制立段的注释
Paññattivāravaṇṇanā
1世尊具备清净附随、以戒蕴等法蕴为整体,在律藏教法中,于诸犍度之后即为《附随》;现在,我要对这部已收入结集的律典中尚未显明的含义加以注释——应当这样连接文意。
1. Visuddhaparivārassa sīlakkhandhādidhammakkhandhasarīrassa bhagavato vinayapariyattisāsane khandhakānaṃ anantaraṃ parivāroti yo vinayo saṅgahaṃ samāruḷho, tassa dāni anuttānatthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāmīti yojanā.
“以遍眼”:就是以一切知智。“以极其清净的肉眼”:因为昼夜不断、在周围一由旬的范围内,连极微细的色境也能看见,所以是极其清净的净色眼。在“那里有施设吗”这类句子中,应当理解为“那里究竟有没有施设”等意思,因此说“那里的施设……中间省略……‘由谁带来’的提问”。
Samantacakkhunāti sabbaññutaññāṇena. Ativisuddhena maṃsacakkhunāti rattindivaṃ samantā yojanappamāṇe atisukhumānipi rūpāni passanato ativiya parisuddhena pasādacakkhunā. ‘‘Atthi tattha paññattī’’tiādīsu atthi nu kho tattha paññattītiādinā attho gahetabboti āha ‘‘tattha paññatti…pe… kenābhatanti pucchā’’ti.
2“问答”指的是对提问的回答。“调伏论”指的是以调伏之事为内容的论述,或者这也是一种读法。
2.Pucchāvissajjaneti pucchāya vissajjane. Vinītakathāti vinītavatthukathā, ayameva vā pāṭho.
“以两支构成的一种生起”:也就是以两支的和合为体的一种生起。虽然离开两支就没有生起,但为了说明缺少其中任何一支,这个罪就不成立,才说“以一种生起”。现在为了指出这两支中哪一支是主要的,就说“在这里,心是支”等等。因为,被称为道与非道修习的身表,只有在依靠行淫心才能生起的情况下,世尊才依据这两支安立罪的假名,否则不会安立。所以,那个心是名为身表之身的支,是它的因,而不是罪的因;由那个心生起的身才是罪的支,是直接的因。心则是因之因——这是其中的意趣。同样,在上面一切与心支相应的生起中,也应当这样理解意趣。通过“以一种生起而生起”等《附随》中的说法,在巴利和注疏中,罪的不善等胜义自性只是以方便的方式被指出,由此可以成立罪只具有假名自性——应当知道,这是为了成立由生起与所生起之差别而来的义理。针对此义:就是针对“已犯巴拉基格罪的人,无论用什么调伏方式,都不可能使他回到无犯的状态”这种不可能之义。
Dvaṅgikena ekena samuṭṭhānenāti aṅgadvayasamudāyabhūtena ekena. Aṅgadvayavimuttassa samuṭṭhānassa abhāvepi tesu ekenaṅgena vinā ayaṃ āpatti na hotīti dassanatthameva ‘‘ekena samuṭṭhānenā’’ti vuttaṃ. Idāni tesu dvīsu aṅgesu padhānaṅgaṃ dassetumāha ‘‘ettha hi cittaṃ aṅgaṃ hotī’’tiādi. Yasmā pana maggenamaggappaṭipattisaṅkhātāya kāyaviññattiyā sevanacitteneva sambhave sati ayaṃ taṃ aṅgadvayaṃ upādāya bhagavatā paññattā āpattisammuti hoti, nāsati. Tasmā taṃ cittaṃ kāyaviññattisaṅkhātassa kāyassa aṅgaṃ kāraṇaṃ hoti, na āpattiyā. Tassa pana taṃsamuṭṭhitakāyo eva aṅgaṃ abyavahitakāraṇaṃ, cittaṃ pana kāraṇakāraṇanti adhippāyo. Evaṃ uparipi sabbattha cittaṅgayuttasamuṭṭhānesu adhippāyo veditabbo. ‘‘Ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhātī’’tiādiparivāravacaneneva āpattiyā akusalādiparamatthasabhāvatā pāḷiaṭṭhakathāsu pariyāyatova vuttā, sammutisabhāvā eva āpattīti sijjhati samuṭṭhānasamuṭṭhitānaṃ bhedasiddhitoti gahetabbaṃ. Imamatthaṃ sandhāyāti āpannāya pārājikāpattiyā kehicipi samathehi anāpattibhāvāpādanassa asakkuṇeyyattasaṅkhātamatthaṃ sandhāya.
3由古代的大长老们:是指在三次结集之后,把经典书写成册的结集者们——那些具足六神通、无碍解等功德、光辉显赫的大长老们。因为把经典书写成册的结集,确实与第四次结集相似。
3.Porāṇakehi mahātherehīti saṅgītittayato pacchā potthakasaṅgītikārakehi chaḷabhiññāpaasambhidādiguṇasamujjalehi mahātherehi. Catutthasaṅgītisadisā hi potthakārohasaṅgīti.
188在《大分别》中,也就是在比丘分别中。所谓“显示了十六分”,是说以那些最初的分作为标志,因此整部《附随》就被称为“十六附随”,他是针对这些分而说的。
188.Mahāvibhaṅgeti bhikkhuvibhaṅge. Soḷasa vārā dassitāti yehi vārehi ādibhūtehi upalakkhitattā ayaṃ sakalopi parivāro soḷasaparivāroti voharīyati, te sandhāya vadati.