10. Kosambakakkhandhako · 10. 国桑比篇集义注
10. Kosambakakkhandhakaṃ第十 国桑比篇集
Kosambakavivādakathā国桑比诤论之说
§451
451. Kosambakakkhandhake – taṃ bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipiṃsūti ettha ayamanupubbikathā – dve kira bhikkhū ekasmiṃ āvāse vasanti vinayadharo ca suttantiko ca. Tesu suttantiko bhikkhu ekadivasaṃ vaccakuṭiṃ paviṭṭho ācamanaudakāvasesaṃ bhājane ṭhapetvāva nikkhami. Vinayadharo pacchā paviṭṭho taṃ udakaṃ disvā nikkhamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ pucchi – ‘‘āvuso, tayā idaṃ udakaṃ ṭhapita’’nti? ‘‘Āmāvuso’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ tvaṃ ettha āpattibhāvaṃ na jānāsī’’ti? ‘‘Āma, na jānāmī’’ti. ‘‘Hoti, āvuso ettha āpattī’’ti? ‘‘Sace hoti, desissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Sace pana te, āvuso, asañcicca asatiyā kataṃ, natthi āpattī’’ti. So tassā āpattiyā anāpattidiṭṭhi ahosi.
451. 《国桑比篇》——有云:以当看到比库犯戒为因缘处罚他者,此处为顺序说明。说有两位比库同住一宿舍,一位守持戒律,一位通晓经文。此中的通晓经文比库,某日入舍后,将饮水和剩余食物摆放整齐,然后出门。守戒律的比库随后入舍,见到该水便出门,便问此比库:“尊者,您是否放置了这水?”“是的,尊者。”“为何对此戒犯之事不知?”“诚然,不知。”“是否有犯戒?”“若有,我当告知。”“若无您故意违反假说,则无犯戒。”于是此比库的犯戒定见便不成立。
Vinayadharopi attano nissitakānaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ suttantiko āpattiṃ āpajjamānopi na jānātī’’ti ārocesi. Te tassa nissitake disvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ upajjhāyo āpattiṃ āpajjitvāpi āpattibhāvaṃ na jānātī’’ti āhaṃsu. Te gantvā attano upajjhāyassa ārocesuṃ. So evamāha – ‘‘ayaṃ vinayadharo pubbe anāpattī’’ti vatvā ‘‘idāni āpattī’’ti vadati. Musāvādī esoti. Te gantvā ‘‘tumhākaṃ upajjhāyo musāvādī’’ti evaṃ aññamaññaṃ kalahaṃ vaḍḍhayiṃsu. Tato vinayadharo okāsaṃ labhitvā tassa āpattiyā adassane ukkhepanīyakammaṃ akāsi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘taṃ bhikkhuṃ āpattiyā adassane ukkhipiṃsū’’ti.
守戒律比库向其亲近弟子说:“这位通晓经文者即使犯戒,也不自知。”弟子们见其亲近者如此说,便答:“你们的导师无论犯戒,竟对犯戒之理不知。”弟子们于是去告诉自己导师。该比库答曰:“此人过去无犯戒,如今却有犯戒。”称其为妄语者。继而弟子们彼此起争执,互相称对方为谎话制造者。因而该守戒律比库见机行事,对此犯戒不察之人施以严惩。故有“视此比库犯戒时,予以处罚”之语。
§453
453.Bhinno bhikkhusaṅgho bhinno bhikkhusaṅghoti ettha na tāva bhinno; apica kho yathā deve vuṭṭhe ‘‘idāni sassaṃ nipphanna’’nti vuccati, avassañhi taṃ nipphajjissati, evameva iminā kāraṇena āyatiṃ avassaṃ bhijjissati, so ca kho kalahavasena na saṅghabhedavasena, tasmā ‘‘bhinno’’ti vuttaṃ. Sambhamaatthavasena cettha āmeḍitaṃ veditabbaṃ.
453. "比库僧团分裂,比库僧团分裂"——此处并非真分裂。但如天神所言“今已成坏”,必然终必分解。以此理故,未来必然毁坏。且此毁坏因争论生起,并非法义团体分裂。故言“分裂”。为免诸误,应以联合意涵解之。
§454
454.Etamatthaṃbhāsitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmīti kasmā evaṃ bhāsitvā pakkāmi? Sace hi bhagavā ukkhepake vā ‘‘akāraṇe tumhehi so bhikkhu ukkhitto’’ti vadeyya, ukkhittānuvattake vā ‘‘tumhe āpattiṃ āpannā’’ti vadeyya, ‘‘etesaṃ bhagavā pakkho, etesaṃ bhagavā pakkho’’ti vatvā āghātaṃ bandheyyuṃ, tasmā tantimeva ṭhapetvā etamatthaṃ bhāsitvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
454. 讲完此义,我即起立离座。为何起立?若世尊斥责说:“你们无故辱骂此比库”,或指控:“你们犯戒”,并连称“世尊之力在此,世尊之力在此”,欲以威力制止,则我即起立离座以示反对。所以依此义故,言语结束后起立离座。
§455
455.Attanā vā attānanti ettha yo saṅghena ukkhepanīyakatānaṃ adhammavādīnaṃ pakkhe nisinno ‘‘tumhe kiṃ bhaṇathā’’ti tesañca itaresañca laddhiṃ sutvā ‘‘ime adhammavādino, itare dhammavādino’’ti cittaṃ uppādeti, ayaṃ tesaṃ majjhe nisinnova tesaṃ nānāsaṃvāsako hoti, kammaṃ kopeti, itaresampi hatthapāsaṃ anāgatattā kopeti. Evaṃ attanā vā attānaṃ nānāsaṃvāsakaṃ karoti. Samānasaṃvāsakanti etthāpi yo adhammavādīnaṃ pakkhe nisinno ‘‘adhammavādino ime, itare dhammavādino’’ti tesaṃ majjhaṃ pavisati, yattha vā tattha vā pana pakkhe nisinno ‘‘ime dhammavādino’’ti gaṇhāti, ayaṃ attanā vā attānaṃ samānasaṃvāsakaṃ karotīti veditabbo.
455. "自我与他我"——此处指与僧团中争论犯戒的异见人同坐,问其:“你说何事?”听闻彼此,心生:这些是不正法论者,那是正法论者。在他们中间坐着,心情复杂,生怨恨。也对他人动粗,怀恨将来。故此由自我心灵作诸纷扰。通俗说即是与自己制造纷争者同座。所谓同座,指与不正法论者同坐,置于中间而不偏袒任一,这即是自我制造敌对。
§456
456.Kāyakammaṃ vacīkammanti ettha kāyena paharantā kāyakammaṃ upadaṃsenti, pharusaṃ vadantā vacīkammaṃ upadaṃsentīti veditabbā. Hatthaparāmāsaṃ karontīti kodhavasena hatthehi aññamaññaṃ parāmasanaṃ karonti. Adhammiyāyamāneti adhammiyāni kiccāni kurumāne. Asammodikāvattamānāyāti asammodikāya vattamānāya. Ayameva vā pāṭho. Sammodanakathāya avattamānāyāti attho. Ettāvatā na aññamaññanti ettha dve pantiyo katvā upacāraṃ muñcitvā nisīditabbaṃ, dhammiyāyamāne pana sammodikāya vattamānāya āsanantarikāya nisīditabbaṃ, ekekaṃ āsanaṃ antaraṃ katvā nisīditabbaṃ.
456. “身业与口业”,此指以身形作身体活动,言语即表达粗恶口业之意。因动手指责彼此者,生忿怒之感。为害法者行不正业。阿含中所载即是此义。为赞成所谓反对之意。此处原文本如此。然彼此不理会。故分为两句,中间断开,先宽容劝导者弃座而坐,劝导者勤修,劝导者于座位间断坐。
§457-458
457-458.Mā bhaṇḍanantiādīsu ‘‘akatthā’’ti pāṭhasesaṃ gahetvā ‘‘mā bhaṇḍanaṃ akatthā’’ti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Adhammavādīti ukkhittānuvattakesu aññataro. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu bhagavato atthakāmo, ayaṃ kirassa adhippāyo ‘‘ime bhikkhū kodhābhibhūtā satthu vacanaṃ na gaṇhanti, mā bhagavā ete ovadanto kilamitthā’’ti tasmā evamāha. Bhagavā pana ‘‘pacchāpi saññaṃ labhitvā oramissantī’’ti tesaṃ anukampāya atītavatthuṃ āharitvā kathesi. Tattha anatthatoti anattho ato; etasmā me purisā anatthoti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā anatthatoti anatthado. Sesaṃ pākaṭameva.
457-458. 关于“勿辱骂”等语,断章取义者说“无意义”,应当理解为“勿辱骂无意义”。“不正义言论”是指某些激烈的反对言辞。此处有比库不愿听从世尊之意,是他的主张,说:“这些比库被愤怒击败,不接受世尊的话,若世尊劝诫他们,就是失道了。”因此佛陀如此教示。佛陀因慈悲,为他们讲述过去事例,说“后来他们获得智见,转向正道”。其中“无意义”即是“无益”,所以我人说“无益”为“无意义”或“无义者”。这两种理解均明显无疑。
§464
464.Puthusaddotiādigāthāsu pana puthu mahā saddo assāti puthusaddo. Samajanoti samāno ekasadiso jano; sabbo cāyaṃ bhaṇḍanakārakojano samantato saddanicchāraṇena puthusaddo ceva sadiso cāti vuttaṃ hoti. Na bālo koci maññathāti tattha koci ekopi ‘‘ahaṃ bālo’’ti na maññittha; sabbepi paṇḍitamāninoyeva. Nāññaṃ bhiyyo amaññarunti koci ekopi ‘‘ahaṃ bālo’’ti ca na maññittha; bhiyyo ca saṅghasmiṃ bhijjamāne aññampi ekaṃ ‘‘mayhaṃ kāraṇā saṅgho bhijjatī’’ti idaṃ kāraṇaṃ na maññitthāti attho.
464. “音声纷纷”等诗中说“大声喧哗”,意谓争吵声音很大。“聚集”的意思是聚集成一体的人;“同声”的意思是他人都与吹毛求疵的人一起四处传播琐碎言语,也是一种同声(聚合声音)。未有愚人自认“我是愚人”的;凡是都有智慧自尊,也没有人愿意更贬低自己;更何况有人在僧团中起恶意,有人不会承认“我为僧团生嫌隙”,这是其含义。
Parimuṭṭhāti parimuṭṭhassatino. Vācāgocarabhāṇinoti rākārassa rassādeso kato , vācāgocarā na satipaṭṭhānādigocarā. Bhāṇino ca kathaṃ bhāṇino? Yāvicchanti mukhāyāmaṃ yāva mukhaṃ pasāretuṃ icchanti, tāva pasāretvā bhāṇino, ekopi saṅghagāravena mukhasaṅkocaṃ na karotīti attho. Yena nītāti yena kalahena imaṃ nillajjabhāvaṃ nītā. Na taṃ vidūti na taṃ jānanti, ‘‘evaṃ sādīnavo aya’’nti.
“断绝”为断绝者。“言语所在之地讲话者”是指言语之所的意义;这非指正念等法所依处。讲话者为何为讲话者?谓其欲张开口至极展开,而讲话者在传出声音时,亦不会因僧众敬重而束口不言。被驱逐者即被以争执逼使显露无耻言行。愚昧不明者不知此,故言:“竟然如此恶劣者。”
Ye ca taṃ upanayhantīti taṃ ‘‘akkocchi maṃ, avadhi ma’’ntiādikaṃ ākāraṃ ye ca upanayhanti. Sanantanoti porāṇo.
那些诽谤他者,就是对他说“你不要骂我,不要杀我”等言辞,那是诽谤。这里“永恒”意为古老、长久。
Pareti paṇḍite ṭhapetvā tato aññe bhaṇḍanakārakā pare nāma. Te ettha saṅghamajjhe kalahaṃ karontā ‘‘mayaṃ yamāmase upayamāma; satataṃ samitaṃ maccusantikaṃ gacchāmā’’ti na jānanti. Ye ca tattha vijānantīti ye tattha paṇḍitā ‘‘mayaṃ maccusamīpaṃ gacchāmā’’ti vijānanti. Tatosammanti medhagāti evañhi te jānantā yonisomanasikāraṃ uppādetvā medhagānaṃ kalahānaṃ vūpasamāya paṭipajjanti.
有学问者、智者先分立,然后他辈争辩,有称“旁人”。他们在僧团中争斗时,言说“我们欲共事,恒持戒杀灭子”,却不知此理。而那些确知此理的智者,于争斗时明了“我们应往杀害恶趣处”。于是这些被称为智者的人,具正当思虑,承行智者争辩的息息调和。
Aṭṭhicchinnāti ayaṃ gāthā brahmadattañca dīghāvukumārañca sandhāya vuttā. Tesampi hoti saṅgati, kasmā tumhākaṃ na hoti, yesaṃ vo neva mātāpitūnaṃ aṭṭhīni chinnāni, na pāṇā hatā, na gavāssadhanāni haṭānīti.
“骨断”为诗句,论及婆罗门达多和长老牟谷摩,彼等所论之事亦契合此义。缘何你们无此?乃因你们既无父母之骨骸破碎,又无手足称骨之物,也无牛马之具骨被折。
Sace labhethātiādigāthā paṇḍitasahāyassa ca bālasahāyassa ca vaṇṇāvaṇṇadīpanatthaṃ vuttā. Abhibhuyya sabbāni parissayānīti pākaṭaparissaye ca paṭicchannaparissaye ca abhibhavitvā tena saddhiṃ attamano satimā careyya.
若获『此处才能』等颂,乃为智慧助缘及愚童助缘,以色彩鲜明之照明意解说。以已超越一切束缚,无论显著之束缚或隐藏之束缚,皆已超伏,彼时应当与自身合一,具慧念而生活。
Rājāvaraṭṭhaṃ vijitanti yathā attano vijitaṃ raṭṭhaṃ mahājanakarājā ca arindamamahārājā ca pahāya ekakā cariṃsu; evaṃ careyyāti attho. Mātaṅgaraññeva nāgoti mātaṅgo araññe nāgova. Mātaṅgoti hatthī vuccati; nāgoti mahantādhivacanametaṃ. Yathā hi mātuposako mātaṅganāgo araññe eko cari, na ca pāpāni akāsi. Yathā ca pālileyyako, evaṃ eko care, na ca pāpāni kayirāti vuttaṃ hoti.
曰:国王弃国犹如自我征服国土,大众之王与诸诸侯王亦复如是,舍弃国土独行。此义如是。曰:犀牛入深林,如犀牛也。曰:象谓大象。如是大象护持林中犀牛一只而无恶行。犹如巴厘耶者,亦如是独行而无恶行为,此为所说。
Pālileyyakagamanakathā前往巴利雷亚咖之说
§467
467.Pālileyyake viharati rakkhitavanasaṇḍeti pālileyyakaṃ upanissāya rakkhitavanasaṇḍe viharati. Hatthināgoti mahāhatthī. Hatthikalabhehīti hatthipotakehi. Hatthicchāpehīti khīrūpakehi daharapotakehi. Chinnaggānīti tehi purato purato gacchantehi chinnaggāni khāyitāvasesāni khāṇusadisāni tiṇāni khādati. Obhaggobhagganti tena hatthināgena uccaṭṭhānato bhañjitvā bhañjitvā pātitaṃ. Assa sākhābhaṅganti etassa santakaṃ sākhābhaṅgaṃ te khādanti. Āvilānīti tehi paṭhamataraṃ otaritvā pivantehi ālulitāni kaddamodakāni pivati. Ogāhāti titthato.
编号467。巴厘耶居住于护林处,依止护林之旁。曰大象犀牛。曰象圈者,即象池中。曰象奶瓶者,乃牛奶容器及幼象瓶。曰折枝者,乃诸折断的枝条,前后散行。彼以其折枝为食,及草叶之类缓食。所谓打碎象枝,由此大象犀牛砸断折折堆而坠落。曰马枝折,此为象旁枯枝折断,其枝为食。曰饮奶溪,初级饮水处,饮山泉水。曰涉渡,渡河之意。
Nāgassa nāgenāti hatthināgassa buddhanāgena. Īsādantassāti rathaīsāsadisadantassa. Yadeko ramatī vaneti yasmā buddhanāgo viya ayampi hatthināgo eko pavivitto vane ramati; tasmāssa nāgassa nāgena cittaṃ sameti, ekībhāvaratiyā ekasadisaṃ hotīti attho.
犀牛之名由大象犀牛而来。曰长牙者,犹如战车长牙。由一者喜游林中,犹如佛狗犀牛一般,亦独自林中游乐,是以彼犀牛与犀牛心意相契,彼此相应一体之义。
Yathābhirantaṃ viharitvāti ettha temāsaṃ bhagavā tattha vihāsīti veditabbo. Ettāvatā kosambakehi kira ubbāḷho bhagavā temāsaṃ araññaṃ pavisitvā vasīti sabbattha kathā patthaṭā ahosi.
如专注安住,指佛当时在彼时、彼处安住,应当知。譬如当时,诸国人所传,佛亲入森林安住,有遍处说法之迹。
Atha kho kosambakā upāsakāti atha kho imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ sutvā kosambivāsino upāsakā.
于是,国桑比之近事男,于闻此言谈后,即为国桑比居民之近事男。
Aṭṭhārasavatthukathā十八事之说
§468
468.Adhammaṃ dhammotiādīni aṭṭhārasa bhedakaravatthūni saṅghabhedakakkhandhake vaṇṇayissāma.
关于‘不法谓法’等十八种导致僧团分裂的缘由,在《僧团分裂篇》中将加以阐述。
§475
475.Taṃukkhittakaṃ bhikkhuṃ osāretvāti taṃ gahetvā sīmaṃ gantvā āpattiṃ desāpetvā kammavācāya osāretvā. Tāvadeva uposathoti taṃdivasameva uposathakkhandhake vuttanayeneva sāmaggīuposatho kātabbo.
所谓‘使昏沉比库出离’,意指带领其离开僧界界限,宣布犯戒,并用言语令其昏沉。正如《受戒清净日篇》中所言,当日当行清净日戒,故此时须执行和合清净日戒。
§476
476.Amūlā mūlaṃ gantvāti na mūlā mūlaṃ gantvā; taṃ vatthuṃ avinicchinitvāti attho. Ayaṃ vuccati upāli saṅghasāmaggī atthāpetā byañjanūpetāti atthato apagatā, ‘‘saṅghasāmaggī’’ti imaṃ pana byañjanamattaṃ upetā.
‘不根本达到根本’,非指比库到了根本的根本,而是该条文未被否定的意思。此即所谓‘伍巴离式僧团和合’,包含意义与表象二义,意义上是存在的,表象上则仅是形式上的。
§477
477.Saṅghassa kiccesūti saṅghassa karaṇīyesu uppannesu. Mantanāsūti vinayamantanāsu. Atthesu jātesūti vinayaatthesu uppannesu. Vinicchayesūti tesaṃyeva atthānaṃ vinicchayesu. Mahatthikoti mahāupakāro. Paggahārahoti paggaṇhituṃ vutto.
所谓僧团职责,指僧团应行之事。‘议事’,即律中议论事项。‘所缘事’,即在律义中出现的对象。‘审议’,即对这些内容的判断。‘大利益’是指极大利益。‘承担者’,意谓承担(事务)者。
Anānuvajjo paṭhamena sīlatotiādimhiyeva tāva sīlato na upavajjo. Avekkhitācāroti apekkhitācāro; ālokite vilokite sampajānakārītiādinā nayena upaparikkhitācāro. Aṭṭhakathāsu pana ‘‘appaṭicchannācāro’’ti vuttaṃ.
‘不随顺’指初学戒律等时未顺从。‘不随顺行’即未顺从之行为。‘审视’是观察和明了,在此指导引为依据。论释中称‘非善隐蔽行’,即指未隐藏的不良行为。
Visayhāti abhibhavitvā. Anuyyutaṃ bhaṇanti anuññātaṃ anapagataṃ bhaṇanto. Yasmā hi so anuyyutaṃ bhaṇati, usūyāya vā agatigamanavasena vā kāraṇāpagataṃ na bhaṇati, tasmā atthaṃ na hāpeti. Usūyāya pana agatigamanavasena vā bhaṇanto atthaṃ hāpeti, kāraṇaṃ na deti, tasmā so parisagato chambhati ceva vedhati ca. Yo īdiso na hoti, ayaṃ ‘‘paggahāraho’’ti dasseti.
‘通达’意为了知透彻。‘通达’即发言清晰流畅。‘未通达’是指言辞模糊不清。因为其通达发言,基于嫉妒或恶意本身未发言,故不丧失意义;然而因嫉妒或恶意而发言虽失意,却非因其原因而发言,因此被称为‘承担者’,即有时夹杂宽容与刺探之意。若非如此,则不称‘承担者’。
Kiñca bhiyyo ‘‘tatheva pañha’’nti gāthā, tassattho – yathā ca anuyyutaṃ bhaṇanto atthaṃ na hāpeti, tatheva parisāya majjhe pañhaṃ pucchito samāno na ceva pajjhāyati, na ca maṅku hoti. Yo hi atthaṃ na jānāti, so pajjhāyati. Yo vattuṃ na sakkoti, so maṅku hoti. Yo pana atthañca jānāti, vattuñca sakkoti; so na pajjhāyati, na maṅku hoti. Kālāgatanti kathetabbayuttakāle āgataṃ. Byākaraṇārahanti pañhassa atthānulomatāya byākaraṇānucchavikaṃ. Vacoti vadanto; evarūpaṃ vacanaṃ bhaṇantoti attho. Rañjetīti toseti. Viññūparisanti viññūnaṃ parisaṃ.
又有「正如是问」之歌,即此同时——正如附和者陈说其义却不损害,正如在集会中有人对问话提出疑问时,不理解也不蠢笨。因为不知义者才无解,不能答者则为蠢笨。相反,既知道义理又能答者,则不愚痴也不蠢笨。所谓“时至”,意指谓应当说的时间已到。问答之理顺畅连贯,如语法顺口成篇。谓“言说”为说话,意即发声而言。谓“喜悦”为欢喜、高兴。谓“善知者集会”为智者的集会。
Ācerakamhica saketi attano ācariyavāde. Alaṃ pametunti vīmaṃsituṃ taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paññāya tulayituṃ samattho. Paguṇoti kataparicayo laddhāsevano. Kathetaveti kathetabbe. Viraddhikovidoti viraddhaṭṭhānakusalo.
有人说“导师之言”是其自身导师的教训。谓其有智慧可知亡失,能以智慧比较各样原因。谓“品质”,即所获熟悉和经验。谓“应说者”,即应当说的。谓“善于增进者”,即善于保持和增进立场者。
Paccatthikā yena vajantīti ayaṃ gāthā yādise kathetabbe paguṇo, taṃ dassetuṃ vuttā. Ayañhettha attho – yādisena kathitena paccatthikā ca niggahaṃ gacchanti, mahājano ca saññapanaṃ gacchati; saññattiṃ avabodhanaṃ gacchatīti attho. Yañca kathento sakaṃ ādāyaṃ attano ācariyavādaṃ na hāpeti, yasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ adhikaraṇaṃ uppannaṃ, tadanurūpaṃ anupaghātakaraṃ pañhaṃ byākaramāno tādise kathetabbe paguṇo hotīti.
所谓“后义由此得知”者,指此歌说明了应在开头所说的品质,这便得以显现。此意为——凭借所述之前言,后义得到支持,众生持有正确理解,得到启示明证。又谓“我言有据无损”,就是说对自身导师法义的主张不损害,不破坏,在此事件与议题中,提出与之相应、无损的问法,这样的言说即为理当言说的品类。
Dūteyyakammesu alanti aṭṭhahi dūtaṅgehi samannāgatattā saṅghassa dūteyyakammesu samattho. Suṭṭhu uggaṇhātīti samuggaho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yathā nāma āhunaṃ āhutipiṇḍaṃ samuggaṇhanti, evaṃ pītisomanassajāteneva cetasā saṅghassa kiccesu samuggaho, saṅghassakiccesu tassa tassa kiccassa paṭiggāhakoti attho. Karaṃ vacoti vacanaṃ karonto. Na tena maññatīti tena vacanakaraṇena ‘‘ahaṃ karomi, saṅghabhāraṃ nittharāmī’’ti na mānātimānaṃ jappeti.
具备使者的职责性质,配备八项使者内容,堪称胜任僧团使者的职责。谓“适当承受”为合适纳取。此语之意谓:正如人们适当接受供养食物般,欢喜心生,于僧团事务中恰当接受各项职责。谓“做”即为言说“做”的行为。由此谓之“我行此事,承受僧团供养,不自高自大”而不自傲。
Āpajjati yāvatakesu vatthūsūti yattakesu vatthūsu āpattiṃ āpajjamāno āpajjati. Hoti yathā ca vuṭṭhitīti tassā ca āpattiyā yathā vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti. Ete vibhaṅgāti yesu vatthūsu āpajjati, yathā ca vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, imesaṃ atthānaṃ jotakā ete vibhaṅgā. Ubhayassāti ubhaye assa. Svāgatāti suṭṭhu āgatā. Āpattivuṭṭhānapadassa kovidoti āpattivuṭṭhānakāraṇakusalo.
谓“所受损害于树木间”,即指在树木上的财物受损时所受的损害。谓“损害即为发生”,谓其损害生起的状态。谓“违犯条例”,即发生损害之处。谓“双方俱有”,指双方皆存在的情况。谓“欢迎”即“热忱到来”。谓“善于损害发生诸处者”,即善于成就导致损害发生的缘由。
Yāni cācaranti yāni ca bhaṇḍanakāraṇādīni ācaranto tajjanīyakammādivasena nissāraṇaṃ gacchati. Osāraṇaṃ taṃvusitassa jantunoti taṃ vattaṃ vusitassa jantuno, yā osāraṇā kātabbā, etampi jānāti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.
谓“所行者及毁坏之类”,指由毁损等因缘入灭。谓“送走枯死者的生命”,即指那个生命的灭亡,这话指是死于受损之生物,那些应被送走者,他亦知之。谓此残余处处为崇高者。
Kosambakakkhandhakavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. · 国桑比篇集注释已毕。
Samantapāsādikāya vinayasaṃvaṇṇanāya · 《一切善见》律藏注释中
Mahāvaggavaṇṇanā samattā. · 《大品》的解释已完成。
Mahāvagga-aṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā. · 《大品》注疏已结束。