7. 罗睺罗相应
7. Rāhulasaṃyuttaṃ
全书 52 段
188如是我闻:一时,世尊住在舍卫城(Sāvatthī)的祇树给孤独园。那时,具寿罗睺罗(Rāhula)来到世尊面前。到了之后,他敬礼世尊,退坐一面。坐定后,具寿罗睺罗对世尊这样说:“萨度(sādhu,古译:善哉),尊者!愿世尊为我略说法要。我听闻世尊的法后,将独一静处、远离、不放逸,精勤、坚毅而住。”
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti.
“罗睺罗,你认为如何?眼是常还是无常?” “是无常,尊者。” “那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐?” “是苦,尊者。” “那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,适合这样看待它——‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的真我’吗?” “这不适合,尊者。” “耳是常还是无常?” “是无常,尊者。”……(中略)……“鼻是常还是无常?” “是无常,尊者。”……(中略)……“舌是常还是无常?” “是无常,尊者。”……(中略)……“身是常还是无常?” “是无常,尊者。”……(中略)……“意是常还是无常?” “是无常,尊者。” “那么,凡是无常的,是苦还是乐?” “是苦,尊者。” “那么,凡是无常、苦、变易之法,适合这样看待它——‘这是我的,这是我,这是我的真我’吗?” “这不适合,尊者。”
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhuṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sotaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe…. ‘‘Ghānaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘jivhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘kāyo nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’ …pe… ‘‘mano nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
“罗睺罗,如此观察时,多闻圣弟子对眼亦生厌离,对耳亦生厌离,对鼻亦生厌离,对舌亦生厌离,对身亦生厌离,对意亦生厌离;因厌离而离染,由离染而得解脱;解脱时,生起‘已解脱’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不受后有。’” 第一经。
‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmimpi nibbindati …pe… sotasmimpi nibbindati… ghānasmimpi nibbindati… jivhāyapi nibbindati… kāyasmimpi nibbindati… manasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
189一时,世尊住舍卫城……(中略)……“罗睺罗,汝意云何?色是常,抑或无常?”
“是无常,尊者。”……(中略)……声……香……味……触……法,是常,抑或无常?“是无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此观照时,多闻圣弟子于色亦生厌离……于声亦生厌离……于香亦生厌离……于味亦生厌离……于触亦生厌离……于法亦生厌离;厌离已,便离染……(中略)……遍知。”此为第二经。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā , bhante’’…pe… saddā… gandhā… rasā… phoṭṭhabbā… dhammā niccā vā aniccā vāti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpesupi nibbindati… saddesupi nibbindati… gandhesupi nibbindati… rasesupi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbesupi nibbindati… dhammesupi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
190住于舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你如何思量:眼识是常还是无常?”
“是无常,尊者。”……“耳识……鼻识……舌识……身识……意识是常还是无常?”
“是无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于眼识亦厌离……于耳识亦厌离……于鼻识亦厌离……于舌识亦厌离……于身识亦厌离……于意识亦厌离;厌离而离染……了知。”第三经。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘sotaviññāṇaṃ…pe… ghānaviññāṇaṃ… jivhāviññāṇaṃ… kāyaviññāṇaṃ… manoviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’ …pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhuviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati…pe… sotaviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… ghānaviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… jivhāviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… kāyaviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… manoviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
4. 触经
4. Samphassasuttaṃ
191住于舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你如何思量:眼触是常还是无常?”
“是无常,尊者。”……“耳触……鼻触……舌触……身触……意触是常还是无常?”
“是无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于眼触亦厌离……于耳触亦厌离……于鼻触亦厌离……于舌触亦厌离……于身触亦厌离……于意触亦厌离;厌离而离染……了知。”第四经。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhusamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘sotasamphasso…pe… ghānasamphasso… jivhāsamphasso… kāyasamphasso… manosamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusamphassasmimpi nibbindati…pe… sotasamphassasmimpi nibbindati… ghānasamphassasmimpi nibbindati… jivhāsamphassasmimpi nibbindati… kāyasamphassasmimpi nibbindati… manosamphassasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
192住于舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你意如何?眼触所生之受是常还是无常?”
“无常的,尊者。”……“耳触所生之受……鼻触所生之受……舌触所生之受……身触所生之受……意触所生之受是常还是无常?”
“无常的,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于眼触所生之受亦厌离……于耳……鼻……舌……身……意触所生之受亦厌离……了知。”第五经。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhusamphassajā vedanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘sotasamphassajā vedanā…pe… ghānasamphassajā vedanā… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā… kāyasamphassajā vedanā… manosamphassajā vedanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā , bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusamphassajāya vedanāyapi nibbindati…pe… sota… ghāna… jivhā… kāya… manosamphassajāya vedanāyapi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.
193世尊住在舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你意如何?色想是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“声想……香想……味想……触想……法想是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子对色想也生厌离……对声想也生厌离……对香想也生厌离……对味想也生厌离……对触想也生厌离……对法想也生厌离……了知。”第六。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpasaññā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saddasaññā…pe… gandhasaññā… rasasaññā… phoṭṭhabbasaññā… dhammasaññā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasaññāyapi nibbindati…pe… saddasaññāyapi nibbindati… gandhasaññāyapi nibbindati… rasasaññāyapi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbasaññāyapi nibbindati… dhammasaññāyapi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. 思经
7. Sañcetanāsuttaṃ
194世尊住在舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你意如何?色思是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“声思……香思……味思……触思……法思是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子对色思也生厌离……对声思也生厌离……对香思也生厌离……对味思也生厌离……对触思也生厌离……对法思也生厌离……了知。”第七。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpasañcetanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saddasañcetanā…pe… gandhasañcetanā… rasasañcetanā … phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā… dhammasañcetanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasañcetanāyapi nibbindati…pe… saddasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… gandhasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… rasasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… dhammasañcetanāyapi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.
195住于舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你如何思惟,色之渴爱是常还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“声之渴爱……香之渴爱……味之渴爱……触之渴爱……法之渴爱是常还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子厌离色之渴爱……厌离声之渴爱……厌离香之渴爱……厌离味之渴爱……厌离触之渴爱……厌离法之渴爱……如是了知。”第八。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpataṇhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saddataṇhā…pe… gandhataṇhā… rasataṇhā… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā… dhammataṇhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpataṇhāyapi nibbindati…pe… saddataṇhāyapi nibbindati… gandhataṇhāyapi nibbindati… rasataṇhāyapi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbataṇhāya nibbindati… dhammataṇhāyapi nibbindati …pe… pajānātī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
196一时,世尊住于舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你如何认为?地界是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“水界……火界……风界……空界……识界是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于地界亦厌离……于水界亦厌离……于火界亦厌离……于风界亦厌离……于空界亦厌离……于识界亦厌离……了知。”第九。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, pathavīdhātu niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘āpodhātu…pe… tejodhātu… vāyodhātu… ākāsadhātu… viññāṇadhātu niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako pathavīdhātuyāpi nibbindati…pe… āpodhātuyāpi nibbindati… tejodhātuyāpi nibbindati… vāyodhātuyāpi nibbindati… ākāsadhātuyāpi nibbindati… viññāṇadhātuyāpi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Navamaṃ.
10. 蕴经
10. Khandhasuttaṃ
197一时,世尊住于舍卫城……“罗睺罗,你如何认为?色是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“受……想……行……识是常,还是无常?”
“无常,尊者。”……“罗睺罗,如此见者,多闻圣弟子于色亦厌离……于受亦厌离……于想亦厌离……于行亦厌离……于识亦厌离;厌离而离染;由离染而解脱;于解脱时,有‘已解脱’之智。他了知:‘生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不受后有。’”第十。
Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati…pe… vedanāyapi nibbindati… saññāyapi nibbindati… saṅkhāresupi nibbindati… viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati ; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
眼、色与识,触与受。
想、思与渴爱,界与蕴,是为十。
Cakkhu rūpañca viññāṇaṃ, samphasso vedanāya ca; Saññā sañcetanā taṇhā, dhātu khandhena te dasāti.