8. 行仪犍度
8. Vattakkhandhako
客比丘行仪之论释
Āgantukavattakathāvaṇṇanā
357357. 在《行仪犍度》中,“应铺展”指应在阳光下铺展。律文中“应令顶礼”:意为通过询问雨安居,新戒比丘自行顶礼,此即所说之义。“应注视”:意为应观察。
357. Vattakkhandhake pattharitabbanti ātape pattharitabbaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ abhivādāpetabboti vandanatthāya vassaṃ pucchanena navako sayameva vandatīti vuttaṃ. Nilloketabboti oloketabbo.
住处比丘行仪之论释
Āvāsikavattakathāvaṇṇanā
359359. “依照分配”:意为不超越所指定的位置,将床、椅等拍打后铺展,并于其上铺设上层覆盖物——即便是布施之物,也属于铺设卧具。为显示此义,故说“拍打后铺展,此正是应作之事”。
359. ‘‘Yathābhāga’’nti ṭhapitaṭṭhānaṃ anatikkamitvā mañcapīṭhādiṃ papphoṭetvā pattharitvā upari paccattharaṇaṃ datvā dānampi senāsanapaññāpanamevāti dassento āha ‘‘papphoṭetvā hi pattharituṃ pana vaṭṭatiyevā’’ti.
随喜行仪之论释
Anumodanavattakathāvaṇṇanā
362第五“已坐下”:意指为随喜而坐下。“不成为大长老的负担”:意指等候随喜者并非负担。“应由被邀请者前来”:意指应由被自己邀请的比丘们在随喜之后方可就座。
362.Pañcame nisinneti anumodanatthāya nisinne. Na mahātherassa bhāro hotīti anumodakaṃ āgametuṃ na bhāro. Ajjhiṭṭhova āgametabboti attanā ajjhiṭṭhehi bhikkhūhi anumodanteyeva nisīditabbanti attho.
食堂行仪之论释
Bhattaggavattakathāvaṇṇanā
364“人们供食之处”:即在寺院内部,人们携带妻儿居住,并引领比丘前来应供之处。“有座位时”:意为有可坐之处时。“尊者,此座位高”:此语是针对设置于长老座位近旁、与长老座位等高的座位而说;若座位高于长老座位,即便请示后也不得就座。若该邻近座位低于长老座位,则无需请示亦得就座。“犯戒者为大长老”:意指以座位拒绝他人,即构成犯戒。“覆盖后”:意指将所披的僧伽梨覆盖其上,即不掀开之意。
364.Manussānaṃparivisanaṭṭhānanti yattha antovihārepi manussā saputtadārā āvasitvā bhikkhū netvā bhojenti. Āsanesu satīti nisīdanaṭṭhānesu santesu. Idaṃ, bhante, āsanaṃ uccanti āsanne samabhūmibhāge paññattaṃ therāsanena samakaṃ āsanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, therāsanato pana uccatare āpucchitvāpi nisīdituṃ na vaṭṭati. Yadi taṃ āsannampi nīcataraṃ hoti, anāpucchāpi nisīdituṃ vaṭṭati. Mahātherasseva āpattīti āsanena paṭibāhanāpattiyā āpatti. Avattharitvāti pārutasaṅghāṭiṃ avattharitvā, anukkhipitvāti attho.
律文中“以双手……乃至……应受取饭食”一语,是针对将钵置于手掌上、或置于篮背等不稳固的容器上受取饭食时,为防止钵倾倒而说。然而若容器安放牢固,将钵置于其上,以一手扶持而受取饭食,亦无不可。“以双手……乃至……应受取水”一句,也依同样道理。
Pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘ubhohi hatthehi…pe… odano paṭiggahetabbo’’ti idaṃ hatthatale vā pacchipiṭṭhiādidussaṇṭhitādhāre vā pattaṃ ṭhapetvā odanassa gahaṇakāle pattassa apatanatthāya vuttaṃ, susajjite pana ādhāre pattaṃ ṭhapetvā ekena hatthena taṃ parāmasitvāpi odanaṃ paṭiggahetuṃ vaṭṭati eva. Ubhohi hatthehi…pe… udakaṃ paṭiggahetabbanti etthāpi eseva nayo.
“洗手之水”:是指用餐结束时所用的水。因此说到“饮水后应洗手”。由此可知,所禁止的只是最后那次洗手,而在用餐中途,若为饮水等因缘洗手后再继续进食,则是允许的。然而,有些抄本中写作“饮水后不应洗手”,这便与前文不符——因为在结束时才将水称为“洗手之水”。而“若人们说:尊者,请洗”等语句,是针对已经用完餐、仍然坐着的长老而言。“门旁”:即靠近门的地方。
Hatthadhovanaudakanti bhojanāvasāne udakaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘pānīyaṃ pivitvā hatthā dhovitabbā’’ti. Tena pariyosāne dhovanameva paṭikkhittaṃ, bhojanantare pana pānīyapivanādinā nayena hatthaṃ dhovitvā puna bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭatīti dasseti. Potthakesu pana ‘‘pānīyaṃ pivitvā hatthā na dhovitabbā’’ti likhanti, taṃ purimavacanena na sameti pariyosāne udakasseva ‘‘hatthadhovanaudaka’’nti vuttattā. Sace manussā dhovatha, bhantetiādi niṭṭhitabhattaṃ nisinnaṃ theraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Dhure dvārasamīpe.
乞食行仪等之论释
Piṇḍacārikavattakathādivaṇṇanā
366366. 律文中“令其站立”一语,意指“尊者,请您站着”之说。
366. Pāḷiyaṃ ṭhāpeti vāti tiṭṭha bhanteti vadanti.
367367. “尊者,有星宿之句”:意为与星宿相关的语句已明了,意思是:你们知道阿沙由基等星宿吗?正因如此,才说“朋友,我们不知道”。“尊者,有方位之分”:此处也依同样的方式理解。“尊者,今日与何者相应”:意思是月亮与哪颗星宿相合?
367.Atthi, bhante, nakkhattapadānīti nakkhattapadavisayāni ñātāni atthi, assayujādinakkhattaṃ jānāthāti adhippāyo. Tenāha ‘‘na jānāma, āvuso’’ti. Atthi, bhante , disābhāganti etthāpi eseva nayo. Kenajja, bhante, yuttanti kena nakkhattena cando yuttoti attho.
369“于露天处”意指在室外空地。“应如此修行”此句表明:对于传授教诫等事宜,应当先作请示。
369.Aṅgaṇeti abbhokāse. Evameva paṭipajjitabbanti uddesadānādi āpucchitabbanti dasseti.
374“为了持续前往”意指为了自己不间断地前往。“已被污染”此处因“hada”词根具有排泄粪便之义,故说“外面沾满了粪便”。
374.Nibaddhagamanatthāyāti attanova nirantaragamanatthāya. Ūhaditāti ettha hada-dhātussa vaccavissajjanatthatāyāha ‘‘bahi vaccamakkhitā’’ti.