2. 阿毗达摩分别
2. Abhidhammabhājanīyaṃ
2. 处分别 · 33 段
155十二处——眼处、耳处、鼻处、舌处、身处、意处、色处、声处、香处、味处、触处、法处。
Dvādasāyatanāni – cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ, rūpāyatanaṃ, saddāyatanaṃ, gandhāyatanaṃ, rasāyatanaṃ, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ, dhammāyatanaṃ.
156其中,什么是眼处?凡是依四大种而有的眼净色,被包摄于个体中,无见有对,以那无见有对的眼,见了、正见、将见或应见有见有对的色,这即是眼,这即是眼处,这即是眼界,这即是眼根,这即是世间,这即是门,这即是海,这即是白净,这即是田,这即是所依,这即是导者,这即是引导者,这即是此岸,这即是空村。这被称为“眼处”。
Tattha katamaṃ cakkhāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ cakkhu catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo attabhāvapariyāpanno anidassano sappaṭigho, yena cakkhunā anidassanena sappaṭighena rūpaṃ sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ passi vā passati vā passissati vā passe vā, cakkhumpetaṃ cakkhāyatanampetaṃ cakkhudhātupesā cakkhundriyampetaṃ lokopeso dvārāpesā samuddopeso paṇḍarampetaṃ khettampetaṃ vatthumpetaṃ nettampetaṃ nayanampetaṃ orimaṃ tīrampetaṃ suñño gāmopeso. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘cakkhāyatanaṃ’’ .
157其中,什么是耳处?凡是依四大种而有的耳净色,被包摄于个体中,无见有对,以那无见有对的耳,听了、正听、将听或应听无见有对的声,这即是耳,这即是耳处,这即是耳界,这即是耳根,这即是世间,这即是门,这即是海,这即是白净,这即是田,这即是所依,这即是此岸,这即是空村。这被称为“耳处”。
Tattha katamaṃ sotāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ sotaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo attabhāvapariyāpanno anidassano sappaṭigho, yena sotena anidassanena sappaṭighena saddaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ suṇi vā suṇāti vā suṇissati vā suṇe vā, sotampetaṃ sotāyatanampetaṃ sotadhātupesā sotindriyampetaṃ lokopeso dvārāpesā samuddopeso paṇḍarampetaṃ khettampetaṃ vatthumpetaṃ orimaṃ tīrampetaṃ suñño gāmopeso. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘sotāyatanaṃ’’.
158其中,什么是鼻处?凡是依四大种而有的鼻净色,被包摄于个体中,无见有对,以那无见有对的鼻,嗅了、正嗅、将嗅或应嗅无见有对的香,这即是鼻,这即是鼻处,这即是鼻界,这即是鼻根,这即是世间,这即是门,这即是海,这即是白净,这即是田,这即是所依,这即是此岸,这即是空村。这被称为“鼻处”。
Tattha katamaṃ ghānāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ ghānaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo attabhāvapariyāpanno anidassano sappaṭigho, yena ghānena anidassanena sappaṭighena gandhaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ ghāyi vā ghāyati vā ghāyissati vā ghāye vā, ghānampetaṃ ghānāyatanampetaṃ ghānadhātupesā ghānindriyampetaṃ lokopeso dvārāpesā samuddopeso paṇḍarampetaṃ khettampetaṃ vatthumpetaṃ orimaṃ tīrampetaṃ suñño gāmopeso. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘ghānāyatanaṃ’’.
159于此,什么是舌处?凡是依四大种而有的舌净色,被包摄于个体中,无见有对,以那无见有对的舌,尝了、正尝、将尝或应尝无见有对的味,这是舌,这是舌处,这是舌界,这是舌根,这是世间,这是门,这是海,这是白净,这是田,这是所依,这是此岸,这是空村。这被称为“舌处”。
Tattha katamaṃ jivhāyatanaṃ? Yā jivhā catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo attabhāvapariyāpanno anidassano sappaṭigho, yāya jivhāya anidassanāya sappaṭighāya rasaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ sāyi vā sāyati vā sāyissati vā sāye vā, jivhāpesā jivhāyatanampetaṃ jivhādhātupesā jīvhindriyampetaṃ lokopeso dvārāpesā samuddopeso paṇḍarampetaṃ khettampetaṃ vatthumpetaṃ orimaṃ tīrampetaṃ suñño gāmopeso. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘jivhāyatanaṃ’’.
160于此,什么是身处?凡是依四大种而有的身净色,被包摄于个体中,无见有对,以那无见有对的身,触了、正触、将触或应触无见有对的所触,这是身,这是身处,这是身界,这是身根,这是世间,这是门,这是海,这是白净,这是田,这是所依,这是此岸,这是空村。这被称为“身处”。
Tattha katamaṃ kāyāyatanaṃ? Yo kāyo catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo attabhāvapariyāpanno anidassano sappaṭigho, yena kāyena anidassanena sappaṭighena phoṭṭhabbaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ phusi vā phusati vā phusissati vā phuse vā, kāyopeso kāyāyatanampetaṃ kāyadhātupesā kāyindriyampetaṃ lokopeso dvārāpesā samuddopeso paṇḍarampetaṃ khettampetaṃ vatthumpetaṃ orimaṃ tīrampetaṃ suñño gāmopeso. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘kāyāyatanaṃ’’.
161于此,什么是意处?以一种方式的意处——与触相应的。
Tattha katamaṃ manāyatanaṃ? Ekavidhena manāyatanaṃ – phassasampayuttaṃ.
以二种方式的意处——有因的,无因的。
Duvidhena manāyatanaṃ – atthi sahetukaṃ, atthi ahetukaṃ.
意处有三种:有善、有不善、有无记。
Tividhena manāyatanaṃ – atthi kusalaṃ, atthi akusalaṃ, atthi abyākataṃ.
意处有四种:有欲界、有色界、有无色界、有不被包摄。
Catubbidhena manāyatanaṃ – atthi kāmāvacaraṃ, atthi rūpāvacaraṃ, atthi arūpāvacaraṃ, atthi apariyāpannaṃ.
意处有五种:有与乐根相应、与苦根相应、与喜根相应、与忧根相应、与舍根相应。
Pañcavidhena manāyatanaṃ – atthi sukhindriyasampayuttaṃ, atthi dukkhindriyasampayuttaṃ, atthi somanassindriyasampayuttaṃ, atthi domanassindriyasampayuttaṃ, atthi upekkhindriyasampayuttaṃ.
意处有六种:眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意识。这就是六种意处。
Chabbidhena manāyatanaṃ – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ. Evaṃ chabbidhena manāyatanaṃ.
意处有七种:眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意界、意识界。这就是七种意处。
Sattavidhena manāyatanaṃ – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manodhātu, manoviññāṇadhātu. Evaṃ sattavidhena manāyatanaṃ.
意处有八种:眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识有与乐俱行的,有与苦俱行的,意界、意识界。这就是八种意处。
Aṭṭhavidhena manāyatanaṃ – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ atthi sukhasahagataṃ, atthi dukkhasahagataṃ, manodhātu, manoviññāṇadhātu. Evaṃ aṭṭhavidhena manāyatanaṃ.
以九种方式说意处——眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识、意界、意识界,有善的,有不善的,有无记的。如是以九种方式说意处。
Navavidhena manāyatanaṃ – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manodhātu, manoviññāṇadhātu atthi kusalaṃ, atthi akusalaṃ, atthi abyākataṃ. Evaṃ navavidhena manāyatanaṃ.
以十种意处——眼识、耳识、鼻识、舌识、身识有与乐俱行的,有与苦俱行的,意界、意识界有善的,有不善的,有无记的。如此以十种意处。
Dasavidhena manāyatanaṃ – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ atthi sukhasahagataṃ, atthi dukkhasahagataṃ, manodhātu, manoviññāṇadhātu atthi kusalaṃ, atthi akusalaṃ, atthi abyākataṃ. Evaṃ dasavidhena manāyatanaṃ.
以一种意处——与触相应的。
Ekavidhena manāyatanaṃ – phassasampayuttaṃ.
以二种意处——有有因的,有无因的。
Duvidhena manāyatanaṃ – atthi sahetukaṃ, atthi ahetukaṃ.
以三种意处——有与乐受相应的,有与苦受相应的,有与不苦不乐受相应的……(中略)……如此以多种意处。这称为“意处”。
Tividhena manāyatanaṃ – atthi sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttaṃ, atthi dukkhāya vedanāya sampayuttaṃ, atthi adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya sampayuttaṃ…pe…. Evaṃ bahuvidhena manāyatanaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘manāyatanaṃ’’.
162于此,什么是色处?凡依四大种的色之显现,有见有对,青、黄、赤、白、黑、茜色、绿、绿色、芒果芽色、长、短、微、粗、圆、圆形、四方、六角、八角、十六角、低、高、影、日光、光、暗、云、雾、烟、尘、月轮的显现、日轮的显现、星辰色的显现、镜面的显现、珠贝珍珠琉璃的显现、金银的显现,或者凡其他任何依四大种的色之显现,有见有对,凡色是有见有对的,以眼无见有对的已见、正见、将见或应见,这是色,这是色处,这是色界。这称为“色处”。
Tattha katamaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ? Yaṃ rūpaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ nīlaṃ pītakaṃ lohitakaṃ odātaṃ kāḷakaṃ mañjiṭṭhakaṃ hari harivaṇṇaṃ ambaṅkuravaṇṇaṃ dīghaṃ rassaṃ aṇuṃ thūlaṃ vaṭṭaṃ parimaṇḍalaṃ caturassaṃ chaḷaṃsaṃ aṭṭhaṃsaṃ soḷasaṃsaṃ ninnaṃ thalaṃ chāyā ātapo āloko andhakāro abbhā mahikā dhūmo rajo candamaṇḍalassa vaṇṇanibhā sūriyamaṇḍalassa vaṇṇanibhā tārakarūpānaṃ vaṇṇanibhā ādāsamaṇḍalassa vaṇṇanibhā maṇisaṅkhamuttaveḷuriyassa vaṇṇanibhā jātarūparajatassa vaṇṇanibhā, yaṃ vā panaññampi atthi rūpaṃ catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya vaṇṇanibhā sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ, yaṃ rūpaṃ sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ cakkhunā anidassanena sappaṭighena passi vā passati vā passissati vā passe vā, rūpampetaṃ rūpāyatanampetaṃ rūpadhātupesā. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘rūpāyatanaṃ’’.
163于此,什么是声处?凡是依四大种的声,无见有对,鼓声、腰鼓声、螺声、小鼓声、歌声、奏乐声、击打声、拍手声、有情的发声、界的撞击声、风声、水声、人声、非人声,或者任何其他依四大种的声,无见有对,凡是无见有对的声,以无见有对的耳已听、正听、将听或应听,这是声,这是声处,这是声界。这被称为“声处”。
Tattha katamaṃ saddāyatanaṃ? Yo saddo catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya anidassano sappaṭigho bherisaddo mudiṅgasaddo saṅkhasaddo paṇavasaddo gītasaddo vāditasaddo sammasaddo pāṇisaddo sattānaṃ nigghosasaddo dhātūnaṃ sannighātasaddo vātasaddo udakasaddo manussasaddo amanussasaddo, yo vā panaññopi atthi saddo catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya anidassano sappaṭigho, yaṃ saddaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ sotena anidassanena sappaṭighena suṇi vā suṇāti vā suṇissati vā suṇe vā, saddopeso saddāyatanampetaṃ saddadhātupesā. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘saddāyatanaṃ’’.
164于此,什么是香处?凡是依四大种的香,无见有对,根香、心材香、皮香、叶香、花香、果香、生香、秽香、好香、恶香,或者任何其他依四大种的香,无见有对;凡是无见有对的香,以无见有对的鼻已嗅、正嗅、将嗅或应嗅,这是香,这是香处,这是香界。这被称为“香处”。
Tattha katamaṃ gandhāyatanaṃ? Yo gandho catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya anidassano sappaṭigho mūlagandho sāragandho tacagandho pattagandho pupphagandho phalagandho āmagandho vissagandho sugandho duggandho, yo vā panaññopi atthi gandho catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya anidassano sappaṭigho , yaṃ gandhaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ ghānena anidassanena sappaṭighena ghāyi vā ghāyati vā ghāyissati vā ghāye vā, gandhopeso gandhāyatanampetaṃ gandhadhātupesā. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘gandhāyatanaṃ’’.
165于此,什么是味处?凡是依四大种的味,无见有对,根味、茎味、皮味、叶味、花味、果味、酸、甜、苦、辣、咸、碱、涩、淡、美味、不美味,或者任何其他依四大种的味,无见有对,凡是无见有对的味,以无见有对的舌已尝、正尝、将尝或应尝,这是味,这是味处,这是味界。这被称为“味处”。
Tattha katamaṃ rasāyatanaṃ? Yo raso catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya anidassano sappaṭigho mūlaraso khandharaso tacaraso pattaraso puppharaso phalaraso ambilaṃ madhuraṃ tittakaṃ kaṭukaṃ loṇikaṃ khārikaṃ lambikaṃ kasāvo sādu asādu, yo vā panaññopi atthi raso catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya anidassano sappaṭigho, yaṃ rasaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ jivhāya anidassanāya sappaṭighāya sāyi vā sāyati vā sāyissati vā sāye vā, rasopeso rasāyatanampetaṃ rasadhātupesā. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘rasāyatanaṃ’’.
166于此,什么是触处?地界、火界、风界,硬、软、滑、粗、乐触、苦触、重、轻,凡是触,无见有对,被身无见有对所触、或触、或将触、或触了,这被称为触,这是触处,这是触界。这被称为“触处”。
Tattha katamaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ? Pathavīdhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātu kakkhaḷaṃ mudukaṃ saṇhaṃ pharusaṃ sukhasamphassaṃ dukkhasamphassaṃ garukaṃ lahukaṃ, yaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ kāyena anidassanena sappaṭighena phusi vā phusati vā phusissati vā phuse vā, phoṭṭhabbopeso phoṭṭhabbāyatanampetaṃ phoṭṭhabbadhātupesā. Idaṃ vuccati ‘‘phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ’’.
167于此,什么是法处?受蕴、想蕴、行蕴,以及无见无对、法处所摄的色,以及无为界。
Tattha katamaṃ dhammāyatanaṃ? Vedanākkhandho, saññākkhandho, saṅkhārakkhandho, yañca rūpaṃ anidassanaappaṭighaṃ dhammāyatanapariyāpannaṃ, asaṅkhatā ca dhātu.
于此,什么是受蕴?以一种分类,受蕴——与触相应。以二种分类,受蕴——有因的,无因的。以三种分类,受蕴——有善的,有不善的,有无记的……如是以十种分类,受蕴……如是以多种分类,受蕴。这被称为“受蕴”。
Tattha katamo vedanākkhandho? Ekavidhena vedanākkhandho – phassasampayutto. Duvidhena vedanākkhandho – atthi sahetuko, atthi ahetuko. Tividhena vedanākkhandho – atthi kusalo, atthi akusalo, atthi abyākato…pe… evaṃ dasavidhena vedanākkhandho…pe… evaṃ bahuvidhena vedanākkhandho. Ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘vedanākkhandho’’.
于此,什么是想蕴?以一种分类,想蕴——与触相应。以二种分类,想蕴——有有因的,有无因的。以三种分类,想蕴——有善的,有不善的,有无记的……如是以十种分类,想蕴……如是以多种分类,想蕴。这被称为“想蕴”。
Tattha katamo saññākkhandho? Ekavidhena saññākkhandho – phassasampayutto. Duvidhena saññākkhandho – atthi sahetuko, atthi ahetuko. Tividhena saññākkhandho – atthi kusalo, atthi akusalo, atthi abyākato…pe… evaṃ dasavidhena saññākkhandho…pe… evaṃ bahuvidhena saññākkhandho. Ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘saññākkhandho’’.
于此,什么是行蕴?以一种分类,行蕴——与心相应。以二种分类,行蕴——有是因的,有非因的。以三种分类,行蕴——有善的,有不善的,有无记的……如是以十种分类,行蕴……如是以多种分类,行蕴。这被称为“行蕴”。
Tattha katamo saṅkhārakkhandho? Ekavidhena saṅkhārakkhandho – cittasampayutto. Duvidhena saṅkhārakkhandho – atthi hetu, atthi na hetu. Tividhena saṅkhārakkhandho – atthi kusalo, atthi akusalo, atthi abyākato…pe… evaṃ dasavidhena saṅkhārakkhandho…pe… evaṃ bahuvidhena saṅkhārakkhandho. Ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘saṅkhārakkhandho’’.
于此,什么是无见无对、法处所摄的色?女根、男根……(中略)……段食。这被称为“无见无对、法处所摄的色”。
Tattha katamaṃ rūpaṃ anidassanaappaṭighaṃ dhammāyatanapariyāpannaṃ? Itthindriyaṃ purisindriyaṃ…pe… kabaḷīkāro āhāro. Idaṃ vuccati rūpaṃ ‘‘anidassanaappaṭighaṃ dhammāyatanapariyāpannaṃ’’.
于此,什么是无为界?贪的灭尽、嗔的灭尽、痴的灭尽——这被称为“无为界”。
Tattha katamā asaṅkhatā dhātu? Rāgakkhayo , dosakkhayo, mohakkhayo – ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘asaṅkhatā dhātu’’.