第一品:有身品(Karajakāyavaggo)
(21) 1. Karajakāyavaggo
211211. 第五篇的初篇等内容,其义显明。
211. Pañcamassa paṭhamādīni uttānatthāneva.
《爬行经》的注释(Saṃsappanīyasuttavaṇṇanā)
6. Saṃsappanīyasuttavaṇṇanā
216216. 第六篇中,“诸比丘,我将为你们开示名为爬行法门的法门”,意思是:这是指导致爬行的因由、以教说为形式的法教示。“爬行”,是指造作那种业的人,会辗转、纠结、挣扎。“趣向弯曲”,说的是由那种业所将投往的趣向,其本身便是弯曲的。“弯曲降生”,是指他将受生到的那一趣向,本身也是弯曲的。“具有爬行的性质”,意味着以爬行为其本质。“已生者之再生,因已生而起”,是说从已生的体性——亦即现存的业,有情的再生才得以产生。“触所触”,是说来世的果报之触在进行接触。
216. Chaṭṭhe saṃsappanīyapariyāyaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dhammapariyāyanti saṃsappanassa kāraṇaṃ desanāsaṅkhātaṃ dhammadesanaṃ. Saṃsappatīti taṃ kammaṃ karonto āsappati parisappati vipphandati. Jimhāgatīti tena kammena yaṃ gatiṃ gamissati, sā jimhā hoti. Jimhupapattīti tassa yaṃ gatiṃ upapajjissati, sāpi jimhāva hoti. Saṃsappajātikāti saṃsappanasabhāvā. Bhūtā bhūtassa upapatti hotīti bhūtasmā sabhāvato vijjamānakammā sattassa nibbatti hoti. Phassā phusantīti vipākaphassā phusanti.
7-8. 两篇《思经》的注释(Sañcetanikasuttadvayavaṇṇanā)。
7-8. Sañcetanikasuttadvayavaṇṇanā
217-218217-218. 第七篇中,「思所造」(sañcetanikānaṃ)是指:经过思考、计划之后而造作的业。「积集」(upacitānāṃ)是指:已经累积、增长的业。「未领受」(appaṭisaṃveditvā)是指:还没有感受那些业的果报。「归于穷尽」(byantībhāvaṃ)是指:业的终结状态,也就是那些业的界限与回转(pariccheda-parivaṭuma)的完成。而「唯于现法」(tañca kho diṭṭheva dhamme)的意思是:这个果报是现法受(diṭṭhadhammavedanīya),仅在这一生(现法)中领受。「再生」(upapajjanti)是指:再生受(upapajjavedanīya),在紧接的下一个有身(无间有身)中领受。「或于其他时」(apare vā pariyāye)是指:后时受(aparapariyāyavedanīya),只要还在轮回流转中,乃至千个有身之中都可能领受。这句话指出了这样的义理:『在轮回流转中,凡是有可能得到果报的业,世间没有一个地方,人站在那儿就能从恶业中解脱。』(saṃsārappavatte paṭiladdhavipākārahakamme na vijjati so jagatippadeso, yattha ṭhito mucceyya pāpakammā)「三种」(tividhā)指:三种类型。「身业损坏违犯」(kāyakammantasandosabyāpattī)是指:叫做身业(kāyakammanta)的坏失(vipatti)。依这个道理,所有的语句都应该知道。第八篇中,「无险宝石」(apaṇṇako maṇī)是指:一块四周方正、没有瑕疵的宝石。
217-218. Sattame sañcetanikānanti cetetvā pakappetvā katānaṃ. Upacitānanti citānaṃ vaḍḍhitānaṃ. Appaṭisaṃveditvāti tesaṃ kammānaṃ vipākaṃ avediyitvā. Byantībhāvanti vigatantabhāvaṃ tesaṃ kammānaṃ paricchedaparivaṭumatākaraṇaṃ. Tañca kho diṭṭheva dhammeti tañca kho vipākaṃ diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme. Upapajjanti upapajjavedanīyaṃ anantare attabhāve. Apare vā pariyāyeti aparapariyāyavedanīyaṃ pana saṃsārappavatte sati sahassimepi attabhāveti. Iminā idaṃ dasseti ‘‘saṃsārappavatte paṭiladdhavipākārahakamme na vijjati so jagatippadeso, yattha ṭhito mucceyya pāpakammā’’ti. Tividhāti tippakārā. Kāyakammantasandosabyāpattīti kāyakammantasaṅkhātā vipatti. Iminā nayena sabbapadāni veditabbāni. Aṭṭhame apaṇṇako maṇīti samantato caturasso pāsako.
《有身经》的注释(Karajakāyasuttavaṇṇanā)
9. Karajakāyasuttavaṇṇanā
219第九篇中,「于苦」指果报之苦,或轮回之苦。这部经中没有宝石的譬喻。所谓「如是离欲贪」的「如是」只是一个不变词。或者可以这样理解:犹如修习慈心者已离欲贪,像那样,他便离了欲贪。这样,在显示了以离欲贪等暂伏诸盖之后,接着讲述种种不善的出离,便开始宣说「以慈俱行」等。「无量」的意思是:由于以无量有情为所缘,或因修习已达自在,故称「无量」。所谓「有量所造业」,即是欲界的业。「它不能在那里立足」是说:那个有量的业,就像洪流中的一滴水,无力立足安住;洪流会吞没那滴水一样,这无量业也会覆盖、吞没
219. Navame dukkhassāti vipākadukkhassa, vaṭṭadukkhasseva vā. Imasmiṃ sutte maṇiopammaṃ natthi. Evaṃ vigatābhijjhoti evanti nipātamattaṃ. Yathā vā mettaṃ bhāventā vigatābhijjhā bhavanti, evaṃ vigatābhijjho. Evamassa vigatābhijjhatādīhi nīvaraṇavikkhambhanaṃ dassetvā idāni akusalanissaraṇāni kathento mettāsahagatenātiādimāha. Appamāṇanti appamāṇasattārammaṇatāya ciṇṇavasitāya vā appamāṇaṃ. Pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ nāma kāmāvacarakammaṃ. Na taṃ tatrāvatiṭṭhatīti taṃ mahogho parittaṃ udakaṃ viya attano okāsaṃ gahetvā ṭhātuṃ na sakkoti, atha kho naṃ oghe parittaṃ udakaṃ viya idameva appamāṇaṃ kammaṃ ajjhottharitvā attano vipākaṃ nibbatteti. Daharataggeti daharakālato paṭṭhāya.
「此身非能持去他世」意谓:携带此身往赴他世,是做不到的。「以心为内因」是指心为原因,或说心本身即是无间之因。即:仅在一死心之无间,于第二结生心,便称为天、称为地狱生、称为畜生道。依前文之理,是以心为因而成为天或地狱。那句「彼一切于此当受」,是就现法受的部分而说。「彼将不随行」的意思是:由于慈心的再生受性已被彻底截断,故从再生受的角度而言,它将不会随之而行。这应当理解为入流者和一来者这些圣补特伽罗的观察。「以不来者性」指由禅那而证的不来果性。「此处有慧者」指:于此教法中,慧称为‘此处的慧’,即安住于教法所行圣慧中的圣弟子。「更上之解脱」即指阿拉汉果。第十篇。
Nāyaṃ kāyo ādāyagamaniyoti imaṃ kāyaṃ gahetvā paralokaṃ gantuṃ nāma na sakkāti attho . Cittantaroti cittakāraṇo, atha vā citteneva antariko. Ekasseva hi cuticittassa anantarā dutiye paṭisandhicitte devo nāma hoti, nerayiko nāma hoti, tiracchānagato nāma hoti. Purimanayepi cittena kāraṇabhūtena devo nerayiko vā hotīti attho. Sabbaṃ taṃ idha vedanīyanti diṭṭhadhammavedanīyakoṭṭhāsavanetaṃ vuttaṃ. Na taṃ anugaṃ bhavissatīti mettāya upapajjavedanīyabhāvassa upacchinnattā upapajjavedanīyavasena na anugataṃ bhavissati. Idaṃ sotāpannasakadāgāmiariyapuggalānaṃ paccavekkhaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Anāgāmitāyāti jhānānāgāmitāya. Idhapaññassāti imasmiṃ sāsane paññā idhapaññā nāma, sāsanacaritāya ariyapaññāya ṭhitassa ariyasāvakassāti attho. Uttarivimuttinti arahattaṃ. Dasamaṃ uttānatthamevāti.