布萨品显示巴利原文
5. Uposathavaggo
略说布萨经显示巴利原文
1. Saṅkhittūposathasuttaṃ
41 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊对诸比丘说:“诸比丘。”比丘们回答:“尊者。”世尊便如此说道:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
诸比丘,具足八支的布萨,若如法受持,能得大果报、大利益、大光辉、大遍满。诸比丘,具足八支的布萨,如何受持方能成就如此大果报、大利益、大光辉、大遍满呢?诸比丘,在此,圣弟子应如此省察:‘诸阿拉汉终其一生,皆舍断杀生,远离杀生,放下棍棒,放下刀剑,常怀惭愧,具足悲悯,为饶益和哀愍一切众生而安住。今日,于这一整日与一整夜,我也当舍断杀生,远离杀生,放下棍棒,放下刀剑,常怀惭愧,具足悲悯,为饶益和哀愍一切众生而安住。以此一支,我随学于诸阿拉汉,我的布萨便得圆满受持。’他即以此第一支而具足。显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, bhikkhave, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha , bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
‘诸阿拉汉终其一生,皆舍断不与取,远离不与取,只取所给予之物,只期待所给予之物,以不盗取、内心清净的方式安住。今日,于这一整日与一整夜,我也当舍断不与取,远离不与取,只取所给予之物,只期待所给予之物,以不盗取、内心清净的方式安住。以此一支,我随学于诸阿拉汉,我的布萨便得圆满受持。’他即以此第二支而具足。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭiviratā dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā dutiyena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
‘诸阿拉汉终其一生,皆舍断非梵行,修习梵行,行持远离之道,远离婬欲的俗法。今日,于这一整日与一整夜,我也当舍断非梵行,修习梵行,行持远离之道,远离婬欲的俗法。以此一支,我随学于诸阿拉汉,我的布萨便得圆满受持。’他即以此第三支而具足。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārino ārācārino viratā methunā gāmadhammā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā tatiyena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
『诸阿拉汉尽形寿,舍断妄语、远离妄语,说真实语,与真实相合,坚固可信,对世间不欺诳。我今于此夜及此一日,舍断妄语、远离妄语,说真实语,与真实相合,坚固可信,对世间不欺诳。我以此支分随学诸阿拉汉,我的布萨将得以受持。』他由此具足这第四支。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭiviratā saccavādino saccasandhā thetā paccayikā avisaṃvādako lokassa. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā catutthena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
『诸阿拉汉尽形寿,舍断诸放逸因的酒类,远离诸放逸因的酒类。我今于此夜及此一日,舍断诸放逸因的酒类,远离诸放逸因的酒类。我以此支分随学诸阿拉汉,我的布萨将得以受持。』他由此具足这第五支。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā pañcamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
『诸阿拉汉尽形寿,一日一食,夜间止食,远离非时食。我今于此夜及此一日,一日一食,夜间止食,远离非时食。我以此支分随学诸阿拉汉,我的布萨将得以受持。』他由此具足这第六支。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto ekabhattikā rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ ekabhattiko rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā chaṭṭhena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
诸阿拉汉尽形寿舍离歌舞、音乐、演艺观赏,以及花鬘、香料、涂香、装饰、庄严之处,远离如是诸事。我于今日此日此夜,亦舍离歌舞、音乐、演艺观赏,以及花鬘、香料、涂香、装饰、庄严之处,远离如是诸事。以此支我随学诸阿拉汉,我的布萨即得受持。”他具足此第七支。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā sattamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti.
诸阿拉汉尽形寿舍离高床、大床,远离高床、大床,唯以低处为卧具,或小床,或草敷。我于今日此日此夜,亦舍离高床、大床,远离高床、大床,唯以低处为卧具,或小床,或草敷。以此支我随学诸阿拉汉,我的布萨即得受持。”他具足此第八支。诸比丘!如此受持的具足八支的布萨,有大果、大利益、大光辉、大遍满。”第一经。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi , uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti . Evaṃ upavuttho kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
第二 广说布萨经显示巴利原文
2. Vitthatūposathasuttaṃ
42 诸比丘!具足八支的布萨若受持,能得大果报、大利益、大光明、大遍满。诸比丘!如何受持的具足八支的布萨,能得大果报、大利益、大光明、大遍满?诸比丘!于此,圣弟子如是省察:‘阿拉汉尽其一生的生命,皆舍断杀生、远离杀生,放下棍棒、放下刀杖,有惭有愧,具足悲悯,为利益与哀愍一切众生而住。我于今日今夜、今日此日,也舍断杀生、远离杀生,放下棍棒、放下刀杖,有惭有愧,具足悲悯,为利益与哀愍一切众生而住。我以这一支法,随学于阿拉汉,我的布萨将因此而受持。’他即以此第一支分而得成就。显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato , bhikkhave, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
‘阿拉汉尽其一生的生命,皆舍断高广大床,远离高广大床,以低处为卧具,或小床,或草席。我于今日今夜、今日此日,也舍断高广大床,远离高广大床,以低处为卧具,或小床,或草席。我以这一支法,随学于阿拉汉,我的布萨将因此而受持。’他即以此第八支分而得成就。诸比丘!如此受持的具足八支的布萨,能得大果报、大利益、大光明、大遍满。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro .
其果报有多大?其利益有多大?其光明有多大?其遍满有多大?诸比丘!譬如有人统御这十六大国,享有七宝丰饶的君王统治权,即所谓:鸯伽、摩揭陀、迦尸、拘萨罗、跋耆、末罗、支提、旺伽、俱卢、般遮罗、摩差、苏罗西那、阿萨迦、阿般提、犍陀罗、剑洴沙。然而,其福德仍不及具足八支之布萨的十六分之一。何以故?诸比丘!人间的王权乐,相较于天界的安乐,实是微不足道的。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti kīvamahānisaṃso kīvamahājutiko kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, bhikkhave, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
“诸比丘,人间五十年,为四大王天诸天人的一日一夜。其夜三十日为一月,其月十二月为一年;依此年算,天界五百年为四大王天诸天人的寿量。诸比丘,这确实是可能的:若有一女子或男子在此处受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,得投生于四大王天诸天人的同伴之中。诸比丘,正因如此,才说:“相比天界之乐,人间的王国是微不足道的。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo . Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
“诸比丘,人间百年,为三十三天诸天人的一日一夜。其夜三十日为一月,其月十二月为一年;依此年算,天界一千年为三十三天诸天人的寿量。诸比丘,这确实是可能的:若有一女子或男子在此处受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,得投生于三十三天诸天人的同伴之中。诸比丘,正因如此,才说:“相比天界之乐,人间的王国是微不足道的。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni vassasatāni, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbaṃ vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
诸比丘,人间二百年,为夜摩天诸天人的一日一夜。其夜三十日为一月,其月十二月为一年;依此年算,天界二千年为夜摩天诸天人的寿量。诸比丘,这确实是可能的:若有一女子或男子在此处受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,得投生于夜摩天诸天人的同伴之中。诸比丘,正因如此,才说:“相比天界之乐,人间的王国是微不足道的。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni, yāmānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni dve vassasahassāni yāmānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā yāmānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
“诸比丘,人间的四百年,是兜率天诸天的一日一夜。如此三十夜为一月,十二月为一年。以此天年计算,兜率天诸天的寿量为天寿四千年。然而,诸比丘,这是可能的:在此处,若有某位女人或男人受持了具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,可能投生于兜率天诸天的同伴之中。诸比丘,正是缘于此而说:‘人间的王权,比起天界的快乐,实为鄙陋。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni cattāri vassasatāni, tusitānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni cattāri vassasahassāni tusitānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tusitānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
“诸比丘,人间的八百年,是化乐天诸天的一日一夜。如此三十夜为一月,十二月为一年。以此天年计算,化乐天诸天的寿量为天寿八千年。然而,诸比丘,这是可能的:在此处,若有某位女人或男人受持了具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,可能往生于化乐天诸天的同伴之中。诸比丘,正是依于此而说:‘人间的王权,比起天界的快乐,实为鄙陋。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni aṭṭha vassasatāni, nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni aṭṭha vassasahassāni nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
“诸比丘,人间的一千六百年,是他化自在天诸天的一日一夜。如此三十夜为一月,十二月为一年。以此天年计算,他化自在天诸天的寿量为天寿一万六千年。然而,诸比丘,这是可能的:在此处,若有某位女人或男人受持了具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,可能往生于他化自在天诸天的同伴之中。诸比丘,正是依于此而说:‘人间的王权,比起天界的快乐,实为鄙陋。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bhikkhave, mānusakāni soḷasa vassasatāni, paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
不应杀害生命,不应取未施与之物,
不应说妄语,不应饮酒;
应远离非梵行,不从事淫欲之事。
这便称为八支布萨,
由佛陀所开示,具有灭尽诸苦的功德。
「月亮与太阳,二者俱善现,
光明照耀,遍行诸方;
它们驱除黑暗,行于虚空,
在天空中辉耀,照亮十方。
在这中间,凡所拥有的财物,
珍珠、摩尼宝与上好的琉璃;
天然金,又或是黄金,
凡是那种被称为生金、哈答咖金的。
具足八支之布萨,
它们连十六分之一也及不上;
月光与一切星辰,也是如此。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye, Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā; Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā, Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ. ‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare , Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate; Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ, Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ. ‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā, Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā; Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā, Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā. ‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ, Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ; Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ, Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati. ‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa, Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ; Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe. ‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā, Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ; Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
无过失者,得生天界之处。」第二经。显示巴利原文
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. dutiyaṃ;
3. 毗舍佉经显示巴利原文
3. Visākhāsuttaṃ
43 一时,世尊住在舍卫城东园鹿母讲堂。那时,毗舍佉鹿母来到世尊处,礼敬世尊后,坐于一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿母说:“毗舍佉,若能受持具足八支的布萨,便有大果报、大利益、大光辉、大遍满。毗舍佉,怎样的具足八支布萨,受持后能得大果报、大利益、大光辉、大遍满呢?毗舍佉,于此,圣弟子这样省察:‘诸阿拉汉尽此一生,舍断杀生,远离杀生,放下棍棒与刀剑,具惭愧心,悲悯一切有情生类,为利乐与哀愍而住。我今日这一昼一夜,也舍断杀生,远离杀生,放下棍棒与刀剑,具惭愧心,悲悯一切有情生类,为利乐与哀愍而住。以此支,我随学诸阿拉汉,我受持布萨。’他以此具足第一支……(中略)……”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho, visākhe, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, visākhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi , uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’’’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
‘诸阿拉汉尽此一生,舍断高床大床,远离高床大床,受用低卧具——小床或草铺。我今日这一昼一夜,也舍断高床大床,远离高床大床,受用低卧具——小床或草铺。以此支,我随学诸阿拉汉,我受持布萨。’他以此具足第八支。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro.
“有多大的果报、多大的利益、多大的光辉、多大的遍满呢?毗舍佉,譬如有人统御这十六大国——盎嘎、摩揭陀、迦尸、憍萨喇、跋耆、马喇、切地、汪嘎、俱卢、般遮喇、马查、苏喇些那、阿萨咖、阿汪地、甘达喇、甘玻佳,享有丰饶财宝与君王权力,然而,这也不及具足八支的布萨功德的十六分之一。那是什么缘故呢?毗舍佉,人间的王权统治与天界的喜乐相比,实在微不足道。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti, kīvamahānisaṃso, kīvamahājutiko, kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, visākhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
毗舍佉,人间的五十年,是四大王天诸天人的一日一夜。以此夜三十夜为一月,以此月十二月为一年,以此年五百天年为四大王天诸天人的寿量。毗舍佉,此处亦有此事:若有女人或男子受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终之后,得投生于四大王天诸天之同伴中。毗舍佉,正是因此缘故而说:“人间的王权,比之天界的喜乐,实为微不足道。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya . Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
毗舍佉,人间的一百年,是三十三天诸天人的一日一夜。以此夜三十夜为一月,以此月十二月为一年,以此年一千天年为三十三天诸天人的寿量。毗舍佉,此处亦有此事:若有女人或男子受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终之后,得投生于三十三天诸天之同伴中。毗舍佉,正是因此缘故而说:“人间的王权,比之天界的喜乐,实为微不足道。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yaṃ , visākhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
“毗舍佉,人间的二百年……乃至……四百年……乃至……八百年……乃至……一千六百年,是他化自在天诸天人的一日一夜。以此夜三十夜为一月,以此月十二月为一年,以此年一万六千天年为他化自在天诸天人的寿量。毗舍佉,此处亦有此事:若有女人或男子受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终之后,得投生于他化自在天诸天之同伴中。毗舍佉,正是因此缘故而说:“人间的王权,比之天界的喜乐,实为微不足道。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni…pe… cattāri vassasatāni…pe… aṭṭha vassasatāni…pe… soḷasa vassasatāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo . Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
不应杀害生命,不应取未施与之物,
不应说虚妄语,亦不应饮酒;
应远离非梵行的男女交合,
夜晚不应受用非时食。
凡在中间的任何财富,
珍珠、宝石、琉璃及精妙之物;
纯金或黄金,
那被称为生金、哈答咖的,
具足八支的布萨,
亦不及它的十六分之一。
是故,具戒的女子与男子,
应受持具足八支的布萨;
修集引生安乐的诸善业后,
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye, Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā; Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā, Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ. ‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare, Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate; Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ, Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ. ‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā, Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā; Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā, Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā. ‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ, Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ; Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ, Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati. ‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa, Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ; Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe. ‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā, Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ; Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
无有过失者,得生天界之处。」 第三。显示巴利原文
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. tatiyaṃ;
4. 婆悉咤经显示巴利原文
4. Vāseṭṭhasuttaṃ
44 一时,世尊住在毗舍离大林重阁讲堂。那时,婆悉咤近事男来到世尊前,礼敬世尊后,在一旁坐下。世尊对坐在一旁的婆悉咤近事男这样说:「婆悉咤,守持具足八支的布萨,有大果报……乃至……无可指责者得生天界。」显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho vāseṭṭho upāsako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho vāseṭṭhaṃ upāsakaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, vāseṭṭha, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti…pe… aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti.
听了这话,婆悉咤近事男对世尊这样说:「尊者,愿我亲爱的亲族血亲能守持具足八支的布萨,这将为我亲爱的亲族血亲带来长久的利益与安乐。尊者,若一切刹帝利守持具足八支的布萨,这将为一切刹帝利带来长久的利益与安乐。尊者,若一切婆罗门……乃至……吠舍、首陀罗都守持具足八支的布萨,这将为一切首陀罗带来长久的利益与安乐。」显示巴利原文
Evaṃ vutte vāseṭṭho upāsako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘piyā me, bhante, ñātisālohitā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, piyānampi me assa ñātisālohitānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sabbe cepi, bhante, khattiyā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa khattiyānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sabbe cepi, bhante, brāhmaṇā…pe… vessā … suddā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa suddānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti.
正是这样,婆悉咤!正是这样,婆悉咤!婆悉咤,若一切刹帝利都守持具足八支的布萨,这对一切刹帝利就是长久的利益与安乐。婆悉咤,若一切婆罗门……乃至……吠舍、首陀罗都守持具足八支的布萨,这对一切首陀罗就是长久的利益与安乐。婆悉咤,若包括天、魔、梵天的世间,包括沙门、婆罗门以及天与人的一切众生,都守持具足八支的布萨,这对包括天、魔、梵天的世间,以及包括沙门、婆罗门、天与人的一切众生,就是长久的利益与安乐。婆悉咤,若这些大富豪都守持具足八支的布萨,这对这些大富豪就是长久的利益与安乐,何况是人呢!」第四经。显示巴利原文
‘‘Evametaṃ, vāseṭṭha, evametaṃ, vāseṭṭha! Sabbe cepi, vāseṭṭha, khattiyā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa khattiyānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sabbe cepi, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā…pe… vessā… suddā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, sabbesampissa suddānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Sadevako cepi, vāseṭṭha, loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ , sadevakassapissa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Ime cepi, vāseṭṭha, mahāsālā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavaseyyuṃ, imesampissa mahāsālānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya ( ) . Ko pana vādo manussabhūtassā’’ti! Catutthaṃ.
5. 觉支经显示巴利原文
5. Bojjhasuttaṃ
45 一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,近事女菩吉雅来到世尊所在之处,到已,礼敬世尊,于一面坐。世尊对退坐一面,的近事女菩吉雅这样说道:显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho bojjhā upāsikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho bojjhaṃ upāsikaṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
“菩吉雅,若人受持具足八支的布萨,便有大果报、大利益、大光辉、大遍满。菩吉雅,如何受持具足八支的布萨,能有大果报、大利益、大光辉、大遍满呢?菩吉雅,在此,圣弟子如此省察:‘诸阿拉汉终其一生舍断杀生,远离杀生,放下棍棒,放下刀剑,有惭耻,具足悲悯,为利益和哀愍一切众生而住。今日,我亦于此一夜一日之间,舍断杀生,远离杀生,放下棍棒,放下刀剑,有惭耻,具足悲悯,为利益和哀愍一切众生而住。我以此支,效仿诸阿拉汉,我的布萨便得以受持。’他以此第一支而具足……(中略)……显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato, bojjhe, uposatho upavuttho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Kathaṃ upavuttho ca, bojjhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro? Idha , bojjhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampino viharanti. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā paṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti…pe….
终生,诸阿拉汉皆舍断高床大床,远离高床大床,安于低卧之处——低床或草席之上。今此一日一夜,我亦舍断高床大床,远离高床大床,安于低卧之处——低床或草席之上。我以此分效仿诸阿拉汉,而受持此布萨。我如是具足这第八支。显示巴利原文
‘‘‘Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Ahaṃ pajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi – mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpaṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī’ti. Iminā aṭṭhamena aṅgena samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, bojjhe, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato uposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro.
功德究竟有多大?利益究竟有多大?光辉究竟有多大?遍满究竟有多大?菩吉雅,譬如有人统御这十六大国——即鸯伽、摩揭陀、迦尸、憍萨罗、跋耆、马喇、支提、梵伽、俱卢、般遮罗、马差、苏拉些那、阿萨咖、阿宛堤、甘达拉、甘玻迦,享有丰饶七宝的王权与王位——这些功德,尚不及具足八支布萨一分的十六分之一。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kīvamahapphalo hoti, kīvamahānisaṃso, kīvamahājutiko, kīvamahāvipphāro? Seyyathāpi, bojjhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya, seyyathidaṃ – aṅgānaṃ magadhānaṃ kāsīnaṃ kosalānaṃ vajjīnaṃ mallānaṃ cetīnaṃ vaṅgānaṃ kurūnaṃ pañcālānaṃ macchānaṃ sūrasenānaṃ assakānaṃ avantīnaṃ gandhārānaṃ kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, bojjhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya.
“菩吉雅,人间五十年,仅是四大王天诸天的一日一夜。以此夜计,三十日夜为一月;以此月计,十二月为一年。以此年计,天界五百年是四大王天诸天人的寿量。这里确有这样的可能:若有男子或女人,受持此具足八支的布萨已,于身坏命终后,便得投生于四大王天诸天人的同伴中。正是依于此,才这样说:'人间的王位,若比于天界之乐,实在微不足道。'”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yāni, bojjhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’’’.
“菩吉雅,人间一百年……(中略)……菩吉雅,人间二百年……(中略)……四百年……(中略)……八百年……(中略)……一千六百年,是他化自在天诸天人的一昼夜。以彼昼夜计,三十昼夜为一月;以彼月计,十二月为一年;以彼年计,天界一万六千年,是他化自在天诸天人的寿量。菩吉雅,这是可能的:若有女人或男子受持具足八支的布萨,身坏命终后,或能投生为他化自在天诸天人的同伴。菩吉雅,正是依此而说:‘人间的王位,较之天界的快乐,微不足道。’”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yaṃ, bojjhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ…pe… tāni, bojjhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni…pe… cattāri vassasatāni…pe… aṭṭha vassasatāni…pe… soḷasa vassasatāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, bojjhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ – ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’’’ti.
“不应杀害生命,不应取未予之物,
不应说妄语,不应饮酒;
应舍离非梵行的交合,
夜晚不应食非时食。
不应戴花鬘,亦不应涂香,
应卧于铺设在地上的床或席上;
这便称为八支布萨,
由佛陀所宣说,具足灭苦之德。
月亮与太阳,二者皆善现,
它们放射光明,周遍照耀,
那些驱除黑暗、行于虚空者,
于空中辉耀,照彻诸方。
彼之间所有财富,
珍珠、摩尼宝、琉璃,以及种种胜妙珍宝;
纯金、黄金,
以及被称作生金、哈答咖的。
“具足八支的布萨,”
它们也不及其十六分之一;
月光与一切星群的光芒,也是如此。
因此,持守戒行的女人与男人,
应受持八支具足的布萨,
修诸福德,能生安乐,
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye, Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā; Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā, Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ. ‘‘Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare, Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate; Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ, Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ. ‘‘Cando ca suriyo ca ubho sudassanā, Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā; Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā, Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā. ‘‘Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ, Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ; Siṅgīsuvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ, Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati. ‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa, Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ; Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe. ‘‘Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā, Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ; Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
无过失者,得生天界。」第五经显示巴利原文
Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhāna’’nti. pañcamaṃ;
6. 阿那律经显示巴利原文
6. Anuruddhasuttaṃ
46 一时,世尊住在憍赏弥城的瞿师罗园。那时,具寿阿那律进入日间住处,独自静坐。这时,众多意生身天人来到具寿阿那律跟前,礼敬后立于一旁。立于一旁的众天人对具寿阿那律说:“尊者阿那律,我们名为意生身天人,于三处而得自在、能行掌控。尊者阿那律,我们想要怎样的色,便能从彼处得到怎样的色;想要怎样的声,便能从彼处得到怎样的声;想要怎样的乐,便能从彼处得到怎样的乐。尊者阿那律,我们名为意生身天人,于这三处而得自在、能行掌控。”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati ghositārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā anuruddho divāvihāraṃ gato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho sambahulā manāpakāyikā devatā yenāyasmā anuruddho tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā devatā āyasmantaṃ anuruddhaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattema. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, yādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ saraṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ saraṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā imesu tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattemā’’ti.
那时,具寿阿那律心中生起这样的念头:‘啊,愿这些天人全都成为青色:青色相、青色衣、青色装饰。’那些天人觉知了具寿阿那律的心念,便全都化为青色:青色相、青色衣、青色装饰。显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmato anuruddhassa etadahosi – ‘‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva nīlā assu nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā’’ti. Atha kho tā devatā āyasmato anuruddhassa cittamaññāya sabbāva nīlā ahesuṃ nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā.
那时,具寿阿那律心中思惟:“啊,愿这些天人皆现黄色身……遍现红色身……遍现白色身、白色容貌、白色衣袍与白色璎珞。”彼时,那些天人了知具寿阿那律的心念,便悉数化为纯白之色:白色容貌、白色衣袍、白色璎珞。显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmato anuruddhassa etadahosi – ‘‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva pītā assu…pe… sabbāva lohitakā assu… sabbāva odātā assu odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā’’ti. Atha kho tā devatā āyasmato anuruddhassa cittamaññāya sabbāva odātā ahesuṃ odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā.
那时,那些天人有的歌唱,有的起舞,有的拨弹指乐。正如一套五支乐器,经善加调校、由巧手善击、为技艺精湛者奏出,那乐声确为雅妙、可喜、悦意、怡人、令人沉醉;同样,那些天人璎珞所出之声,亦复雅妙可喜、悦意怡人、令人沉醉。彼时,具寿阿那律摄护了诸根。显示巴利原文
Atha kho tā devatā ekā ca gāyi ekā ca nacci ekā ca accharaṃ vādesi. Seyyathāpi nāma pañcaṅgikassa tūriyassa suvinītassa suppaṭipatāḷitassa kusalehi susamannāhatassa saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca; evamevaṃ tāsaṃ devatānaṃ alaṅkārānaṃ saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho indriyāni okkhipi.
彼时,那些天人知道“阿那律尊者不喜此乐”,便于彼处隐没不见。傍晚时分,具寿阿那律从宴坐中起身,来到世尊之处;到后,礼敬世尊,退坐一面。坐定后,具寿阿那律便向世尊禀陈:显示巴利原文
Atha kho tā devatā ‘‘na khvayyo anuruddho sādiyatī’’ti tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā anuruddho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –
尊者,那时我正于日间住处独自安坐。当时,众多意生身天人来到我面前,向我礼敬后,站在一旁。尊者,站在一旁的那些天人对我这样说:‘尊者阿那律,我们是名为意生身的天人,于三处得自在、行威权。尊者阿那律,我们欲得何种颜色,即能随愿获得何种颜色;欲得何种音声,即能随愿获得何种音声;欲得何种快乐,即能随愿获得何种快乐。尊者阿那律,我们这些名为意生身的天人,便是在此三处得自在、行威权。’尊者,那时我心中生起这样的想法:‘啊!愿这些天人都成青色,具青色容貌,着青色衣服,佩青色装饰。’尊者,那时那些天人了知我的心念,便全都化为青色,具青色容貌,着青色衣服,佩青色装饰。显示巴利原文
‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, divāvihāraṃ gato homi paṭisallīno. Atha kho, bhante, sambahulā manāpakāyikā devatā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho, bhante, tā devatā maṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattema. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, yādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ saraṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ saraṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma; yādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ākaṅkhāma tādisakaṃ sukhaṃ ṭhānaso paṭilabhāma. Mayaṃ, bhante anuruddha, manāpakāyikā nāma devatā imesu tīsu ṭhānesu issariyaṃ kārema vasaṃ vattemā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva nīlā assu nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā’ti. Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā mama cittamaññāya sabbāva nīlā ahesuṃ nīlavaṇṇā nīlavatthā nīlālaṅkārā.
尊者,我接着又这样想:‘啊!愿这些天人全都成为黄色……(中略)……全都成为红色……(中略)……全都成为白色,白色容貌、白色衣服、白色庄饰。’尊者,那些天人了知我心,便全都变为白色,白色容貌、白色衣服、白色庄饰。显示巴利原文
‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, etadahosi – ‘aho vatimā devatā sabbāva pītā assu…pe… sabbāva lohitakā assu…pe… sabbāva odātā assu odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā’ti . Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā mama cittamaññāya sabbāva odātā ahesuṃ odātavaṇṇā odātavatthā odātālaṅkārā.
尊者,那时,那些天人一者唱歌,一者舞蹈,一者弹奏乐器。犹如五支乐器经善调校、善击奏、由善巧者善加合奏所出之音,是优美、可爱、可意、可喜、令人陶醉的;同样地,彼诸天人身上的严饰之音,也是优美、可爱、可意、可喜、令人陶醉的。尊者,那时我便摄护诸根。显示巴利原文
‘‘Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā ekā ca gāyi ekā ca nacci ekā ca accharaṃ vādesi. Seyyathāpi nāma pañcaṅgikassa tūriyassa suvinītassa suppaṭipatāḷitassa kusalehi susamannāhatassa saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca; evamevaṃ tāsaṃ devatānaṃ alaṅkārānaṃ saddo hoti vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca pemanīyo ca madanīyo ca. Atha khvāhaṃ, bhante, indriyāni okkhipiṃ.
“尊者!那时,那些天人心想:‘这位具寿阿那律不受。’便就地消失了。尊者!具足多少法的女人,在身坏命终后,能投生为意生身天人的同伴呢?”显示巴利原文
‘‘Atha kho, bhante, tā devatā ‘na khvayyo anuruddho sādiyatī’ti tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu. Katihi nu kho, bhante, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti?
“阿那律!具足八法的女人,在身坏命终后,投生为意生身天人的同伴。哪八法呢?阿那律!于此,父母出于利益、福祉与悲悯,将她许配给丈夫,她对那位丈夫早起晚睡、乐于作务、行仪合意、言语悦耳。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, anuruddha, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, anuruddha, mātugāmo yassa mātāpitaro bhattuno denti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya tassa hoti pubbuṭṭhāyinī pacchānipātinī kiṅkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī.
“她恭敬、尊重、尊敬、礼敬那些丈夫所敬重的人——无论是母亲、父亲,还是沙门、婆罗门——并以坐席与净水款待来客。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Ye te bhattu garuno honti – mātāti vā pitāti vā samaṇabrāhmaṇāti vā – te sakkaroti, garuṃ karoti , māneti, pūjeti, abbhāgate ca āsanodakena paṭipūjeti.
对于丈夫的家内活计——羊毛也好,棉花也好,她都能熟练操作、勤勉不懈,善于运用善巧的方法去观照,既有能力亲手做,也有能力妥善安排。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā – uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā – tattha dakkhā hoti analasā tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ.
对于丈夫家中的眷属——无论是奴仆、差役还是工人,她都知道什么是已做的、什么是未做的;她知病者体力的强弱,并能如法按量分给副食和主食。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano – dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā – tesaṃ katañca katato jānāti akatañca akatato jānāti, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānāti khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena saṃvibhajati.
丈夫带回来的财物、谷物或金银,她都能善加守护、妥善保管,不挥霍、不偷盗、不浪费、不损毁。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yaṃ bhattu āharati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti, tattha ca hoti adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikā.
她是优婆夷,已皈依佛,皈依法,皈依僧。显示巴利原文
‘‘Upāsikā kho pana hoti buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā.
她持戒具足——远离杀生,远离不与取,远离欲邪行,远离妄语,远离放逸之因的诸酒类。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sīlavatī kho pana hoti – pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā, adinnādānā paṭiviratā, kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā, musāvādā paṭiviratā, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā.
她具足布施,以远离垢染、远离悭吝的心住于家中,慷慨好施,常伸净手,乐于舍离,堪应乞求,喜于分施与分享。显示巴利原文
‘‘Cāgavatī kho pana hoti. Vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā.
“阿那律,具足这八法的女人,于身坏命终之后,投生到意生身诸天,与彼诸天为伴。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Imehi kho, anuruddha, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti.
凡恒常扶养她者,恒时热诚、精勤;
对于那位给予一切所欲的养育者、她的夫主,她不生轻慢。
她也不以嫉妒之语,触恼安稳的夫主;
于夫主所应敬重的一切人,贤慧者恭敬供养;
早起而无懈怠,善摄诸眷属;
行丈夫悦意之事,善护所积之物。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko; Taṃ sabbakāmadaṃ posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati. ‘‘Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issāvādena rosaye; Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā. ‘‘Uṭṭhāhikā analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā; Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati. ‘‘Yā evaṃ vattati nārī, bhattu chandavasānugā;
她所往生的天众,名为‘意乐天’。」第六经。显示巴利原文
Manāpā nāma te devā, yattha sā upapajjatī’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;
第二毗舍佉经显示巴利原文
7. Dutiyavisākhāsuttaṃ
47 一时,世尊住在舍卫城东园鹿母殿。那时,毗舍佉鹿母……(中略)……坐在一旁。世尊便对坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿母这样说——显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
“毗舍佉,具足八法的妇女,身坏命终后,往生为意乐身众天的同伴。哪八种呢?毗舍佉,在此,父母出于利益、福祉与怜悯,基于怜悯而将她许配与丈夫;她对那位丈夫早起、晚睡、顺从命令,行为可意,言语可爱……(中略)……”显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, visākhe, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yassa mātāpitaro bhattuno denti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya tassa hoti pubbuṭṭhāyinī pacchānipātinī kiṅkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī…pe….
“她具备施舍心:以离垢、离悭吝之心住在家中,慷慨施予,伸手救济,乐于舍离,堪受乞求,喜好布施分享。毗舍佉,具足这八法的女人,身坏命终后,便往生在意乐身天众的行列中。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Cāgavatī kho pana hoti. Vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā. Imehi kho, visākhe, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti.
凡是恒常护养她的人,精勤不懈、恒怀热忱;
对那赐予一切所欲的丈夫、她的夫主,她不生轻慢。
她也不以嫉妒之语激恼丈夫;
贤慧者恭敬丈夫所敬重的一切人。
她勤勉不懈,善能摄护眷属;
她行丈夫悦意之事,善护所积之财物。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko; Taṃ sabbakāmadaṃ posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati. ‘‘Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issāvādena rosaye; Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā. ‘‘Uṭṭhāhikā analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā; Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati. ‘‘Yā evaṃ vattati nārī, bhattu chandavasānugā;
她所往生之处的天人,名为意乐天。」第七经。显示巴利原文
Manāpā nāma te devā, yattha sā upapajjatī’’ti. sattamaṃ;
第八 那拘罗母经显示巴利原文
8. Nakulamātāsuttaṃ
48 一时,世尊住在跋耆国苏苏马拉山的毗萨咖喇林鹿野苑。那时,那拘罗母居士妇来至世尊处,礼敬后坐于一旁。世尊对坐在一旁的那拘罗母居士妇这样说:显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhaggesu viharati suṃsumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Atha kho nakulamātā gahapatānī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā…pe…. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho nakulamātaraṃ gahapatāniṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
“那拘罗母,具足八法的女子,于身坏命终后,将往生意乐身天神的同伴中。哪八种呢?那拘罗母,于此,女子被父母为了利益与福祉、出于悲悯与怜愍而交给丈夫,她对那位丈夫:早起,晚睡,恭敬承事,行其悦意,言语柔和。显示巴利原文
‘‘Aṭṭhahi kho, nakulamāte, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati. Katamehi aṭṭhahi? Idha, nakulamāte, mātugāmo yassa mātāpitaro bhattuno denti atthakāmā hitesino anukampakā anukampaṃ upādāya tassa hoti pubbuṭṭhāyinī pacchānipātinī kiṅkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī.
凡是丈夫所敬重的人——无论是母亲、父亲,还是沙门或婆罗门——她都恭敬、尊重、尊敬、礼敬;他们到来时,她便以座席与水殷勤款待。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ye te bhattu garuno honti – mātāti vā pitāti vā samaṇabrāhmaṇāti vā – te sakkaroti garuṃ karoti māneti pūjeti, abbhāgate ca āsanodakena paṭipūjeti.
凡是丈夫家内的活计——羊毛、棉花之类——她对这些事务熟练而不懈怠,具足审察思量的能力,能够妥善操作与安排。显示巴利原文
‘‘Ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā – uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā – tattha dakkhā hoti analasā tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ.
凡是丈夫家中的眷属,如奴仆、仆从或工人,她知道他们哪些工作已完成、哪些尚未完成;对于生病的人,她知其体力的强弱,并按适当的份量分配副食与主食。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano – dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā – tesaṃ katañca katato jānāti akatañca akatato jānāti, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānāti khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena saṃvibhajati.
凡丈夫带回的财富、谷物、银或金,她都以守护与防护妥善保管,于此不欺、不盗、不酗酒、不挥霍。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yaṃ bhattā āharati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti, tattha ca hoti adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikā.
而且她是近事女,已皈依佛,已皈依法,已皈依僧。显示巴利原文
‘‘Upāsikā kho pana hoti buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā dhammaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā saṅghaṃ saraṇaṃ gatā.
而且她具足戒行——离杀生……乃至……离放逸之因的诸酒类……乃至……。显示巴利原文
‘‘Sīlavatī kho pana hoti – pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā…pe….
她具足施舍,以离垢、离悭吝之心安住家中,是慷慨施舍者、伸手施予者、乐于舍弃者、堪为乞求者、乐于分施者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Cāgavatī kho pana hoti vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā.
“那拘罗母,具足这八法的女人,身坏命终后,便往生为意所乐身诸天的同伴。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Imehi kho, nakulamāte, aṭṭhahi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā manāpakāyikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjatī’’ti.
凡是常恒扶养她者,恒常热诚精勤;
对于能满足一切所愿的丈夫,她从不轻慢。
也不以嫉妒的话语激怒安稳的丈夫;
贤慧者恭敬丈夫所应恭敬的一切人。
勤勉不懈,不懒惰,善于摄护众人;
行丈夫所悦之事,善护所积之物。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yo naṃ bharati sabbadā, niccaṃ ātāpi ussuko; Taṃ sabbakāmadaṃ posaṃ, bhattāraṃ nātimaññati. ‘‘Na cāpi sotthi bhattāraṃ, issāvādena rosaye; Bhattu ca garuno sabbe, paṭipūjeti paṇḍitā. ‘‘Uṭṭhāhikā analasā, saṅgahitaparijjanā; Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati. ‘‘Yā evaṃ vattati nārī, bhattu chandavasānugā;
那些天人名为「意乐天」,她正是往生到那里。第八经。显示巴利原文
Manāpā nāma te devā, yattha sā upapajjatī’’ti. aṭṭhamaṃ;
9. 此世与他世经第一显示巴利原文
9. Paṭhamaidhalokikasuttaṃ
49 一时,世尊住在舍卫城东园的鹿母讲堂。那时,毗舍佉鹿母来到世尊所在之处……乃至……世尊对坐在一旁的毗舍佉鹿母这样说:显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe…. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca –
毗舍佉,成就四法的女人,便已行于此世间的胜利,她已赢得此世。是哪四种呢?毗舍佉,女人善巧于处理工作,善护摄受眷属,行丈夫所悦乐之事,善守所积蓄之物。显示巴利原文
‘‘Catūhi kho, visākhe, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti, saṅgahitaparijano, bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
毗舍佉,女人如何是善巧于处理工作者呢?毗舍佉,对于丈夫家中的活计——无论羊毛或棉花——她于此熟练、不懒惰,具足审察的方法,堪能造作、堪能安排。毗舍佉,女人如此即是善巧处理工作者。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , visākhe, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā – uṇṇāti vā kappāsāti vā – tattha dakkhā hoti analasā tatrupāyāya vīmaṃsāya samannāgatā alaṃ kātuṃ alaṃ saṃvidhātuṃ. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti.
“毗舍佉,女人如何是善护摄受眷属者呢?毗舍佉,对于丈夫家中的眷属——无论是奴仆、使者还是工人——她知道他们所完成的,也知道他们所尚未完成的;她知晓病者的气力强弱,将嚼食与啖食按份分与。毗舍佉,女人如此即是善护摄受眷属者。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano – dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā – tesaṃ katañca katato jānāti akatañca akatato jānāti, gilānakānañca balābalaṃ jānāti khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyañcassa paccaṃsena saṃvibhajati. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti.
毗舍佉,女人如何令丈夫欢喜呢?毗舍佉,在此,凡是丈夫所不喜的,她即使为了活命也不去做。毗舍佉,女人便是这样令丈夫欢喜的。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattu amanāpasaṅkhātaṃ taṃ jīvitahetupi na ajjhācarati. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati.
毗舍佉,女人如何守护所积聚的财产?毗舍佉,在此,女人对于丈夫带来的财富、谷物、银钱或黄金,她善于守护、妥善保护,不欺诈、不偷盗、不饮酒、不浪费。毗舍佉,女人便是这样守护所积聚的财产。毗舍佉,具足这四法的女人,是为今世胜利而行道者,今世已得成就。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattā āharati dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā taṃ ārakkhena guttiyā sampādeti, tattha ca hoti adhuttī athenī asoṇḍī avināsikā. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati. Imehi kho, visākhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti.
“毗舍佉,具足四法的女人,是为他世胜利而行道者,已赢得他世。哪四种法呢?毗舍佉,在此,女人具足信、具足戒、具足施、具足慧。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Catūhi kho , visākhe, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti, sīlasampanno hoti, cāgasampanno hoti, paññāsampanno hoti.
“毗舍佉,女人如何具足信呢?在此,女人有信心,她深信如来的觉悟:‘这位世尊是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上士调御丈夫、天人师、佛陀、世尊。’毗舍佉,这样,女人便具足信。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , visākhe, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti.
“毗舍佉,女人如何具足戒呢?在此,女人远离杀生……乃至远离成为放逸之因的诸酒类。毗舍佉,这样,女人便具足戒。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti? Idha , visākhe, mātugāmo pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti.
“毗舍佉,女人如何具足施呢?在此,女人以离垢、远离悭吝的心安住家中,慷慨好施,亲手布施,乐于舍弃,有求必应,乐于分享施物。毗舍佉,这样,女人便具足施。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , visākhe, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati muttacāgā payatapāṇinī vossaggaratā yācayogā dānasaṃvibhāgaratā. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti.
“毗舍佉,女人如何是具足慧者?毗舍佉,于此,女人是有慧者……乃至……毗舍佉,如此,女人是具足慧者。毗舍佉,具足这四法的女人,便是为来世的胜利而行道者,来世已然成就。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, visākhe, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti? Idha, visākhe, mātugāmo paññavā hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, visākhe, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti. Imehi kho, visākhe, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hotī’’ti.
“善理诸务,摄受眷属,
行令丈夫欢喜之事,善护所积之财物。
具足信心与戒行,慷慨无悭吝,
常净此道,通往来世安稳。
确实,若一位女子具足此八法,
她被称为具戒者、安住于法、说真实语者。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Susaṃvihitakammantā, saṅgahitaparijjanā; Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati. ‘‘Saddhā sīlena sampannā, vadaññū vītamaccharā; Niccaṃ maggaṃ visodheti, sotthānaṃ samparāyikaṃ. ‘‘Iccete aṭṭha dhammā ca, yassā vijjanti nāriyā; Tampi sīlavatiṃ āhu, dhammaṭṭhaṃ saccavādiniṃ. ‘‘Soḷasākārasampannā, aṭṭhaṅgasusamāgatā; Tādisī sīlavatī upāsikā;
他投生于可意的天界。」第九经。显示巴利原文
Upapajjati devalokaṃ manāpa’’nti. navamaṃ;
10. 第二此世经显示巴利原文
10. Dutiyaidhalokikasuttaṃ
50 诸比丘!具足四法的妇女,为成就此世而行道,此世便已掌握。哪四种?诸比丘!于此,妇女善巧管理事务,摄受眷属,随顺丈夫心意,守护所积。显示巴利原文
‘‘Catūhi , bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha , bhikkhave, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti, saṅgahitaparijano, bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati.
“诸比丘!怎样是妇女善于安排工作呢?诸比丘!于此,妇女对于丈夫家务范围内的事务……(中略)……诸比丘!妇女这样便是善于安排工作。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo ye te bhattu abbhantarā kammantā…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo susaṃvihitakammanto hoti.
“诸比丘!怎样是妇女善于摄受眷属呢?诸比丘!于此,妇女对于丈夫家中的眷属……(中略)……诸比丘!妇女这样便是善于摄受眷属。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo yo so bhattu abbhantaro antojano…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saṅgahitaparijano hoti.
“诸比丘!怎样是妇女行丈夫所喜呢?诸比丘!于此,妇女对于丈夫认为不喜的事,即使是为了生命,也不会去触犯。诸比丘!妇女这样便是行丈夫所喜。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattu amanāpasaṅkhātaṃ taṃ jīvitahetupi na ajjhācarati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo bhattu manāpaṃ carati.
诸比丘!妇女如何守护所积聚的财富?诸比丘!在此,妇女对于丈夫带来的……(中略)……诸比丘!妇女正是如此守护所积聚的财富。诸比丘!具足这四法的妇女,为现世的成就而行道,现世已得安稳。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo yaṃ bhattā āharati…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sambhataṃ anurakkhati. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo idhalokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, ayaṃsa loko āraddho hoti.
诸比丘!具足哪四法的妇女,为来世的成就而行道,来世已得安稳?显示巴利原文
‘‘Catūhi, bhikkhave, dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hoti. Katamehi catūhi? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti, sīlasampanno hoti, cāgasampanno hoti, paññāsampanno hoti.
诸比丘!妇女如何具足信?诸比丘!在此,妇女有信……(中略)……诸比丘!妇女正是如此具足信。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddho hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo saddhāsampanno hoti.
诸比丘,女人怎样才算是具足戒行呢?在此,女人远离杀生……乃至……远离诸酒等放逸之因。诸比丘,女人便是如此具足戒行。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca , bhikkhave, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti…pe… surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo sīlasampanno hoti.
诸比丘,女人怎样才算是具足布施呢?在此,女人以离垢、离悭吝的心住于家中……乃至……诸比丘,女人便是如此具足布施。显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvasati…pe… evaṃ kho , bhikkhave, mātugāmo cāgasampanno hoti.
“诸比丘,女人怎样才算是具足智慧呢?在此,女人具足智慧……乃至……诸比丘,女人便是如此具足智慧。诸比丘,成就这四种法的女人,即是行道于他世的胜利,他世已然确立。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, mātugāmo paññavā hoti…pe… evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, mātugāmo paññāsampanno hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, catūhi dhammehi samannāgato mātugāmo paralokavijayāya paṭipanno hoti, paraloko āraddho hotī’’ti.
善能治理种种事务,摄受眷属,
行令丈夫欢喜之事,守护所积之财,
具足信与戒,慷慨而无悭吝,
常清净其道,得来世安稳。
如是八法,若女人具足,
人们也称她为具戒者、住于法者、说真实语者。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Susaṃvihitakammantā, saṅgahitaparijjanā; Bhattu manāpaṃ carati, sambhataṃ anurakkhati. ‘‘Saddhā sīlena sampannā, vadaññū vītamaccharā; Niccaṃ maggaṃ visodheti, sotthānaṃ samparāyikaṃ. ‘‘Iccete aṭṭha dhammā ca, yassā vijjanti nāriyā; Tampi sīlavatiṃ āhu, dhammaṭṭhaṃ saccavādiniṃ. ‘‘Soḷasākārasampannā, aṭṭhaṅgasusamāgatā;
如此具戒的近事女,往生可意天界。」第十经。显示巴利原文
Tādisī sīlavatī upāsikā, upapajjati devalokaṃ manāpa’’nti. dasamaṃ;
布萨品第五。显示巴利原文
Uposathavaggo pañcamo.
略说、广说、毗舍佉,婆悉咤,觉支第五;显示巴利原文
Saṃkhitte vitthate visākhe, vāseṭṭho bojjhāya pañcamaṃ;
Anuruddhaṃ puna visākhe, nakulā idhalokikā dveti.
第二 五十经篇显示巴利原文
2. Dutiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ