3. 居士品
3. Gahapativaggo
1-7. 第一郁伽经等注释
1-7. Paṭhamauggasuttādivaṇṇanā
21-2721-27. 第三品的第一、第二经没有需要说明的内容。在第三经中,原本应该说“手”(hatthago),却说成了“手者”(hatthako)。因为这位王子从国王随从的手上到了夜叉的手上,又从夜叉的手上到了世尊的手上,再从世尊的手上回到了国王随从的手上,所以就名字来说,成了“手者·旷野的”。因此说:“因为从旷野夜叉的手上用手接取,获得‘手者’之名的王子”。第四经等意义明显易懂。
21-27. Tatiyassa paṭhamadutiyesu natthi vattabbaṃ. Tatiye ‘‘hatthago’’ti vattabbe ‘‘hatthako’’ti vuttaṃ. So hi rājapurisānaṃ hatthato yakkhassa hatthaṃ, yakkhassa hatthato bhagavato hatthaṃ , bhagavato hatthato puna rājapurisānaṃ hatthaṃ gatattā nāmato hatthako āḷavakoti jāto. Tenāha ‘‘āḷavakayakkhassa hatthato hatthehi sampaṭicchitattā hatthakoti laddhanāmo rājakumāro’’ti. Catutthādīni uttānatthāneva.
8. 第二力经注释
8. Dutiyabalasuttavaṇṇanā
28在第八经中,诸漏尽者由不迷乱,对于一切行的无常性,从作用上为道慧所善通达,亦由观慧取为所缘而通达。为显此义,故说“与观俱的道慧”。“这些欲”指两种欲。依烦恼而生起的炽燃,或以所依欲为依止,或以所依欲为对象,因此二者皆有炽燃之义,犹如炭坑,故说“如炭坑”。“内”(anto)因其低劣义而指渴爱,“离边”(byanta)指已离边际、成了那样的状态,所以他说“离边之体”(vigatantabhūta),即是无渴爱。
28. Aṭṭhame khīṇāsavassa sabbesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ aniccatā asammohavasena kiccato maggapaññāya suppaṭividdhā, vipassanāya ārammaṇakaraṇavasenapīti dassento āha ‘‘sahavipassanāya maggapaññāyā’’ti. Ime kāmāti dvepi kāme vadati. Kilesavasena uppajjamāno hi pariḷāho vatthukāmasannissayo vatthukāmavisayo vāti dvepi sapariḷāhaṭṭhena aṅgārakāsu viyāti ‘‘aṅgārakāsūpamā’’ti vuttā. Anto vuccati lāmakaṭṭhena taṇhā, byantaṃ vigatantaṃ bhūtanti byantibhūtanti āha ‘‘vigatantabhūta’’nti, nittaṇhanti attho.
9. 《非时经》之释义
9. Akkhaṇasuttavaṇṇanā
29在第九经中,因有大神力的饿鬼会参与天人与阿修罗的迎亲,却不参与嫁亲,故应了知,阿修罗身唯被饿鬼界所摄。而饿鬼阿修罗本就是饿鬼,所以它们为饿鬼所摄,不待言说即已成立。
29. Navame yasmā mahiddhikapetā devāsurānaṃ āvāhaṃ gacchanti, vivāhaṃ na gacchanti, tasmā pettivisayeneva asurakāyo gahitoti veditabbo. Petāsurā pana petā evāti tesaṃ petehi saṅgaho avuttasiddhova.
第十 阿那律大寻经注
10. Anuruddhamahāvitakkasuttavaṇṇanā
30在第十经中,“少欲者”(appicchassa):即无欲求者。此处“少”字表“无”义,一如“无蚊蝇、无风热”等语。于诸资具少欲者,称为“资具少欲者”(paccayappiccho),即对衣等资具已断除欲求者。“证得少欲者”(Adhigamappiccho),指在显示禅那等证得上已断除欲求者。“教理少欲者”(Pariyattiappiccho),指在显示教理多闻上已断除欲求者。“头陀支少欲者”(Dhutaṅgappiccho),指于头陀支少欲、在显示头陀支状态上已断除欲求者。隐藏寂静功德:即把自身所具的禅那等功德、多闻功德以及头陀支功德隐藏、遮盖起来。“成就”(sampajjatīti):即完成、实现。于多欲者,这些皆不能成就,因为连随顺之法亦无法实现。“远离者”(pavivittassa):以种种方式远离之人。故说“以身远离、心远离、依着远离而远离的人”。这是要表明:依修习精进为事,独自而住,才是“身远离”的实质性内涵。
30. Dasame appicchassāti na icchassa. Abhāvattho hettha appasaddo ‘‘appaḍaṃsamakasavātātapā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 10.11) viya. Paccayesu appiccho paccayappiccho, cīvarādipaccayesu icchārahito. Adhigamappicchoti jhānādiadhigamavibhāvane icchārahito . Pariyattiappicchoti pariyattiyaṃ bāhusaccavibhāvane icchārahito. Dhutaṅgappicchoti dhutaṅgesu appiccho dhutaṅgabhāvavibhāvane icchārahito. Santaguṇaniguhanenāti attani saṃvijjamānānaṃ jhānādiguṇānañceva bāhusaccaguṇassa dhutaṅgaguṇassa ca niguhanena chādanena. Sampajjatīti nipphajjati sijjhati. No mahicchassāti mahatiyā icchāya samannāgatassa no sampajjati anudhammassapi anipphajjanato. Pavivittassāti pakārehi vivittassa. Tenāha ‘‘kāyacittaupadhivivekehi vivittassā’’ti. Ārambhavatthuvasenāti bhāvanābhiyogavasena ekībhāvova kāyavivekoti adhippeto, na gaṇasaṅgaṇikābhāvamattanti dasseti. Kammanti yogakammaṃ.
与有情及烦恼相混同、相杂集,即称为“结群”。乐于安住此种状态,故称为“园”;拥有此状态者,便名为“乐于结群者”。因此经文说“以群体杂谈及……”等。“已发勤精进者”:即已提起精进的人。而且,这是就趋向于依远离而说的,所以才说“这是法”。其余情形也依此理类推。在此,所意指的定唯依止于出离;同样,慧也是如此。一个立足于“业由自己所造之慧”的人,了知由于业,于诸有中会有种种不利,因此便希求能灭尽业的智慧,并为此而付出努力。慢等能使有情相续在轮回中扩张、扩散,故称为“戏论”。因此说“由于远离了渴爱、慢、见的戏论”等。此处其余内容容易理解。
Sattehi kilesehi ca saṅgaṇanaṃ samodhānaṃ saṅgaṇikā, sā āramitabbaṭṭhena ārāmo etassāti saṅgaṇikārāmo, tassa. Tenāha ‘‘gaṇasaṅgaṇikāya cevā’’tiādi. Āraddhavīriyassāti paggahitavīriyassa. Tañca kho upadhiviveke ninnatāvasena ‘‘ayaṃ dhammo’’ti vacanato. Esa nayo itaresupi. Vivaṭṭanissitaṃyeva hi samādhānaṃ idhādhippetaṃ, tathā paññāpi. Kammassa-katapaññāya hi ṭhito kammavasena bhavesu nānappakāro anatthoti jānanto kammakkhayakaraṃ ñāṇaṃ abhipattheti, tadatthañca ussāhaṃ karoti. Mānādayo sattasantānaṃ saṃsāre papañcenti vitthārentīti papañcāti āha ‘‘taṇhāmānadiṭṭhipapañcarahitattā’’tiādi. Sesamettha suviññeyyameva.