其造作方法
6 段
造论的方式
Takkaraṇappakāro
“以何种方式造的呢?”在此,即是以紧接的前一问中所说的方式而造。诚如阿阇梨从《相应部》中
Kena pakārena katoti ettha anantarapañhe vuttappakāreneva kato. Tathā hi ācariyo saṃyuttanikāyato
具慧之人立于戒,修习心与慧;
精勤、善巧的比丘,能解开这缠结。”——
‘‘Sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño, cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayaṃ; Ātāpī nipako bhikkhu, so imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭa’’nti –
先出示此偈,然后将其中依精勤而说的戒、定、慧,各各分别详细解说而造论。他在造论时,又从五部尼柯耶中摘录与戒、定、慧相关的经文,以随顺锡兰注释的语言转换来显示其义,并阐明其中所说的锡兰故事与决断。尤其,在当时他还在众多处所,揭示并如理破斥了那些明显与自宗相违的其他宗义。是如何呢?
Imaṃ gāthaṃ paṭhamaṃ dassetvā tattha padhānavasena vuttā sīlasamādhipaññāyo visuṃ visuṃ vitthārato vibhajitvā akāsi. Evaṃ kurumāno ca pañcahipi nikāyehi sīlasamādhipaññāpaṭisaṃyuttāni suttapadāni uddharitvā tesaṃ atthañca sīhaḷaṭṭhakathāhi bhāsāparivattanavasena dassetvā tāsu vuttāni sīhaḷikavatthūni ca vinicchaye ca pakāsesi. Visesato pana tasmiṃ kāle pākaṭā sakasamayaviruddhā samayantarā ca bahūsu ṭhānesu dassetvā sahetukaṃ paṭikkhittā. Kathaṃ?
于此,在《行道注》中,先举出一类人的说法:“其中,先就三种行道而言,有一类人说:‘这三种行道以宿习为因,并以界与过患为因。据说,过去世多作可意加行与善业者,成为贪行者,或从天界死后生于此。过去世多作砍杀、捶打、捆绑、怨仇之业者,成为嗔行者,或从地狱、龙界死后生于此。过去世多饮酒、少闻少问者,成为痴行者,或从畜生界死后生于此。’他们如此说‘以宿习为因’。又说:‘由于地界与水界两种界增盛,人为痴行者;由于其他两种界增盛,为嗔行者;当一切界都均等时,则为贪行者。在过患方面,痰盛者为贪行者,风盛者为痴行者,或者痰盛者为痴行者,风盛者为贪行者。’他们如此说‘以界与过患为因’。”之后,他对此破斥道:“对于此说,因为过去世虽多作可意加行与善业、或从天界死后生于此者,并非全都成为贪行者,嗔、痴行者也是如此。同样,对于界,也没有像他们所说的那种决定的增盛关系。而在过患的决定中,只提到了贪与痴两者,并且这本身就前后相违。因此,这一切皆为不决定之说。”这在名为《第一义宝函》的《清净道大注》中,被注释为:“‘一类人’是指优波底沙长老,因为他在《
Tattha hi cariyāvaṇṇanāyaṃ ‘‘tatra purimā tāva tisso cariyā pubbāciṇṇanidānā dhātudosanidānā cāti ekacce vadanti. Pubbe kira iṭṭhappayogasubhakammabahulo rāgacarito hoti, saggā vā cavitvā idhūpapanno. Pubbe chedanavadhabandhanaverakammabahulo dosacarito hoti, nirayanāgayonīhi vā cavitvā idhūpapanno. Pubbe majjapānabahulo sutaparipucchāvihīno ca mohacarito hoti, tiracchānayoniyā vā cavitvā idhūpapannoti evaṃ pubbāciṇṇanidānāti vadanti. Dvinnaṃ pana dhātūnaṃ ussannattā puggalo mohacarito hoti pathavīdhātuyā ca āpodhātuyā ca. Itarāsaṃ dvinnaṃ ussannattā dosacarito. Sabbāsaṃ samattā pana rāgacaritoti. Dosesu ca semhādhiko rāgacarito hoti. Vātādhiko mohacarito. Semhādhiko vā mohacarito. Vātādhiko rāgacaritoti evaṃ dhātudosanidānāti vadantī’’ti ekaccevādaṃ dassetvā so ‘‘tattha yasmā pubbe iṭṭhappayogasubhakammabahulāpi saggā cavitvā idhūpapannāpi ca na sabbe rāgacaritāneva honti, na itare vā dosamohacaritā. Evaṃ dhātūnañca yathāvutteneva nayena ussadaniyamo nāma natthi. Dosaniyame ca rāgamohadvayameva vuttaṃ, tampi ca pubbāparaviruddhameva. Tasmā sabbametaṃ aparicchinnavacana’’nti paṭikkhitto. Taṃ paramatthamañjūsāya nāma visuddhimaggamahāṭīkāyaṃ ‘‘ekacceti upatissattheraṃ sandhāyāha, tena hi vimuttimagge tathā vutta’’ntiādinā vaṇṇitaṃ .
