第十四章 三十偈品显示巴利原文
14. Tiṃsanipāto
1. 苏跋·耆婆芒果园长老尼偈颂注释显示巴利原文
1. Subhājīvakambavanikātherīgāthāvaṇṇanā
在《三十偈品》中,以“可爱的耆婆芒果园……”等偈颂开篇的部分,是住在耆婆芒果园的苏跋长老尼的偈颂。她也在过去诸佛时累积了功德,于轮回各处生命里积聚导向解脱的善法,培植善根,次第圆满出离资粮,智慧成熟之后,在此佛出世时,投生于王舍城的婆罗门大富长者家,取名苏跋。据说她身体各部具足美妙容色,因此得名“苏跋”(妙色),名副其实。她于世尊进入王舍城时生起信心,成为近事女。后来,她对轮回生起悚惧,见到欲乐的过患,并观察到唯有出离才是安稳,便从摩诃波阇波提·果德弥处出家,修习观禅,仅数日后,便安住于不还果。显示巴利原文
Tiṃsanipāte jīvakambavanaṃ rammantiādikā subhāya jīvakambavanikāya theriyā gāthā. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikārā tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinantī, sambhāvitakusalamūlā anukkamena paribrūhitavimokkhasambhārā paripakkañāṇā hutvā, imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbatti, subhātissā nāmamahosi. Tassā kira sarīrāvayavā sobhanavaṇṇayuttā ahesuṃ, tasmā subhāti anvatthameva nāmaṃ jātaṃ. Sā satthu rājagahappavesane paṭiladdhasaddhā upāsikā hutvā aparabhāge saṃsāre jātasaṃvegā kāmesu ādīnavaṃ disvā nekkhammañca khemato sallakkhantī mahāpajāpatiyā gotamiyā santike pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karontī katipāheneva anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhāsi.
后来有一天,王舍城一个浪荡青年,正值青春初期,在耆婆芒果园看见她正前往日中休息之处,便心生爱着,挡住去路,以欲乐引诱她。长老尼便以种种方式为他说法,开示欲乐的过患与自身乐于出离的志向。那青年听了法语,仍不肯退转,一味纠缠。长老尼见他固执己见,又见他对自己眼睛生起贪染,心想:“就让你见识一下你所认为美妙的眼睛吧!”于是将自己的一只眼睛挖出,递给那青年。那青年顿时心生畏惧与悚惧,当下离欲,向长老尼忏悔求恕后离去。长老尼便前往世尊的住处。当她一见世尊,眼睛即恢复如初。此时她为对佛陀的喜悦所充满,持续遍身感受这种喜悦,便站立在那里。世尊了知她的心意,为她说法,并为令她证得最上道而开示业处。她镇伏喜悦,观智即刻增长,于是连同无碍解,证得阿拉汉果。显示巴利原文
Atha naṃ ekadivasaṃ aññataro rājagahavāsī dhuttapuriso taruṇo paṭhamayobbane ṭhito jīvakambavane divāvihārāya gacchantiṃ disvā paṭibaddhacitto hutvā maggaṃ ovaranto kāmehi nimantesi. Sā tassa nānappakārehi kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ attano ca nekkhammajjhāsayaṃ pavedentī dhammaṃ kathesi. So dhammakathaṃ sutvāpi na paṭikkamati, nibandhatiyeva. Therī naṃ attano vacane atiṭṭhantaṃ akkhimhi ca abhirattaṃ disvā, ‘‘handa, tayā sambhāvitaṃ akkhi’’nti attano ekaṃ akkhiṃ uppāṭetvā tassa upanesi. Tato so puriso santāso saṃvegajāto tattha vigatarāgova hutvā theriṃ khamāpetvā gato. Therī satthu santikaṃ agamāsi. Satthuno saha dassanenevassā akkhi paṭipākatikaṃ ahosi. Tato sā buddhagatāya pītiyā nirantaraṃ phuṭā hutvā aṭṭhāsi. Satthā tassā cittācāraṃ ñatvā dhammaṃ desetvā aggamaggatthāya kammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhi. Sā pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā tāvadeva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Arahattaṃ pana patvā phalasukhena nibbānasukhena viharantī attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā attanā tena ca dhuttapurisena vuttagāthā udānavasena –
她证得阿拉汉果后,便安住于果定之乐与涅槃之乐,回顾自己的修行经历,以优陀那(感兴偈)的形式,诵出了她与那浪荡青年所说的偈颂:
在宜人的耆婆芒果园中,比丘尼苏跋正漫步而行,有个无赖上前阻拦,苏跋便对他这样说道:
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Jīvakambavanaṃ rammaṃ, gacchantiṃ bhikkhuniṃ subhaṃ; Dhuttako sannivāresi, tamenaṃ abravī subhā.
‘‘Kiṃ te aparādhitaṃ mayā, yaṃ maṃ ovariyāna tiṭṭhasi; Na hi pabbajitāya āvuso, puriso samphusanāya kappati.
“在我导师严峻的教法中”,是说在我导师那重要而严格的教法里;“善逝所开示的修学”,即善逝所宣说的修学。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Garuke mama satthusāsane, yā sikkhā sugatena desitā; Parisuddhapadaṃ anaṅgaṇaṃ, kiṃ maṃ ovariyāna tiṭṭhasi.
心浊之人面对心净之人,有尘垢者面对离尘无秽者;
于一切处心已解脱,你为何拦我而立?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Āvilacitto anāvilaṃ, sarajo vītarajaṃ anaṅgaṇaṃ; Sabbattha vimuttamānasaṃ, kiṃ maṃ ovariyāna tiṭṭhasi.
脱下袈裟,来吧,让我们到繁花盛开的林中去寻欢作乐。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Daharā ca apāpikā casi, kiṃ te pabbajjā karissati; Nikkhipa kāsāyacīvaraṃ, ehi ramāma supupphite vane.
甜美的和风处处吹送,树木因花粉而显得挺拔;
初春是怡悦的季节,来吧,让我们在繁花盛开的树林中游乐。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Madhurañca pavanti sabbaso, kusumarajena samuṭṭhitā dumā; Paṭhamavasanto sukho utu, ehi ramāma supupphite vane.
树冠繁花盛开的树木,在狂风中摇曳,仿佛在怒吼;
你若独自一人走进林中,又怎能感到欢喜?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Kusumitasikharā ca pādapā, abhigajjantiva māluteritā; Kā tuyhaṃ rati bhavissati, yadi ekā vanamogahissasi.
那里猛兽群集,发情狂象扬起尘土四处弥漫;
你无同伴,却想独自前往那荒凉可怖的大森林。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Vāḷamigasaṅghasevitaṃ, kuñjaramattakareṇuloḷitaṃ; Asahāyikā gantumicchasi, rahitaṃ bhiṃsanakaṃ mahāvanaṃ.
你如黄金所塑的少女,像天女漫游于如意藤间;
你身着迦尸国所产精细柔美的衣料,身披妙衣,焕发着无与伦比的光彩。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Tapanīyakatāva dhītikā, vicarasi cittalateva accharā; Kāsikasukhumehi vaggubhi, sobhasī suvasanehi nūpame.
我愿意做你的涂香侍者,只要你愿与我一同在林间徜徉;
紧那罗眼眸的佳人,于我而言,确实再无比你更可爱的生命了。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Ahaṃ tava vasānugo siyaṃ, yadi viharemase kānanantare; Na hi matthi tayā piyattaro, pāṇo kinnarimandalocane.
“如果你听从我的话,便快乐地来吧,安住于家中;
住于避风的宫殿中,让侍女们服侍你。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yadi me vacanaṃ karissasi, sukhitā ehi agāramāvasa; Pāsādanivātavāsinī, parikammaṃ te karontu nāriyo.
穿上迦尸产的细软衣裳,再佩戴花鬘与妆饰;
我为你打造众多金、宝、珍珠所成的种种首饰。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Kāsikasukhumāni dhāraya, abhiropehi ca mālavaṇṇakaṃ; Kañcanamaṇimuttakaṃ bahuṃ, vividhaṃ ābharaṇaṃ karomi te.
清净的床榻铺着洗净的毛毯,上覆崭新的羊毛与丝棉混编褥垫;
登上那张珍贵的大床,它以栴檀装饰,散发心材之香。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Sudhotarajapacchadaṃ subhaṃ, gonakatūlikasanthataṃ navaṃ; Abhiruha sayanaṃ mahārahaṃ, candanamaṇḍitasāragandhikaṃ.
正如非人所栖止的青莲,从水中升起;
同样地,你这梵行女,也终将在自己的身上走向衰老。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Uppalaṃ cudakā samuggataṃ, yathā taṃ amanussasevitaṃ; Evaṃ tvaṃ brahmacārinī, sakesaṅgesu jaraṃ gamissasi.
在这充满腐尸、于坟场中增长的身体里,你以什么为真实?
在这注定坏灭的身躯中,你究竟看见了什么,而如此心神不宁地凝视?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Kiṃ te idha sārasammataṃ, kuṇapapūramhi susānavaḍḍhane; Bhedanadhamme kaḷevare, yaṃ disvā vimano udikkhasi.
你的双眼如乐器般美妙,亦如山间的紧那罗女;
见到你的双眼,我心中的欲乐愈发增长。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Akkhīni ca tūriyāriva, kinnariyāriva pabbatantare; Tava me nayanāni dakkhiya, bhiyyo kāmaratī pavaḍḍhati.
你的双目宛如青莲的花尖,生在那无垢如纯金般的面庞上;
得见你的这双明眸后,我于五欲的染着便愈发增长。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Uppalasikharopamāni te, vimale hāṭakasannibhe mukhe; Tava me nayanāni dakkhiya, bhiyyo kāmaguṇo pavaḍḍhati.
即使你远行他方,我们也会忆念你——睫毛修长、容颜明净的你。
因为再没有比你更亲爱的人了,你的眼睛啊,就像那紧那罗女圆润的眼眸。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Api dūragatā saramhase, āyatapamhe visuddhadassane; Na hi matthi tayā piyattaro, nayanā kinnarimandalocane.
你想走上非道之路,去寻找那嬉戏般的月天子;
你想飞越须弥山,你这追寻佛子的人啊。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Apathena payātumicchasi, candaṃ kīḷanakaṃ gavesasi; Meruṃ laṅghetumicchasi, yo tvaṃ buddhasutaṃ maggayasi.
在这包含天神的世间中,于我而言,贪欲如今已无处可存。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Natthi hi loke sadevake, rāgo yatthapi dāni me siyā; Napi naṃ jānāmi kīriso, atha maggena hato samūlako.
「像被丢弃的火炭坑」:犹如被丢弃的、满是火炭的坑;「像从火中取出的毒叶」:又如一片从火中取出的毒叶,已不再起作用。
「我也看不见它是什么样子」:现在我已看不出那种贪的任何模样;「然而它已被道从根断除」:但它已被圣道从根彻底铲除。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Iṅgālakuyāva ujjhito, visapattoriva aggito kato; Napi naṃ passāmi kīriso, atha maggena hato samūlako.
所谓“未省察”,是指未从无常等角度加以观察;所谓“或未曾亲近导师”,是指未曾亲近像佛陀这样的导师。对于这样的女子,“你可以去诱惑那样的人”,即你应去引诱此类无知之人;至于“对于已了知的她,你如此自寻烦恼”,是指面对这位早已洞彻真相的她,你这样做只是白白让自己受苦,徒增困扰。显示巴利原文
‘‘Yassā siyā apaccavekkhitaṃ, satthā vā anupāsito siyā;
你去诱惑那样的人吧,对于已了知的她,你如此自寻烦恼。
显示巴利原文 Tvaṃ tādisikaṃ palobhaya, jānantiṃ so imaṃ vihaññasi.
「因为于我,在骂与赞」:在这被骂和被赞的双重情境中;「苦与乐中」:以及在苦与乐这两种感受里;「念已现前住立」:正念已经安住现前,清楚地安立起来了。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Mayhañhi akkuṭṭhavandite, sukhadukkhe ca satī upaṭṭhitā; Saṅkhatamasubhanti jāniya, sabbattheva mano na limpati.
‘‘Sāhaṃ sugatassa sāvikā, maggaṭṭhaṅgikayānayāyinī; Uddhaṭasallā anāsavā, suññāgāragatā ramāmahaṃ.
‘‘Diṭṭhā hi mayā sucittitā, sombhā dārukapillakāni vā; Tantīhi ca khīlakehi ca, vinibaddhā vividhaṃ panaccakā.
当它被撕成碎片时,又如何能找到呢?心又该安立于何处?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Tamhuddhaṭe tantikhīlake, vissaṭṭhe vikale parikrite; Na vindeyya khaṇḍaso kate, kimhi tattha manaṃ nivesaye.
同样地,我身中诸分,若无彼法,便不得运作;
若无彼法,便不得运作,心复何所安立?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Tathūpamā dehakāni maṃ, tehi dhammehi vinā na vattanti; Dhammehi vinā na vattati, kimhi tattha manaṃ nivesaye.
犹如我看到墙上以雌黄绘成的图画;
对于那幅画,你那颠倒的见解、人间的想,毫无意义。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yathā haritālena makkhitaṃ, addasa cittikaṃ bhittiyā kataṃ; Tamhi te viparītadassanaṃ, saññā mānusikā niratthikā.
就像「幻术所造的火」——魔术师制造出来的火焰一样虚幻,就像「梦尽头的金钱树」——梦境结束时的金钱树一样虚妄;
你靠近那空洞的盲者,犹如在人群中靠近一尊银像。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Māyaṃ viya aggato kataṃ, supinanteva suvaṇṇapādapaṃ; Upagacchasi andha rittakaṃ, janamajjheriva rupparūpakaṃ.
‘‘Vaṭṭaniriva koṭarohitā, majjhe pubbuḷakā saassukā; Pīḷakoḷikā cettha jāyati, vividhā cakkhuvidhā ca piṇḍitā.
拔除了“美丽之眼”,它便不再闪耀,而心意亦无执著。
“来,你的眼睛拿去吧!”他立刻便将眼睛交给了那人。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Uppāṭiya cārudassanā, na ca pajjittha asaṅgamānasā; Handa te cakkhuṃ harassu taṃ, tassa narassa adāsi tāvade.
‘‘Tassa ca viramāsi tāvade, rāgo tattha khamāpayī ca naṃ; Sotthi siyā brahmacārinī, na puno edisakaṃ bhavissati.
亲近此人,犹如拥抱燃烧的火焰;
如同执持毒蛇,何来平安?请宽恕我们。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Āsādiya edisaṃ janaṃ, aggiṃ pajjalitaṃva liṅgiya; Gaṇhiya āsīvisaṃ viya, api nu sotthi siyā khamehi no.
那位比丘尼从那里解脱后,便去到胜者佛陀的近前;
她得见殊胜的福德相,眼睛便恢复如初。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Muttā ca tato sā bhikkhunī, agamī buddhavarassa santikaṃ; Passiya varapuññalakkhaṇaṃ, cakkhu āsi yathā purāṇaka’’nti. –
她诵出了这些偈颂。显示巴利原文
Imā gāthā paccudāhāsi.
其中,「耆婆芒果园」即儿科医师耆婆的芒果园。「令人愉悦的」意为可意欢喜。据说,那片芒果园因地段殊胜、树荫与水俱足,兼之树木栽种得宜,故极为悦意可人。「去」,指她正朝芒果园前往,为作日间住而趋近。「须跋」是她的名字。「浪荡子」,指贪染女色之人。相传他是王舍城一位大富金匠之子,年轻俊美,耽著女色,惯于游荡。他在路上见到她,心生爱慕,便拦住去路。故说「浪荡子阻拦了」,意即他阻碍我前行。「须跋比丘尼对他说」:即须跋比丘尼对那阻拦而站定的浪荡子说话。此处「对正前去的须跋比丘尼,须跋说」这一句,是那位长老尼以第三人称指代自己。为了显示长老尼所说偈颂的义理连贯,结集者诵出了这一偈颂。显示巴利原文
Tattha jīvakambavananti jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavanaṃ. Rammanti ramaṇīyaṃ. Taṃ kira bhūmibhāgasampattiyā chāyūdakasampattiyā ca rukkhānaṃ ropitākārena ativiya manuññaṃ manoramaṃ. Gacchantinti ambavanaṃ uddissa gataṃ, divāvihārāya upagacchantiṃ. Subhanti evaṃnāmikaṃ. Dhuttakoti itthidhutto. Rājagahavāsī kireko mahāvibhavassa suvaṇṇakārassa putto yuvā abhirūpo itthidhutto puriso matto vicarati. So taṃ paṭipathe disvā paṭibaddhacitto maggaṃ uparundhitvā aṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘dhuttako sannivāresī’’ti, mama gamanaṃ nisedhesīti attho. Tamenaṃ abravī subhāti tamenaṃ nivāretvā ṭhitaṃ dhuttaṃ subhā bhikkhunī kathesi. Ettha ca ‘‘gacchantiṃ bhikkhuniṃ subhaṃ, abravi subhā’’ti ca attānameva therī aññaṃ viya katvā vadati. Theriyā vuttagāthānaṃ sambandhadassanavasena saṅgītikārehi ayaṃ gāthā vuttā.
说完「须跋说」后,为显示她所言之内容,接着便说「我于你有何冒犯」等语。其中,「我于你有何冒犯」意为:贤友,我哪里得罪了你?「你竟阻拦我站着」,意指:你何故以如此过错,对我这正行路者加以阻拦、不令前行,而站在此处?我实无任何过失。接着,为了指出“若仅因视作女人而如此行事,亦不合理”,她便说:「贤友!比丘尼者,男子不应为触而相就。」意思是:朋友金匠之子,纵依世间规矩,男子亦不应为触而接触比丘尼;于比丘尼,莫说是男子,即使畜生道中的雄性也绝不可为触而亲近她。且不论男子直接的接触,即便出于满足欲贪而犯舍堕罪之男子,去触摸所应舍之物,也断然不被允许。显示巴利原文
‘‘Abravī subhā’’ti vatvā tassā vuttākāradassanatthaṃ āha ‘‘kiṃ te aparādhita’’ntiādi. Tattha kiṃ te aparādhitaṃ mayāti kiṃ tuyhaṃ, āvuso, mayā aparaddhaṃ. Yaṃ maṃ ovariyāna tiṭṭhasīti yena aparādhena maṃ gacchantiṃ ovaritvā gamanaṃ nisedhetvā tiṭṭhasi, so natthevāti adhippāyo. Atha itthītisaññāya evaṃ paṭipajjasi, evampi na yuttanti dassentī āha – ‘‘na hi pabbajitāya, āvuso, puriso samphusanāya kappatī’’ti, āvuso suvaṇṇakāraputta , lokiyacārittenapi purisassa pabbajitānaṃ samphusanāya na kappati, pabbajitāya pana puriso tiracchānagatopi samphusanāya na kappati, tiṭṭhatu tāva purisaphusanā, rāgavasenassā nissaggiyena purisassa nissaggiyassāpi phusanā na kappateva.
因此,她接着说:「在我的大师教法中,有重大(之学处)」等语。其意为:在我的大师教法中,有着如同石伞一般应受极大敬重的、为比丘尼而由善逝、正自觉者所宣说与制定的学处。依这些学处,我已具足清净、成就清净之善法,因全无贪等垢秽,故为无垢无瑕。如是之我,你因何故而阻拦,使我站住不能前行呢?显示巴利原文
Tenāha ‘‘garuke mama satthusāsane’’tiādi. Tassattho – garuke pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya garukātabbe mayhaṃ satthu sāsane yā sikkhā bhikkhuniyo uddissa sugatena sammāsambuddhena desitā paññattā. Tāhi parisuddhapadaṃ parisuddhakusalakoṭṭhāsaṃ, rāgādiaṅgaṇānaṃ sabbaso abhāvena anaṅgaṇaṃ, evaṃbhūtaṃ maṃ gacchantiṃ kena kāraṇena āvaritvā tiṭṭhasīti.
「浊心」:由于能令心混浊的欲寻等,你的心是混浊的;而你没有那些,所以心不混浊。你又因贪等尘垢而成为有尘、有垢者;而我没有那些,所以是离尘、无垢,于一切五蕴以断除的解脱而心解脱。你为何站在这里阻拦我?显示巴利原文
Āvilacittoti cittassa āvilabhāvakarānaṃ kāmavitakkādīnaṃ vasena āvilacitto, tvaṃ tadabhāvato anāvilaṃ, rāgarajādīnaṃ vasena sarajo, sāṅgaṇo tadabhāvato vītarajaṃ anaṅgaṇaṃ sabbattha khandhapañcake samucchedavimuttiyā vimuttamānasaṃ, maṃ kasmā ovaritvā tiṭṭhasīti?
长老尼这样说后,那浪荡子为表明自己的心意,诵出以「年轻且……」开头的十首偈颂。其中,「年轻」指正值青春初期的年少。「且非不美」:你容貌端正,拥有极好的相貌。「你的出家有何用」:像你这样正值青春年少、相貌美丽的人,出家有何用处呢?他的意思是,应当等到年老色衰时再出家。「丢弃吧」是扔掉的意思。或读作「除去」,即除去、丢掉。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ theriyā vutte dhuttako attano adhippāyaṃ vibhāvento ‘‘daharā cā’’tiādinā dasa gāthā abhāsi. Tattha daharāti taruṇī paṭhame yobbane ṭhitā. Apāpikā casīti rūpena alāmikā ca asi , uttamarūpadharā cāhosīti adhippāyo. Kiṃ te pabbajjā karissatīti tuyhaṃ evaṃ paṭhamavaye ṭhitāya rūpasampannāya pabbajjā kiṃ karissati, vuḍḍhāya bībhaccharūpāya vā pabbajitabbanti adhippāyena vadati. Nikkhipāti chaḍḍehi. ‘‘Ukkhipā’’ti vā pāṭho, apanehīti attho.
「甘甜」意为美好、芬芳。「吹送」指吹拂。「遍一切处」即到处。「诸树由花粉而耸立」:这些树木被微风轻拂,扬起细如粉末的花粉,仿佛树木从自己的花粉中耸立起来,向四周散发芳香。「初春是乐季」:这第一春季,即带来快乐触感的时节正在流转。显示巴利原文
Madhuranti subhaṃ, sugandhanti attho. Pavantīti vāyanti. Sabbasoti samantato. Kusumarajena samuṭṭhitā dumāti ime rukkhā mandavātena samuṭṭhahamānakusumareṇujātena attano kusumarajena sayaṃ samuṭṭhitā viya hutvā samantato surabhī vāyanti. Paṭhamavasanto sukhoutūti ayaṃ paṭhamo vasantamāso sukhasamphasso ca utu vattatīti attho.
“花满巅顶”:指树冠盛开着花朵。“随风摇曳犹如吼叫”:被风吹动时,如同在吼叫、咆哮一般矗立。“如果你单独走进林中”:如果你独自走进森林,那里又有什么快乐可言呢?说话者由于自身耽着欲乐,才这样说。显示巴利原文
Kusumitasikharāti supupphitaggā. Abhigajjantiva māluteritāti vātena sañcalitā abhigajjantiva abhitthanitā viya tiṭṭhanti. Yadi ekā vanamogahissasīti sace tvaṃ ekikā vanamogāhissasi, kā nāma te tattha rati bhavissatīti attanā baddhasukhābhirattattā evamāha.
“被猛兽群所依处”:指狮子、虎等猛兽群处处依止的地方。“被醉象与象群搅乱”:由醉象和母象为了令其他动物惊恐,折断树木、灌丛的枝条而弄得乱七八糟的区域。虽然那时那座森林中并没有这些情形,但说话者为了吓唬她,故意说:“森林就是这样的。”“无人迹的”:寂无人迹,荒凉寂静。“可怖的”:令人生起怖畏。显示巴利原文
Vāḷamigasaṅghasevitanti sīhabyagghādivāḷamigasamūhehi tattha tattha upasevitaṃ. Kuñjaramattakareṇuloḷitanti mattakuñjarehi hatthinīhi ca migānaṃ cittatāpanena rukkhagacchādīnaṃ sākhābhañjanena ca āloḷitapadesaṃ. Kiñcāpi tasmiṃ vane īdisaṃ tadā natthi, vanaṃ nāma evarūpanti taṃ bhiṃsāpetukāmo evamāha. Rahitanti janarahitaṃ vijanaṃ. Bhiṃsanakanti bhayajanakaṃ.
“如金制玩偶般”:你就像用赤金打造的玩偶,又像由技艺精湛的机关师通过机关组合起来的金像一样活动,此刻正来回走动。“如思惟蔓园中的天女”:犹如在名为“思惟蔓”的园中的天女。“以迦尸细软布”:穿着迦尸国所产、极为细软的布料。“美丽可爱的”:柔软、光滑而可爱。“你衣着华丽,闪耀无比”:你穿着下裳与上衣,无与伦比;如今你跟随我,显得如此闪耀——他将自己尚未实现的愿望,说成仿佛已经发生了一样。显示巴利原文
Tapanīyakatāva dhītikāti rattasuvaṇṇena vicaritā dhītalikā viya sukusalena yantācariyena yantayogavasena sajjitā suvaṇṇapaṭimā viya vicarasi, idāneva ito cito ca sañcarasi. Cittalateva accharāti cittalatānāmake uyyāne devaccharā viya. Kāsikasukhumehīti kāsiraṭṭhe uppannehi ativiya sukhumehi. Vaggubhīti siniddhamaṭṭhehi. Sobhasī suvasanehi nūpameti nivāsanapārupanavatthehi anupame upamārahite tvaṃ idāni me vasānugo sobhasīti bhāvinaṃ attano adhippāyavasena ekantikaṃ vattamānaṃ viya katvā vadati.
「我当随你而住」:我也可成为你的随从,听从你的差遣。「若我们共住林中」:若我们二人共住森林深处,一道生活,欢喜而住。「因无有比你更可爱者」:这便说明了他甘愿随从的原因。「有情」:指任何其他的众生,于我而言,没有比你更可爱的了。或者,「命」指自己的生命,意谓我的生命也不及你可爱。「紧那罗女般的眼」:像紧那罗女一样圆润广大之眼。显示巴利原文
Ahaṃ tava vasānugo siyanti ahampi tuyhaṃ vasānugo kiṃkārapaṭissāvī bhaveyyaṃ. Yadi viharemase kānanantareti yadi mayaṃ ubhopi vanantare saha vasāma ramāma. Na hi matthi tayā piyattaroti vasānugabhāvassa kāraṇamāha. Pāṇoti satto, añño kocipi satto tayā piyataro mayhaṃ na hi atthīti attho. Atha vā pāṇoti attano jīvitaṃ sandhāya vadati, mayhaṃ jīvitaṃ tayā piyataraṃ na hi atthīti attho. Kinnarimandalocaneti kinnariyā viya mandaputhuvilocane.
「你若听我言,快乐地来住在家」:你若听从我的话,便舍弃独坐、独卧的梵行之苦,来吧,享受欲乐之乐,快乐地居家而住。有人读作“快乐地住家者”,意谓她将会快乐,并安住于家中。「住于无风高楼的女子」:指住在无风吹拂的高楼中的女子。或读作“住宫殿般高楼者”,意为居于如天宫般的高楼里。「服务」:指承事、服侍。显示巴利原文
Yadi me vacanaṃ karissasi, sukhitā ehi agāramāvasāti sace tvaṃ mama vacanaṃ karissasi, ekāsanaṃ ekaseyyaṃ brahmacariyadukkhaṃ pahāya ehi kāmabhogehi sukhitā hutvā agāraṃ ajjhāvasa. ‘‘Sukhitā heti agāramāvasantī’’ti keci paṭhanti, tesaṃ sukhitā bhavissati, agāraṃ ajjhāvasantīti attho. Pāsādanivātavāsinīti nivātesu pāsādesu vāsinī. ‘‘Pāsādavimānavāsinī’’ti ca pāṭho, vimānasadisesu pāsādesu vāsinīti attho. Parikammanti veyyāvaccaṃ.
「穿着」:穿上下裳与上衣。「戴上」:以饰品严身,即好好地妆扮。「花鬘与颜料」:指花鬘与涂香。「金、摩尼与珍珠」:由金、摩尼与珍珠制成,即以金、摩尼、珍珠镶饰之物。「众多的」:如手饰等,种类繁多。「种种的」:因制作工艺不同而各式各样。显示巴利原文
Dhārayāti paridaha, nivāsehi ceva uttariyañca karohi. Abhiropehīti maṇḍanavibhūsanavasena vā sarīraṃ āropaya, alaṅkarohīti attho. Mālavaṇṇakanti mālañceva gandhavilepanañca. Kañcanamaṇimuttakanti kañcanena maṇimuttāhi ca yuttaṃ, suvaṇṇamayamaṇimuttāhi khacitanti attho. Bahunti hatthūpagādibhedato bahuppakāraṃ. Vividhanti karaṇavikatiyā nānāvidhaṃ.
“善洗的上覆”:因清洗洁净而除去尘垢的上覆。“美丽”:美好。“铺有长毛毯与棉垫”:铺着长毛的黑毡,以及填满天鹅绒毛等的棉垫。“新”:崭新。“贵重”:价昂。“栴檀严饰、心香芬馥”:以牛头栴檀等心材严饰,散发芬芳。这样的床座,你登上之后,便可随意躺卧或安坐。显示巴利原文
Sudhotarajapacchadanti sudhotatāya pavāhitarajaṃ uttaracchadaṃ. Subhanti sobhanaṃ. Gonakatūlikasanthatanti dīghalomakāḷakojavena ceva haṃsalomādipuṇṇāya tūlikāya ca santhataṃ. Navanti abhinavaṃ. Mahārahanti mahagghaṃ. Candanamaṇḍitasāragandhikanti gosīsakādisāracandanena maṇḍitatāya surabhigandhikaṃ, evarūpaṃ sayanamāruha, taṃ āruhitvā yathāsukhaṃ sayāhi ceva nisīda cāti attho.
“青莲从水升起”:指从水中升起、挺出、高出而盛开的青莲花。“就像非人享用”:由于它生在罗刹所占有的池塘,故只有非人享用,不曾有人受用。“因此,你是梵行者”:正如那盛开的青莲花,你是梵行者。你身体各部分既不被任何人受用,便将徒然衰老、虚度光阴。显示巴利原文
Uppalaṃ cudakā samuggatanti ca-kāro nipātamattaṃ, udakato uggataṃ uṭṭhitaṃ accuggamma ṭhitaṃ suphullamuppalaṃ. Yathā taṃ amanussasevitanti tañca rakkhasapariggahitāya pokkharaṇiyā jātattā nimmanussehi sevitaṃ kenaci aparibhuttameva bhaveyya. Evaṃ tvaṃ brahmacārinīti evameva taṃ suṭṭhu phullamuppalaṃ viya tuvaṃ brahmacārinī. Sakesaṅgesu attano sarīrāvayavesu kenaci aparibhuttesuyeva jaraṃ gamissasi, mudhāyeva jarājiṇṇā bhavissasi.
当那浪子这样表露了自己的意图后,长老尼便揭示身体的真实本性以断除他的执取,说了“kiṃ te idha”(你于此……)的偈颂。其意为:贤友,金匠之子,在此充满发毛等腐尸、必定坏灭、如同坟场中生长物的不净秽聚——这称为“身”的东西里,你以什么为我之精髓而心生珍视?是见到它后心便散乱于所缘、失却正念,还是正是在此处心不散乱、满怀喜悦地凝视?请告诉我。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ dhuttakena attano adhippāye pakāsite therī sarīrasabhāvavibhāvanena taṃ tattha vicchindentī ‘‘kiṃ te idhā’’ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – āvuso suvaṇṇakāraputta, kesādikuṇapapūre ekantena bhedanadhamme susānavaḍḍhane, idha imasmiṃ kāyasaññite asucikaḷevare kiṃ nāma tava sāranti sammataṃ sambhāvitaṃ, yaṃ disvā vimano aññatarasmiṃ ārammaṇe vigatamanasaṅkappo, ettheva vā avimano somanassiko hutvā udikkhasi, taṃ mayhaṃ kathehīti.
听了这话,浪子虽然明知她的容貌是因娇媚而显得庄严,但自从第一眼见到时起,他的心便被她的目光所牵,于是便针对这一处,说出了「你的眼如……」等语。诚然,这位长老尼因极善自制,诸根寂静,她的目光投注之间,有着坚固、清净、明澈、柔和、寂静的相貌。这相貌由业力所感得,为信等五根所庄严,从中自然流露出光辉与巧慧。而这浪子自己却被行相、姿态、优美等妄想所欺诳,因此他的眼贪便格外增长广大。其中,「akkhīni ca tūriyārivā」(你的眼如同鹿儿般):「tūri」指母鹿,「ca」是语助词,意谓你的眼睛就如小鹿的眼睛。也有读作「koriyārivā」的,即指用鹤嘴锄的母鸡。「Kinnariyāriva pabbatantare」(如山间紧那罗女):如同游于山间的紧那罗女的眼睛。「Tava me nayanāni dakkhiyā」(见你的眼):见到你这具足如上殊胜功德的眼睛后,我对欲乐的欢喜便不断地增长。显示巴利原文
Taṃ sutvā dhuttako kiñcāpi tassā rūpaṃ cāturiyasobhitaṃ, paṭhamadassanato pana paṭṭhāya yasmiṃ diṭṭhipāte paṭibaddhacitto, tameva apadisanto ‘‘akkhīni ca tūriyārivā’’tiādimāha. Kāmañcāyaṃ therī suṭṭhu saṃyatatāya santindriyā, tāya thiravippasannasommasantanayananipātesu kammānubhāvanipphannesu pasannapañcappasādapaṭimaṇḍitesu nayanesu labbhamāne pabhāvisiṭṭhacāturiye diṭṭhipāte, yasmā sayaṃ caritahāvabhāvavilāsādiparikappavañcito so dhutto jāto, tasmāssa diṭṭhirāgo savisesaṃ vepullaṃ agamāsi. Tattha akkhīni ca tūriyārivāti tūri vuccati migī, ca-saddo nipātamattaṃ, migacchāpāya viya te akkhīnīti attho. ‘‘Koriyārivā’’ti vā pāḷi, kuñcakārakukkuṭiyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kinnariyāriva pabbatantareti pabbatakucchiyaṃ vicaramānāya kinnarivanitāya viya ca te akkhīnīti attho. Tava me nayanāni dakkhiyāti tava vuttaguṇavisesāni nayanāni disvā, bhiyyo uparūpari me kāmābhirati pavaḍḍhati.
「Uppalasikharopamānite」(被譬喻为青莲花端的):意指你的睫毛,如同红莲花蕊的尖端。「Vimale」(无垢的):即无有瑕疵的。「Hāṭakasannibhe」(如金的):意指你的面容,如同金色之像的面容,见到你的眼睛——应如此连贯通达其义。显示巴利原文
Uppalasikharopamāniteti rattuppalaaggasadisāni pamhāni tava. Vimaleti nimmale. Hāṭakasannibheti kañcanarūpakassa mukhasadise te mukhe, nayanāni dakkhiyāti yojanā.
「Api dūragatā」(即使远行):即便去到了很远的地方。「Saramhase」(我忆念):心中不念其他,我只忆念你的眼睛。「Āyatapamhe」(长睫毛的):指生有长睫毛的。「Visuddhadassane」(清净眼的):指眼眸明澈无垢的。「Na hi matthi tayā piyattaro nayanā」(对我来说,没有比你的眼睛更可亲爱者):除了你的眼睛,这世上再没有其他令我更觉亲爱的人了。此处「tayā」是依主释(属格义)的工具格,即“你的”之义。显示巴利原文
Api dūragatāti dūraṃ ṭhānaṃ gatāpi. Saramhaseti aññaṃ kiñci acintetvā tava nayanāni eva anussarāmi. Āyatapamheti dīghapakhume. Visuddhadassaneti nimmalalocane. Na hi matthi tayā piyattaro nayanāti tava nayanato añño koci mayhaṃ piyataro natthi. Tayāti hi sāmiatthe eva karaṇavacanaṃ.
长老尼为扭转那个因眼目之美而迷醉、胡言乱语的男人心中所愿,宣说了以「apathena」(邪路)为首的十二首偈颂。其中,「apathena payātumicchasi」(你想走邪路)的意思是:朋友,金匠之子!世间尚有其他女子,你却来寻求我——听闻佛陀教法、世尊亲生的女儿。你放着安全平直的大道不走,偏要踏上布满荆棘、危险的小路,行此邪道;你想摘取月亮来嬉戏,想把月轮当作皮球;你想翻越那座高八万四千由旬的须弥山王,想跨到山的那一边去。你竟来追求我,佛陀的女儿。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ cakkhusampattiyā ummāditassa viya taṃ taṃ vippalapato tassa purisassa manorathaṃ viparivattentī therī ‘‘apathenā’’tiādinā dvādasa gāthā abhāsi. Tattha apathena payātumicchasīti, āvuso suvaṇṇakāraputta, sante aññasmiṃ itthijane yo tvaṃ buddhasutaṃ buddhassa bhagavato orasadhītaraṃ maṃ maggayasi patthesi, so tvaṃ sante kheme ujumagge apathena kaṇṭakanivutena sabhayena kummaggena payātumicchasi paṭipajjitukāmosi, candaṃ kīḷanakaṃ gavesasi candamaṇḍalaṃ kīḷāgoḷakaṃ kātukāmosi, meruṃ laṅghetumicchasi caturāsītiyojanasahassubbedhaṃ sinerupabbatarājaṃ laṅghayitvā aparabhāge ṭhātukāmosi, so tvaṃ maṃ buddhasutaṃ maggayasīti yojanā.
为了表明他的愿望超出自力所能及且会招致伤害,而说了「没有(natthi)」等话语。其中,「rāgo yatthapi dāni me siyā」(我如今哪里还会有贪欲):现在我哪里还会有贪欲、能在何处生起贪欲呢?那样的所缘在含天界的世间中根本不存在。「Napi naṃ jānāmi kīriso」(我也不知道它是什么样):我也不知道那贪欲是什么样子。接着,「Atha maggena hato samūlako」(已被道连根断除)——这里的「atha」仅是语气虚词。以不如理作意为根的贪欲,已被圣道断除、连根拔除。显示巴利原文
Idāni tassa attano avisayabhāvaṃ patthanāya ca vighātāvahataṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘natthī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha rāgo yatthapi dāni me siyāti yattha idāni me rāgo siyā bhaveyya, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ sadevake loke natthi eva. Napi naṃ jānāmi kīrisoti naṃ rāgaṃ kīrisotipi na jānāmi. Atha maggena hato samūlakoti athāti nipātamattaṃ. Ayonisomanasikārasaṅkhātena mūlena samūlako rāgo ariyamaggena hato samugghātito.
「Iṅgālakuyā」(炭坑):指炭火坑。「Ujjhito」(被抛弃):如同被风吹起的弃物,又像投入火中的薪柴。「Visapattori」(如同毒器):就像盛毒的容器。「Aggito kato」(从炭火中取出):指从炭火中取出、与之脱离;意指毒被彻底去除,不剩丝毫,完全消灭。显示巴利原文
Iṅgālakuyāti aṅgārakāsuyā. Ujjhitoti vātukkhitto viya yo koci, dahaniyā indhanaṃ viyāti attho. Visapattorivāti visagatabhājanaṃ viya. Aggito katoti aggito aṅgārato apagato kato, visassa lesampi asesetvā apanīto vināsitoti attho.
“若有女人未经观察”(Yassā siyā apaccavekkhitanti):谓若有女人未以智慧观察、未遍知此五蕴。“或未教导众生”(Sattā vā anusāsito siyā):或此女人因未见法身,而未得教导。“你诱惑这样的女人”(Tvaṃ tādisikaṃ palobhayā):贤友!你去诱惑那样的女人——她尚未摧破诸行、未观察出世间法,你以欲贪去亲近她。“你由此会遭受痛苦”(Jānantiṃ so imaṃ vihaññasi):你面对这位如实了知转起与还灭、通达真理的清净比丘尼,便会遭受痛苦,现在与未来皆遭损害与苦。显示巴利原文
Yassā siyā apaccavekkhitanti yassā itthiyā idaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ ñāṇena appaṭivekkhitaṃ apariññātaṃ siyā. Sattā vā anusāsito siyāti sattā vā dhammasarīrassa adassanena yassā itthiyā ananusāsito siyā. Tvaṃ tādisikaṃ palobhayāti, āvuso, tvaṃ tathārūpaṃ aparimadditasaṅkhāraṃ apaccavekkhitalokuttaradhammaṃ kāmehi palobhaya upagaccha. Jānantiṃ so imaṃ vihaññasīti so tvaṃ pavattiṃ nivattiñca yāthāvato jānantiṃ paṭividdhasaccaṃ imaṃ subhaṃ bhikkhuniṃ āgamma vihaññasi, sampati āyatiñca vighātaṃ dukkhaṃ āpajjasi.
现在为了说明他遭受损害的原因,而说“因为对我”(mayhaṃ hi)等。其中,“因为”(hi)是表示原因的虚词。“于毁骂与礼敬中”(Akkuṭṭhavandite):指在辱骂与礼敬之中。“于苦与乐中”(Sukhadukkhe):指在乐与苦之中,或于合意与不合意的所缘触对之中。“念住现前”(Satī upaṭṭhitā):与观察相应的念,于一切时皆现前。“了知有为为不净”(Saṅkhatamasubhanti jāniyā):了知三地所摄诸行法,因烦恼不净的流出而是不净的。“于一切处”(Sabbattheva):于一切三有中,我的心不因渴爱、染着等而染污。显示巴利原文
Idānissa vighātāpattitaṃ kāraṇavibhāvanena dassentī ‘‘mayhaṃ hī’’tiādimāha. Tattha hīti hetuatthe nipāto. Akkuṭṭhavanditeti akkose vandanāya ca. Sukhadukkheti sukhe ca dukkhe ca, iṭṭhāniṭṭhavisayasamāyoge vā. Satī upaṭṭhitāti paccavekkhaṇayuttā sati sabbakālaṃ upaṭṭhitā. Saṅkhatamasubhanti jāniyāti tebhūmakaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ kilesāsucipaggharaṇena asubhanti ñatvā. Sabbatthevāti sabbasmiṃyeva bhavattaye mayhaṃ mano taṇhālepādinā na upalimpati.
“乘八支道乘者”(Maggaṭṭhaṅgikayānayāyinī):她乘着名为八支圣道的圣乘,前往涅槃城。“已拔出箭者”(Uddhaṭasallā):已经从自己的相续中完全拔除了贪等箭。显示巴利原文
Maggaṭṭhaṅgikayānayāyinīti aṭṭhaṅgikamaggasaṅkhātena ariyayānena nibbānapuraṃ yāyinī upagatā. Uddhaṭasallāti attano santānato samuddhaṭarāgādisallā.
“善加描绘者”(Sucittitā):指以其手、脚、脸等形状精致地描绘、构造而成的木偶。“木偶”(Sombhā):即木制玩偶。“或小木偶”(Dārukapillakāni vā):指用木棍等材料构造的形象。“以线”(Tantīhi):即以筋线。“以栓”(Khīlakehī):指为表现手、脚、背、耳等处而安立的棍子。“被捆绑”(Vinibaddhā):以种种方式绑缚。“表演种种舞蹈”(Vividhaṃ panaccakā):指通过拉紧与放松机关绳等而设定的舞蹈,看起来如同正在跳舞一般。显示巴利原文
Sucittitāti hatthapādamukhādiākārena suṭṭhu cittitā viracitā. Sombhāti sumbhakā. Dārukapillakāni vāti dārudaṇḍādīhi uparacitarūpakāni. Tantīhīti nhārusuttakehi. Khīlakehīti hatthapādapiṭṭhikaṇṇādiatthāya ṭhapitadaṇḍehi. Vinibaddhāti vividhenākārena baddhā. Vividhaṃ panaccakāti yantasuttādīnaṃ añchanavissajjanādinā paṭṭhapitanaccakā, panaccantā viya diṭṭhāti yojanā.
“当从那里抽出线与栓时”(Tamhuddhaṭe tantikhīlake):由特定的组装与特殊的构造而被称为形象的那个东西,当线与栓从原处被抽出,绑缚便松脱,或者各部分被分开而彼此分离,又或被扔到各处而散落时,便无法再找到它。“就不能找到那被弄成碎块的”(Na vindeyya khaṇḍaso kate):当木偶形象的部分被弄成碎块时,那个木偶形象便不可得、找不到了。“既然这样,心会执取其中的什么”(Evaṃ sante kimhi tattha manaṃ nivesaye):对于那木偶形象的碎块,心会执取什么呢?是在木桩上?在绳上?还是在泥团等上?在离散的部分中,任何这类想法都无从生起。显示巴利原文
Tamhuddhaṭe tantikhīlaketi sannivesavisiṭṭharacanāvisesayuttaṃ upādāya rūpakasamaññā tamhi tantimhi khīlake ca ṭhānato uddhaṭe bandhanto vissaṭṭhe, visuṃ karaṇena aññamaññaṃ vikale, tahiṃ tahiṃ khipanena parikrite vikirite. Na vindeyya khaṇḍaso kateti potthakarūpassa avayave khaṇḍākhaṇḍite kate potthakarūpaṃ na vindeyya, na upalabheyya. Evaṃ sante kimhi tattha manaṃ nivesaye tasmiṃ potthakarūpāvayave kimhi kiṃ khāṇuke, udāhu rajjuke, mattikāpiṇḍādike vā manaṃ manasaññaṃ niveseyya, visaṅkhāre avayave sā saññā kadācipi napateyyāti attho.
“如同那样的比喻”(Tathūpamā):如同那个木偶的比喻一样。怎么说呢?即所说“诸身体”(dehakāni)等。其中,“诸身体”:指手、脚、脸等身体的组成部分。它们对我来说,呈现为“与我相连”(Manti me paṭibaddhā upaṭṭhahanti)。“离开那些诸法”(Tehi dhammehīti):离开那些地界等、眼等诸法,“诸身不能存在”(Vinā na vattanti):因为除了这样那样组合起来的地界等诸法,所谓的身其实并不存在。“离开诸法不能存在”(Dhammehi vinā na vattati):身离开了各部分、离开了诸部分法,便不能存在,不可得。“既然这样,心会执取其中的什么”(Evaṃ sante kimhi tattha manaṃ nivesaye):心会执取其中的什么呢?是地界等?还是所谓的身?还是手、脚等?由于“身”、“手、脚等”、“众生”、“女人”、“男子”这些名称,仅仅是在地界等及净色法上赋予的共称,因此,智者对于这里没有任何执著。显示巴利原文
Tathūpamāti taṃsadisā tena potthakarūpena sadisā. Kinti ce āha ‘‘dehakānī’’tiādi. Tattha dehakānīti hatthapādamukhādidehāvayavā. Manti me paṭibaddhā upaṭṭhahanti. Tehi dhammehīti tehi pathaviādīhi ca cakkhādīhi ca dhammehi. Vinā na vattantīti na hi tathā tathā sanniviṭṭhe pathaviādidhamme muñcitvā dehā nāma santi. Dhammehi vinā na vattatīti deho avayavehi avayavadhammehi vinā na vattati na upalabbhati. Evaṃ sante kimhi tattha manaṃ nivesayeti kimhi kiṃ pathaviyaṃ, udāhu āpādike dehoti vā hatthapādādīnīti vā manaṃ manasaññaṃ niveseyya. Yasmā pathaviādipasādadhammamatte esā samaññā, yadidaṃ dehoti vā hatthapādādīnīti vā sattoti vā itthīti vā purisoti vā, tasmā na ettha jānato koci abhiniveso hotīti.
“如同见到墙上的彩绘”:正如用雌黄涂饰的墙画,由巧匠以雌黄打底、敷色,绘成的女子画像被人看见。由于画中支撑、投掷等动态的生动效果,或会生起“此画是否倚靠真人而立”的想法,但这种想法毫无意义,因为其中并无真实的人性存在。所谓“女人”,不过是如此称谓,是对事物的颠倒见解,并非如实把握。应当了知,仅是于法蕴上执取男女等相,也是如此成就的。这是此中的要义。显示巴利原文
Yathā haritālena makkhitaṃ, addasa cittikaṃ bhittiyā katanti yathā kusalena cittakārena bhittiyaṃ haritālena makkhitaṃ littaṃ tena lepaṃ datvā kataṃ ālikhitaṃ cittikaṃ itthirūpaṃ addasa passeyya. Tattha yā upathambhanakhepanādikiriyāsampattiyā mānusikā nu kho ayaṃ bhitti apassāya ṭhitāti saññā, sā niratthakā manussabhāvasaṅkhātassa atthassa tattha abhāvato, mānusīti pana kevalaṃ tahiṃ tassa ca viparītadassanaṃ, yāthāvato gahaṇaṃ na hoti, dhammapuñjamatte itthipurisādigahaṇampi evaṃ sampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbanti adhippāyo.
“就像幻象一样被置于面前”:如幻师置于面前的幻景一般。“如同在梦境中的金制树”:如在梦中出现的金色树。“愚人,你执取这空洞之物”:愚痴的人!你将此空洞、中空、无有内在坚实的有身,当作有坚实之物而执取,认为“这是我的”。“如同在大众中的银像”:就像幻师在大众中展示的银像,看似坚实之物现前,实则毫无坚实。这是义理。显示巴利原文
Māyaṃ viya aggato katanti māyākārena purato upaṭṭhāpitaṃ māyāsadisaṃ. Supinanteva suvaṇṇapādapanti supinameva supinantaṃ, tattha upaṭṭhitasuvaṇṇamayarukkhaṃ viya. Upagacchasi andha rittakanti andhabāla rittakaṃ tucchakaṃ antosārarahitaṃ imaṃ attabhāvaṃ ‘‘etaṃ mamā’’ti sāravantaṃ viya upagacchasi abhinivisasi. Janamajjheriva rupparūpakanti māyākārena mahājanamajjhe dassitaṃ rūpiyarūpasadisaṃ sāraṃ viya upaṭṭhahantaṃ, asāranti attho.
“vaṭṭanirivāti”:如同虫漆丸。“koṭarohitāti”:指放置在树洞或树孔中。“majjhe pubbuḷakāti”:在眼睑中间,犹如水泡。“saassukāti”:沾着泪水。“pīḷakoḷikāti”:即眼眵,眼垢。“ettha jāyatīti”:在此眼眶中,于两眼角间散发出毒臭而生起之物。或可将“pīḷakoḷikāti”理解为眼睑上长出的小疙瘩。“vividhāti”:种种差别——依白环、黑环以及红、黄等七层膜而言,品类众多。“cakkhuvidhāti”:眼的各种类别,由众多部分聚合而成。“piṇḍitāti”:将这些部分聚集在一起。显示巴利原文
Vaṭṭanirivāti lākhāya guḷikā viya. Koṭarohitāti koṭare rukkhasusire ṭhapitā. Majjhe pubbuḷakāti akkhidalamajjhe ṭhitajalapubbuḷasadisā. Saassukāti assujalasahitā. Pīḷakoḷikāti akkhigūthako. Ettha jāyatīti etasmiṃ akkhimaṇḍale ubhosu koṭīsu visagandhaṃ vāyanto nibbattati. Pīḷakoḷikāti vā akkhidalesu nibbattanakā pīḷakā vuccati. Vividhāti setanīlamaṇḍalānañceva rattapītādīnaṃ sattannaṃ paṭalānañca vasena anekavidhā. Cakkhuvidhāti cakkhubhāgā cakkhuppakārā vā tassa anekakalāpagatabhāvato. Piṇḍitāti samuditā.
如是,那位比丘尼为贪着眼的人开示了眼的不净相,以及因不稳固而显现的无常相。开示之后,正如有人拿着诱人之物走进盗贼横行的荒漠,被贼人纠缠,只得交出那诱人之物才能脱身;同样地,正因那男子贪着于眼而纠缠比丘尼,她便将自己的眼睛挖出给了他。因此,经中云“uppāṭiya cārudassanā”等。其中,“uppāṭiyāti”指挖出,即从眼窝中取出。“cārudassanāti”是说相貌端严、见而令人生喜之人。“na ca pajjitthāti”是说她对于那只眼睛毫无执着。“asaṅgamānasāti”是说心于任何所缘皆不粘着。“handa te cakkhunti”意为:来,这便是你一直贪求、由我所施的、名为“眼”的不净肉块,你拿去吧!拿去之后,随你所欲带到任何中意之处。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ cakkhusmiṃ sārajjantassa cakkhuno asubhataṃ anavaṭṭhitatāya aniccatañca vibhāvesi . Vibhāvetvā ca yathā nāma koci lobhanīyaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā corakantāraṃ paṭipajjanto corehi palibuddho taṃ lobhanīyabhaṇḍaṃ datvā gacchati, evameva cakkhumhi sārattena tena purisena palibuddhā therī attano cakkhuṃ uppāṭetvā tassa adāsi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘uppāṭiya cārudassanā’’tiādi. Tattha uppāṭiyāti uppāṭetvā cakkhukūpato nīharitvā. Cārudassanāti piyadassanā manoharadassanā. Na ca pajjitthāti tasmiṃ cakkhusmiṃ saṅgaṃ nāpajji. Asaṅgamānasāti katthacipi ārammaṇe anāsattacittā. Handa te cakkhunti tayā kāmitaṃ tato eva mayā dinnattā te cakkhusaññitaṃ asucipiṇḍaṃ gaṇha, gahetvā harassu pasādayuttaṃ icchitaṃ ṭhānaṃ nehi.
“tassa ca viramāsi tāvadeti”:那个无赖男子,在眼被挖出的刹那,贪欲便即消退。“tatthāti”:指于彼眼,或于那位比丘尼;又或指于彼时、彼处。“khamāpayīti”:令对方原谅。“sotthi siyā brahmacārinīti”:祝愿“殊胜的梵行者啊,愿您获得安稳康宁。”“na puno edisakaṃ bhavissatīti”:表明“从今往后,不再有此类行为,我决不再犯。”显示巴利原文
Tassa ca viramāsi tāvadeti tassa dhuttapurisassa tāvadeva akkhimhi uppāṭitakkhaṇe eva rāgo vigacchi. Tatthāti akkhimhi, tassaṃ vā theriyaṃ. Atha vā tatthāti tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne. Khamāpayīti khamāpesi. Sotthi siyā brahmacārinīti seṭṭhacārini mahesike tuyhaṃ ārogyameva bhaveyya. Na puno edisakaṃbhavissatīti ito paraṃ evarūpaṃ anācāracaraṇaṃ na bhavissati, na karissāmīti attho.
“āsādiyāti”:意为去冒犯、去触扰。“edisaṃ”:指如此于一切处已离贪者。而“aggiṃ pajjalitaṃva liṅgiyā”的譬喻,正如同去拥抱一团炽燃的烈火。显示巴利原文
Āsādiyāti ghaṭṭetvā. Edisanti evarūpaṃ sabbattha vītarāgaṃ. Aggiṃ pajjalitaṃva liṅgiyāti pajjalitaṃ aggiṃ āliṅgetvā viya.
"Tatoti"意为“从那里”,即她从恶棍男子那里离开。"sā bhikkhunīti"指那位名为须跋的比丘尼。"agamī buddhavarassa santikanti"意谓她来到正自觉者面前,亲近世尊。"passiya varapuññalakkhaṇanti"是说见到以最殊胜福德资粮所成就的大人相。"yathā purāṇakanti"则说明她的眼睛恢复如初,如同未被挖出时一样。至于此处未加说明的其他内容,依前文所述,便易于理解。显示巴利原文
Tatoti tasmā dhuttapurisā. Sā bhikkhunīti sā subhā bhikkhunī. Agamī buddhavarassa santikanti sammāsambuddhassa santikaṃ upagacchi upasaṅkami. Passiya varapuññalakkhaṇanti uttamehi puññasambhārehi nibbattamahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ disvā. Yathā purāṇakanti porāṇaṃ viya uppāṭanato pubbe viya cakkhu paṭipākatikaṃ ahosi. Yamettha antarantarā na vuttaṃ, taṃ vuttanayattā suviññeyyameva.