘,这便被称为:‘比丘怀欲而住,为利养起立、努力、精勤,有所得却陶醉放逸,从正法退堕。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa uṭṭhahato ghaṭato vāyamato lābhāya lābho uppajjati. So tena lābhena majjati pamajjati pamādamāpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya, lābhī ca madī ca pamādī ca, cuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“再者,诸比丘,在此,有比丘独居而住,过无依的生活,生起对利养的欲求。他于利养不起立、不努力、不精勤。当他如此不起立、不努力、不精勤时,利养便不生起。他因无所得而忧愁、疲惫、悲泣,捶胸号哭,陷入痴迷。诸比丘,这便被称为:‘比丘怀欲而住,却不为利养起立、不努力、不精勤,因而无所得,忧愁悲泣,从正法退堕。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So na uṭṭhahati na ghaṭati na vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa anuṭṭhahato aghaṭato avāyamato lābhāya lābho nuppajjati. So tena alābhena socati, kilamati, paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, na uṭṭhahati na ghaṭati na vāyamati lābhāya, na ca lābhī, socī ca paridevī ca, cuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“再者,诸比丘,有比丘独处而住,无所依止,生起了对利养的欲求。他却不为此起身、不用功、不精进求取利养。当他不起身、不用功、不精进时,利养却自然生起。他便对此所得心生陶醉、放逸,沉溺其中。诸比丘,这即名为:『比丘有欲求而住,为利养不起身、不用功、不精进,有所得却陶醉、放逸,退堕于正法。』”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So na uṭṭhahati, na ghaṭati, na vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa anuṭṭhahato, aghaṭato, avāyamato lābhāya lābho uppajjati. So tena lābhena majjati, pamajjati, pamādamāpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, na uṭṭhahati na ghaṭati na vāyamati lābhāya, lābhī ca madī ca, pamādī ca, cuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“然而,诸比丘,有比丘独处而住,无所依止,生起了对利养的欲求。他为利养起身、用功、精进求取。当他为利养起身、用功、精进时,利养却不生起。他对此无所得不忧愁、不疲惫、不悲泣,不捶胸恸哭、不陷入痴迷。诸比丘,这即名为:『比丘有欲求而住,为利养起身、用功、精进,虽无所得却不忧愁、不悲泣,不退堕于正法。』”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa uṭṭhahato ghaṭato vāyamato lābhāya lābho nuppajjati. So tena alābhena na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya, na ca lābhī, na ca socī na ca paridevī, accuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“复次,诸比丘,有比丘独处而住,无所依止,生起了对利养的欲求。他为利养起身、用功、精进求取。当他为利养起身、用功、精进时,利养生起。他对此所得不陶醉、不放逸、不沉溺其中。诸比丘,这即名为:『比丘有欲求而住,为利养起身、用功、精进,有所得而不陶醉、不放逸,不退堕于正法。』”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa uṭṭhahato ghaṭato vāyamato lābhāya lābho uppajjati. So tena lābhena na majjati, na pamajjati, na pamādamāpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, uṭṭhahati ghaṭati vāyamati lābhāya, lābhī ca, na ca madī na ca pamādī, accuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“诸比丘,又有这样一类:比丘独住远离、无所依恃,生起求取利养的欲求。他并不为此起身、不努力、不精勤。由于不为此起身、不努力、不精勤,利养便不生起。面对这无所得,他不忧愁、不疲厌、不悲泣,不捶胸号哭,不陷于迷惑。诸比丘,这便称为——比丘怀欲求而住,不为利养起身、努力、精勤,未有所得,却无忧愁、无悲泣,不于正法退堕。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So na uṭṭhahati, na ghaṭati, na vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa anuṭṭhahato, aghaṭato, avāyamato lābhāya lābho nuppajjati. So tena alābhena na socati, na kilamati, na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, na uṭṭhahati, na ghaṭati, na vāyamati lābhāya , na ca lābhī, na ca socī na ca paridevī, accuto ca saddhammā’’’.
“诸比丘,又有这样一类:比丘独住远离、无所依恃,生起求取利养的欲求。他并不为此起身、不努力、不精勤。即便不为此起身、不努力、不精勤,利养却生起。面对这所得,他不陶醉、不放逸、不陷于放逸。诸比丘,这便称为——比丘怀欲求而住,不为利养起身、努力、精勤,却有所得,而不陶醉、不放逸,不于正法退堕。诸比丘,此八种人存在于世间、出现于世间。第一经。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pavivittassa viharato nirāyattavuttino icchā uppajjati lābhāya. So na uṭṭhahati, na ghaṭati, na vāyamati lābhāya. Tassa anuṭṭhahato aghaṭato avāyamato lābhāya lābho uppajjati. So tena lābhena na majjati, na pamajjati, na pamādamāpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave – ‘bhikkhu iccho viharati lābhāya, na uṭṭhahati, na ghaṭati, na vāyamati lābhāya, lābhī ca, na ca madī na ca pamādī, accuto ca saddhammā ’. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.
2. 满足经显示巴利原文
2. Alaṃsuttaṃ
62 “诸比丘,具足六法的比丘,足以自利,也足以利他。哪六法呢?此处,比丘于诸善法速能领悟;于所听闻的法善能忆持;于所持的法能审察其义理;了知义理与法之后,依法而行;并且言辞优雅、善巧,具足清晰、不含糊、能阐明义理的言语;又能为同梵行者开示、劝导、策励、令其欢喜。诸比丘,具足这六法的比丘,足以自利,也足以利他。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Chahi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano alaṃ paresaṃ. Katamehi chahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno ca hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagaḷāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; sandassako ca hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, chahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano alaṃ paresaṃ.
“诸比丘,具足五法的比丘,足以自利,也足以利他。哪五法呢?此处,比丘虽于诸善法不具有迅速领悟的能力,然而于所听闻的法善能忆持;于所持的法能审察其义理;了知义理与法之后,依法而行;并且言辞优雅、善巧,具足清晰、不含糊、能阐明义理的言语;又能为同梵行者开示、劝导、策励、令其欢喜。诸比丘,具足这五法的比丘,足以自利,也足以利他。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Pañcahi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano alaṃ paresaṃ. Katamehi pañcahi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na heva kho khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno ca hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti…pe… atthassa viññāpaniyā; sandassako ca hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, pañcahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano alaṃ paresaṃ.
“诸比丘,具足四法的比丘,足以自利,但不足以利他。哪四法呢?此处,比丘于诸善法速能领悟;于所听闻的法善能忆持;于所持的法能审察其义理;了知义理与法之后,依法而行;然而并非言辞善巧者,不具优雅的言语,缺乏清晰、不含糊、能阐明义理的话语;也不能为同梵行者开示、劝导、策励、令其欢喜。诸比丘,具足这四法的比丘,足以自利,但不足以利他。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano nālaṃ paresaṃ. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti ; dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno ca hoti; no ca kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagaḷāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; no ca sandassako hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano nālaṃ paresaṃ.
“诸比丘!成就四法的比丘,足以利益他人,不足以利益自身。是哪四法呢?诸比丘!于此,比丘于诸善法速疾领悟;于已听闻之法善于持守;然而于所持之法不审察其义;不了知义与法,不行法随法行;却是善语者、善言说者……能以言语表达义理;是……同梵行者的示导者。诸比丘!成就这四法的比丘,足以利益他人,不足以利益自身。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ paresaṃ nālaṃ attano. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; no ca dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; na ca atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo…pe… atthassa viññāpaniyā; sandassako ca hoti…pe… sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ paresaṃ, nālaṃ attano.
“诸比丘!成就三法的比丘,足以利益自身,不足以利益他人。是哪三法呢?诸比丘!于此,比丘于诸善法虽不速疾领悟;但于已听闻之法善于持守;于所持之法审察其义;了知义与法,行法随法行;然而,他并非善语者、善言说者,不具足优雅、清晰、不含糊、能表达义理的言语;也不是同梵行者的示导者、劝导者、鼓励者、激励者。诸比丘!成就这三法的比丘,足以利益自身,不足以利益他人。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Tīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano nālaṃ paresaṃ. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na heva kho khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno ca hoti; no ca kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagaḷāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; no ca sandassako hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano, nālaṃ paresaṃ.
“诸比丘!成就三法的比丘,足以利益他人,不足以利益自身。是哪三法呢?诸比丘!于此,比丘于诸善法虽不速疾领悟;但于已听闻之法善于持守;然而于所持之法不审察其义;不了知义与法,不行法随法行;却是善语者……能以言语表达义理;是同梵行者的示导者、劝导者、鼓励者、激励者。诸比丘!成就这三法的比丘,足以利益他人,不足以利益自身。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Tīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ paresaṃ, nālaṃ attano. Katamehi tīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na heva kho khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; sutānañca dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; no ca dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; no ca atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti…pe… atthassa viññāpaniyā; sandassako ca hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, tīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ paresaṃ, nālaṃ attano.
“诸比丘,具足二法的比丘堪能自利,却不足以利他。哪二法呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘于诸善法虽非速学敏悟者,于所闻法亦非总持不忘者,然于所受持的法是义理的审察者,了知义、了知法,是法随法行者;但非善言者……能开显义理;非……同梵行者的教导者。诸比丘,具足这二法的比丘堪能自利,却不足以利他。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano, nālaṃ paresaṃ. Katamehi dvīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na heva kho khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; no ca sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; dhātānañca dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno ca hoti; no ca kalyāṇavāco hoti…pe… atthassa viññāpaniyā; no ca sandassako hoti…pe… sabrahmacārīnaṃ . Imehi kho, bhikkhave, dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ attano, nālaṃ paresaṃ.
诸比丘,具足二法的比丘堪能利他,却不足以自利。哪二法呢?诸比丘,在此,比丘于诸善法既非速学敏悟者,于所闻法亦非总持不忘者,于所受持的法亦非义理的审察者,不了知义、不了知法,非法随法行者;然而是善言者、善语者,具足优雅、清晰、不含糊、能开显义理的言辞;是同梵行者的教示者、劝导者、策励者、激励者。诸比丘,具足这二法的比丘堪能利他,却不足以自利。显示巴利原文
‘‘Dvīhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ paresaṃ, nālaṃ attano. Katamehi dvīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na heva kho khippanisanti ca hoti kusalesu dhammesu; no ca sutānaṃ dhammānaṃ dhāraṇajātiko hoti; no ca dhātānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthūpaparikkhitā hoti; no ca atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti; kalyāṇavāco ca hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo, poriyā vācāya samannāgato vissaṭṭhāya anelagaḷāya atthassa viññāpaniyā; sandassako ca hoti samādapako samuttejako sampahaṃsako sabrahmacārīnaṃ. Imehi kho, bhikkhave , dvīhi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu alaṃ paresaṃ, nālaṃ attano’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
第三 略说经显示巴利原文
3. Saṃkhittasuttaṃ
63 那时,某位比丘来到世尊处……在一旁坐定后,那位比丘对世尊这样说:“尊者,愿世尊为我简略说法。我听闻世尊之法后,将独自远离,不放逸,热忱精进而住。”“正是这样,有些愚痴之人向我请求,待我说法时,他们却只想着跟随我。”“尊者,愿世尊为我简略说法,愿善逝为我简略说法。或许我能了知世尊所说之义,成为法的继承者。”“比丘,因此,你应当这样修学:‘我的内心将安住、善安住,已生起的恶不善法将不占据我的心。’比丘,你应当这样修学。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti. ‘‘Evamevaṃ panidhekacce moghapurisā mamaññeva ajjhesanti. Dhamme ca bhāsite mamaññeva anubandhitabbaṃ maññantī’’ti. ‘‘Desetu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ, desetu sugato saṃkhittena dhammaṃ. Appeva nāmāhaṃ bhagavato bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāneyyaṃ, appeva nāmāhaṃ bhagavato bhāsitassa dāyādo assa’’nti. ‘‘Tasmātiha te, bhikkhu evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘ajjhattaṃ me cittaṃ ṭhitaṃ bhavissati susaṇṭhitaṃ, na ca uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassantī’ti. Evañhi te, bhikkhu, sikkhitabbaṃ’’.
比丘,当你的内心已安住、善安住,已生起的恶不善法不再占据心时,这时,比丘,你应当这样修学:‘我的慈心解脱将修习、多修习,成为车乘,成为基础,已安立、已熟练、已善加精勤。’比丘,你应当这样修学。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ajjhattaṃ cittaṃ ṭhitaṃ hoti susaṇṭhitaṃ, na ca uppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti, tato te, bhikkhu, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā me cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi te, bhikkhu, sikkhitabbaṃ.
比丘,当此定经如此修习、多所修习之后,你便应修习此定为有寻有伺,亦应修习为无寻唯伺,修习为无寻无伺,修习为有喜,修习为无喜,修习为与乐俱,修习为与舍俱。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti bahulīkato, tato tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ samādhiṃ savitakkampi savicāraṃ bhāveyyāsi, avitakkampi vicāramattaṃ bhāveyyāsi, avitakkampi avicāraṃ bhāveyyāsi, sappītikampi bhāveyyāsi, nippītikampi bhāveyyāsi, sātasahagatampi bhāveyyāsi, upekkhāsahagatampi bhāveyyāsi.
比丘,当此定如此修习、善修习时,这时,比丘,你应当这样修学:‘我的悲心解脱……我的喜心解脱……我的舍心解脱将修习、多修习,成为车乘,成为基础,已安立、已熟练、已善加精勤。’比丘,你应当这样修学。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho, te bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti subhāvito, tato te, bhikkhu, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘karuṇā me cetovimutti… muditā me cetovimutti… upekkhā me cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi te, bhikkhu, sikkhitabbaṃ.
比丘,当此定如是修习、善修习时,你应当修习此定:有寻有伺,无寻唯伺,无寻无伺,有喜,无喜,与乐俱行,与舍俱行。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti subhāvito, tato tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ samādhiṃ savitakkasavicārampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkavicāramattampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkaavicārampi bhāveyyāsi, sappītikampi bhāveyyāsi, nippītikampi bhāveyyāsi, sātasahagatampi bhāveyyāsi, upekkhāsahagatampi bhāveyyāsi.
比丘,当此定如是修习、善修习时,你应当这样学:‘我将于身随观身而住,热诚、正知、具念,调伏世间贪忧。’比丘,你应当这样学。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti subhāvito, tato te, bhikkhu, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kāye kāyānupassī viharissāmi ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’nti. Evañhi te, bhikkhu, sikkhitabbaṃ.
比丘,当此定经如此修习、多所修习之后,你便应修习此定为有寻有伺,亦应修习为无寻唯伺,修习为无寻无伺,修习为有喜,修习为无喜,修习为与乐俱,修习为与舍俱。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti bahulīkato, tato tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ samādhiṃ savitakkasavicārampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkavicāramattampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkaavicārampi bhāveyyāsi, sappītikampi bhāveyyāsi, nippītikampi bhāveyyāsi, sātasahagatampi bhāveyyāsi , upekkhāsahagatampi bhāveyyāsi.
比丘,当此定如是修习、善修习时,你应当这样学:‘我将于受随观受而住,热诚、正知、具念,调伏世间贪忧;我将于心随观心而住,热诚、正知、具念,调伏世间贪忧;我将于法随观法而住,热诚、正知、具念,调伏世间贪忧。’比丘,你应当这样学。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti subhāvito, tato te, bhikkhu , evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharissāmi ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’nti; citte cittānupassī viharissāmi ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’nti; dhammesu dhammānupassī viharissāmi ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’nti. Evañhi te, bhikkhu, sikkhitabbaṃ.
“比丘,当你的这个定如此修习、多所修习后,那时,你应将此定修习为有寻有伺,应修习为无寻唯伺,应修习为无寻无伺,应修习为有喜,应修习为无喜,应修习为与乐俱行,应修习为与舍俱行。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti bahulīkato, tato tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ samādhiṃ savitakkasavicārampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkavicāramattampi bhāveyyāsi, avitakkaavicārampi bhāveyyāsi, sappītikampi bhāveyyāsi, nippītikampi bhāveyyāsi, sātasahagatampi bhāveyyāsi, upekkhāsahagatampi bhāveyyāsi.
“比丘,当你的这个定如此修习、善修习后,那时,无论你行至何处,皆将安乐而行;无论你立于何处,皆将安乐而立;无论你坐于何处,皆将安乐而坐;无论你卧于何处,皆将安乐而卧。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yato kho te, bhikkhu, ayaṃ samādhi evaṃ bhāvito hoti subhāvito, tato tvaṃ, bhikkhu, yena yeneva gagghasi phāsuṃyeva gagghasi, yattha yattha ṭhassasi phāsuṃyeva ṭhassasi, yattha yattha nisīdissasi phāsuṃyeva nisīdissasi, yattha yattha seyyaṃ kappessasi phāsuṃyeva seyyaṃ kappessasī’’ti.
那时,那位比丘得世尊以此教诫所教诫,便从座而起,礼敬世尊,右绕之后离去。之后,那位比丘独处、不放逸、精勤、自励而住。不久,他便为着善男子正当地从俗家出离而进入无家的目标——那无上的梵行终极,在现法中以证智自作证、具足而住。他证知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有后有。』那位比丘即成为阿拉汉之一。第三经。显示巴利原文
Atha kho so bhikkhu bhagavatā iminā ovādena ovadito uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho so bhikkhu eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca pana so bhikkhu arahataṃ ahosīti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. 伽耶山顶经显示巴利原文
4. Gayāsīsasuttaṃ
64 一时,世尊住在伽耶的伽耶山顶。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:……“诸比丘,在我尚未成正觉,还是菩萨的时候,我只感知到光明,却不见种种色。”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā gayāyaṃ viharati gayāsīse. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi…pe… ‘‘pubbāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddho bodhisattova samāno obhāsaññeva kho sañjānāmi, no ca rūpāni passāmi’’.
“诸比丘,那时我心中起念:‘若能既感知光明,又见到种种色,那么我的这个智见便会更加清净。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘sace kho ahaṃ obhāsañceva sañjāneyyaṃ rūpāni ca passeyyaṃ; evaṃ me idaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ parisuddhataraṃ assā’’’ti.
“诸比丘,后来,我安住于不放逸、热忱、精勤,我感知光明,也见到诸色,却不与那些天人共住、交谈、相互讨论。”显示巴利原文
‘‘So kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, aparena samayena appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto obhāsañceva sañjānāmi, rūpāni ca passāmi; no ca kho tāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭhāmi sallapāmi sākacchaṃ samāpajjāmi.
“诸比丘,那时我心中便这样思惟:‘如果我能感知光明,又能见到诸色,又能与那些天人共住、交谈、相互讨论,那么,我的这个智见便会更加清净。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘sace kho ahaṃ obhāsañceva sañjāneyyaṃ, rūpāni ca passeyyaṃ, tāhi ca devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭheyyaṃ sallapeyyaṃ sākacchaṃ samāpajjeyyaṃ; evaṃ me idaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ parisuddhataraṃ assā’’’ti.
“诸比丘,后来,我安住于不放逸、热忱、精勤,我感知光明,也见到诸色,也与那些天人共住、交谈、相互讨论;然而我并不知道那些天人:‘这些天人是来自这个天界还是那个天界。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘So kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, aparena samayena appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto obhāsañceva sañjānāmi, rūpāni ca passāmi, tāhi ca devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭhāmi sallapāmi sākacchaṃ samāpajjāmi; no ca kho tā devatā jānāmi – imā devatā amukamhā vā amukamhā vā devanikāyāti.
诸比丘,我这样想:‘如果我既感知光明,又看见诸色,能与那些天人共住、交谈、参与谈论,并了知那些天人——“这些天人是来自某某天众”,那么,我的这智见将更为清净。’显示巴利原文
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘sace kho ahaṃ obhāsañceva sañjāneyyaṃ, rūpāni ca passeyyaṃ, tāhi ca devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭheyyaṃ sallapeyyaṃ sākacchaṃ samāpajjeyyaṃ, tā ca devatā jāneyyaṃ – imā devatā amukamhā vā amukamhā vā devanikāyā’ti; evaṃ me idaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ parisuddhataraṃ assā’’’ti.
诸比丘,其后,我不放逸、热诚、自励而住时,既感知光明,又看见诸色;与那些天人共住、交谈、参与谈论;我也了知那些天人——“这些天人是来自某某天众”。然而,我尚不了知那些天人——“这些天人以此业的果报,由此处死,生于彼处”……我了知那些天人——“这些天人以此业的果报,由此处死,生于彼处”,但我尚不了知那些天人——“这些天人以此业的果报而有如此食、如此感受苦乐”……我了知那些天人——“这些天人以此业的果报而有如此食、如此感受苦乐”,但我尚不了知那些天人——“这些天人如此长寿、如此久住”……我了知那些天人——“这些天人如此长寿、如此久住”,然而我尚不了知——我先前是否曾与这些天人共住,或未曾共住。显示巴利原文
‘‘So kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, aparena samayena appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto obhāsañceva sañjānāmi, rūpāni ca passāmi, tāhi ca devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭhāmi sallapāmi sākacchaṃ samāpajjāmi, tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā amukamhā vā amukamhā vā devanikāyā’ti; no ca kho tā devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā imassa kammassa vipākena ito cutā tattha upapannā’ti…pe… tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā imassa kammassa vipākena ito cutā tattha upapannā’ti; no ca kho tā devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā imassa kammassa vipākena evamāhārā evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvediniyo’ti …pe… tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā imassa kammassa vipākena evamāhārā evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvediniyo’ti; no ca kho tā devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā evaṃdīghāyukā evaṃciraṭṭhitikā’ti…pe… tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā evaṃdīghāyukā evaṃciraṭṭhitikā’ti; no ca kho tā devatā jānāmi yadi vā me imāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbaṃ yadi vā na sannivutthapubbanti.
“诸比丘,我这样想:‘如果我既觉知光明,又看见诸色,能与那些天人共住、交谈、参与谈论,又了知那些天人——“这些天人来自某某天众”,又了知那些天人——“这些天人以此业的果报,由此处死,生于彼处”,又了知那些天人——“这些天人如此食、如此感受苦乐”,又了知那些天人——“这些天人如此长寿、如此久住”,又了知那些天人——我先前是否曾与这些天人共住,或未曾共住,如此,我的这智见将更为清净。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘sace kho ahaṃ obhāsañceva sañjāneyyaṃ, rūpāni ca passeyyaṃ, tāhi ca devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭheyyaṃ sallapeyyaṃ sākacchaṃ samāpajjeyyaṃ , tā ca devatā jāneyyaṃ – ‘imā devatā amukamhā vā amukamhā vā devanikāyā’ti, tā ca devatā jāneyyaṃ – ‘imā devatā imassa kammassa vipākena ito cutā tattha upapannā’ti, tā ca devatā jāneyyaṃ – ‘imā devatā evamāhārā evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvediniyo’ti, tā ca devatā jāneyyaṃ – ‘imā devatā evaṃdīghāyukā evaṃciraṭṭhitikā’ti, tā ca devatā jāneyyaṃ yadi vā me imāhi devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbaṃ yadi vā na sannivutthapubbanti; evaṃ me idaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ parisuddhataraṃ assā’’’ti.
“诸比丘,后来,我不放逸、热诚、自励而住时,觉知光明,也看见诸色,又与那些天人一道停留、交谈、论议,并且了知那些天人:‘这些天人来自某天众’;了知那些天人:‘这些天人依于此业果报,自此处死后转生彼处’;了知那些天人:‘这些天人如此受食,如此感受苦乐’;了知那些天人:‘这些天人如此长寿,如此久住’;了知那些天人:‘我过去曾与这些天人共住否?抑或不曾共住?’”显示巴利原文
‘‘So kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, aparena samayena appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto obhāsañceva sañjānāmi, rūpāni ca passāmi, tāhi ca devatāhi saddhiṃ santiṭṭhāmi sallapāmi sākacchaṃ samāpajjāmi, tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā amukamhā vā amukamhā vā devanikāyā’ti, tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā imassa kammassa vipākena ito cutā tattha upapannā’ti, tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā evamāhārā evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvediniyo’ti , tā ca devatā jānāmi – ‘imā devatā evaṃdīghāyukā evaṃciraṭṭhitikā’ti, tā ca devatā jānāmi yadi vā me devatāhi saddhiṃ sannivutthapubbaṃ yadi vā na sannivutthapubbanti.
诸比丘,只要我这八转的上天智见尚未完全清净,诸比丘,我便不于有天、魔、梵的世间,于沙门、婆罗门、天、人众生界中,宣称‘已现证无上正自觉’。诸比丘,然而,一旦我这八转的上天智见已得完全清净,诸比丘,我便于有天、魔、梵的世间,于沙门、婆罗门、天、人众生界中,宣称‘已现证无上正自觉’。而且,智与见于我心生起:‘我心解脱不动摇,这是最后生,如今不再有后有。’第四。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāvakīvañca me, bhikkhave, evaṃ aṭṭhaparivaṭṭaṃ adhidevañāṇadassanaṃ na suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṃ. Yato ca kho me , bhikkhave, evaṃ aṭṭhaparivaṭṭaṃ adhidevañāṇadassanaṃ suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṃ; ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi; akuppā me cetovimutti ; ayamantimā jāti natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
第五 胜处经显示巴利原文
5. Abhibhāyatanasuttaṃ
65 诸比丘,有八胜处。哪八种?内有色想者,见外在的诸色为少量,或美或丑。他作如是之想:『我超越它们,了知并看见。』这是第一胜处。显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhimāni, bhikkhave, abhibhāyatanāni. Katamāni aṭṭha? Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ paṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
内有色想者,见外在的诸色为无量,或美或丑。他作如是之想:『我超越它们,了知并看见。』这是第二胜处。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
“内无色想者,见外在的诸色为少量,或美或丑。他作如是之想:『我超越它们,了知并看见。』这是第三胜处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
“于内无色想者,外观诸色,或无量,或美,或丑。‘我胜他们,我知我见’,他生起如是之想。这是第四胜处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati appamāṇāni suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ catutthaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
“于内无色想者,外观诸色,青的、青辉的、青相的、青光闪耀的。‘我胜他们,我知我见’,他生起如是之想。这是第五胜处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati nīlāni nīlavaṇṇāni nīlanidassanāni nīlanibhāsāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ pañcamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
“于内无色想者,外观诸色,黄的、黄辉的、黄相的、黄光闪耀的。‘我胜他们,我知我见’,他生起如是之想。这是第六胜处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati pītāni pītavaṇṇāni pītanidassanāni pītanibhāsāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
“内无色想者,于外见诸色,红、红色、红相、红光泽。他生起这样的想:‘我征服他们色,我知、我见。’这是第七胜处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati lohitakāni lohitakavaṇṇāni lohitakanidassanāni lohitakanibhāsāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ sattamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ.
内无色想者,于外见诸色,白、白色、白相、白光泽。他生起这样的想:‘我征服他们色,我知、我见。’这是第八胜处。诸比丘,这便是八胜处。第五经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati odātāni odātavaṇṇāni odātanidassanāni odātanibhāsāni. ‘Tāni abhibhuyya jānāmi passāmī’ti, evaṃsaññī hoti. Idaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ abhibhāyatanaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha abhibhāyatanānī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
6. 解脱经显示巴利原文
6. Vimokkhasuttaṃ
66 “诸比丘,有八种解脱。哪八种呢?内有色想者,见外诸色,这是第一解脱。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, vimokkhā. Katame aṭṭha? Rūpī rūpāni passati. Ayaṃ paṭhamo vimokkho.
“于内无色想,于外观诸色,这是第二解脱。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī, bahiddhā rūpāni passati. Ayaṃ dutiyo vimokkho.
“唯倾心于净,这是第三解脱。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Subhanteva adhimutto hoti. Ayaṃ tatiyo vimokkho.
完全超越色想,有对想灭除,不作意种种想,以‘虚空无边’想,证入并安住于空无边处。这是第四解脱。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ catuttho vimokkho.
完全超越空无边处,以‘识是无边’想,证入并安住于识无边处。这是第五解脱。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ pañcamo vimokkho.
完全超越识无边处,以‘无所有’想,证入并安住于无所有处。这是第六解脱。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ chaṭṭho vimokkho.
彻底超越无所有处,证入非想非非想处而住。这是第七解脱。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ sattamo vimokkho.
彻底超越非想非非想处,证入想受灭而住。这是第八解脱。诸比丘,这便是八解脱。第六经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ aṭṭhamo vimokkho. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha vimokkhā’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
第七 非圣说经显示巴利原文
7. Anariyavohārasuttaṃ
67 诸位比丘,有八种非圣者之说。哪八种呢?于未见言已见,于未闻言已闻,于未觉言已觉,于未识言已识;于已见言未见,于已闻言未闻,于已觉言未觉,于已识言未识。诸位比丘,这便是八种非圣者之说。第七经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhime , bhikkhave, anariyavohārā. Katame aṭṭha? Adiṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, asute sutavāditā, amute mutavāditā, aviññāte viññātavāditā, diṭṭhe adiṭṭhavāditā, sute asutavāditā, mute amutavāditā, viññāte aviññātavāditā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha anariyavohārā’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
第八 圣者之说经显示巴利原文
8. Ariyavohārasuttaṃ
68 诸位比丘,有八种圣者之说。哪八种呢?于未见言未见,于未闻言未闻,于未觉言未觉,于未识言未识;于已见言已见,于已闻言已闻,于已觉言已觉,于已识言已识。诸位比丘,这便是八种圣者之说。第八经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhime, bhikkhave, ariyavohārā. Katame aṭṭha? Adiṭṭhe adiṭṭhavāditā, asute asutavāditā, amute amutavāditā, aviññāte aviññātavāditā, diṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, sute sutavāditā, mute mutavāditā, viññāte viññātavāditā. Ime kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha ariyavohārā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
69 “诸比丘,有八种众。哪八种?刹帝利众、婆罗门众、居士众、沙门众、四大王天众、三十三天众、魔众、梵天众。诸比丘,我记得曾前往数百个刹帝利众。在那里,我曾与他们同坐、交谈、共论。在那里,他们的容貌如何,我的容貌便如何;他们的音声如何,我的音声便如何。我以法语开示、劝导、激励,令他们欢喜。当我说话时,他们不知:‘这位说话者是天,还是人?’我以法语开示、劝导、激励,令其欢喜后,便隐没了。当我隐没时,他们也不知:‘这位隐没者是天,还是人?’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhimā, bhikkhave, parisā. Katamā aṭṭha? Khattiyaparisā , brāhmaṇaparisā, gahapatiparisā, samaṇaparisā, cātumahārājikaparisā, tāvatiṃsaparisā, māraparisā, brahmaparisā. Abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, anekasataṃ khattiyaparisaṃ upasaṅkamitā. Tatrapi mayā sannisinnapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpannapubbā. Tattha yādisako tesaṃ vaṇṇo hoti tādisako mayhaṃ vaṇṇo hoti, yādisako tesaṃ saro hoti tādisako mayhaṃ saro hoti. Dhammiyā ca kathāya sandassemi samādapemi samuttejemi sampahaṃsemi . Bhāsamānañca maṃ na jānanti – ‘ko nu kho ayaṃ bhāsati devo vā manusso vā’ti. Dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā antaradhāyāmi. Antarahitañca maṃ na jānanti – ‘ko nu kho ayaṃ antarahito devo vā manusso vā’’’ti.
诸比丘,我记得曾前往数百个婆罗门众、数百个居士众、数百个沙门众、数百个四大王天众、数百个三十三天众、数百个魔众、数百个梵天众。在那里,我曾与他们同坐、交谈、共论。在那里,他们的容貌如何,我的容貌便如何;他们的音声如何,我的音声便如何。我以法语开示、劝导、激励,令他们欢喜。当我说话时,他们不知:‘这位说话者是天,还是人?’我以法语开示、劝导、激励,令其欢喜后,便隐没了。当我隐没时,他们也不知:‘这位隐没者是天,还是人?’诸比丘,这便是八众。显示巴利原文
‘‘Abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, anekasataṃ brāhmaṇaparisaṃ…pe… gahapatiparisaṃ… samaṇaparisaṃ… cātumahārājikaparisaṃ… tāvatiṃsaparisaṃ… māraparisaṃ… brahmaparisaṃ upasaṅkamitā. Tatrapi mayā sannisinnapubbañceva sallapitapubbañca sākacchā ca samāpannapubbā. Tattha yādisako tesaṃ vaṇṇo hoti tādisako mayhaṃ vaṇṇo hoti, yādisako tesaṃ saro hoti tādisako mayhaṃ saro hoti. Dhammiyā ca kathāya sandassemi samādapemi samuttejemi sampahaṃsemi. Bhāsamānañca maṃ na jānanti – ‘ko nu kho ayaṃ bhāsati devo vā manusso vā’ti. Dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā antaradhāyāmi. Antarahitañca maṃ na jānanti – ‘ko nu kho ayaṃ antarahito devo vā manusso vā’ti. Imā kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭha parisā’’ti. Navamaṃ.
10. 地震经显示巴利原文
10. Bhūmicālasuttaṃ
70 一时,世尊住在毗舍离的大林重阁讲堂。那时,世尊于午前时分,着衣持钵,入毗舍离城托钵。于毗舍离城托钵已,食后从托钵处返回,便对具寿阿难说:“阿难,携带坐具,我们前往遮波罗塔庙,作日间住处。”“是的,尊者。”具寿阿难应诺世尊后,持坐具紧随世尊而行。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Vesāliyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘gaṇhāhi, ānanda, nisīdanaṃ. Yena cāpālaṃ cetiyaṃ tenupasaṅkamissāma divāvihārāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā nisīdanaṃ ādāya bhagavantaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandhi.
于是,世尊前往遮波罗塔庙。到达后,坐在已设的座位上。坐下后,世尊对具寿阿难说:“阿难,毗舍离令人愉悦,乌德那塔庙令人愉悦,乔达摩咖塔庙令人愉悦,沙答巴塔庙令人愉悦,巴胡普答咖塔庙令人愉悦,沙兰达达塔庙令人愉悦,遮波罗塔庙令人愉悦。阿难,若有人修习、多修习四神足,将其作为车乘、作为基础,已安立、已积聚、已善加精勤,阿难,他若愿意,便能住立一劫或一劫有余。阿难,如来已修习、多修习四神足,将其作为车乘、作为基础,已安立、已积聚、已善加精勤。阿难,如来若愿意,便能住立一劫或一劫有余。”纵使世尊给出了这般显明的暗示、这般显明的表示,具寿阿难却未能觉察;他不曾这样请求世尊:‘尊者,愿世尊住立一劫,愿善逝住立一劫,为众人的利益,为众人的安乐,为悲悯世间,为天人的义利、利益与安乐。’因为他的心被魔罗所覆蔽。显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā yena cāpālaṃ cetiyaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ramaṇīyā , ānanda, vesālī, ramaṇīyaṃ udenaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ gotamakaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ sattambaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ bahuputtakaṃ cetiyaṃ; ramaṇīyaṃ sārandadaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ cāpālaṃ cetiyaṃ. Yassa kassaci , ānanda, cattāro iddhipādā bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, ākaṅkhamāno so, ānanda, kappaṃ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṃ vā. Tathāgatassa kho, ānanda, cattāro iddhipādā bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Ākaṅkhamāno, ānanda, tathāgato kappaṃ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṃ vā’’ti. Evampi kho āyasmā ānando bhagavatā oḷārike nimitte kayiramāne oḷārike obhāse kayiramāne nāsakkhi paṭivijjhituṃ; na bhagavantaṃ yāci – ‘‘tiṭṭhatu, bhante, bhagavā kappaṃ, tiṭṭhatu sugato kappaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’’nti, yathā taṃ mārena pariyuṭṭhitacitto.
世尊第二次……乃至第三次告诉具寿阿难:“阿难,毘舍离是可爱的,乌德那塔庙是可爱的,乔达摩伽塔庙、沙答巴塔庙、巴胡普答伽塔庙、沙兰达达塔庙和遮波罗塔庙,也都是可爱的。阿难,任何人若已修习、多修习四神足,令其成为车乘、成为根基,已善行、已积集、已善精勤,他若愿意,便能住世一劫或一劫有余。阿难,如来也已经修习、多修习四神足……乃至已善精勤。阿难,如来若愿意,也能住世一劫或一劫有余。”尽管世尊给出了这样显著的暗示、这样明白的表示,具寿阿难却未能领会;他没有请求世尊:“尊者,为利益众人、安乐众人、悲悯世间、为人天带来利益与安乐,愿世尊住世一劫,愿善逝住世一劫。”因为他的心被魔罗所覆蔽。显示巴利原文
Dutiyampi kho bhagavā…pe… tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ramaṇīyā, ānanda, vesālī, ramaṇīyaṃ udenaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ gotamakaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ sattambaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ bahuputtakaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ sārandadaṃ cetiyaṃ, ramaṇīyaṃ cāpālaṃ cetiyaṃ. Yassa kassaci, ānanda, cattāro iddhipādā bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, ākaṅkhamāno so, ānanda, kappaṃ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṃ vā. Tathāgatassa kho, ānanda, cattāro iddhipādā bhāvitā…pe… ākaṅkhamāno, ānanda, tathāgato kappaṃ vā tiṭṭheyya kappāvasesaṃ vā’’ti. Evampi kho āyasmā ānando bhagavatā oḷārike nimitte kayiramāne oḷārike obhāse kayiramāne nāsakkhi paṭivijjhituṃ; na bhagavantaṃ yāci – ‘‘tiṭṭhatu, bhante, bhagavā kappaṃ, tiṭṭhatu sugato kappaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’’nti, yathā taṃ mārena pariyuṭṭhitacitto.
那时,世尊对具寿阿难说:“阿难,你觉得是时候了,就去吧。”“是,尊者!”具寿阿难应答世尊后,便从座起身,向世尊顶礼,右绕行礼,然后在离世尊不远处的一棵树下坐了下来。此时,恶魔魔罗在具寿阿难离开后不久,来到了世尊面前,对他这样说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘gaccha tvaṃ , ānanda, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā bhagavato avidūre aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi. Atha kho māro pāpimā acirapakkante āyasmante ānande bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
“尊者,愿世尊今般涅槃,愿善逝今般涅槃。尊者,此刻正是世尊般涅槃之时。尊者,世尊曾亲口说过:‘恶魔,在我的比丘弟子尚未成为有智、善调、自信、安稳、多闻、持法、法随法行、如法而行、随法而行,从自导师处学得教法后,能宣说、解说、施设、确立、开显、分别、阐明,能以正法善巧折伏已生起的他论,并能宣说具备神变力的教法之前,我将不般涅槃。’尊者,而今世尊的比丘弟子,已是有智、善调、自信、安稳、多闻、持法、法随法行、如法而行、随法而行,从自导师处学得教法后,已能宣说、解说、施设、确立、开显、分别、阐明,能以正法善巧折伏已生起的他论,并宣说具备神变力的教法。显示巴利原文
‘‘Parinibbātu dāni, bhante, bhagavā, parinibbātu sugato. Parinibbānakālo dāni, bhante , bhagavato. Bhāsitā kho panesā, bhante, bhagavatā vācā – ‘na tāvāhaṃ, pāpima, parinibbāyissāmi yāva me bhikkhū na sāvakā bhavissanti viyattā vinītā visāradā pattayogakkhemā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā sāmīcippaṭipannā anudhammacārino, sakaṃ ācariyakaṃ uggahetvā ācikkhissanti desessanti paññapessanti paṭṭhapessanti vivarissanti vibhajissanti uttānīkarissanti uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ sahadhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā sappāṭihāriyaṃ dhammaṃ desessantī’ti. Etarahi, bhante, bhikkhū bhagavato sāvakā viyattā vinītā visāradā pattayogakkhemā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā sāmīcippaṭipannā anudhammacārino, sakaṃ ācariyakaṃ uggahetvā ācikkhanti desenti paññapenti paṭṭhapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttānīkaronti uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ sahadhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā sappāṭihāriyaṃ dhammaṃ desenti.
“尊者!愿世尊今般涅槃,愿善逝今般涅槃。尊者!此刻正是世尊般涅槃之时。尊者!世尊曾这样说过:‘恶魔,我不般涅槃,直到我的比丘尼弟子们……乃至我的近事男弟子们……乃至我的近事女弟子们,成为聪慧、善调御、自信、安稳、多闻、持法、法随法行、正行、随法行的弟子;直到她们学习了自己导师的教法之后,能教导、宣说、施设、建立、开显、分别、阐明;能以正法善巧折伏已生起的反论,宣说具足神变的法。’尊者!如今世尊的近事女弟子们,正是如此聪慧、善调御、自信、安稳、多闻、持法、法随法行、正行、随法行;她们学习了自己导师的教法后,教导、宣说、施设、建立、开显、分别、阐明;能以正法善巧折伏已生起的反论,宣说具足神变的法。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Parinibbātu dāni, bhante, bhagavā, parinibbātu sugato. Parinibbānakālo dāni, bhante, bhagavato. Bhāsitā kho panesā, bhante, bhagavatā vācā – ‘na tāvāhaṃ, pāpima, parinibbāyissāmi yāva me bhikkhuniyo na sāvikā bhavissanti…pe… yāva me upāsakā na sāvakā bhavissanti…pe… yāva me upāsikā na sāvikā bhavissanti viyattā vinītā visāradā pattayogakkhemā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā sāmīcippaṭipannā anudhammacāriniyo, sakaṃ ācariyakaṃ uggahetvā ācikkhissanti desessanti paññapessanti paṭṭhapessanti vivarissanti vibhajissanti uttānīkarissanti, uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ sahadhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā sappāṭihāriyaṃ dhammaṃ desessantī’ti. Etarahi, bhante, upāsikā bhagavato sāvikā viyattā vinītā visāradā pattayogakkhemā bahussutā dhammadharā dhammānudhammappaṭipannā sāmīcippaṭipannā anudhammacāriniyo, sakaṃ ācariyakaṃ uggahetvā ācikkhanti desenti paññapenti paṭṭhapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttānīkaronti, uppannaṃ parappavādaṃ sahadhammena suniggahitaṃ niggahetvā sappāṭihāriyaṃ dhammaṃ desenti.
“尊者!愿世尊今般涅槃,愿善逝今般涅槃。尊者!此刻正是世尊般涅槃之时。尊者!世尊曾这样说过:‘恶魔,我不般涅槃,直到我的梵行成就、繁荣、广布、大众化、广大流传,乃至被天与人善加宣扬。’尊者!如今世尊的梵行已然成就、繁荣、广布、大众化、广大流传,已被天与人善加宣扬。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Parinibbātu dāni, bhante, bhagavā, parinibbātu sugato. Parinibbānakālo dāni, bhante, bhagavato. Bhāsitā kho panesā, bhante, bhagavatā vācā – ‘na tāvāhaṃ, pāpima, parinibbāyissāmi yāva me idaṃ brahmacariyaṃ na iddhañceva bhavissati phītañca vitthārikaṃ bāhujaññaṃ puthubhūtaṃ, yāva devamanussehi suppakāsita’nti. Etarahi, bhante, bhagavato brahmacariyaṃ iddhañceva phītañca vitthārikaṃ bāhujaññaṃ puthubhūtaṃ, yāva devamanussehi suppakāsitaṃ.
“尊者!愿世尊今般涅槃,愿善逝今般涅槃。尊者!此刻正是世尊般涅槃之时。”“波旬,你不必再费心了。如来不久便将般涅槃。三个月后,如来当般涅槃。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Parinibbātu dāni, bhante, bhagavā, parinibbātu sugato. Parinibbānakālo dāni, bhante, bhagavato’’ti. ‘‘Appossukko tvaṃ, pāpima, hohi. Naciraṃ tathāgatassa parinibbānaṃ bhavissati. Ito tiṇṇaṃ māsānaṃ accayena tathāgato parinibbāyissatī’’ti.
那时,世尊在遮波罗支提,以正念正知,舍弃了寿行。世尊舍弃寿行时,大地发生剧烈震动,令人恐怖,身毛竖立,天鼓亦同时震响。那时,世尊了知此义,于彼时刻,自说此优陀那:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā cāpāle cetiye sato sampajāno āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossaji. Ossaṭṭhe ca bhagavatā āyusaṅkhāre mahābhūmicālo ahosi bhiṃsanako salomahaṃso, devadundubhiyo ca phaliṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi –
“牟尼已舍可量与不可量之生,以及有行;
乐于内在、得定之人,破除了如自生之铠甲。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Tulamatulañca sambhavaṃ, bhavasaṅkhāramavassaji muni; Ajjhattarato samāhito, abhindi kavacamivattasambhava’’nti.
那时,具寿阿难心中生起此念:“这真是一场大地震;这真是一场极大的地震,令人恐怖、身毛竖立,天鼓也轰鸣了。何因何缘,令大地震动出现呢?”显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi – ‘‘mahā vatāyaṃ bhūmicālo; sumahā vatāyaṃ bhūmicālo bhiṃsanako salomahaṃso, devadundubhiyo ca phaliṃsu. Ko nu kho hetu, ko paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāyā’’ti?
那时,具寿阿难往诣世尊,顶礼世尊后,退坐一面。退坐一面后,具寿阿难对世尊这样说:“尊者!这真是一场大地震;尊者!这真是一场极大的地震,令人恐怖、身毛竖立,天鼓也轰鸣了。尊者!何因何缘,令大地震动出现呢?”显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vatāyaṃ, bhante, bhūmicālo ; sumahā vatāyaṃ, bhante, bhūmicālo bhiṃsanako salomahaṃso, devadundubhiyo ca phaliṃsu. Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāyā’’ti?
“阿难!有八种因、八种缘,令大地震动出现。哪八种呢?阿难!此大地依水而住;水依风而住;风住于虚空。阿难!有时大风吹起;大风吹起时摇荡水;水被摇荡时便摇动大地。阿难!这是第一因、第一缘,令大地震动出现。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhime, ānanda, hetū, aṭṭha paccayā mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya. Katame aṭṭha? Ayaṃ, ānanda, mahāpathavī udake patiṭṭhitā; udakaṃ vāte patiṭṭhitaṃ; vāto ākāsaṭṭho hoti. So, ānanda, samayo yaṃ mahāvātā vāyanti; mahāvātā vāyantā udakaṃ kampenti; udakaṃ kampitaṃ pathaviṃ kampeti. Ayaṃ, ānanda, paṭhamo hetu, paṭhamo paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
再者,阿难!有具足神通、心得自在的沙门或婆罗门,或有具大神通、大威力的天神。他修习了有限的地想与无量的水想,能令此大地震动、普遍震动、彻底震动、剧烈动摇。阿难!这是大地震动出现的第二个因、第二个缘。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā iddhimā cetovasippatto devatā vā mahiddhikā mahānubhāvā. Tassa parittā pathavīsaññā bhāvitā hoti, appamāṇā āposaññā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ kampeti saṅkampeti sampakampeti sampavedheti. Ayaṃ, ānanda, dutiyo hetu, dutiyo paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
“再者,阿难!当菩萨从兜率天身殁后,具念、正知,入母胎时,此大地震动、普遍震动、彻底震动、剧烈动摇。阿难!这是大地震动出现的第三个因、第三个缘。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, yadā bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, tadāyaṃ pathavī kampati saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, tatiyo hetu; tatiyo paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
“再者,阿难!当菩萨具念、正知,从母胎出生时,此大地震动、普遍震动、彻底震动、剧烈动摇。阿难!这是大地震动出现的第四个因、第四个缘。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, yadā bodhisatto sato sampajāno mātukucchismā nikkhamati, tadāyaṃ pathavī kampati saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, catuttho hetu, catuttho paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
复次,阿难,当如来证得无上正自觉时,此大地则震动、遍震、等遍震、等遍动。阿难,这是大地震动现起的第五因、第五缘。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, yadā tathāgato anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhati, tadāyaṃ pathavī kampati saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, pañcamo hetu, pañcamo paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
“复次,阿难,当如来转无上法轮时,此大地则震动、遍震、等遍震、等遍动。阿难,这是大地震动现起的第六因、第六缘。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, yadā tathāgato anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavatteti, tadāyaṃ pathavī kampati saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, chaṭṭho hetu, chaṭṭho paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
“复次,阿难,当如来正念正知,放下寿行时,此大地则震动、遍震、等遍震、等遍动。阿难,这是大地震动现起的第七因、第七缘。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, yadā tathāgato sato sampajāno āyusaṅkhāraṃ ossajjati, tadāyaṃ pathavī kampati saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, sattamo hetu, sattamo paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya.
再者,阿难,当如来于无余涅槃界般涅槃时,此大地震动、遍震动、等遍震动、等遍摇动。阿难,这是第八种因、第八种缘,令大地震动显现。阿难,这便是令大地震动显现的八种因、八种缘。显示巴利原文
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, ānanda, yadā tathāgato anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, tadāyaṃ pathavī kampati saṅkampati sampakampati sampavedhati. Ayaṃ, ānanda, aṭṭhamo hetu, aṭṭhamo paccayo mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāya. Ime kho, ānanda, aṭṭha hetū, aṭṭha paccayā mahato bhūmicālassa pātubhāvāyā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
地震品第二显示巴利原文
Bhūmicālavaggo dutiyo.
“欲、足、略,伽耶与遍胜”显示巴利原文
Icchā alañca saṃkhittaṃ, gayā abhibhunā saha;
Vimokkho dve ca vohārā, parisā bhūmicālenāti.