Samuṭṭhānasīsasaṅkhepo · 生起头略说义注
Samuṭṭhānasīsavaṇṇanā等起纲目的解释
§257
257. Tadanantarāya pana samuṭṭhānakathāya anattā iti nicchayāti anattā iti nicchitā. Sabhāgadhammānanti aniccākārādīhi sabhāgānaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ. Nāmamattaṃ na nāyatīti nāmamattampi na paññāyati. Dukkhahāninti dukkhaghātanaṃ. Khandhakā yā ca mātikāti khandhakā yā ca mātikāti attho. Ayameva vā pāṭho. Samuṭṭhānaṃ niyato katanti samuṭṭhānaṃ niyatokataṃ niyatakataṃ; niyatasamuṭṭhānanti attho. Etena bhūtārocanacorivuṭṭhāpanaananuññātasikkhāpadattayassa saṅgaho paccetabbo. Etāneva hi tīṇi sikkhāpadāni niyatasamuṭṭhānāni, aññehi saddhiṃ asambhinnasamuṭṭhānāni.
257. 关于‘紧随其后’这一词，则在‘生起论述’中确定释义为无我，‘无我’得以确定。所谓‘组成法’指的乃是由无常等因缘所组成的诸法。‘名色’既非全体，亦非独存，故‘名色’无以确定。‘苦灭’者，谓苦的断尽。‘戒律’与‘律藏纲目’之义相同。此亦即是经文原句。‘生起’谓有一定的所作，因而谓之有确定之生起，有确定之所作，称为确定生起。依此，应分别持守对戒律所作诸事之清净与非愚痴。正因戒律三规诸多为确定生起，合则不可破，故谓诸规为不破的生起法。
Sambhedaṃ nidānañcaññanti aññampi sambhedañca nidānañca. Tattha sambhedavacanena samuṭṭhānasambhedassa gahaṇaṃ paccetabbaṃ, tāni hi tīṇi sikkhāpadāni ṭhapetvā sesāni sambhinnasamuṭṭhānāni. Nidānavacanena sikkhāpadānaṃ paññattidesasaṅkhātaṃ nidānaṃ paccetabbaṃ. Sutte dissanti uparīti sikkhāpadānaṃ samuṭṭhānaniyamo sambhedo nidānanti imāni tīṇi suttamhi eva dissanti; paññāyantīti attho. Tattha ‘‘ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhāti, kāyato ca cittato cā’’tiādimhi tāva purimanaye samuṭṭhānaniyamo ca sambhedo ca dissanti. Itaraṃ pana nidānaṃ nāma –
‘差别’与‘因缘’等，亦即分别与因缘之义。此处以‘差别’之言，必须分别生起差别之整体，戒律三规作为基础立定，而余者皆为分离生起。以‘因缘’之言，应分别戒律规矩所指定之因缘。经典中显示，戒律三规即生起的规律、差别与因缘如是三者俱见；‘了达’即是其意。于‘同一生起’之说中，生起的规律与差别俱显于‘身与心’诸处等经句。另一种因缘名曰：
‘‘Vesāliyā rājagahe, sāvatthiyā ca āḷavī;
“韦萨利、王舍城与阿罗维，
Kosambiyā ca sakkesu, bhaggesu ceva paññattā’’ti.
寇山比与萨咖、布迦等已被规定。”
Evaṃ upari dissati, parato āgate sutte dissatīti veditabbaṃ.
上述如是显现，应知未来所来经典亦将显现此义。
‘‘Vibhaṅgedvīsū’’ti gāthāya ayamattho – yaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ dvīsu vibhaṅgesu paññattaṃ uposathadivase bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo ca uddisanti, tassa yathāñāyaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ pavakkhāmi, taṃ me suṇāthāti.
此‘于二分断处’颂诗中，意谓当戒律在二种处分上于五日戒期中，针对比库与比库尼分别制定时，我将阐说此等生起，愿汝聆听我此言。
Sañcarittānubhāsanañcāti sañcarittañca samanubhāsanañca. Atirekañca cīvaranti atirekacīvaraṃ ; kathinanti attho. Lomāni padasodhammoti eḷakalomāni ca padasodhammo ca. Bhūtaṃ saṃvidhānena cāti bhūtārocanañca saṃvidahitvā addhānappaṭipajjanañca. Theyyadesanā coriṃ cāti theyyasattho ca chattapāṇissa agilānassa dhammadesanā ca corivuṭṭhāpanañca. Ananuññātāya terasāti mātāpitusāmikehi ananuññātāya saddhiṃ imāni terasa samuṭṭhānāni honti. Sadisā idha dissareti idha ubhatovibhaṅge etesu terasasu samuṭṭhānasīsesu ekekasmiṃ aññānipi sadisāni samuṭṭhānāni dissanti.
「持行熏习」与「持行相应」：持行即行为，熏习亦为相应行为。此外，「外别」即外加的袈裟；「硬」之义。毛发与足迹：毛发为身体毛发，足迹即足迹印记。已成者因缘具足：已成即既成，依因缘集结而成。天王教示盗贼：「天王」即萨咖天帝，教示盗贼指天帝劝诫盗贼；盗贼之法即为教法。未许可则三者：「母父亲属」未准许者，与之共居三种集合，且同样本质。此处可见三种集合余存，分别在两方面显现，各集合内仍见类似集合。
Paṭhamapārājikasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā第一巴拉基咖等起的解释
§258
258. Idāni tāni dassetuṃ ‘‘methunaṃ sukkasaṃsaggo’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha methunanti idaṃ tāva paṭhamapārājikaṃ nāma ekaṃ samuṭṭhānasīsaṃ, sesāni tena sadisāni. Tattha sukkasaṃsaggoti sukkavissaṭṭhi ceva kāyasaṃsaggo ca. Aniyatā paṭhamikāti paṭhamaṃ aniyatasikkhāpadaṃ. Pubbūpaparipācitāti ‘‘jānaṃ pubbūpagataṃ bhikkhu’’nti sikkhāpadañca bhikkhuniparipācitapiṇḍapātasikkhāpadañca. Raho bhikkhuniyā sahāti bhikkhuniyā saddhiṃ raho nisajjasikkhāpadañca.
258. 现今为了显示这些，称为『男女欢合相好』等。此中「男女欢合」为初品巴拉基咖，即第一条严重违犯戒律，一种集合的余存，其余为类似者。所谓「相好交合」即为细微和肉体接触。初次不定戒：第一不定内学戒。所谓既往成熟，即学戒为比库尼成道前及托钵乞食戒。隐密与共处戒，及隐密坐戒。
Sabhojane raho dve cāti sabhojane kule anupakhajjanisajjasikkhāpadañca dve rahonisajjasikkhāpadāni ca. Aṅguli udake hasanti aṅgulipatodakañca udake hasadhammasikkhāpadañca. Pahāre uggire cevāti pahāradānasikkhāpadañca talasattikauggiraṇasikkhāpadañca. Tepaññāsā ca sekhiyāti parimaṇḍalanivāsanādīni khuddakavaṇṇanāvasāne vuttāni tepaññāsa sekhiyasikkhāpadāni ca.
共同进食戒有二：在共同饮食中不损害家族和睦的坐戒，共有两种隐密坐戒。指弹水戒及衣物沾染水戒。放弃施舍戒及椰枣侍奉戒。还有三十五种应学法，即小品综述末尾中所述的教戒，也称为应学私戒。
Adhakkhagāmāvassutāti bhikkhunīnaṃ adhakkhakasikkhāpadañca gāmantaragamanaṃ avassutā avassutassa hatthato khādanīyabhojanīyaggahaṇasikkhāpadañca. Talamaṭṭhañca suddhikāti talaghātakaṃ jatumaṭṭhaṃ udakasuddhikādiyanañca. Vassaṃvuṭṭhā ca ovādanti vassaṃvuṭṭhā chappañcayojanāni sikkhāpadañca ovādāya agamanasikkhāpadañca. Nānubandhe pavattininti yā pana bhikkhunī vuṭṭhāpitaṃ pavattiniṃ dve vassāni nānubandheyyāti vuttasikkhāpadaṃ.
地区行动戒：比库尼主管戒及村中行动戒。顺从戒包括获取饮食及食物。洁净被击戒：指头及水的洁净，以及水净法。关于释放戒的提示，释迦牟尼佛戒示出入路线三十五由旬。关于不从事其他事的戒：此即比库尼所释戒律，释迦牟尼告诫两年内不可违反的戒律。
Imesikkhāti imā sikkhāyo; liṅgavipariyāyo kato. Kāyamānasikā katāti kāyacittasamuṭṭhānā katā.
这是这戒的戒律：标志行为发生了变化。身语念集成已成。
Dutiyapārājikasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā第二巴拉基咖等起的解释
§259
259.Adinnanti idaṃ tāva adinnādānanti vā dutiyapārājikanti vā ekaṃ samuṭṭhānasīsaṃ, sesāni tena sadisāni. Tattha viggahuttarīti manussaviggahauttarimanussadhammasikkhāpadāni. Duṭṭhullā attakāminanti duṭṭhullavācāattakāmapāricariyasikkhāpadāni. Amūlā aññabhāgiyāti dve duṭṭhadosasikkhāpadāni. Aniyatā dutiyikāti dutiyaṃ aniyatasikkhāpadaṃ.
259.「不取」即不取他人所有，通常为第二重巴拉基咖，是一类集合的余存，其他为类似者。分别为肉体伤害戒及不伤害人类戒。恶口戒及恶心戒的行为。恶语戒包括恶语与恶意行为。无根无份者为两种恶行戒。第二不定戒即第二不定戒律。
Acchinde pariṇāmaneti sāmaṃ cīvaraṃ datvā acchindanañca saṅghikalābhassa attano pariṇāmanañca. Musā omasapesuṇāti musāvādo ca omasavādo ca bhikkhupesuññañca. Duṭṭhullā pathavīkhaṇeti duṭṭhullāpattiārocanañca pathavīkhaṇañca. Bhūtaṃ aññāya ujjhāpeti bhūtagāmaaññavādakaujjhāpanakasikkhāpadāni.
割舍即变更，指比库放弃旧有衣物后的更换。此述有比库布施合宜衣物，乃至舍弃之事。诳语谓为虚妄言说、谬误言辞并比库不净言，皆为谬语。恶言如地狱般苦，含恶意指责及毁谤亦是恶言。作践他人身者，乃增恶行之示范戒律。
Nikkaḍḍhanaṃ siñcanañcāti vihārato nikkaḍḍhanañca udakena tiṇādisiñcanañca. Āmisahetu bhuttāvīti ‘‘āmisahetu bhikkhuniyo ovadantī’’ti sikkhāpadañca, bhuttāviṃ anatirittena khādanīyādinā pavāraṇāsikkhāpadañca. Ehi anādari bhiṃsāti ‘‘ehāvuso gāmaṃ vā’’ti sikkhāpadañca, anādariyañca bhikkhubhiṃsāpanakañca. Apanidhe ca jīvitanti pattādīnaṃ apanidhānasikkhāpadañca, sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitāvoropanañca.
溢水施洒，指独坐时施洒四周及浇水于草木等。食肉缘起，谓比库受持戒律中戒勉戒条，劝彼比库勿食肉。劝诫入村，戒言「同伴勿辱村庄」，为不可冒犯及侵犯戒。敌意藏匿，谓不得存放毒饵或有害物品于所处处所。积食更命为生，此戒制诸比库不得藏匿食物，且不得攫取他生口粮。
Jānaṃ sappāṇakaṃ kammanti jānaṃ sappāṇakaudakasikkhāpadañca punakammāya ukkoṭanañca. Ūnasaṃvāsanāsanāti ūnavīsativassasikkhāpadañca ukkhittakena saddhiṃ saṃvāsasikkhāpadañca nāsitakasāmaṇerasambhogasikkhāpadañca. Sahadhammikaṃ vilekhāti sahadhammikaṃ vuccamānasikkhāpadañca, vilekhāya saṃvattantīti āgatasikkhāpadañca. Moho amūlakena cāti mohanake pācittiyasikkhāpadañca, amūlakena saṅghādisesena anuddhaṃsanasikkhāpadañca.
盗窃与贪著，此指制止盗窃行为的戒律。隐居不出，指少于二十一年的不出家小沙门戒，合乎规定时须禁止外出。共享同法，谓同处一地共行教法戒律。受戒挖凿，意谓初入僧者不得践踏他人地界。愚痴迷惑，谓无明根基者犯戒，依戒规对其处分。
Kukkuccaṃ dhammikaṃ cīvaraṃ datvāti kukkuccaupadahanañca, dhammikānaṃ kammānaṃ chandaṃ datvā khīyanañca, cīvaraṃ datvā khīyanañca. Pariṇāmeyya puggaleti saṅghikaṃ lābhaṃ puggalassa pariṇāmanasikkhāpadaṃ. Kiṃ te akālaṃ acchindeti ‘‘kiṃ te ayye eso purisapuggalo karissatī’’ti āgatasikkhāpadañca, ‘‘akālacīvaraṃ kālacīvara’’nti adhiṭṭhahitvā bhājanasikkhāpadañca, bhikkhuniyā saddhiṃ cīvaraṃ parivattetvā acchindanasikkhāpadañca. Duggahī nirayenacāti duggahitena duppadhāritena paraṃ ujjhāpanasikkhāpadañca, nirayena vā brahmacariyena vā abhisapanasikkhāpadañca.
嫌恨内心，谓因内心不悦致衣物弃离及不续存。对正法之精进志愿衰减，致衣物耗损弃舍。舍弃衣物是个人与僧团所得利益之断灭，违反戒律。为何不应过早弃衣？以此戒止无故弃舍恶习。以时节衣之禁为戒，教示正当发心更衣。比库尼与比库共用衣物，将导致衣物断裂戒。犯恶果现世痛苦，应明晓地狱苦与戒律之关系，及戒律破坏所致恶缘。
Gaṇaṃ vibhaṅga dubbalanti ‘‘gaṇassa cīvaralābhaṃ antarāyaṃ kareyyā’’ti ca ‘‘dhammikaṃ cīvaravibhaṅgaṃ paṭibāheyyā’’ti ca ‘‘dubbalacīvarapaccāsāya cīvarakālasamayaṃ atikkāmeyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadāni. Kathinā phāsu passayanti ‘‘dhammikaṃ kathinuddhāraṃ paṭibāheyya, bhikkhuniyā sañcicca aphāsuṃ kareyya, bhikkhuniyā upassayaṃ datvā kupitā anattamanā nikkaḍḍheyya vā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadāni. Akkosacaṇḍī maccharīti ‘‘bhikkhuṃ akkoseyya vā paribhāseyya vā, caṇḍikatā gaṇaṃ paribhāseyya, kule maccharinī assā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadāni. Gabbhiniñca pāyantiyāti ‘‘gabbhiniṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, pāyantiṃ vuṭṭhāpeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadāni.
服装公分破损戒，谓服装破损应及时修补，不应迟延。正法衣破，非由使用自损者，不应任其残破。恶习蔓延导致衣物损坏不即修理，戒律禁止。戒心刚强亦应及时修复，不应懈怠。比库尼若贪恋衣物，美色淫然怒虐等种种戒律一一教诫远离。妄怒诽谤同众如噬血蚊蝇，不可容许。
Dvevassaṃ sikkhā saṅghenāti ‘‘dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, sikkhitasikkhaṃ sikkhamānaṃ saṅghena asammataṃ vuṭṭhāpeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadāni. Tayo ceva gihīgatāti ūnadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ, paripuṇṇadvādasavassaṃ gihigataṃ ‘‘dve vassāni chasu dhammesu asikkhitasikkhaṃ dve vassāni sikkhitasikkhaṃ saṅghena asammata’’nti vuttasikkhāpadāni. Kumāribhūtā tissoti ‘‘ūnavīsativassaṃ kumāribhūta’’ntiādinā nayena vuttā tisso. Ūnadvādasasammatāti ‘‘ūnadvādasavassā vuṭṭhāpeyya, paripuṇṇadvādasavassā saṅghena asammatā vuṭṭhāpeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
二年受戒，谓比库二年未修满受戒之戒侣，依律应出家。三年及还俗，指个月满十二及复还俗之规定戒律。幼童比库者，应按二十一岁以下之规定守戒。未满十二岁合格受戒者，应于十二岁之前受戒及复还俗规矩。
Alaṃ tāva sokāvāsanti ‘‘alaṃ tāva te ayye vuṭṭhāpitenā’’ti ca, ‘‘caṇḍiṃ sokāvāsaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Chandā anuvassā ca dveti ‘‘pārivāsikachandadānena sikkhamānaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, anuvassaṃ vuṭṭhāpeyya, ekaṃ vassaṃ dve vuṭṭhāpeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Samuṭṭhānā tikā katāti tikasamuṭṭhānā katā.
“不要在此时因忧伤而停滞不前”与“正在修习的人当断除强烈的忧伤”这两条训诂戒律曾有宣说。理由和继承也有两条，即“应通过给予同住者的愿心，令正在修习者断除忧伤，应持续断除忧伤，一年或两年间皆可断除”，这两条训诂戒律亦曾被宣说。关于“聚起”的注释即是对聚起的详细注解。
Sañcarittasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā作媒往来等起的解释
§260
260.Sañcarīkuṭi vihāroti sañcarittaṃ saññācikāya kuṭikaraṇaṃ mahallakavihārakaraṇañca. Dhovanañca paṭiggahoti aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā purāṇacīvaradhovāpanañca cīvarapaṭiggahaṇañca. Viññattuttari abhihaṭṭhunti aññātakaṃ gahapatiṃ cīvaraviññāpanaṃ tatuttarisādiyanasikkhāpadañca. Ubhinnaṃ dūtakena cāti ‘‘cīvaracetāpannaṃ upakkhaṭaṃ hotī’’ti āgatasikkhāpadadvayañca dūtena cīvaracetāpannapahitasikkhāpadañca.
“行脚小舍”即是因行脚生活而设的小型住宿处，作舍者亦兼领管理职责。“洗浴与收取”是指外来比库尼帮助清洗旧衣，以及收取衣物的行为。面对变化，外人会向持戒者传达衣物陈述，这亦包括三种持戒方式。由两名使者以『衣服有缺损须修补』的训诂戒律告知，同时也传达已修补完毕的戒律。
Kosiyā suddhadvebhāgā, chabbassāni nisīdananti ‘‘kosiyamissakaṃ santhata’’ntiādīni pañca sikkhāpadāni. Riñcanti rūpikā cevāti vibhaṅge ‘‘riñcanti uddesa’’nti āgataṃ eḷakalomadhovāpanaṃ rūpiyappaṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadañca. Ubho nānappakārakāti rūpiyasaṃvohārakayavikkayasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
有关高贵族属的洁净划分，六十年里皆坐于“高贵族族群中”，称之为五条戒律。论藏中有“拦截的金银器皿”，这里指以拦截用途的金屈斗捕捉器具、银质收受物。两者皆有不同的运作方式，是指操持银器的技能衰退与戒律的两条。
Ūnabandhanavassikāti ūnapañcabandhanapattasikkhāpadañca vassikasāṭikasikkhāpadañca. Suttaṃ vikappanena cāti suttaṃ viññāpetvā cīvaravāyāpanañca tantavāye upasaṅkamitvā cīvare vikappāpajjanañca. Dvāradānasibbāni cāti yāva dvārakosā aggaḷaṭṭhapanāya, ‘‘aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ dadeyya, cīvaraṃ sibbeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Pūvapaccayajoti cāti pūvehi vā manthehi vā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavāraṇāsikkhāpadaṃ cātumāsapaccayappavāraṇājotisamādahanasikkhāpadāni ca.
“无缚五绳年”指无须五根绳索束缚的成人禁戒，以及年度禁戒与庙禁戒。这里“经文宣布”是指通知经文本身，亦包括衣物的保管与修补，甚至用线缝补。供门口使用的短劣稻草鞋，指用于门口以防滑倒的辅助物。外来比库尼可赠与衣物，衣物亦可传递，这些戒律皆有记载。所谓先前的因缘，就是在先通过或禁止敲击等制戒，以及四个月的特定时间内禁止点燃灯火等戒律。
Ratanaṃsūci mañco ca, tūlaṃ nisīdanakaṇḍu ca, vassikā ca sugatenāti ratanasikkhāpadañceva sūcigharasikkhāpadādīni ca satta sikkhāpadāni. Viññatti aññaṃ cetāpanā, dve saṅghikā mahājanikā, dve puggalalahukā garūti ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī aññaṃ viññāpetvā aññaṃ viññāpeyyā’’tiādīni nava sikkhāpadāni. Dve vighāsā sāṭikā cāti ‘‘uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā saṅkāraṃ vā vighāsaṃ vā tirokuṭṭe vā tiropākāre vā chaḍḍeyya vā chaḍḍāpeyya vā, harite chaḍḍeyya vā chaḍḍāpeyya vā’’ti evaṃ vuttāni dve vighāsasikkhāpadāni ca udakasāṭikāsikkhāpadañca. Samaṇacīvarena cāti ‘‘samaṇacīvaraṃ dadeyyā’’ti idametaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.
宝珠、针线枕、坐垫及软席，这些宝珠类禁戒乃至针、线、盒子等七条戒律。含有讼诉诉知，分别为两种教团共有的戒律和两种针对轻微个人的持戒规矩，称为“轻重”两仪戒律。两种打扰行为是嗓音、气息的粗重紊乱，或言语不清或粗猛，有明确禁止和允许的差别，也包含水性相关的禁戒。提到沙门衣袍须受予，专为此事而宣讲。
Samanubhāsanāsamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā劝谏等起的解释
§261
261.Bhedānuvattadubbacadūsaduṭṭhulladiṭṭhicāti saṅghabhedānuvattakadubbacakuladūsakaduṭṭhullappaṭicchādanadiṭṭhiappaṭinissajjanasikkhāpadāni. Chandaṃ ujjagghikā dve cāti chandaṃ adatvā gamanasikkhāpadaṃ ujjagghikāya antaraghare gamananisīdanasikkhāpadadvayañca. Dve ca saddāti ‘‘appasaddo antaraghare gamissāmi, nisīdissāmī’’ti sikkhāpadadvayañca. Na byāhareti ‘‘na sakabaḷena mukhena byāharissāmī’’ti sikkhāpadaṃ.
这是指违反团体和合的恶行戒律，包括违犯团结、破坏和散乱的戒律。关于意向的禁止有二种，即依从意欲而违反的旅行行为戒律，以及因意欲控制而于屋内行走与就坐的两条戒律。还有关于语音的两种，即在屋内应避免发出声响，及不得以任何力量出口言语的戒律。
Chamā nīcāsane ṭhānaṃ, pacchato uppathena cāti chamāyaṃ nisīditvā, nīce āsane nisīditvā; ṭhitena nisinnassa, pacchato gacchantena purato gacchantassa, uppathena gacchantena pathena gacchantassa dhammadesanāsikkhāpadāni. Vajjānuvattigahaṇāti vajjappaṭicchādanauakhattānuvattakahatthaggahaṇādisaṅkhātāni tīṇi pārājikāni. Osāre paccācikkhanāti ‘‘anapaloketvā kārakasaṅghaṃ anaññāya gaṇassa chandaṃ osāreyyā’’ti ca ‘‘buddhaṃ paccakkhāmī’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
「坐处低座」者，谓坐于低位之处。后文谓「沿侧行」者，于侧道行走。此处分别列举教团中行持法则：或坐于低座，或坐立者；行走时有从后行、从前行、沿侧路行之分别。此等教法戒律，是为弘法之要。所谓『戒律聚合』，即是由遮妨诽谤、及掌印相持等手段维系教团清净之三大巴拉基戒组成。所谓「规谛查验」者，指不私自观查、不憎恶他团、不妨碍共业，以此二戒言说护持佛法之教团。
Kismiṃ saṃsaṭṭhā dve vadhīti ‘‘kismiñcideva adhikaraṇe paccākatā’’ti ca ‘‘bhikkhuniyo paneva saṃsaṭṭhā viharantī’’ti ca ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī evaṃ vadeyya saṃsaṭṭhāva ayye tumhe viharathā’’ti ca ‘‘attānaṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā rodeyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadāni. Visibbe dukkhitāya cāti ‘‘bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṃ visibbetvā vā visibbāpetvā vā’’ti ca ‘‘dukkhitaṃ sahajīvini’’nti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Puna saṃsaṭṭhā na vūpasameti ‘‘saṃsaṭṭhā vihareyya gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā’’ti evaṃ puna vuttasaṃsaṭṭhasikkhāpadañca ‘‘ehayye, imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasamehī’’ti vuccamānā, ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā ‘‘sā pacchā anantarāyikinī neva vūpasammeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadañca. Ārāmañca pavāraṇāti ‘‘jānaṃ sabhikkhukaṃ ārāmaṃ anāpucchā paviseyyā’’ti ca ‘‘ubhatosaṅghe tīhi ṭhānehi na pavāreyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
关于「结集」之义，谓在某事务上集会。特别言比库尼极为集会安住。若有人妄言，谓比库尼若如是言，好让众议会安住，则应哀号为自己被害。此为戒律言说之示例。所谓「公开衣物」者，谓比库尼曝晒或故意使僧衣显露，是为自然衣苦这一戒的示例。若结集不止息，则言其应与居士或居士子女共处。继而戒律又言该结集场合应安静，不得扰乱，若如此则安住。所谓「禁入林区」者，比库尼不问难，随意出入寺院林区并不妥当。结集戒律中有此规定。
Anvaddhaṃ sahajīviniṃ dveti ‘‘anvaddhamāsaṃ bhikkhuniyā bhikkhusaṅghato dve dhammā paccāsīsitabbā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadañca, ‘‘sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā dve vassāni neva anuggaṇheyya, sahajīviniṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā neva vūpakāseyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadadvayañca. Cīvaraṃ anubandhanāti ‘‘sace me tvaṃ, ayye, cīvaraṃ dassasi, evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti ca ‘‘sace maṃ tvaṃ, ayye, dve vassāni anubandhissasi, evāhaṃ taṃ vuṭṭhāpessāmī’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
「扰乱异性生活」者，即比库尼在结集期间，不得做两项行为：一不得离开比库僧团二不得离开僧团达二年之久，也不得行不安止之事。若有人见到僧衣，应言将解脱之意；若对他人施以两年之衣衫束缚，亦应言将解脱。此为戒律中阐明衣物相关束缚之戒条款。
Kathinasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā咖提那衣等起的解释
§262
262.Ubbhataṃkathinaṃ tīṇīti ‘‘niṭṭhitacīvarasmiṃ bhikkhunā ubbhatasmiṃ kathine’’ti vuttāni āditova tīṇi sikkhāpadāni. Paṭhamaṃ pattabhesajjanti ‘‘dasāhaparamaṃ atirekapatto’’ti vuttaṃ paṭhamapattasikkhāpadañca ‘‘paṭisāyanīyāni bhesajjānī’’ti vuttasikkhāpadañca. Accekañcāpi sāsaṅkanti accekacīvarasikkhāpadañca tadanantarameva sāsaṅkasikkhāpadañca. Pakkamantena vā duveti ‘‘taṃ pakkamanto neva uddhareyyā’’ti bhūtagāmavagge vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
关于「迎请三难行」：谓比库尼着巾衣而于三难行（即雨季安居）中升起衣物，此为三条重要戒律。第一，所持有之一日外用药物是上品，不可多余取用，且必须记者医药之衣物。第二，为衣物单独晒物之戒在相继之日依序摄持。若从旁而行，则不得予以取出，此为古法规定。
Upassayaṃ paramparāti ‘‘bhikkhunupassayaṃ gantvā bhikkhuniyo ovadeyyā’’ti ca ‘‘paramparabhojane pācittiya’’nti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Anatirittaṃ nimantanāti ‘‘anatirittaṃ khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā’’ti ca ‘‘nimantito sabhatto samāno’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Vikappaṃ rañño vikāleti ‘‘sāmaṃ cīvaraṃ vikappetvā’’ti ca ‘‘rañño khattiyassā’’ti ca ‘‘vikāle gāmaṃ paviseyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Vosāsāraññakena cāti ‘‘vosāsamānarūpā ṭhitā’’ti ca ‘‘tathārūpesu āraññakesu senāsanesu pubbe appaṭisaṃvidita’’nti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
「祈请继承」者，谓拜访比库尼之居所，其间与比库尼共食，此为过失戒条。谓不可妄请他人食物，及不可随意约请在场食。又言，若有束缚之后之衣物出现，便构成诽谤之罪。此戒条亦规定受王或贵族之衣物后，不得于时日不宜时入村中。所谓「本林林居」者，原先就林中修行荒野之处，不得经常进入外在住宿场所。此为戒律警示。
Ussayā sannicayañcāti ‘‘ussayavādikā’’ti ca ‘‘pattasannicayaṃ kareyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Pure pacchā vikāle cāti ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī purebhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā’’ti ca, ‘‘pacchābhattaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamitvā’’ti ca, ‘‘vikāle kulāni upasaṅkamitvā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Pañcāhikā saṅkamanīti ‘‘pañcāhikā saṅghāṭicāraṃ atikkameyyā’’ti ca ‘‘cīvarasaṅkamanīyaṃ dhāreyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Dvepi āvasathena cāti ‘‘āvasathacīvaraṃ anissajjitvā paribhuñjeyya, āvasathaṃ anissajjitvā cārikaṃ pakkameyyā’’ti ca evaṃ āvasathena saddhiṃ vuttasikkhāpadāni ca dve.
「集会依怙」者，即依赖具法的辩论者并聚集，谓当于集会中实行集体功德。前后于不同时间均有寒暑依怙。谓比库尼首先早起拜访本族，后又拜访他族，是戒律条文中明言之。他们不应超越五夜经行。亦谓应遵守五夜之衣物行规。依住被服，谓无固定依赖衣物生活。欲出行当不能执著于住所。此戒律值得研究，亦昭示其对衣物住所之应有尊重。
Pasākhe āsane cevāti ‘‘pasākhe jātaṃ gaṇḍaṃ vā’’ti ca ‘‘bhikkhussa purato anāpucchā āsane nisīdeyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
关于“在宽大处坐”之义，所谓“在宽处生起肿块或其他”的说法，以及“比库当面坐下，不可询问”的两条出家戒律训诂。
Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā羊毛生起之解释
§263
263.Eḷakalomādve seyyāti eḷakalomasikkhāpadañceva dve ca sahaseyyasikkhāpadāni. Āhacca piṇḍabhojananti āhaccapādakasikkhāpadañca āvasathapiṇḍabhojanasikkhāpadañca. Gaṇavikālasannidhīti gaṇabhojanavikālabhojanasannidhikārakasikkhāpadattayaṃ . Dantaponena celakāti dantaponasikkhāpadañca acelakasikkhāpadañca. Uyyuttaṃ senaṃ uyyodhīti ‘‘uyyuttaṃ senaṃ dassanāya gaccheyya, senāya vaseyya, uyyodhikaṃ vā…pe… anīkadassanaṃ vā gaccheyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Surā orena nhāyanāti surāpānasikkhāpadañca orenaddhamāsanahānasikkhāpadañca. Dubbaṇṇe dve desanikāti ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ dubbaṇṇakaraṇāna’’nti vuttasikkhāpadañca vuttāvasesapāṭidesanīyadvayañca. Lasuṇupatiṭṭhe naccanāti lasuṇasikkhāpadaṃ, ‘‘bhikkhussa bhuñjantassa pānīyena vā vidhūpanena vā upatiṭṭheyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadaṃ, ‘‘naccaṃ vā gītaṃ vā vāditaṃ vā dassanāya gaccheyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadañca. Ito paraṃ pāḷiṃ virajjhitvā likhanti. Yathā pana atthaṃ vaṇṇayissāma; evamettha anukkamo veditabbo.
263.有两条以细毛为戒条的戒律，即细毛戒条与双寝戒条。此外，称作“请食”与“请饭食”的戒条，及与请饭食同义的请脚戒条和请宿饭戒条。所谓“众饭时间临近”，即众饭时间临近的决定性戒律，称为“会食时临近戒条”。有关于牙刷的戒条，称为牙刷戒条与非牙刷戒条。所谓“出征军队”，即“出征军队见闻、驻扎军队、作军队首领……或赴敌军观察”之戒律。称“以酒洗浴”，即饮酒戒条与以酒沐浴戒条。关于“讲说被称为三恶声者”，即“三恶声制造者”的戒条，以及相关的结束后应悔戒条。关于“弹奏大蒜鼓舞蹈”，即弹奏大蒜戒条，及“比库食用时用水或香烟熏手”，还有“出游跳舞、歌唱、奏乐以观摩”的戒律。以上巴利文辞脱去杂质，其义大概可作如下说明，译者依此略作解释。
Nhānamattharaṇaṃseyyāti ‘‘naggā nahāyeyya, ekattharaṇapāvuraṇā tuvaṭṭeyyuṃ, ekamañce tuvaṭṭeyyu’’nti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Antoraṭṭhe tathā bahīti ‘‘antoraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate, tiroraṭṭhe sāsaṅkasammate’’ti vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Antovassaṃ cittāgāranti ‘‘antovassaṃ cārikaṃ pakkameyya, rājāgāraṃ vā cittāgāraṃ vā…pe… pokkharaṇiṃ vā dassanāya gaccheyyā’’ti ca vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Āsandiṃ suttakantanāti ‘‘āsandiṃ vā pallaṅkaṃ vā paribhuñjeyya, suttaṃ kanteyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ.
淋浴该如何践行，即裸体沐浴，利用一种抹布遮体，或用一床覆盖的戒条。关于衬衣的规定，有两条，即衬衣宽度得许可范围，三幅宽度同样在许可之内的戒律。关于室内卫所称“内室”，即“居室围墙许可范围内”，三室以内许可范围的两条戒律。叫做居室的职责，即“从内室出游、赴王舍城或居室、池塘一带查看”的两条戒条。关于床榻的规定，即“床榻伸展或使用，有布垫承载”的两条规定。
Veyyāvaccaṃ sahatthā cāti ‘‘gihiveyyāvaccaṃ kareyya, agārikassa vā paribbājakassa vā paribbājikāya vā sahatthā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā dadeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ. Abhikkhukāvāsena cāti ‘‘abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vaseyyā’’ti idametaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Chattaṃ yānañca saṅghāṇinti ‘‘chattupāhanaṃ dhāreyya, yānena yāyeyya, saṅghāṇiṃ dhāreyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Alaṅkāragandhavāsitanti ‘‘itthālaṅkāraṃ dhāreyya, gandhacuṇṇakena nahāyeyya, vāsitakena piññākena nahāyeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Bhikkhunītiādinā ‘‘bhikkhuniyā ummaddāpeyyā’’tiādīni cattāri sikkhāpadāni vuttāni. Asaṅkaccikā āpattīti ‘‘asaṅkaccikā gāmaṃ paviseyya pācittiya’’nti evaṃ vuttaāpatti ca. Cattārīsā catuttarīti etāni sabbānipi catucattālīsa sikkhāpadāni vuttāni.
广义的供养，谓“应当供养居士，以及出家老者、比库尼、游方者，悉给饮食和主、副食”的戒律。称“比库住所”，即“应住在比库宿所、一年住满”的训诂。称“伞车众人”，即“应持伞盖，乘车而行，保持众僧”的训诂。称“饰品香味”，即“女众应着饰品，用香粉沐浴，并以香膏洗浴”的训诂。关于比库尼系列戒律，诸如“比库尼当禁止醉酒”等四条戒律。称“无误犯戒”，谓“无意进入村落应先忏悔”的戒律。合计共有四十三条戒律传出。
Kāyena na vācācittena, kāyacittena na vācatoti kāyena ceva kāyacittena ca samuṭṭhahanti; na vācācittena na vācatoti attho. Dvisamuṭṭhānikā sabbe, samā eḷakalomikāti idaṃ uttānatthameva.
身意非口，身意相应者为合，两者俱非者为非口身意。即身与意俱存，称为合身意；身意俱非者无此义。两种合之身意总归同一，皆属细毛戒条，此为其上层含义。
Padasodhammasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā足净法生起之解释
§264
264.Padaññatra asammatāti ‘‘padaso dhammaṃ, mātugāmassa uttarichappañcavācāhi dhammaṃ deseyya, aññatra viññunā purisaviggahena, asammato bhikkhuniyo ovadeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Tathā atthaṅgatena cāti ‘‘atthaṅgate sūriye ovadeyyā’’ti idametaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tiracchānavijjā dveti ‘‘tiracchānavijjaṃ pariyāpuṇeyya, vāceyyā’’ti evaṃ vuttasikkhāpadadvayaṃ . Anokāso ca pucchanāti ‘‘anokāsakataṃ bhikkhuṃ pañhaṃ puccheyyā’’ti idametaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.
264.所谓“失当章节”，即「章节的内容为母语或北方五方言讲授，非由明识男子授教，比库尼不当劝导」的戒律训诂。又言“适当场合”，即“日照之时应劝诫”的训诂。所谓“邪术”，即“应废除邪术，应当宣讲”的两条戒条。此外，称“可问者”，谓“不可问答者的比库，应当发问”的训诂。
Addhānasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā旅途生起之解释
§265
265.Addhānanāvaṃ paṇītanti ‘‘bhikkhuniyā saddhiṃ saṃvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjeyya, ekaṃ nāvaṃ abhiruheyya, paṇītabhojanāni agilāno attano atthāya viññāpetvā bhuñjeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Mātugāmena saṃhareti mātugāmena saddhiṃ saṃvidhāya gamanañca ‘‘sambādhe lomaṃ saṃharāpeyyā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadañca. Dhaññaṃ nimantitā cevāti ‘‘dhaññaṃ viññāpetvā vā’’ti ca ‘‘nimantitā vā pavāritā vā khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā’’ti vuttasikkhāpadañca. Aṭṭha cāti bhikkhunīnaṃ vuttā aṭṭha pāṭidesanīyā vā.
第265条谓曰：比库尼们应共同约定，共同行动，实行单一舟次，即共乘一舟，独自登舟，舍弃不净食物，为自身利益宣示后食用。此为教导戒律所说。与母众一同行动，则应共同约定往行，称为“除毛拘束”，谓须除去逆毛。关于谷物之戒文亦有谓，必先声明谷物，或“已被邀请”者，可食用或食用之。此处多有八条，谓比库尼所宣说者即八条应悔过戒律。
Theyyasatthasamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā盗贼队生起之解释
§266
266.Theyyasatthaṃ upassutīti theyyasatthena saddhiṃ saṃvidhāya ekaddhānamaggagamanañca upassutitiṭṭhanañca. Sūpaviññāpanena cāti idaṃ sūpodanaviññattiṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Rattichannañca okāsanti ‘‘rattandhakāre appadīpe, paṭicchanne okāse, ajjhokāse purisena saddhi’’nti evaṃ vuttasikkhāpadattayaṃ. Byūhena sattamāti idaṃ tadanantarameva ‘‘rathikāya vā byūhe vā siṅghāṭake vā purisena saddhi’’nti āgatasikkhāpadaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ.
第266条所谓近宿，即与该近宿同意而单一舟次同行，称为近宿并座。所谓靠窝布知（暗中示意），是指对靠窝布知之暗示语而立定该戒文。夜间开口者戒律中谓，“夜暗时于微光下，隐蔽之处，明亮之时，男子同在场合”均如是戒文所云。所谓拨组（战阵）七，是指紧接此后立定的“乘坐战车或披裘，与男子同在处”的戒律。
Dhammadesanāsamuṭṭhānavaṇṇanā说法生起之解释
§267
267. Dhammadesanāsamuṭṭhānāni ekādasa uttānāneva. Evaṃ tāva sambhinnasamuṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Niyatasamuṭṭhānaṃ pana tividhaṃ, taṃ ekekasseva sikkhāpadassa hoti, taṃ visuṃyeva dassetuṃ ‘‘bhūtaṃ kāyena jāyatī’’tiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ uttānameva. Nettidhammānulomikanti vinayapāḷidhammassa anulomanti.
第267条 佛法宣说的集会次数为十一。如此，止当知道诸这种分散集会的情况。定集会则有三种，此对应各别戒文。旨在清楚示现“生身之果”之形象即戒文现象，即为集会。所谓正法之顺行，是说遵循律藏正文的通顺法理。
Samuṭṭhānasīsavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 生起章节之解释已毕。