1. 第一品显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamavaggo
4. 魔相应显示巴利原文
4. Mārasaṃyuttaṃ
1. 第一品显示巴利原文
1. Paṭhamavaggo
苦行经显示巴利原文
1. Tapokammasuttaṃ
137 如是我闻:一时,世尊初成正觉,住于优楼频螺的尼连禅河边,牧羊人的榕树下。那时,世尊独处静坐,心中生起如是思惟:“我确实从那艰难的苦行中解脱了。善哉,我确实从那种无益、艰辛的苦行中解脱了。善哉,我已解脱,证得觉悟。”显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘mutto vatamhi tāya dukkarakārikāya. Sādhu mutto vatamhi tāya anatthasaṃhitāya dukkarakārikāya. Sādhu vatamhi mutto bodhiṃ samajjhaga’’nti .
那时,恶魔波旬以心感知世尊的心念,便来到世尊面前,以偈颂对他说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
你离开了苦行——人们正是藉由苦行来净化自身的——;
你本不清净,却自以为清净;你已偏离了清净之道。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Tapokammā apakkamma, yena na sujjhanti māṇavā; Asuddho maññasi suddho, suddhimaggā aparaddho’’ ti.
那时,世尊了知“此是魔罗波旬”,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说道:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
他明白:一切号称“不死”的苦行,皆与无益相伴,
全无利益,犹如在旱地上摇桨掌舵。
修习戒、定、慧,这导向觉悟之道,
我已证得无上清净,你已被击败,死神!
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Anatthasaṃhitaṃ ñatvā, yaṃ kiñci amaraṃ tapaṃ ; Sabbaṃ natthāvahaṃ hoti, phiyārittaṃva dhammani . ‘‘Sīlaṃ samādhi paññañca, maggaṃ bodhāya bhāvayaṃ; Pattosmi paramaṃ suddhiṃ, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊已了知我!善逝已了知我!”他痛苦、懊恼,当场消失不见了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
第二 象王赞经显示巴利原文
2. Hatthirājavaṇṇasuttaṃ
138 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在优楼频螺的尼连禅河岸边牧羊人的榕树下。那时,魔罗波旬已跟随世尊整整七年,伺机寻找可乘之漏,却始终无机可乘。于是,魔罗波旬来到世尊面前,以偈颂对世尊说道:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhe. Tena kho pana samayena māro pāpimā sattavassāni bhagavantaṃ anubandho hoti otārāpekkho otāraṃ alabhamāno. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
你于漫长的轮回中,变化出种种美丑的形相;
够了,波旬!你已被击溃,你这死神啊。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, vaṇṇaṃ katvā subhāsubhaṃ; Alaṃ te tena pāpima, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
这时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认出了我,善逝认出了我。”他忧愁、沮丧,就在原地消失了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
3. 苏巴经显示巴利原文
3. Subhasuttaṃ
139 如是我闻:一时,世尊住于优楼频螺的尼连禅河畔,阿阇波罗榕树下,初成正觉。那时,世尊在漆黑的暗夜中,正于露天端坐,天空飘落着细雨。当时,魔罗波旬欲令世尊生起恐惧、战栗与身毛竖立,便向世尊走近。走近后,于距世尊不远处,他显现出种种高低、美丑的形色。这时,世尊了知:“此是魔罗波旬。”便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho māro pāpimā, bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre uccāvacā vaṇṇanibhā upadaṃseti, subhā ceva asubhā ca. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
在漫长的轮回中流转,你幻化出种种美与丑的容貌;
够了,波旬!你已被击败,你这终结者啊。
凡是以身、以语、以意,善加防护的人,
他们不堕魔罗的掌控,也非魔罗所缚之人。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, vaṇṇaṃ katvā subhāsubhaṃ; Alaṃ te tena pāpima, nihato tvamasi antaka. ‘‘Ye ca kāyena vācāya, manasā ca susaṃvutā; Na te māravasānugā, na te mārassa baddhagū’’ ti.
那时,魔罗……便在那里隐没不现。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
魔索第一经显示巴利原文
4. Paṭhamamārapāsasuttaṃ
140 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘。”“尊者。”诸比丘回应世尊。世尊这样说:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
“诸比丘,我由如理作意、如理正勤,证得并亲证了无上解脱。你们诸比丘也应由如理作意、如理正勤,去证得并亲证无上解脱。”这时,魔罗波旬来到世尊面前,以偈颂对他说:显示巴利原文
‘‘Mayhaṃ kho, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā yoniso sammappadhānā anuttarā vimutti anuppattā, anuttarā vimutti sacchikatā. Tumhepi, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā yoniso sammappadhānā anuttaraṃ vimuttiṃ anupāpuṇātha, anuttaraṃ vimuttiṃ sacchikarothā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“你已被魔罗的罗网所缚,无论是天上的还是人间的。”
我已从魔网中解脱,无论是天界的网罗,还是人间的网罗;
我已从魔的束缚中解脱,终结者,你已被击败了!
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Baddhosi mārapāsena, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā; Mārabandhanabaddhosi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Muttāhaṃ mārapāsena, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā; Mārabandhanamuttomhi, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬……便于该处消失无踪。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
第二 魔罗的陷阱经显示巴利原文
5. Dutiyamārapāsasuttaṃ
141 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在波罗奈的仙人堕处鹿野苑。于此,世尊对众比丘说:“诸比丘。”“尊者。”那些比丘回应世尊。世尊如是说——显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
诸比丘,我已从一切罗网中解脱,无论是天界的还是人间的。诸比丘,你们也已从一切罗网中解脱,无论是天界的还是人间的。诸比丘,为了大众的利益与安乐,出于对世间的悲悯,为诸天与人的福祉、利益与安乐,你们去游行吧。莫两人同行一道。去宣说那初善、中善、后善,文义具足的法;去彰显完全圆满、清净的梵行。有些众生尘垢稀薄,因不听闻法而退失,他们将成为法的了知者。诸比丘,我也将前往优楼频螺的斯那尼村,为了说法。'那时,魔罗波旬来到世尊那里,走近后以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
‘‘Muttāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sabbapāsehi ye dibbā ye ca mānusā. Tumhepi, bhikkhave, muttā sabbapāsehi ye dibbā ye ca mānusā. Caratha, bhikkhave, cārikaṃ bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Mā ekena dve agamittha. Desetha, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāsetha. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti. Bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro. Ahampi, bhikkhave, yena uruvelā senānigamo tenupasaṅkamissāmi dhammadesanāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“你被天界与人间的一切罗网所缚;”
“你已为大系缚所牢牢束缚,沙门,你无法逃脱。”
“我从天上人间的一切束缚中解脱,”
“我已从巨大的缠缚中解脱。终结者,你已被击败。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Baddhosi sabbapāsehi, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā; Mahābandhanabaddhosi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Muttāhaṃ sabbapāsehi, ye dibbā ye ca mānusā; Mahābandhanamuttomhi, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬便就地隐没。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
6. 蛇经显示巴利原文
6. Sappasuttaṃ
142 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城的竹林松鼠园。那时,世尊在深夜的黑暗中,于露天处静坐,天空正下着细雨。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati.
那时,魔罗波旬想要让世尊心生恐惧、惊慌、毛发竖立,便化作一条巨大的蛇王形象,向世尊走来。它的身躯就如同一艘用整棵树凿成的大船;颈部膨起犹如大酒筛;双眼犹如科萨利国的大铜盘;口中伸缩的舌头,如同暴雨时乌云中迸发的闪电;它的呼吸声,便如同铁匠拉动的风箱发出的声响。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo mahantaṃ sapparājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Seyyathāpi nāma mahatī ekarukkhikā nāvā, evamassa kāyo hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma mahantaṃ soṇḍikākiḷañjaṃ, evamassa phaṇo hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma mahatī kosalikā kaṃsapāti, evamassa akkhīni bhavanti. Seyyathāpi nāma deve gaḷagaḷāyante vijjullatā niccharanti, evamassa mukhato jivhā niccharati. Seyyathāpi nāma kammāragaggariyā dhamamānāya saddo hoti, evamassa assāsapassāsānaṃ saddo hoti.
那时,世尊了知“此是魔罗波旬”,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
那自制牟尼亲近空屋,舍离后以此为住处,实与彼相应。纵使那里有众多爬虫,蝇蚋与蛇类,
那自制牟尼,于此亦不动摇。此乃殊胜。
虽有众多游走可怖之物,众多恐怖之物,
纵使虻虫蛇蟒众多,
于彼处,毫毛亦不动摇。
纵使苍天崩裂,大地动摇,
一切众生悉皆惊惶;
纵使利箭直刺胸膛,
诸佛不以依着为庇护。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yo suññagehāni sevati, Seyyo so muni attasaññato; Vossajja careyya tattha so, Patirūpañhi tathāvidhassa taṃ. ‘‘Carakā bahū bheravā bahū, Atho ḍaṃsasarīsapā bahū; Lomampi na tattha iñjaye, Suññāgāragato mahāmuni. ‘‘Nabhaṃ phaleyya pathavī caleyya, Sabbepi pāṇā uda santaseyyuṃ; Sallampi ce urasi pakappayeyyuṃ, Upadhīsu tāṇaṃ na karonti buddhā’’ti.
这时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认出了我,善逝认出了我。”他痛苦、沮丧,便于彼处隐没不见。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
《善眠经》显示巴利原文
7. Supatisuttaṃ
143 有一次,世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀园。那时,世尊在露天中经行了大半夜,到破晓时分,洗净双足,进入住所,右侧作狮子卧,双脚交叠,正念正知,作意起身想。这时,魔罗波旬来到世尊面前,以偈颂对他说:显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho bhagavā bahudevarattiṃ abbhokāse caṅkamitvā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ pāde pakkhāletvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Kiṃ soppasi kiṃ nu soppasi, Kimidaṃ soppasi dubbhago viya; Suññamagāranti soppasi, Kimidaṃ soppasi sūriye uggate’’ti. ‘‘Yassa jālinī visattikā, Taṇhā natthi kuhiñci netave; Sabbūpadhiparikkhayā buddho, Soppati kiṃ tavettha mārā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬……便在那个地方消失无踪。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
8. 欢喜经显示巴利原文
8. Nandatisuttaṃ
144 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城祇树给孤独园。那时,魔罗波旬来至世尊处,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
有子女的人,因子女而欢喜;有牛的人,同样因牛而欢喜。
有子女的人,因子女而忧愁;有牛的人,同样因牛而忧愁。
众生的忧愁,确实来自依着;而无有依着的人,便无忧愁。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Nandati puttehi puttimā, gomā gobhi tatheva nandati; Upadhīhi narassa nandanā, na hi so nandati yo nirūpadhī’’ti. ‘‘Socati puttehi puttimā, gomā gobhi tatheva socati; Upadhīhi narassa socanā, na hi so socati yo nirūpadhī’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬知道:‘世尊认出了我!善逝认出了我!’便痛苦而沮丧,当即消失于该处。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
其摄颂如下:显示巴利原文
Tassuddānaṃ –
9. 寿命经显示巴利原文
9. Paṭhamaāyusuttaṃ
145 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城的竹园松鼠栖息处。那时,具寿瞿低迦住于伊师耆利山侧的黑石之处。当时,具寿瞿低迦不放逸、精勤、心志坚定地安住,证得了暂时的心解脱。而后,具寿瞿低迦又从这暂时的心解脱中退堕。第二次,具寿瞿低迦不放逸、精勤、心志坚定地安住,证得了暂时的心解脱。第二次,具寿瞿低迦又从这暂时的心解脱中退堕。第三次,具寿瞿低迦不放逸、精勤、心志坚定地安住,证得了暂时的心解脱。第三次,具寿瞿低迦同样从中退堕。第四次,具寿瞿低迦不放逸……证得了心解脱。第四次,具寿瞿低迦又从……退堕。第五次,具寿瞿低迦……证得了暂时的心解脱。第五次,具寿……又从这心解脱中退堕。第六次,具寿瞿低迦不放逸、精勤、心志坚定地安住,证得了暂时的心解脱。第六次,具寿瞿低迦又从这暂时的心解脱中退堕。第七次,具寿瞿低迦不放逸、精勤、心志坚定地安住,证得了暂时的心解脱。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā godhiko isigilipasse viharati kāḷasilāyaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Atha kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi . Dutiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā…pe… parihāyi. Catutthampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto…pe… vimuttiṃ phusi . Catutthampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā…pe… parihāyi. Pañcamampi kho āyasmā godhiko…pe… cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Pañcamampi kho āyasmā…pe… vimuttiyā parihāyi. Chaṭṭhampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi. Chaṭṭhampi kho āyasmā godhiko tamhā sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihāyi. Sattamampi kho āyasmā godhiko appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto sāmayikaṃ cetovimuttiṃ phusi.
“诸比丘,人的寿命何其短暂。来生是必去之处,应当行持善法,应当修习梵行。凡有生者,无有不死。诸比丘,纵使活得长久,也不过百年,或百年稍余。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Appamidaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ āyu. Gamanīyo samparāyo, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ, caritabbaṃ brahmacariyaṃ. Natthi jātassa amaraṇaṃ. Yo, bhikkhave, ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo’’ti.
那时,恶魔波旬来到世尊前,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“人类的寿命漫长,善人不应轻视它;
应如乳婴般生活,死亡尚未到来。”
人的寿命极其短促,真正的善者鄙弃它;
应当像头顶着火一般急切地过活,因为死亡必定到来。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Dīghamāyu manussānaṃ, na naṃ hīḷe suporiso; Careyya khīramattova, natthi maccussa āgamo’’ti. ‘‘Appamāyu manussānaṃ, hīḷeyya naṃ suporiso; Careyyādittasīsova, natthi maccussa nāgamo’’ti.
那时,魔罗……便在那里隐没不见了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
10. 第二寿命经显示巴利原文
10. Dutiyaāyusuttaṃ
146 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城的竹林迦兰陀园。那时,世尊对比丘们说:“诸比丘。”诸比丘回答:“尊者。”世尊这样说道:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
“诸比丘,人的寿命实在短暂。前路即是来世,应当行于善法,应当修习梵行。已生之人,无有不死者。诸比丘,纵使活得长久,也不过百年,或多出些许。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Appamidaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ āyu. Gamanīyo samparāyo, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ, caritabbaṃ brahmacariyaṃ. Natthi jātassa amaraṇaṃ. Yo, bhikkhave, ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬来到世尊面前,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“昼夜并不流逝,寿命亦不中断;
凡夫的寿命持续流转,犹如轮辋绕车毂。”
日夜流逝,生命猝然中断;
凡人的寿命耗尽,犹如小河的流水。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Nāccayanti ahorattā, jīvitaṃ nūparujjhati; Āyu anupariyāyati, maccānaṃ nemīva rathakubbara’’nti. ‘‘Accayanti ahorattā, jīvitaṃ uparujjhati; Āyu khīyati maccānaṃ, kunnadīnaṃva odaka’’nti.
这时,魔罗波旬心想:‘世尊识破我了,善逝识破我了。’他痛苦、沮丧,便从原处消失。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
《苦行经》、《龙象经》、《善美经》,以及两部《魔索经》;
《蛇经》《善眠经》《欢喜经》,以及另外两部《寿命经》
显示巴利原文 Tapokammañca nāgo ca, subhaṃ pāsena te duve; Sappo supati nandanaṃ, āyunā apare duveti.
147 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城的灵鹫山上。那时,世尊在漆黑的暗夜中露天而坐,天正飘着绵绵细雨。这时,魔罗波旬想使世尊生起恐惧、惊惶、毛发竖立,便走向世尊。来到近前,他在世尊不远处劈裂了一块大石。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre mahante pāsāṇe padālesi.
那时,世尊了知“这是魔罗波旬”,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“纵使你令整座灵鹫山都动摇,”
正解脱的诸佛,从无动摇。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Sacepi kevalaṃ sabbaṃ, gijjhakūṭaṃ calessasi ; Neva sammāvimuttānaṃ, buddhānaṃ atthi iñjita’’nti.
那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊识破了我,善逝识破了我。”他痛苦、忧愁,便就地消失了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
2. 何为狮子经显示巴利原文
2. Kinnusīhasuttaṃ
148 一时,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,世尊为大众所围绕,正在说法。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti.
当时,魔罗波旬心生此念:“这个沙门乔达摩,为众多在家众所围绕,正在说法。我何不前往他那里,去扰乱他们的眼目呢?”于是,魔罗波旬来到世尊处,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
‘‘Kinnu sīhova nadasi, parisāyaṃ visārado; Paṭimallo hi te atthi, vijitāvī nu maññasī’’ti. ‘‘Nadanti ve mahāvīrā, parisāsu visāradā; Tathāgatā balappattā, tiṇṇā loke visattika’’nti.
那时,魔波旬心想:“世尊认出了我,善逝认出了我。”于是痛苦、沮丧,当场消失。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
3. 木刺经显示巴利原文
3. Sakalikasuttaṃ
149 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在王舍城的摩达库奇鹿野苑。那时,世尊的脚被一片木刺所伤,世尊遭受着剧烈、强烈、尖锐、猛烈、不可意、不可悦的身体苦受。世尊以正念正知忍受那些感受,不为所恼。那时,世尊将僧伽梨衣叠成四层,右胁作狮子卧,双足交叠,正念正知。那时,魔波旬来到世尊处,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati maddakucchismiṃ migadāye. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavato pādo sakalikāya khato hoti, bhusā sudaṃ bhagavato vedanā vattanti sārīrikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā asātā amanāpā. Tā sudaṃ bhagavā sato sampajāno adhivāseti avihaññamāno. Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
我不因愚钝而眠,亦非为诗兴所醉,
我已通达真实义,远离了一切忧愁;
独处幽静之处,
我安卧时,慈悯一切众生。
纵有箭刺胸膛,
心一再地颤栗不已,
那些身中箭刺者,仍能在此入眠,
是故,我这已拔除箭刺的人,反而不能入眠。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Mandiyā nu kho sesi udāhu kāveyyamatto, Atthā nu te sampacurā na santi; Eko vivitte sayanāsanamhi, Niddāmukho kimidaṃ soppase vā’’ti. ‘‘Na mandiyā sayāmi nāpi kāveyyamatto, Atthaṃ sameccāhamapetasoko; Eko vivitte sayanāsanamhi, Sayāmahaṃ sabbabhūtānukampī. ‘‘Yesampi sallaṃ urasi paviṭṭhaṃ, Muhuṃ muhuṃ hadayaṃ vedhamānaṃ; Tepīdha soppaṃ labhare sasallā, Tasmā ahaṃ na supe vītasallo. ‘‘Jaggaṃ na saṅke napi bhemi sottuṃ, Rattindivā nānutapanti māmaṃ; Hāniṃ na passāmi kuhiñci loke, Tasmā supe sabbabhūtānukampī’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊认出了我,善逝认出了我。”他痛苦、沮丧,就从那里隐没不见了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
第四 似相经显示巴利原文
4. Patirūpasuttaṃ
150 一时,世尊住在憍萨罗国的一屋婆罗门村。那时,世尊正被大群在家众围绕而说法。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati ekasālāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā mahatiyā gihiparisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti.
那时,魔罗波旬生起此念:“这位沙门乔达摩正由大群在家众围绕说法,我何不前去蒙蔽他们的双眼?”于是魔罗波旬便来到世尊面前,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo mahatiyā parisāya parivuto dhammaṃ deseti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
当正自觉者出于利益与哀愍,教导他人时,
如来已从随顺与违逆中解脱。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Netaṃ tava patirūpaṃ, yadaññamanusāsasi; Anurodhavirodhesu, mā sajjittho tadācara’’nti. ‘‘Hitānukampī sambuddho, yadaññamanusāsati; Anurodhavirodhehi, vippamutto tathāgato’’ti.
这时,魔罗波旬思惟:“世尊已识破我,善逝已识破我。”他痛苦而沮丧,当即消失于该处。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
5. 意经显示巴利原文
5. Mānasasuttaṃ
151 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城的祇树给孤独园。那时,魔罗波旬来到世尊跟前,走近之后,在世尊面前说出此偈:显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
有一张游走于空中的心之罗网,
我要用它束缚你,沙门,你休想逃脱我!
色、声、香、味、触,这些悦意所缘;
对这些的欲贪已从我心中灭尽,你已被击溃,死神。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Antalikkhacaro pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso; Tena taṃ bādhayissāmi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā; Ettha me vigato chando, nihato tvamasi antakā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊了知我,善逝了知我了。”便痛苦忧伤,即于彼处隐没。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti, dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
第六 钵经显示巴利原文
6. Pattasuttaṃ
152 舍卫城因缘。那时,世尊正依五取蕴为诸比丘作法谈,开示、教导、激励、鼓舞。比丘们则专心致志,倾注全副心意,侧耳聆听法义。显示巴利原文
Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.
那时,魔罗波旬心中这样想:“这位沙门乔达摩正在以与涅槃相连的法义为诸比丘开示、教导……让我去沙门乔达摩那里,蒙蔽他的眼睛。”于是魔罗波旬化现成农夫模样,肩扛大犁,手持长驱牛杖,头发蓬乱,身披麻布衣,两脚沾满泥泞,来到世尊面前,对世尊这样说:“沙门,你看见牛了吗?”“波旬,你要牛做什么?”“沙门,眼睛是我的,色是我的,眼触识处也是我的。沙门,你能逃到哪里去躲开我呢?沙门,耳是我的,声是我的……沙门,鼻是我的,香是我的;沙门,舌是我的,味是我的;沙门,身是我的,触是我的;沙门,意是我的,法是我的,意触识处也是我的。沙门,你能逃到哪里去躲开我呢?”显示巴利原文
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo bhikkhūnaṃ nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya…pe… yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā kassakavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā mahantaṃ naṅgalaṃ khandhe karitvā dīghapācanayaṭṭhiṃ gahetvā haṭahaṭakeso sāṇasāṭinivattho kaddamamakkhitehi pādehi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘api, samaṇa, balībadde addasā’’ti? ‘‘Kiṃ pana, pāpima, te balībaddehī’’ti? ‘‘Mameva, samaṇa, cakkhu, mama rūpā, mama cakkhusamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Kuhiṃ me, samaṇa, gantvā mokkhasi? Mameva, samaṇa, sotaṃ, mama saddā…pe… mameva, samaṇa, ghānaṃ, mama gandhā; mameva, samaṇa, jivhā, mama rasā; mameva, samaṇa, kāyo, mama phoṭṭhabbā; mameva, samaṇa, mano, mama dhammā, mama manosamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Kuhiṃ me, samaṇa, gantvā mokkhasī’’ti?
那时,有许多钵放在露天处。魔罗波旬便变作一头公牛的样子,朝那些钵走去。这时,一位比丘对另一位比丘说:“比丘,比丘,那头公牛会打破钵的。”世尊对那位比丘说:“比丘,那不是公牛。那是魔罗波旬,为蒙蔽你们的眼目而来。”世尊了知那就是魔罗波旬,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā pattā abbhokāse nikkhittā honti. Atha kho māro pāpimā balībaddavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena te pattā tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhu, bhikkhu, eso balībaddo patte bhindeyyā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na so, bhikkhu, balībaddo. Māro eso pāpimā tumhākaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
“色、受、想、识与行,”
“这不是我,这不属于我”,如此于彼离染。”
“如此离染而安稳者,超越一切结缚;”
“纵使魔军遍寻一切处,也找不到他。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Rūpaṃ vedayitaṃ saññā, viññāṇaṃ yañca saṅkhataṃ; Nesohamasmi netaṃ me, evaṃ tattha virajjati. ‘‘Evaṃ virattaṃ khemattaṃ, sabbasaṃyojanātigaṃ; Anvesaṃ sabbaṭṭhānesu, mārasenāpi nājjhagā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬……便在那里消失不见了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
第七 六触处经显示巴利原文
7. Chaphassāyatanasuttaṃ
153 一时,世尊住在毘舍离的大林重阁讲堂。那时,世尊依六触处为诸比丘开示法义,教导、劝发、激励、鼓舞他们。那些比丘也专心致志,一心作意,倾耳谛听正法。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.
当时,魔罗波旬生起这样的念头:“这位沙门乔达摩正依六触处为诸比丘开示法义,教导、劝发、激励、鼓舞他们。那些比丘也专心致志,一心作意,倾耳谛听正法。我不妨去沙门乔达摩那里,遮蔽他们的眼目。”于是,魔罗波旬来到世尊跟前。走近后,在世尊不远处制造出可怖的巨大声响,仿佛大地崩裂。那时,有位比丘对另一位比丘说:“比丘,比丘,这大地好像要裂开了!”闻此语已,世尊对那位比丘说:“比丘,那不是大地裂开。那是魔罗波旬来了,想遮蔽你们的眼目。”那时,世尊了知“此是魔罗波旬”,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo channaṃ phassāyatanānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sappahaṃseti . Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato avidūre mahantaṃ bhayabheravaṃ saddamakāsi, apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyati . Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhikkhu, bhikkhu, esā pathavī maññe undrīyatī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nesā bhikkhu pathavī undrīyati. Māro eso pāpimā tumhākaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
色、声、香、味、触,及一切法——
这世间诱人的事物,实为可怖;世人正沉溺于此。
而佛的弟子正念具足,超越了这一切;
超越魔罗的领域,他们如太阳般照耀。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phassā dhammā ca kevalā; Etaṃ lokāmisaṃ ghoraṃ, ettha loko vimucchito. ‘‘Etañca samatikkamma, sato buddhassa sāvako; Māradheyyaṃ atikkamma, ādiccova virocatī’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬……便就地隐没不现。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
第八 团食经显示巴利原文
8. Piṇḍasuttaṃ
154 一时,世尊住在摩揭陀国的五顶婆罗门村。那时,五顶婆罗门村的少女们正在招待宾客。世尊于午前时分著下衣,持衣钵,进入五顶婆罗门村乞食。当时,魔罗波旬操控了五顶村的婆罗门居士,心中暗想:“莫让沙门乔达摩得到食物。”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā magadhesu viharati pañcasālāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme. Tena kho pana samayena pañcasālāyaṃ brāhmaṇagāme kumārikānaṃ pāhunakāni bhavanti. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya pañcasālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Tena kho pana samayena pañcasāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā mārena pāpimatā anvāviṭṭhā bhavanti – mā samaṇo gotamo piṇḍamalatthāti.
那时,世尊带着洗干净的钵进入五顶婆罗门村托钵,又带着同样干净的钵回来。于是,魔罗波旬走到世尊跟前,对世尊说:“沙门,你乞到食物了吗?”“波旬,莫非是你让我空钵而回?”魔罗波旬说:“尊者,既然如此,就请世尊再入五顶婆罗门村托钵,我必设法让世尊获得食物。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā yathādhotena pattena pañcasālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi tathādhotena pattena paṭikkami. Atha kho māro pāpimā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘api tvaṃ, samaṇa, piṇḍamalatthā’’ti? ‘‘Tathā nu tvaṃ, pāpima, akāsi yathāhaṃ piṇḍaṃ na labheyya’’nti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhante, bhagavā dutiyampi pañcasālaṃ brāhmaṇagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisatu. Tathāhaṃ karissāmi yathā bhagavā piṇḍaṃ lacchatī’’ti.
魔罗冒犯如来,积集了非福;
波旬,你难道以为,这恶业不会成熟?
我们这些一无所有者,活得何等快乐;
“我们将以喜为食,犹如光音天的天人。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Apuññaṃ pasavi māro, āsajja naṃ tathāgataṃ; Kiṃ nu maññasi pāpima, na me pāpaṃ vipaccati. ‘‘Susukhaṃ vata jīvāma, yesaṃ no natthi kiñcanaṃ; Pītibhakkhā bhavissāma, devā ābhassarā yathā’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬心想:‘世尊已知我,善逝已知我。’便痛苦沮丧,当场隐没。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
9. 农夫经
那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊已识破我!善逝已识破我!”便在此处沮丧、忧愁地隐没不见。显示巴利原文
9. Kassakasuttaṃ
155 舍卫城因缘。那时,世尊正以与涅槃相应的法义开示、劝发、激励、令诸比丘欢喜。而那些比丘们恭敬作意,全然专注,身心投入,倾心谛听。显示巴利原文
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ nibbānapaṭisaṃyuttāya dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti . Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti.
这时,魔罗波旬心想:“这位沙门乔达摩正依于五取蕴,以与涅槃相应的法义开示、劝发、激励、令诸比丘欢喜。而且那些比丘们恭敬作意,全然专注,身心投入,倾心谛听。我何不前往沙门乔达摩处,去遮蔽他们的双眼呢?”显示巴利原文
Atha kho mārassa pāpimato etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho samaṇo gotamo pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ upādāya bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti. Te ca bhikkhū aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi katvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasotā dhammaṃ suṇanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ vicakkhukammāyā’’ti.
“波旬,眼是你的,诸色是你的,眼触所生识处也是你的。然而,波旬,在没有眼、没有色、没有眼触所生识处的地方,波旬,那里便没有你的去处。波旬,耳是你的,诸声是你的,耳触所生识处也是你的。然而,波旬,在没有耳、没有声、没有耳触所生识处的地方,波旬,那里便没有你的去处。波旬,鼻是你的,诸香是你的,鼻触所生识处也是你的。然而,波旬,在没有鼻、没有香、没有鼻触所生识处的地方,波旬,那里便没有你的去处。波旬,舌是你的,诸味是你的,舌触所生识处也是你的。然而,波旬,在没有舌、没有味、没有舌触所生识处的地方,波旬,那里便没有你的去处。波旬,身是你的,诸触是你的,身触所生识处也是你的。然而,波旬,在没有身、没有触、没有身触所生识处的地方,波旬,那里便没有你的去处。波旬,意是你的,诸法是你的,意触所生识处也是你的。然而,波旬,在没有意、没有法、没有意触所生识处的地方,波旬,那里便没有你的去处。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Taveva , pāpima, cakkhu, tava rūpā, tava cakkhusamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi cakkhu, natthi rūpā, natthi cakkhusamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpima. Taveva, pāpima , sotaṃ, tava saddā, tava sotasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi sotaṃ, natthi saddā, natthi sotasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpima. Taveva , pāpima, ghānaṃ, tava gandhā, tava ghānasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi ghānaṃ, natthi gandhā, natthi ghānasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpima. Taveva, pāpima, jivhā, tava rasā, tava jivhāsamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ…pe… taveva, pāpima, kāyo, tava phoṭṭhabbā, tava kāyasamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ…pe… taveva, pāpima, mano, tava dhammā, tava manosamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ. Yattha ca kho, pāpima, natthi mano, natthi dhammā, natthi manosamphassaviññāṇāyatanaṃ, agati tava tattha, pāpimā’’ti.
人们称为‘我的’之事物,以及那些说‘这是我’之人;
沙门,若你的心系着于此,你便无法从我这里解脱。”
他们所谈论的并非属于我,我也不是那样言说的人;
波旬,你当如此了知:你连我行走的道路也看不见。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yaṃ vadanti mama yidanti, ye vadanti mamanti ca; Ettha ce te mano atthi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Yaṃ vadanti na taṃ mayhaṃ, ye vadanti na te ahaṃ; Evaṃ pāpima jānāhi, na me maggampi dakkhasī’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬……便当场隐没不现。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā…pe… tatthevantaradhāyīti.
156 一时,世尊住在憍萨罗国雪山间的林中小屋。那时,世尊独处静坐,心中生起这样的思惟:“能否以法行使王权——不杀害、不令人杀害,不征服、不令人征服,不忧伤、不令人忧伤呢?”显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu viharati himavantapadese araññakuṭikāyaṃ. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘sakkā nu kho rajjaṃ kāretuṃ ahanaṃ aghātayaṃ ajinaṃ ajāpayaṃ asocaṃ asocāpayaṃ dhammenā’’ti?
当时,魔罗波旬以心了知世尊心之所念,便来到世尊处,对世尊说:“尊者,请世尊行使王权!请善至行使王权!以法而行,不杀害、不令人杀害,不征服、不令人征服,不忧伤、不令人忧伤。”世尊说:“魔罗波旬,你在我身上见到了什么,竟对我说——‘尊者,请世尊行使王权,请善至行使王权,以法而行,不杀害、不令人杀害,不征服、不令人征服,不忧伤、不令人忧伤’呢?”魔罗波旬说:“尊者,世尊已修习、多修习、以之为乘、以之为基、恒常修习、练习纯熟、善精勤于四神足。尊者,若世尊愿意,可将喜马拉雅山王决意为黄金,它便成为黄金。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kāretu, bhante, bhagavā rajjaṃ, kāretu, sugato, rajjaṃ ahanaṃ aghātayaṃ ajinaṃ ajāpayaṃ asocaṃ asocāpayaṃ dhammenā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana me tvaṃ, pāpima, passasi yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadesi – ‘kāretu, bhante, bhagavā rajjaṃ, kāretu sugato , rajjaṃ ahanaṃ aghātayaṃ ajinaṃ ajāpayaṃ asocaṃ asocāpayaṃ dhammenā’’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavatā kho, bhante, cattāro iddhipādā bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā. Ākaṅkhamāno ca, bhante, bhagavā himavantaṃ pabbatarājaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ tveva adhimucceyya suvaṇṇañca panassā’’ti .
纵有金山,纯然原生真金,
纵使倍增,也不够一人受用——智者了知此理,便应行于正行。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Pabbatassa suvaṇṇassa, jātarūpassa kevalo; Dvittāva nālamekassa, iti vidvā samañcare. ‘‘Yo dukkhamaddakkhi yatonidānaṃ, Kāmesu so jantu kathaṃ nameyya; Upadhiṃ viditvā saṅgoti loke, Tasseva jantu vinayāya sikkhe’’ti.
那时,魔罗波旬心想:“世尊了知我,善逝了知我。”便愁苦失意,就地消失无踪。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ bhagavā, jānāti maṃ sugato’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
岩石、狮子、碎片,以及相称的心思;
钵、处、乞食,农夫,连同国王——这些是它们十项。
显示巴利原文 Pāsāṇo sīho sakalikaṃ , patirūpañca mānasaṃ; Pattaṃ āyatanaṃ piṇḍaṃ, kassakaṃ rajjena te dasāti.
众多经显示巴利原文
1. Sambahulasuttaṃ
157 如是我闻:一时,世尊住在释迦族的石瓦提亚。那时,众多比丘于世尊不远处,精勤、热忱、坚定而住。这时,魔罗波旬化作婆罗门形象:头顶大螺髻,身披羚羊皮,老迈驼背,身弯犹如屋椽,喉中呼呼作声,手执乌昙跋罗木杖,朝那些比丘走去。走近后,他对那些比丘说:“尊者们正值年少出家,头发乌黑,青春盛年,尚在人生之初,还未曾充分受用欲乐。请尊者们受用世间欲乐吧,莫要舍却眼前可见的,去追逐那属于未来的。” “婆罗门,我们并非舍却眼前可见的,而去追逐属于未来的。婆罗门,我们恰恰是舍却了属于未来的,而趋赴眼前可见的。婆罗门,因为世尊说过:欲乐属于未来,多苦、多忧恼,其中有更大的过患;而此法则是现见之法,不待时节,可邀来观见,导向解脱,是由智者各自亲证的。”如此说后,魔罗波旬摇了摇头,吐出舌头,在额头上皱出三道深纹,拄着手杖离开了。显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati silāvatiyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū bhagavato avidūre appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharanti. Atha kho māro pāpimā brāhmaṇavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā mahantena jaṭaṇḍuvena ajinakkhipanivattho jiṇṇo gopānasivaṅko ghurughurupassāsī udumbaradaṇḍaṃ gahetvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘daharā bhavanto pabbajitā susū kāḷakesā bhadrena yobbanena samannāgatā paṭhamena vayasā anikkīḷitāvino kāmesu. Bhuñjantu bhavanto mānusake kāme. Mā sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvitthā’’ti. ‘‘Na kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikañca kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hitvā sandiṭṭhikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikā hi, brāhmaṇa, kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Sandiṭṭhiko ayaṃ dhammo akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, māro pāpimā sīsaṃ okampetvā jivhaṃ nillāletvā tivisākhaṃ nalāṭe nalāṭikaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā daṇḍamolubbha pakkāmi.
那时,那些比丘前往世尊处,顶礼世尊后退坐一面。坐定后,他们便对世尊说:“尊者,我们在离世尊不远处,不放逸、精勤、坚定而住。正当那时,尊者,有一位婆罗门,蓄着巨大的螺髻,身披羊皮衣,因年迈而背弯如屋梁,呼吸间带着呼噜之声,拄着一根乌昙跋罗木杖朝我们走来。走近后,对我们这样说:‘诸位尊者尚且年少出家,童颜乌发,正值青春盛年,在人生初期亦未耽著欲乐。请诸位尊者享受这人间欲乐吧!莫要舍离现前可见的,而去追求需要等待的。’尊者,听他这么说了,我们便这样回答那位婆罗门:‘婆罗门,我们并非舍离现前可见的,而去追求需要等待的。婆罗门,我们恰恰是舍离了需要等待的,而去追求现前可见的。因为,婆罗门,世尊说过:欲乐是需要等待的,它苦多、恼多,其中的过患更为深重;而此法则是现前可见的、不待时的、来见即知的、导向解脱的,每一位智者都应当亲证。’尊者,我们这样说完,那位婆罗门便摇了摇头,吐了吐舌头,额上皱起了三道深纹,拄着木杖离开了。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho te bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavato avidūre appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharāma. Atha kho, bhante, aññataro brāhmaṇo mahantena jaṭaṇḍuvena ajinakkhipanivattho jiṇṇo gopānasivaṅko ghurughurupassāsī udumbaradaṇḍaṃ gahetvā yena mayaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā amhe etadavoca – ‘daharā bhavanto pabbajitā susū kāḷakesā bhadrena yobbanena samannāgatā paṭhamena vayasā anikkīḷitāvino kāmesu. Bhuñjantu bhavanto mānusake kāme. Mā sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvitthā’ti. Evaṃ vutte, mayaṃ, bhante, taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocumha – ‘na kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sandiṭṭhikaṃ hitvā kālikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikañca kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, hitvā sandiṭṭhikaṃ anudhāvāma. Kālikā hi, brāhmaṇa, kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Sandiṭṭhiko ayaṃ dhammo akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, so brāhmaṇo sīsaṃ okampetvā jivhaṃ nillāletvā tivisākhaṃ nalāṭe nalāṭikaṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā daṇḍamolubbha pakkanto’’ti.
“比丘们,那不是婆罗门。那是魔罗波旬,他前来正是为了蒙蔽你们的双眼。”那时,世尊了知此义,即于那时,说此偈曰:显示巴利原文
‘‘Neso, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇo. Māro eso pāpimā tumhākaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –
已见苦及苦之因,
既已见到苦的根源,那众生怎会还耽著在欲乐中?
了知世间中的执取即是束缚,
那众生便应为断除此执取而修学。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Yo dukkhamaddakkhi yatonidānaṃ, Kāmesu so jantu kathaṃ nameyya; Upadhiṃ viditvā saṅgoti loke, Tasseva jantu vinayāya sikkhe’’ti.
二、三弥提经显示巴利原文
2. Samiddhisuttaṃ
158 一时,世尊住在释迦人中的私罗瓦提。那时,具寿三弥提在世尊不远处,不放逸、精勤、意志坚定地安住。当时,具寿三弥提在独处静修时,心中生起这样的思惟:“我得此为大利,我得此为善得——我所遇见的导师是阿拉汉、正自觉者。我得此为大利,我得此为善得——我于如是善说的法、律中出家。我得此为大利,我得此为善得——我所遇见的同梵行者们具足戒行、善妙功德!”当时,魔罗波旬以心洞察了具寿三弥提心中所生之念,便来到具寿三弥提处。来后,在具寿三弥提不远处发出一阵巨大恐怖的声响,仿佛大地正在崩裂。显示巴利原文
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati silāvatiyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato avidūre appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharati. Atha kho āyasmato samiddhissa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me satthā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yvāhaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajito. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me sabrahmacārino sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā āyasmato samiddhissa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yenāyasmā samiddhi tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmato samiddhissa avidūre mahantaṃ bhayabheravaṃ saddamakāsi, apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyati.
于是,具寿三弥提来至世尊之处。到已,顶礼世尊,于一面坐。于一面坐定后,具寿三弥提对世尊这样说:“尊者,我在此处,于世尊不远处,安住于不放逸、勤勉与心意坚定之中。尊者,当我独处静修时,心中生起了这样的思惟:‘这真是我的获益,这真是我的善得——我所值遇的导师是阿拉汉、正自觉者。这真是我的获益,这真是我的善得——我能在如此善说的法与律中出家。这真是我的获益,这真是我的善得——我所值遇的同梵行者们皆具足戒行与善妙功德。’尊者,恰于此时,从我不远处传来一阵巨大而可怖的声响,犹如大地正在崩裂。”显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno āyasmā samiddhi bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato avidūre appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharāmi. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me satthā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yvāhaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajito. Lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me sabrahmacārino sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, avidūre mahābhayabheravasaddo ahosi, apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyatī’’ti.
“三弥提,那并非大地在崩裂。那是魔罗波旬,前来迷惑你的双眼。你去吧,三弥提,就回到那里,不放逸、精勤、坚定地安住。” “是的,世尊。”具寿三弥提应诺世尊后,从座起身,向世尊作礼,右绕后离去。第二次,具寿三弥提又在那同一处所,不放逸、精勤、坚定地安住。第二次,具寿三弥提于独处隐居时……第二次,魔罗波旬以心了知具寿三弥提心中的念头……又如同大地正在崩裂。于是,具寿三弥提以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
‘‘Nesā, samiddhi, pathavī undrīyati. Māro eso pāpimā tuyhaṃ vicakkhukammāya āgato. Gaccha tvaṃ, samiddhi, tattheva appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharāhī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā samiddhi bhagavato paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā samiddhi tattheva appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihāsi. Dutiyampi kho āyasmato samiddhissa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa…pe… dutiyampi kho māro pāpimā āyasmato samiddhissa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya…pe… apissudaṃ pathavī maññe undrīyati. Atha kho āyasmā samiddhi māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
我由信心而出家,从在家迈向无家;
我的正念与智慧已然成熟,心也善入禅定,寂静坚固;
任你幻化种种相,也动摇不了我。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Saddhāyāhaṃ pabbajito, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ; Sati paññā ca me buddhā, cittañca susamāhitaṃ; Kāmaṃ karassu rūpāni, neva maṃ byādhayissasī’’ti.
于是,魔罗波旬心想:“三弥提比丘认出了我。”便忧恼、沮丧,就地消失不见了。显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ samiddhi bhikkhū’’ti dukkhī dummano tatthevantaradhāyīti.
3. 瞿低迦经显示巴利原文
3. Godhikasuttaṃ
159 如是我闻:一时,世尊住于王舍城的竹林迦兰陀迦园。在那里,世尊……如是说道——显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā…pe… etadavoca –
那时,具寿瞿低迦心中生起这样的念头:“我已六次从一时的心解脱退堕。不如我现在就取刀自杀吧。”魔罗波旬以心了知具寿瞿低迦心中的念头,便来到世尊处,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho āyasmato godhikassa etadahosi – ‘‘yāva chaṭṭhaṃ khvāhaṃ sāmayikāya cetovimuttiyā parihīno. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ satthaṃ āhareyya’’nti. Atha kho māro pāpimā āyasmato godhikassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
大雄大慧,以神通与名声光耀;
您已超越一切怨仇与畏怖,具眼者,我顶礼您的双足。
大雄、死魔的征服者啊,您的弟子正渴求死亡;
“他正盼求、谋划着此事,光辉之主,请您制止他!”
“名闻于世间的世尊,你的弟子,喜爱你的教法,”
心意未成就的有学,如何自断性命?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Mahāvīra mahāpañña, iddhiyā yasasā jala; Sabbaverabhayātīta, pāde vandāmi cakkhuma. ‘‘Sāvako te mahāvīra, maraṇaṃ maraṇābhibhū; Ākaṅkhati cetayati, taṃ nisedha jutindhara. ‘‘Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato; Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃ kayirā janesutā’’ti.
那时,具寿瞿低迦已取刀自尽。世尊了知“此是魔罗波旬”后,便以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato godhikena satthaṃ āharitaṃ hoti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
智者正是如此而行:他们不贪恋生命;
渴爱及其根源已被连根拔除,瞿低迦已般涅槃。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Evañhi dhīrā kubbanti, nāvakaṅkhanti jīvitaṃ; Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, godhiko parinibbuto’’ti.
那时,世尊对诸比丘说:“来吧,比丘们,我们一同前往仙人山侧的黑石处,善男子瞿低迦正是在那里执刀自尽的。”“是,世尊。”诸比丘这样回应世尊。显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āyāma, bhikkhave, yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkamissāma yattha godhikena kulaputtena satthaṃ āharita’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ.
那时,世尊与众多比丘一同前往仙人山侧的黑石。世尊远远望见尊者瞿低迦倒在床上,五蕴已散坏。其时,有一团黑烟般的暗影,正飘向东方、西方、北方、南方、上方、下方及诸中间方。显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena isigilipassaṃ kāḷasilā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ godhikaṃ dūratova mañcake vivattakkhandhaṃ semānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ, gacchati adho, gacchati anudisaṃ.
于是,世尊对诸比丘说:“诸比丘,你们可看见那团黑烟般的暗影,正飘向东方、西方、北方、南方、上方、下方及诸中间方吗?”“是的,世尊。”“诸比丘,那正是魔罗波旬,在搜寻善男子瞿低迦的识:‘善男子瞿低迦的识住于何处?’然而,诸比丘,善男子瞿低迦是以无所住的识般涅槃的。”其时,魔罗波旬持着贝卢瓦木黄琵琶,来到世尊处;到后,以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ dhūmāyitattaṃ timirāyitattaṃ gacchateva purimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati pacchimaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uttaraṃ disaṃ, gacchati dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ, gacchati uddhaṃ, gacchati adho, gacchati anudisa’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, māro pāpimā godhikassa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ samanvesati – ‘kattha godhikassa kulaputtassa viññāṇaṃ patiṭṭhita’nti? Appatiṭṭhitena ca, bhikkhave, viññāṇena godhiko kulaputto parinibbuto’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā beluvapaṇḍuvīṇaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
上方、下方与横向,四方及诸中间方,我遍寻了一切处,
我遍寻四处,却不知其踪——那位瞿低迦,究竟去了哪里?
他是一位锐利而具足决意的贤者,一位恒时安住禅悦的禅修者;
他日夜相继精勤修习,于命无所恋慕。
他战胜了死魔大军,不再受生于后有;
“连根拔除了渴爱,瞿低迦已般涅槃。”
他为忧愁所胜,琴从腋下滑落;
那夜叉内心沮丧,便在那里消失不见。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Uddhaṃ adho ca tiriyaṃ, disā anudisā svahaṃ; Anvesaṃ nādhigacchāmi, godhiko so kuhiṃ gato’’ti. ‘‘Yo dhīro dhitisampanno, jhāyī jhānarato sadā; Ahorattaṃ anuyuñjaṃ, jīvitaṃ anikāmayaṃ. ‘‘Jetvāna maccuno senaṃ, anāgantvā punabbhavaṃ; Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, godhiko parinibbuto’’ti. ‘‘Tassa sokaparetassa, vīṇā kacchā abhassatha; Tato so dummano yakkho, tatthevantaradhāyathā’’ti .
七年追逐经显示巴利原文
4. Sattavassānubandhasuttaṃ
160 如是我闻:一时,世尊初成正觉,住在优楼频螺的尼连禅河岸边,阿阇波罗榕树下。那时,世尊在深沉的黑夜中露地而坐,天空飘着微雨。这时,魔罗波旬想让世尊生起恐惧、惊怖、身毛竖立,便化作一头巨大的象王,逼近世尊。他的头大如一块巨大的皂石;牙如纯银;鼻如一根大犁柄。世尊认出了魔罗波旬,便以偈颂对他说——显示巴利原文
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho . Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃsaṃ uppādetukāmo mahantaṃ hatthirājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Seyyathāpi nāma mahāariṭṭhako maṇi, evamassa sīsaṃ hoti. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ rūpiyaṃ, evamassa dantā honti. Seyyathāpi nāma mahatī naṅgalīsā , evamassa soṇḍo hoti. Atha kho bhagavā ‘‘māro ayaṃ pāpimā’’ iti viditvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
我已掘尽一切忧愁之根,
我无过失而禅修,无忧无虑;
断除对一切‘有’的贪爱渴求后,
“我无漏而禅修,放逸者的亲属啊。”
凡人们称为“这是我的”之物,以及那些声称“是我的”之人——
若你的心系著于此,沙门,你便无法从我这里解脱。
他们称为“这是我的”之物,并非我的;那些声称“是我”之人,并非是我。
“若你已觉悟那安稳、通往不死的道路,”
去吧,你独自走那条路吧,何必还要教导他人呢?
那些渡往彼岸的人,总会探问超越死亡之域;
当他们问我时,我便如实解说:那真实,即是无所依着。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Sokāvatiṇṇo nu vanamhi jhāyasi, Vittaṃ nu jīno uda patthayāno; Āguṃ nu gāmasmimakāsi kiñci, Kasmā janena na karosi sakkhiṃ; Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci te’’ti. ‘‘Sokassa mūlaṃ palikhāya sabbaṃ, Anāgu jhāyāmi asocamāno; Chetvāna sabbaṃ bhavalobhajappaṃ, Anāsavo jhāyāmi pamattabandhū’’ti. ‘‘Yaṃ vadanti mama yidanti, ye vadanti mamanti ca; Ettha ce te mano atthi, na me samaṇa mokkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Yaṃ vadanti na taṃ mayhaṃ, ye vadanti na te ahaṃ; Evaṃ pāpima jānāhi, na me maggampi dakkhasī’’ti. ‘‘Sace maggaṃ anubuddhaṃ, khemaṃ amatagāminaṃ; Apehi gaccha tvameveko, kimaññamanusāsasī’’ti. ‘‘Amaccudheyyaṃ pucchanti, ye janā pāragāmino; Tesāhaṃ puṭṭho akkhāmi, yaṃ saccaṃ taṃ nirūpadhi’’nti.
尊者,譬如在不远的一个村落或城镇附近,有一方池塘,其中住着一只螃蟹。那时,许多男孩或女孩从那个村落或城镇出来,走向那方池塘。到达后,他们将那只螃蟹从水中捞出,放在干地上。每当那螃蟹伸出一只螯,那些男孩或女孩便用木棍或石块将其砸断、砸碎、砸毁。如是,当那只螃蟹所有的螯都被砸断、砸碎、砸毁之后,它便再也不能回到那方池塘中去了。同样地,尊者,我过去所有那些扭曲、缠绕、窜动的把戏,都已被世尊一一截断、砸碎、砸毁了。因此,尊者,我如今再也不能为寻隙挑剔而接近世尊了。”随后,魔罗波旬便在世尊面前,诵出这些厌离的偈颂——显示巴利原文
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre pokkharaṇī. Tatrassa kakkaṭako. Atha kho, bhante, sambahulā kumārakā vā kumārikāyo vā tamhā gāmā vā nigamā vā nikkhamitvā yena sā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkameyyuṃ; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ kakkaṭakaṃ udakā uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhapeyyuṃ. Yaṃ yadeva hi so, bhante, kakkaṭako aḷaṃ abhininnāmeyya taṃ tadeva te kumārakā vā kumārikāyo vā kaṭṭhena vā kathalāya vā sañchindeyyuṃ sambhañjeyyuṃ sampalibhañjeyyuṃ. Evañhi so, bhante, kakkaṭako sabbehi aḷehi sañchinnehi sambhaggehi sampalibhaggehi abhabbo taṃ pokkharaṇiṃ otarituṃ. Evameva kho, bhante, yāni kānici visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni, sabbāni tāni bhagavatā sañchinnāni sambhaggāni sampalibhaggāni. Abhabbo dānāhaṃ, bhante, puna bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ yadidaṃ otārāpekkho’’ti. Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato santike imā nibbejanīyā gāthāyo abhāsi –
“乌鸦曾绕着一块状如脂膏的石头盘旋:”
“这里也许能找到些柔软的,或许能尝到些滋味。”
“犹如乌鸦啄石,心生厌离,我亦对乔达摩失望而去。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Medavaṇṇañca pāsāṇaṃ, vāyaso anupariyagā; Apettha muduṃ vindema, api assādanā siyā. ‘‘Aladdhā tattha assādaṃ, vāyasetto apakkame; Kākova selamāsajja, nibbijjāpema gotamā’’ti.
5. 魔女经显示巴利原文
5. Māradhītusuttaṃ
161 那时,魔罗波旬在世尊面前诵出这些厌离偈后,便离开该处,在离世尊不远的地上结跏趺坐。他默然无语,神色懊丧,双肩低垂,低头怏怏,忧思郁结,哑口无言,持木片刮着地面。这时,渴爱、不乐与贪欲——魔罗的三个女儿,来到魔罗波旬那里,走近后以偈颂对魔罗波旬说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho māro pāpimā bhagavato santike imā nibbejanīyā gāthāyo abhāsitvā tamhā ṭhānā apakkamma bhagavato avidūre pathaviyaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tuṇhībhūto maṅkubhūto pattakkhandho adhomukho pajjhāyanto appaṭibhāno kaṭṭhena bhūmiṃ vilikhanto. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā māraṃ pāpimantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsiṃsu –
“父亲,您为何闷闷不乐?您是为哪一个男人而忧愁?”
“我们将以贪欲的套索,如同捕捉林中的野象一般——”
“绑缚之后,我们将把他带来,他定会归你支配。”
世间那位阿拉汉、善逝,不为贪欲所诱;
他已超越魔罗的领域,故我悲伤不已。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Kenāsi dummano tāta, purisaṃ kaṃ nu socasi; Mayaṃ taṃ rāgapāsena, āraññamiva kuñjaraṃ; Bandhitvā ānayissāma, vasago te bhavissatī’’ti. ‘‘Arahaṃ sugato loke, na rāgena suvānayo; Māradheyyaṃ atikkanto, tasmā socāmahaṃ bhusa’’nti.
那时,魔罗的女儿——渴爱、不快与贪欲,退到一边,一同商量:“人们的意趣千差万别。我们何不各自变化出一百位未生育的少女模样?”于是,魔罗的女儿们,渴爱、不快与贪欲,各各变化出一百位未生育的少女模样后,便前往世尊处。到了之后,对世尊这样说:“沙门,我们愿侍奉在您足下。”世尊对她们毫不理睬,犹如一位在无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人。显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma evaṃ samacintesuṃ – ‘‘uccāvacā kho purisānaṃ adhippāyā . Yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ avijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmā’’ti. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekasataṃ ekasataṃ avijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā’’ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
那时,渴爱、不乐、贪欲三位魔女来到魔罗波旬面前。魔罗波旬远远望见她们走来,便以偈颂说道:显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho māro pāpimā taṇhañca aratiñca ragañca māradhītaro dūratova āgacchantiyo. Disvāna gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
于是,爱欲、不乐和贪欲三位魔女来到世尊那里,走近后立于一旁。站定之后,爱欲魔女便以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho taṇhā māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
那时,渴爱、不乐、贪欲魔女共相商议:“不如我们每人变化出一百种、百种曾生育过一子的年轻妇人形貌吧。”于是,她们各自变化出百种、百种曾生育过一子的年轻妇人形貌后,来到世尊面前,对他说:“沙门,我们愿在您脚下随侍。”世尊对她们全不理睬——他已在无上依着的灭尽中究竟解脱。显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ sakiṃ vijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… sakiṃ vijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘pāde te, samaṇa, paricāremā’’ti. Tampi bhagavā na manasākāsi, yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
那时,渴爱、不快与贪欲——魔罗的女儿们又一起商量:“我们何不各自变化出一百个、一百个生过两次孩子的妇人模样?”于是,她们便各自变化出一百个、一百个生过两次孩子的妇人模样,去到世尊那里。而世尊就如一位从无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人,毫不动摇。接着,她们又商量:“我们何不各自变化出一百个、一百个中年妇女的模样?”于是,她们便各自变化出一百个、一百个中年妇女的模样,去到世尊那里。而世尊仍如一位从无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人,毫不动摇。显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… yaṃnūna mayaṃ ekasataṃ ekasataṃ duvijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… duvijātavaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā…pe… yathā taṃ anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… majjhimitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti. Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… majjhimitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā…pe… anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto.
那时,渴爱、不快与贪欲——魔罗的女儿们又商量:“我们何不各自变化出一百个老年妇女的模样?”于是,她们便各自变化出一百个老年妇女的模样,去到世尊那里。但世尊仍如一位从无上的依着灭尽中彻底解脱的人,毫不动摇。接着,渴爱、不快与贪欲——魔罗的女儿们退到一旁,这样说道:“看来父亲对我们说的是真的——显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… mahitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimmineyyāmāti . Atha kho taṇhā ca…pe… mahitthivaṇṇasataṃ abhinimminitvā yena bhagavā…pe… anuttare upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto. Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro ekamantaṃ apakkamma etadavocuṃ – saccaṃ kira no pitā avoca –
“世间中的阿拉汉、善逝者,不为贪欲所牵引;
他已超越魔罗的境界,为此,我陷入深深愁苦。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Arahaṃ sugato loke, na rāgena suvānayo; Māradheyyaṃ atikkanto, tasmā socāmahaṃ bhusa’’nti.
假若我们以这种手段攻击某个未离欲的沙门或婆罗门,他的心将会碎裂,口中将涌出热腾腾的鲜血,或者变得癫狂、心神错乱。犹如青绿的芦苇被割倒后,终将干枯、凋萎、衰败一般;他也会那样地干枯、凋萎、衰败。”显示巴利原文
‘‘Yañhi mayaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā avītarāgaṃ iminā upakkamena upakkameyyāma hadayaṃ vāssa phaleyya, uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ vā mukhato uggaccheyya, ummādaṃ vā pāpuṇeyya cittakkhepaṃ vā. Seyyathā vā pana naḷo harito luto ussussati visussati milāyati; evameva ussusseyya visusseyya milāyeyyā’’ti.
那时,魔王的三个女儿——渴爱、不乐与贪染,来到世尊面前,站在一旁。站在一旁后,渴爱魔女以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho taṇhā māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
征服了可爱悦意之相的魔军;
我独自禅修,体证了殊胜的安乐;
因此,我不与众人结为友伴。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Sokāvatiṇṇo nu vanamhi jhāyasi, Vittaṃ nu jīno uda patthayāno; Āguṃ nu gāmasmimakāsi kiñci, Kasmā janena na karosi sakkhiṃ; Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci te’’ti. ‘‘Atthassa pattiṃ hadayassa santiṃ, Jetvāna senaṃ piyasātarūpaṃ; Ekohaṃ jhāyaṃ sukhamanubodhiṃ, Tasmā janena na karomi sakkhiṃ; Sakkhī na sampajjati kenaci me’’ti.
那时,魔女‘不乐’以偈颂对世尊说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho arati māradhītā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
他已渡过五瀑流,又在此渡第六瀑流;
他常如何修习禅那,方令欲想
被阻隔于外,无法触及他?
身得轻安,心善解脱,
不造作、具念、无住著,
彻知法,无寻禅定。
比丘常多如此安住,
已度五瀑流,复于此超越第六;
如是恒常修禅者,种种欲想无由系缚,
“望而不及,终究不得其道。”
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Kathaṃ vihārībahulodha bhikkhu, Pañcoghatiṇṇo atarīdha chaṭṭhaṃ; Kathaṃ jhāyiṃ bahulaṃ kāmasaññā, Paribāhirā honti aladdha yo ta’’nti. ‘‘Passaddhakāyo suvimuttacitto, Asaṅkharāno satimā anoko; Aññāya dhammaṃ avitakkajhāyī, Na kuppati na sarati na thino . ‘‘Evaṃvihārībahulodha bhikkhu, Pañcoghatiṇṇo atarīdha chaṭṭhaṃ; Evaṃ jhāyiṃ bahulaṃ kāmasaññā, Paribāhirā honti aladdha yo ta’’nti.
那时,魔女爱乐于世尊面前,以偈颂说:显示巴利原文
Atha kho ragā māradhītā bhagavato santike gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –
他已斩断渴爱,与众共住而游化,
众多具足信心者,必将随其而行;
这无家之人,确然将度化广大人群,
斩断其缚,便能超越死王,到达彼岸。
那些大雄与如来,确实依正法引导;
当如来正以法引导时,明白事理者怎会心生嫉妒?
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Acchejja taṇhaṃ gaṇasaṅghacārī, Addhā carissanti bahū ca saddhā; Bahuṃ vatāyaṃ janataṃ anoko, Acchejja nessati maccurājassa pāra’’nti. ‘‘Nayanti ve mahāvīrā, saddhammena tathāgatā; Dhammena nayamānānaṃ, kā usūyā vijānata’’nti.
那时,渴爱、不乐、染着这三位魔罗之女,前往魔罗波旬那里。魔罗波旬远远望见渴爱、不乐、染着这三位魔罗之女正朝这边走来。见后,便以偈颂说道:显示巴利原文
Atha kho taṇhā ca arati ca ragā ca māradhītaro yena māro pāpimā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho māro pāpimā taṇhañca aratiñca ragañca māradhītaro dūratova āgacchantiyo. Disvāna gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi –
你们这些愚人,想用睡莲的茎去摧破高山;
想用指甲去掘开山岳,想用牙齿去咬碎钢铁。
就像用头顶着巨石,想在深渊中觅得立足之处;
又像以胸去撞树桩,你们只得灰心丧气地离开乔达摩。
“她们——渴爱、不乐与贪染,周身光华地来到,”
导师当下便将她们驱散,犹如狂风吹散坠地的棉絮。
显示巴利原文 ‘‘Bālā kumudanāḷehi, pabbataṃ abhimatthatha ; Giriṃ nakhena khanatha, ayo dantehi khādatha. ‘‘Selaṃva sirasūhacca , pātāle gādhamesatha; Khāṇuṃva urasāsajja, nibbijjāpetha gotamā’’ti. ‘‘Daddallamānā āgañchuṃ, taṇhā ca aratī ragā; Tā tattha panudī satthā, tūlaṃ bhaṭṭhaṃva māluto’’ti.
“众多与三弥提,瞿低迦及七年,”
《女儿》经为佛陀、最胜者所开示,此即魔罗第五品。
显示巴利原文 Sambahulā samiddhi ca, godhikaṃ sattavassāni; Dhītaraṃ desitaṃ buddha, seṭṭhena imaṃ mārapañcakanti.
━━ 归纳讲解,仅供参考 ━━
这组在讲什么 本组围绕“魔罗波旬”与佛陀的直接较量展开,集中收录世尊初成正觉及教化期间,魔罗以恐吓、诱惑、质疑和歪曲等方式试图扰乱佛陀和僧团的故事。经文反复呈现一个模式:魔罗现身施压,被佛陀识破并以偈颂喝破其伎俩,最后魔罗愁苦消失。核心在于展示正觉者的不动摇、对一切魔网的超越,以及佛法对恐惧和欲望的根本降服。
出场人物 / 对告众 Pali 中文(经文用名) 角色 Bhagavā 世尊 说法者、降魔者 Māro pāpimā 魔罗波旬 主要对告者、扰乱者、诱惑者 Bhikkhu 比丘 在场僧众、受法者、被魔恐吓的对象 (Māradhītaro) (魔女) 第二十五经《魔女经》出现的魔罗之女,以诱惑为手段
核心法义(白话+重点) 本组的中心教法是:觉者已经从一切“有”(bhava)的贪爱和依着中彻底解脱,因此恐惧、欲望、乃至生死本身都无法动摇他。魔罗及其魔军所代表的是渴爱、不乐、饥渴、贪欲、懈怠、恐惧、疑惑、虚伪固执、利养、荣誉、虚假名声与过分自赞毁他——这些正是内在的烦恼。
经文通过魔罗一次又一次的失败表明,这些力量只在心有罥网时才能起作用。一旦看清了五蕴的无我本质、六触处的诱惑性质,心就变得像太阳般光明,照亮一切,使魔军无处可寻。例如,在《魔索经》的偈颂中,魔罗声称“你被诸天与人间之罥所缚,沙门,你不能从我解脱”,佛陀则宣告:“我已从一切罥解脱——诸天之罥与人间之罥;我已从大缚解脱,终结者,你已被击败。”
→ 拆开看:魔罗把解脱说成是一种“地点和关系”的捆绑,好像换个环境就安全;佛陀的回答则指向内心的“终结”,因为不再有爱取与执着,任何外在的罥网都已失效。
→ 要旨:最大的魔不在外面,而是对五蕴和感官快乐的耽着。真正的降魔,是看见诸法无我,心不再被任何相所缚。
关键术语锚 Pali 中文(经文用名) 为什么易错 Māra 魔罗 字面是“死主/障碍”,这里具体指以“魔罗波旬”(Māro pāpimā,欲界第六天他化自在天王)形象出现的人格化诱惑者,但深层喻指一切阻碍解脱的烦恼,不能只理解为外界鬼怪。 Yakkha 夜叉 在《象王赞经》《蛇经》中,魔罗化现为恐怖相,与“夜叉”的概念重叠,但这里不是护法神,而是制造惊怖的工具。 bandhana 缚/罥 整品反复出现的隐喻,指人在种种存在状态中的系缚,不单指感官享受,更指“我见”的执着。 antaka 终结者 佛陀对魔罗的称呼,意为“你已走到尽头”,指死主本身在觉者面前也被终结了,是极有力的反转。 bhaya 恐惧 魔罗的主要武器,但当觉者正念于身、受、法时,“纵使天裂地震动”,其身毛亦不动摇。恐惧是心被相所牵引的结果。 upadhi 依着 《欢喜经》点出,有“依着”则有喜有愁,无依着者则超越两者。魔的工作就是让人抓着“依着”不放。
代表经(本组重点) 1. SN 4.1《苦行经》
2. SN 4.4《魔索第一经》
3. SN 4.7《善眠经》
4. SN 4.13《碎片经》
5. SN 4.15《意经》
6. SN 4.25《魔女经》