于此法座上,遍安胜者的殊胜舍利,
放射六色光芒,璀璨夺目,
为利世间故化现胜者之形,
以首顶礼彼最极殊妙之塔。
我以眼注视这座利乐世间无量的塔。
塔,是令一切大众欢喜之因。
此塔的史传——此塔常为诸天神、阿修罗与人中王者所供养,
亦如宝光辉耀之塔那般备受恭敬;
纵使此史书,往昔已由为锡兰人利益而行的苦行者编成;
其成也古矣。
仅以锡兰语造作故,
不能令一切众生正确通达其义。
又因摩揭陀方言中,“主塔”一词发音不合规范,
又与正统系谱相违,其语音混乱,
又诸多应当言说之处,却未予阐述。
因此,我再度称述此系谱;
诸善士,请谛听:此系谱圆满无谬,
我所称说的,正是世尊之塔的谱系。
Yasmiṃ sayiṃsu jinadhātuvarā samantā Chabbaṇṇa raṃsi visarehi samujjalantā, Nimmāya lokahitahetu jinassa rūpaṃ Taṃ thupamabbhuta tamaṃ sirasā namitvā; Cakkhāmahaṃ sakala loka hitāvahassa Thupassa sabba jana naṇdana kāraṇassa, Vaṃsaṃ surāsura nariṇdavarehi niccaṃ Sampūjitassa ratanujjala thūpikassa; Kiñcāpi so yatijanena purātanena Atvāya sīhaḷajanassa kato purāpi, Vākkena sihaḷabhavena’bhisaṅkhamattā Atthaṃ na sādhahati sabbajanassa sammā; Yasmā ca māgadha niruttikatopi thūpa- Vaṃso viruddhanaya sadda samākulo so, Vattabbameva ca bahumpi yato na vuttaṃ Tamhā ahaṃ punapi vaṃsami’maṃ vadāmi; Suṇātha sādhavo sabbe paripuṇṇamanākulaṃ Vuccamānaṃ mayā sādhu vaṃsaṃ thūpassa satthunoti;
此处我要讲述佛塔的传承。之所以说“如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者应受塔供养,独觉应受塔供养,如来声闻应受塔供养,转轮王应受塔供养”,即是依此而言:将佛等应受塔供养者的舍利安置其中而建立的灵祠,因其本质而称为塔。然而,此处这座黄金镶嵌的大塔,安放了谁的舍利?如何安放?从燃灯佛等二十四位过去佛起,历经圆满修行成就正觉、转法轮、令和合,依遍净戒行,完成一切佛事,证入无余依涅槃;以无上涅槃的舍利,供养这位阿拉汉、世尊。以上略说,若欲详知,应当了解。
Tattha thūpassa vaṃsaṃ vakkhāmīti ettha tathāgato arahaṃ sammā sambuddho thūpāraho, paccekabuddho thūpāraho, tathāgatassa sāvako thūpāraho, rājā cakkavatti thūpārahoti vacanato thūpārahānaṃ buddhādīnaṃ dhātuyo patiṭṭhāpetvā kata cetiyaṃ abbhunana taṭṭhena thūpoti vuccati, idha pana kañcana mālika mahāthūpo adhippeto, so kassa dhātuyo patiṭṭhāpetvā katoti ce? Yodīpaṅkarādīnaṃ catuvīsatiyā buddhānaṃ santike laddhavyākaraṇo samatiṃsapāramiyo pūretvā paramābhisambodhiṃ patvā dhammacakkappavattanato paṭṭhāya yāva suhadda paribbājaka vinayāna sabba buddhakiccāni niṭṭhāpetvā anupādiyesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbuto tassa bhagavato arahato sammā sambuddhassa dhātuyo patiṭṭhāpetvā kato ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana veditabbo?
2二、据说,从此劫往前推,四不可数劫又十万劫之顶,曾有一座名为阿玛拉瓦提的大城。城中住着一位名叫善慧的婆罗门。他不作其余营生,唯专心学习婆罗门的技艺。幼年时,父母便已去世。那时,一位名为拉斯瓦达那(财富增长)的大臣取来收入簿册,连同装满金银、摩尼宝的箱匣,指明哪些是儿子的份额、哪些是父亲的份额、哪些是旁系亲属的份额,一一列出七代以来的所有财产。善慧欢喜地收纳,之后他常整日盘坐思维,细细省察。
2. Ito kira kappasatasahassādhikānaṃ catunnaṃ asaṅkheyyānaṃ matthake amaravatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Tattha sumedho nāma brāhmaṇo paṭivasati. So aññaṃ kammaṃ akatvā brahmaṇasippameva uggaṇhi tassa daharakāleyeva mātāpitaro kālamakaṃsu. Athassa rāsivaḍḍhanako amacco āya potthakaṃ āharitvā suvaṇṇa rajata maṇimuttādi bharite gabbhe vivaritvā ettakaṃ te kumāra mātu santakaṃ, ettakaṃ pitusantakaṃ, ettakaṃ ayyaka payyakānanti yāva sattamā kulaparivaṭṭā dhakaṃ ācikkhitvā etampaṭijaggāhīti āha. So sādhūti sampaṭicchitvā agāraṃ ajjhāvasanto ekadivasaṃ cintesi.
3三、他如是思维:“于后有结取再生,实则是苦;不论生在何处,身体皆终归坏灭。而我自身,正是有生法、有老法、有病法、有死法。既然如此,对于这样的我而言,理应追求无生、无老、无病、无死,安乐、清凉的涅槃。”如此思惟出离的因由之后,他又想到:“所有这些财富……”于是将财物全然布施给大众,带着修行资具,独自登上雪山,安住于精勤清净的苦行之处。仅仅数周,他便获得了神通与禅定,体证到极安、极妙的法喜。
3. Punabbhave paṭisaṇdhigahaṇaṃ tāma dukkhaṃ, tathā nibbatta nibbattaṭṭhāne sarīrabhedanaṃ ahañca jānidhammo jarādhammo vyādhidhammo maraṇadhammo. Evaṃ bhūtena mayā ajāti ajaraṃ avyādhiṃ amaraṇaṃ sukhaṃ sītalaṃ nibbānaṃ gavesituṃ vaṭṭatīti nekkhammakāraṇaṃ cintetvā puna cintesi imaṃ dhanaṃ sabbaṃ mayhaṃ pitu pitāmahādayo paralokaṃ gacchantā eka kahāpaṇampi gahetvā nagatā mayā pana gahetvā gamanakāraṇaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā mahājanassa dānaṃ datvā himavantassa pavisitvā tāpasa pabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā sattāhabbhantareyeva abhiññā ca samāpattiyo ca nibbattetva samāpattisukhena vītināmesi.
当时,燃灯世尊证得无上正自觉后,在菩提树附近住满七日,然后于苏难陀园转法轮,令十亿天与人得尝法味。如同四洲大云普降甘霖一般,他降注法雨,由四十万漏尽阿拉汉围绕,次第游行,来到喜乐城。城民们备好衣物、医药、香花等,以衣布花鬘迎接佛陀,顶礼佛足后坐于一旁听法。那时,佛陀施与法施后,便从座起,向南方离去。
Tadā dīpaṅkaro nāma satthā parayābhisambodhiṃ patvā satta sattāhaṃ bodhisamīpeceva vitināmetvā sunaṇdārāme dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā koṭisattānaṃ devamanussānaṃ dhammamataṃ pāyetvā cātuddīpika mahāmegho viya dhammavassaṃ vassento catūhi khīṇāsaya satasahassehi parivuto anupubbena cārakaṃ caramāno ramma nagaraṃ patvā sudassana mahāvihāre paṭivasati tadā rammanagaravāsino sappi phaṇitādīni bhesajjāni gahetvā puppha dhūpa gaṇdhahatthā yena buddho tenapasaṅkamitvā satthāraṃ vaṇditvā pupphādīhi pūjetvā ekamantaṃ nisīditvā dhammaṃ sutvā svātanāya bhagavantaṃ nimantetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā dasabalaṃ padakkhīnaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.
第二日,众人办了无与伦比的大布施,并清扫迎接十力者到来的道路。那时,善慧苦行者从自己的草庵出来,飞上天空,从喜乐城居民们的上方经过。看见他们兴高采烈地清理道路,他心想:“这是什么缘故?”便当着众人之面从空中落下,问道:“诸位,你们为什么清理道路?”众人回答:“尊敬的善慧,您难道不知道吗?已证得无上正自觉、转法轮的燃灯佛,正住在喜乐城的大寺院中,要到我们城里来了。我们为他清扫道路,迎接世尊。”善慧智者听后,心想:“佛陀出现世间极为难得,如来出世,真正稀有。”于是他对众人说:“如果你们要为佛陀清理道路,那也分给我一段,我也来清理。”
Te puna divase asadisa mahādānaṃ sajjetvā dasabalassa āgamana maggaṃ sodhenti. Tasmiṃ kāle sumedhatāpaso attano assama padato uggantvā rammanagaravāsīnaṃ tesaṃ manussānaṃ uparibhāgena ākāsena gacchantā te haṭṭhapahaṭṭhe maggaṃ sodhente disvā kinnu kho kāraṇanti cintento sabbesaṃ passantānaṃyeva ākāsato oru ekamante ṭhatthāyaha te manusse pucchi.’Hambho kassa pana imaṃ maggaṃ sodhethā’ti te āhaṃsu bhante sumedha tumhe kiṃ naṃ jānātha, dīpaṅkaro nāma satthā paramābhisambodhiṃ patvā pavattavara dhammacakko janapada cārikaṃ caramāno anukkamena amhākaṃ nagaraṃ patvā sudassana mahāvihāre paṭivasati. Mayaṃ taṃ bhagavantaṃ nimantayimha tassa bhagavato āgamanamaggaṃ sodhemāti. Taṃ sutvā sumedhapaṇḍito cintesi. Buddhoti kho panesa ghosopi dullabho, pageva buddhuppādo tena hi mayāpi imehi manussehi saddhiṃ dasabalassa āgamanamaggaṃ sodhetuṃ vaṭṭatīti so te manusse āha, sace bho tumhe imaṃ magga buddhassa sodhetha - sayahampi ekaṃ okāsaṃ sampaṭicchatvā ayaṃ sumedhapaṇḍito mahiddhiko mahānubhāvoti jānantā dubbisodhanaṃ udakasambhinnaṃ ativisamaṃ ekaṃ okāsaṃ sallakkhetvā imaṃ hakāsaṃ tumhe sodhetha. Alaṅkarothāti adaṃsu.
须弥陀智者生起以佛为所缘的喜悦,内心思惟:“我虽能以神通将此处变得极为庄严,但这并不能令我满足。今日,我应当以身体来承事。”于是他取来泥土,填平那处坑洼。然而,那里还未平整妥帖,他便将如同胜妙花般色泽的双层树皮衣铺上,宛如覆盖了宝石的圆盘;又解开头发铺散,犹如金顶佛塔遍洒庄严;披上红色树皮衣,穿上柔软细致的树皮衣,色泽纯净美好。他如金狮出洞,具足种种香药庄严,通达四无烦恼境界,众天人与菩萨环绕,诸圣天神陪伴,有大梵天护持,力量无边,神通奇妙,深不可测。须弥陀以精进修行,遵从清净之道,契合佛教,成就了通达佛道之行。
Sumedhapaṇḍito buddhārammaṇa pītiṃ uppādetvā cintesi. Ahampanimaṃ okāsaṃ iddhīyā paramadassanīya kātuṃ pahomi evaṃ kato pana maṃ na paritoseti ajja pana mayā kāyaveyyāvaccaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatiti paṃsuṃ āharitvā taṃ pahesaṃ pūreni, tassa pana tasmiṃ padese asodhite jayasumana kusuma sadisi vaṇṇaṃ dupaṭṭacīvaraṃ timaṇḍalaṃ paṭicchādetvā nivāsetvā tassupari yuṇṇamāpaṅgena kusumakalāpaṃ parakkhipanto viya vijjullatā sassīrīkaṃ kāyabaṇdhanaṃ baṇdhitvā kanaka girisikhara matthake lākhārasaṃ parisiñcante viya suvaṇṇacetiyaṃ pavāḷajālena parikkhipanto viya suvaṇṇaṅghakaṃ rattakambalena paṭimuñcanto viya sarada samaya rajanikaraṃ rattavalāhakena paṭicchādento viya ca lākhārasena tinna kiṃ sukaksumavaṇṇaṃ rattavara pasukūla cīvaraṃ pāripitvā gaṇdhakūgidva rato kanakaguhāto sīho viya nikkhamitvā jaḷabhiññānaṃyeva catūhi khīṇāsava satasahassehi parivuto amaragaṇa parivuto dasasatanayano viya brahmagaṇaparivuto mahā brahmā viya ca aparimita samaya samupacitāya kusalabalajanitāya anopamayā buddhalīlāya tārāgaṇaparivuto sarada samaya rajanikaro viya gaganatalaṃ alaṅgata paṭiyattaṃ maggaṃ paṭipajji.
5即使以坚定的意志沿着装饰、准备好的道路前行,那位名为燃灯的世尊,具足三十二种大人相,以八十随形好庄严,如帝青宝之色,于空中放出种种如闪电般的六彩佛光,光明显赫,映照周身。他审视自身:今日我应舍弃十力者的生命,世尊不要踏入泥中,请如同踏上宝石所成的桥一般,与四十万漏尽者一起,从我背上踏过而行,这对我将是长夜的利益与安乐。于是解开头发,将兽皮、结发、树皮衣铺在泥上,就在那泥地上躺下。躺下后,如果我愿意,烧尽一切烦恼,成为僧团新学,进入美丽之城;但以未知之相,烧尽烦恼,证得涅槃之事无有。不如我如燃灯十力者般证得无上正觉,令大众登上法船,渡越轮回海,然后般涅槃。此为我所应行。思虑此义,具足八法,为成佛而发愿,然后躺下。
5. Sumedhatāpasopi tena alaṅkata paṭiyattena maggena āgacchantassa dīpaṅkarassa bhagavato dvattiṃsa varalakkhaṇa patimaṇḍitaṃ asatiyā anubyañjanehi anubyañjitaṃ byāmappahāparikkhepa sassīrīkaṃ iṇdanīlamaṇisaṃkāsoākāse nānappakārā vijjullatā viya chabbaṇṇabuddharaṃsiyo vissajjentaṃ rūpaggappattaṃ attabhāvaṃ oloketvā ajja mayā dasabalassa jīvitapariccāgaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati mā bhagavā kalale akkami maṇimayaṃ lakasetuṃ akkamanto viya saddhiṃ catūhi khīṇāsava satasahassehi mama piṭṭhiṃ akkamanto gacchatu taṃ me bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyāti kese mocetvā ajinajaṭā vākacīrāni kalela pattharitvā tattheva kalalapiṭṭhe nipajji nipanno ca sace ahaṃ iccheyyaṃ sabbakilese jhāpetvā saṅghanavako hutvā rammanagaraṃ paviseyyaṃ aññātakavesena pana me kilese ṇdhapetvā nibbānapattiyā kiccaṃ natthi, yaṃnūnāhaṃ dīpaṅkara dasabalo viya paramābhisambodhiṃ patvā dhammanāvaṃ āropetvā mahājanaṃ saṃsārasāgarā uttāretvā pacchā parinibbāyeyyaṃ. Idaṃ me patirupanti cintetvā aṭṭhadhamme samodhānetvā buddhabhāvāya abhinīhāraṃ katvā nipajja.
燃灯世尊到来后,立于善慧智者头边,见彼苦行者躺在泥地上,便如是思量:“此苦行者是为成就佛道而发愿躺卧,他的誓愿究竟能否圆满?”当他了知“未来将有一位名为乔达摩的佛出世”后,便当场在众中授记道:“你们且看此人……”
Dīpaṅkaropi bhagavā āgattvā sumedhapaṇḍitassa sīsasāge ṭhatvā kalalapiṭṭhe nipannaṃ tāpasaṃ disvā ayaṃ tāpaso buddhatthāya abhinīhāraṃ katvā nipanto, ijjhissati nu kho etassa patthanā udāhu noti upadhārento - anāgate gotamo nāma buddho bhavissatīti ñatvā ṭhitakova parisa majjhe vyākāsi, passatha no tumhe bhikkhave imaṃ uggatapaṃ tāpasaṃ kalalapiṭṭhe nipannanti. Evaṃ bhante, ayaṃ yiddhatthāya abhinīhāraṃ katvā nipanno samijjhissati imassa patthatā kappasata sahassādhikānaṃ catuntaṃ asaṅkheyyānaṃ matthake gotamo nāma buddho bhavissatīti sabbaṃ vyākāsi.
此段记述出自《佛种姓》。
Vuttañhetaṃ buddhavaṃse.
燃灯佛是世间解、应受供养者。
立于我的床头,宣说此语:
Dīpaṅkaro lokavidū - āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho, Ussīsake maṃ ṭhatvāna - idaṃ vacanamabravi;
“你们看这位苦行者,这位束发、苦行极深的苦行者!于此后不可计量的劫数,他将成为佛陀。他将从可爱的迦毗罗卫城出离,成为如来。他精进努力后,完成了难行之行。”
Passatha imaṃ tāpasaṃ - jaṭila uggatāpasaṃ aparimeyye ito kappe - ayaṃ buddho bhavissati. Ahu kapilavahayā rammā - nikkhamitvā tathāgato. Padhānaṃ padahitvāna - katvā dukkara kārikaṃ
世尊在世间——有若干事,
Buddhe loke - keci.
于阿阇跋罗树根下,如来坐定,
于彼处取了乳粥,前往尼连禅河。
在尼连禅河岸边,取乳粥后,那位胜者
经由备好的殊胜之道,前往菩提树下,说:“来吧!”
右绕菩提道场已,无上胜者大名闻,
菩提树根下坐,当证无上正等觉。
Ajapāla rukkhamūlasmiṃ - nisīditvā tathāgato, Tattha pāyāsamaggayha - nerañjaramupeheti; Nerañjarāya tīramhi - pāyāsādāya so jino, Paṭiyattavaramaggena - bodhimūlañhi ehīti; Tato padakkhiṇaṃ katvā - bodhimaṇḍaṃ anuttaro Assattharākkhamūlamhi - vujjhissati mahāyaso;
其生母名为摩耶,父名净饭,此即乔达摩。彼二无漏离欲、心寂住定,
Imassajanikā mātā - māyā nāma bhavissati, pitā suddhodano nāma - ayaṃ hessati gotamo. Anāsavā vītarāgā - santacittā samāhitā,
果离达与伍巴帝萨,当为上首弟子。
阿难将成为侍者——他将侍奉这位胜者;
差摩与莲华色将成为最杰出的比丘尼;
无漏、离欲,内心寂静、安住定中;
Kolito upatisso ca - aggā hessanti sāvakā; Ānaṇdo nāmupaṭṭhāko - upaṭṭhissatī’maṃ jinaṃ; Khemā uppalavaṇṇā ca - aggā hessanti sāvikā; Anāsavā vītarāgā - santacittā samāhitā;
“菩提”即是世尊的究竟觉悟。
Bodhi tassa bhagavato assatthoti pavuccatī’’ti.