礼敬彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者
在《相应部》中·《六处品》复注
Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa · Saṃyuttanikāye · Saḷāyatanavaggaṭīkā
1. 六处相应复注
1. Saḷāyatanasaṃyuttaṃ
全篇 484 段
《内无常经》的注释
1. Ajjhattāniccasuttavaṇṇanā
1能看,所以叫“眼”。智也是这样,因为它按照事物的真实样子了知所缘,就像在说明什么是平等、什么是不平等一样起作用,这就是它的意思。肉眼也是这样。因为它也能在看见色法时“看”,所以叫“眼”。只有诸佛才有的眼,叫“佛眼”。因为它不共通于其他有情,能如实辨明有情相续中的常见、断见,能如实辨明随顺智和如实智,也能如实辨明欲贪随眠等,所以它就是意乐随眠智和根上下智。较低的三道,按照在四圣谛法中所说的方式运作于法,所以叫“法眼”;同样,它们的果,则是以在各自对应的烦恼上止息、断除的方式运作,所以也叫“法眼”。因为它能周遍地在一切法上完成眼的作用,所以叫“一切眼”,也就是一切知智。因为它是依靠天住而获得的,就像诸天神的天眼一样,所以叫“天眼”,这是神通的一种特殊能力。因为它是增长光明之后看见色法的,所以说“以光明遍满”。又因为经中说“诸比丘,我于先前未曾听闻的法中,生起了眼:这是苦圣谛”等等,所以把能确定四圣谛的智称为“慧眼”。这个慧眼,有人说就是“观智”,另一些人则说是“观、道、果、省察智”。
1. Cakkhatīti cakkhu, ñāṇaṃ, yathāsabhāvato ārammaṇassa jānanena samavisamaṃ ācikkhantaṃ viya pavattatīti attho. Tathā maṃsacakkhu. Tampi hi rūpadassane cakkhatīti cakkhu. Buddhānaṃyeva cakkhūti buddhacakkhu, asādhāraṇato hi sattasantānesu sassatucchedadiṭṭhi anulomikañāṇayathābhūtañāṇānañceva kāmarāgānusayādīnañca yāthāvato vibhāvitañāṇaṃ āsayānusayañāṇaṃ indriyaparopariyattañāṇañca. Heṭṭhimā tayo maggā catusaccadhammesu vuttākārena pavattiyā dhamme cakkhūti dhammacakkhu, tathā tesaṃ phalāni taṃtaṃpaṭipakkhesu paṭippassaddhipahānavasena pavattanato. Samantato sabbadhammesu cakkhukiccasādhanato samantacakkhu, sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. Dibbavihārasannissayena laddhabbato devānaṃ dibbacakkhu viyāti taṃ dibbacakkhu, abhiññāviseso. Ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā rūpadassanato ‘‘ālokapharaṇenā’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccanti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 15) nayena āgatattā catusaccaparicchedakañāṇaṃ ‘‘paññācakkhū’’ti vuttaṃ. Tadidaṃ ‘‘vipassanāñāṇa’’nti vadanti, ‘‘vipassanāmaggaphalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇānī’’ti apare.
由作为缘的这些色法聚集而成,所以叫“资具”,即作为支撑的四大所生色法。与资具一起,就是“有资具的”。依靠大种而变得清净,所以叫“净色”。在眼窝中、在眼膜上,是指在两层眼膜上。“生起”这里指的是水界,说的就是作为生起基础的水界。这里说的是“十三种资具”。但在《殊胜义论》(法集论注596)里,连同形状一起说成“十四种资具”。那里说的“形状”,就是指色处本身,也就是呈现为圆形等形状的那个。之所以把它们分开来说,是因为在之前所说的那个肉团中,确实存在着这样的和不是这样的水界与色处。对于“生起”,当它与依止四界的要素一起被提及时,应当理解为它依止于其余三界。在“视野”中,是指面对面站着时影像显现的地方,也就是被称为眼的视觉活动所生起的那个圆形区域。“已安置”这个词,是为了显示眼净色具有许多聚的状态。因为它遍满七层眼膜而安住,被自己依止的那些眼膜所帮助,同时又被依止于它的寿、颜色等所守护和围绕,并且得到能产生三续色法的时节、心、食的支持,它就这样安住着。“能见色”是指依止自己而生起的识,有能力看见色处。“广说”是指对这个眼以及耳等,从因、缘等方面,以及从特征等方面所作的详细解说。
Paccayabhūtehi etehi abhisambharīyantīti sambhārā, upatthambhabhūtā catusamuṭṭhānikarūpā. Saha sambhārehīti sasambhāraṃ. Mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasīdatīti pasādo. Akkhikūpake akkhipaṭalehīti ubhohi akkhidalehi. Sambhavoti āpodhātumeva sambhavabhūtamāha. Idha ‘‘terasa sambhārā’’ti vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhasāliniyaṃ (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 596) pana saṇṭhānena saddhiṃ ‘‘cuddasa sambhārā’’ti āgataṃ. Tattha saṇṭhānanti vaṇṇāyatanameva parimaṇḍalādisaṇṭhānabhūtaṃ. Visuṃ vacanaṃ pana nesaṃ tathābhūtānaṃ atathābhūtānañca āpodhātuvaṇṇāyatanānaṃ yathāvutte maṃsapiṇḍe vijjamānattā. Sambhavassa catudhātunissitehi saha vuttassa dhātuttayanissitatā yojetabbā. Diṭṭhimaṇḍaleti abhimukhaṃ ṭhitānaṃ paṭibimbapaññāyanaṭṭhānabhūte cakkhusaññitāya diṭṭhiyā pavattiṭṭhānabhūte maṇḍale. Sanniviṭṭhanti etena cakkhupasādassa anekakalāpagatabhāvo dassito. Tathā hi so satta akkhipaṭalāni abhibyāpetvā vattati. Yasmā so satta akkhipaṭalāni byāpetvā ṭhitehi attano nissayabhūtehi katūpakāraṃ taṃnissiteheva āyuvaṇṇādīhi anupālitaparivāritaṃ tisantatirūpasamuṭṭhāpakehi utucittāhārehi upatthambhiyamānaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati. Rūpadassanasamatthanti attānaṃ nissāya pavattaviññāṇassa vasena rūpāyatanadassanasamatthaṃ. Vitthārakathāti tassa cakkhuno sotādīnañca hetupaccayādivasena ceva lakkhaṇādivasena ca vitthārakathā.
“思惟行心”是指作为观生起的依处、应当被观照的心。有些人说它是“已进入观行、属于唯作的心”,那只是他们自己的看法。因为这段开示是通过显示三相来激发观,目的是引导修行者证得阿拉汉果。
Sammasanacāracittanti vipassanāya pavattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ vipassitabbaṃ cittaṃ. Keci ‘‘vipassanupagatakiriyamayacitta’’nti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ. Tīṇi lakkhaṇāni dassetvā vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattassa pāpanavasena desanāya pavattattā.
2-3. 《内苦经》等经的注释
2-3. Ajjhattadukkhasuttādivaṇṇanā
2-3二相:就是苦相和无我相。一相:就是无我相。其余的:就是前面所说的其余诸相。以此:就是凭借宣说第二经和第三经的那些方式。善区分:就是正确地确定。以此量:就是以讲述两种相或只讲一种相的方式。
2-3.Dvelakkhaṇānīti dukkhānattalakkhaṇāni. Ekaṃ lakkhaṇanti anattalakkhaṇaṃ. Sesānīti vuttāvasesāni lakkhaṇāni. Tehīti yehi dutiyatatiyāni suttāni desitāni, tehi. Sallakkhitānīti sammadeva upadhāritāni. Ettakenāti dvinnaṃ ekasseva vā lakkhaṇassa kathanena.
4-6.《外无常经》等注释
4-6. Bāhirāniccasuttādivaṇṇanā
4-6就像前面“二相”等所说的那样,是相似的。理趣,指的是类推的理趣。
4-6.Vuttasadisovāti ‘‘dve lakkhaṇānī’’tiādinā vuttasadiso eva. Nayoti atidesanayo.
7-12. 《内无常过去未来经》等经的注释
7-12. Ajjhattāniccātītānāgatasuttādivaṇṇanā
7-12辨别之后:因为过去和未来的法不存在,而执取却很坚固,所以要辨别。至于现在的法,因为它们是存在的,也因为对它们有强烈的渴爱等执取,为了那些在这观行道中努力挣扎、堪受调伏的有情而说。
7-12.Sallakkhetvāti atītānāgatānaṃ avijjamānattā gāhassa daḷhatāya sallakkhetvā. Paccuppannesu vijjamānattā balavatā taṇhādigāhena vipassanāvīthiṃ paṭipādetuṃ kilamantānaṃ vineyyānaṃ vasena.