大乘理路考
13 段
大乘理趣之考察
Mahāyānikanayavicāraṇā
6又,他仅因这点小事便不满足,轻慢老师而这样说:“我想,作为大乘部派首要师长的马鸣与龙树的教理,乃至他们的名号,佛音恐怕都不知道吧。”然而,那只是极为不如法且毫无益处的呵责之言罢了。不能仅因他在自己的注释书中很少提及他部派的论义,便以为他不知。老师不是在诸阿含注释书的开篇就说过——
6. Puna so tāvattakenāpi asantuṭṭho ācariyaṃ avamaññanto evamāha – ‘‘mahāyānanikāyassa padhānācariyabhūtānaṃ assa ghosa-nāgajjunānaṃ nayaṃ vā, nāmamattampi vā tesaṃ na jānāti maññe buddhaghoso’’ti. Taṃ pana ativiya adhammikaṃ niratthakañca niggahavacanamattameva. Na hi nikāyantarikānaṃ vādanayānaṃ attano aṭṭhakathāyaṃ appakāsanena so te na jānātīti sakkā vattuṃ. Nanu ācariyena āgamaṭṭhakathāsu ganthārambheyeva –
不违时教,他们是长老——长老传承之明灯,
极善巧抉择者,住于大寺者
‘‘Samayaṃ avilomento, therānaṃ theravaṃsapadīpānaṃ; Sunipuṇavinicchayānaṃ, mahāvihāre nivāsina’’nti ca,
如《清净道论》中亦说:
Idhāpi visuddhimagge –
依止大寺住者之说示理趣,
我将讲述《清净道论》。
‘‘Mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ, desanānayanissitaṃ; Visuddhimaggaṃ bhāsissa’’nti ca,
为作其义释时,须入分别说者之领域,不谤师、不背自宗、不执他宗,不拒经、随顺律,观察大教法,阐明法、摄持义,同一义理更反复揭示,复以种种方便而作解说——义释当如是作。
‘‘Tassā atthasaṃvaṇṇanaṃ karontena vibhajjavādimaṇḍalaṃ otaritvā ācariye anabbhācikkhantena sakasamayaṃ avokkamantena parasamayaṃ anāyūhantena suttaṃ appaṭibāhantena vinayaṃ anulomentena mahāpadese olokentena dhammaṃ dīpentena atthaṃ saṅgāhentena tamevatthaṃ punarāvattetvā aparehipi pariyāyantarehi niddisantena ca yasmā atthasaṃvaṇṇanā kātabbā hotī’’ti ca,
而今此教法,乃以种种说示理趣为庄严;
前代师长之道,亦相续不绝而流传。
依止彼二者之义释故,
我今将着手于此。
‘‘Sāsanaṃ panidaṃ nānā-desanānayamaṇḍitaṃ; Pubbācariyamaggo ca, abbocchinno pavattati; Yasmā tasmā tadubhayaṃ, sannissāyatthavaṇṇanaṃ; Ārabhissāmi etassā’’ti ca,
作出承诺之后,便如所承诺的方式造作了这些注释书。如是,对于造作这些注释书的理由,此处亦应阐明。因此,现在为了阐明此义,将从正自觉者般涅槃时起,直至佛音尊者之时,叙述教法流传的次第。
Paṭiññaṃ katvā yathāpaṭiññātappakāreneva aṭṭhakathāyo katā. Evametāsaṃ karaṇe kāraṇampettha pakāsetabbaṃ, tasmā dāni tampakāsanatthaṃ sammāsambuddhassa parinibbutikālato paṭṭhāya yāva ācariyabuddhaghosassa kālo, tāva sāsanappavattikkamampi vakkhāma.
