五、阿修罗品
(10) 5. Asuravaggo
第一、二经的阿修罗经等注疏
1-2. Asurasuttādivaṇṇanā
91-92第九十一、九十二经是第五品的第一、第二经,义理浅显易明。
91-92. Pañcamassa paṭhamadutiyāni uttānatthāneva.
三、第二定经注疏
3. Dutiyasamādhisuttavaṇṇanā
93第九十三经.第三经中,「不退」(appaṭivānī)是以状态为主的表述,故指「不退转性」。按规范本应说「不退转性」(appaṭivānitā),经文却用了「不退」。实际上,当精进之流正在行进时,中途退回、回转退缩,这称为「退转」(paṭivāna)。有这种退转的人就是「有退转者」(paṭivānī);没有退转的,则为「不退」(appaṭivānī)。此状态本身即「不退转性」,意思就是不退转。再者,这也是依阴性词形而作此说。中途退回、回转退缩是退转,没有退转便是不退,意即不退转。
93. Tatiye appaṭivānīti bhāvappadhāno niddesoti āha ‘‘anivattanatā’’ti. ‘‘Appaṭivānitā’’ti vattabbe ‘‘appaṭivānī’’ti vuttaṃ. Tathā hi vīriyappavāhe vattamāne antarā eva paṭigamanaṃ nivattanaṃ paṭivānaṃ, taṃ assa atthīti paṭivānī, na paṭivānī appaṭivānī, tassa bhāvo appaṭivānitā, anivattanāti attho. Appaṭivānīti vā itthiliṅgavasenevāyaṃ niddeso. Antarāyeva paṭigamanaṃ nivattanaṃ paṭivānī, na paṭivānī appaṭivānī, anivattanāti attho.
四、第三定经注疏
4. Tatiyasamādhisuttavaṇṇanā
94第九十四经.第四经中,「应安置」(saṇṭhapetabbaṃ)即是正确地安置。为了说明‘已安置’便成妥善的安置,故接着说「应令沉淀」等。其中,「应令沉淀」:指通过平息那些与定对立的烦恼,让心在所缘境中沉淀下来。「应作专一」(ekodi kātabbaṃ):通过达成不散乱的状态,而令心成为专一。「应入定」(samādahitabbanti):如同善巧地投入所缘那样,正确地、完全正确地安放、安立,使之入定,这便是它的含义。
94. Catutthe saṇṭhapetabbanti sammadeva ṭhapetabbaṃ. Yathā pana ṭhapitaṃ saṇṭhapitaṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sannisādetabba’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha sannisādetabbanti samādhippaṭipakkhe kilese sannisīdāpentena cittaṃ gocarajjhatte sannisīdāpetabbanti. Ekodi kātabbanti abyaggabhāvāpādanena ekaggaṃ kātabbaṃ. Samādahitabbanti yathā ārammaṇe suṭṭhu appitaṃ hoti, evaṃ sammā sammadeva ādahitabbaṃ, suṭṭhu āropetabbaṃ samāhitaṃ kātabbanti attho.
第五至第六:腐尸火炬经等的注释
5-6. Chavālātasuttādivaṇṇanā
95-96第五经中,所谓「腐尸火炬」,指的是取于尸体焚烧处的火炬,因此说“在墓地的火炬”。「中间为粪便涂污」:形容长约八指,两端正在燃烧,中间部分被粪便涂抹。「木柴」:指这木柴所应作之事。其余在此浅显易懂。第六经亦浅显易懂。
95-96. Pañcame chavālātanti chavānaṃ daḍḍhaṭṭhāne alātaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘susāne alāta’’nti. Majjhaṭṭhāne gūthamakkhitanti pamāṇena aṭṭhaṅgulamattaṃ dvīsu ṭhānesu ādittaṃ majjhe gūthamakkhitaṃ. Kaṭṭhatthanti kaṭṭhena kātabbakiccaṃ. Sesamettha uttānameva. Chaṭṭhaṃ uttānameva.
第七至第十:速智经等的注释
7-10. Khippanisantisuttādivaṇṇanā
97-100第七经中,「速智」(khippanisantī)即敏捷的智慧,故说“速了知者”等。「随顺法」:指与出世间证得相适顺的性质。「善言辞者」:因为他具有优美、善好、句义圆满的言语,所以说他是“言辞优美者”。「善音声者」:指他话语的音声甘美、善好、悦耳。「纯净」:因其德行圆满而充溢于诸圆满之中,故称纯净;由纯净故,而说“德行圆满”。又,由宿世已得纯净,与城市女性的柔和相似,故称纯净;由此纯净,具足“柔和性”。此句开示她言语的柔软顺滑。「无缠缚」:指不被胆汁、痰等所缠缚。「无过失」:远离疑惑、迟缓等过失。「不脱漏字句」:字句无有遗漏、无有缺失。此二者即是对于「无漏无缺」的义解:既无缺陷,亦无缺失。「能令了义」:能令意义清楚地被了知,这是通过使所说内容的初、中、后悉皆明晰而达到的。第八、第九、第十经的义理浅显易懂。
97-100. Sattame khippanisantīti khippapañño. Tenāha ‘‘khippanisāmano’’tiādi. Anurūpadhammanti lokuttarādhigamassa anucchavikasabhāvaṃ. Kalyāṇā sundarā parimaṇḍalapadabyañjanā vācā assāti kalyāṇavāco. Tenāha ‘‘sundaravacano’’ti. Kalyāṇaṃ madhuraṃ vākkaraṇaṃ udāhāraghoso assāti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo. Guṇaparipuṇṇabhāvena pūre puṇṇabhāve bhavāti porī, tāya poriyā. Tenāha ‘‘guṇaparipuṇṇāyā’’ti. Pure bhavattā poriyā nāgarikitthiyā sukhumālattanena sadisāti porī, tāya poriyā. ‘‘Sukhumālattanenā’’ti iminā tassā vācāya mudusaṇhabhāvo vutto. Apalibuddhāyāti pittasemhādīhi na paliveṭhitāya. Adosāyāti sandiddhavilambitādidosarahitāya agaḷitapadabyañjanāyāti apatitapadabyañjanāya avirahitapadabyañjanāya. Ubhayametaṃ anelagalāyāti imasseva atthavacanaṃ. Anelagalāyāti hi anelāya ceva agalāya cāti attho. Atthaṃ viññāpetuṃ samatthāyāti ādimajjhapariyosānaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā bhāsitatthassa viññāpanasatthāya. Aṭṭhamanavamadasamāni uttānatthāneva.
第三集五十经
3. Tatiyapaṇṇāsakaṃ