Catubbidhakammakathāvaṇṇanā · 四种羯磨论解释
Catubbidhakammakathāvaṇṇanā四种甘马论的注释
§2983
2983. Apalokanasaññitaṃ kammaṃ, ñattikammaṃ, ñattidutiyakammaṃ, ñatticatutthakammanti imāni cattāri kammānīti yojanā. Tattha cattārīti gaṇanaparicchedo. Imānīti anantarameva vakkhamānattā āsannapaccakkhavacanaṃ. Kammānīti paricchinnakammanidassanaṃ. ‘‘Apalokanasaañata’’ntiādi tesaṃ sarūpadassanaṃ.
「求听甘马、单白甘马、白二甘马、白四甘马,此四种甘马」,应如是连接。其中,「四」者,数量之限定。「此」者,因紧接下文将说,故为近指之词。「甘马」者,显示所限定之甘马。「求听」等,显示彼等之自相。
Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepato vinicchayo (cūḷava. aṭṭha. 215; pari. aṭṭha. 482) – apalokanakammaṃ nāma sīmaṭṭhakasaṅghaṃ sodhetvā chandārahānaṃ chandaṃ āharitvā samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ kittetvā ‘‘ruccati saṅghassā’’ti tikkhattuṃ sāvetvā kattabbaṃ kammaṃ vuccati. Ñattikammaṃ nāma vuttanayeneva samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā ekāya ñattiyā kattabbaṃ kammaṃ. Ñattidutiyakammaṃ nāma vuttanayeneva samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā ekāya ñattiyā, ekāya ca anussāvanāyāti evaṃ ñattidutiyāya anussāvanāya kattabbaṃ kammaṃ. Ñatticatutthakammaṃ nāma vuttanayeneva samaggassa saṅghassa anumatiyā ekāya ñattiyā, tīhi ca anussāvanāhīti evaṃ ñatticatutthāhi tīhi anussāvanāhi kattabbaṃ kammaṃ. Ñatti dutiyā yassa anussāvanassa taṃ ñattidutiyaṃ, tena kattabbaṃ kammaṃ ñattidutiyakammaṃ. Ñatti catutthā yassa anussāvanattayassa taṃ ñatticatutthaṃ, tena kātabbaṃ kammaṃ ñatticatutthakammaṃ.
此中,略说判别如下:求听甘马者,谓净治界内僧团,取来不在者之欲后,以和合僧团之允许,宣告彼彼事项,三次唱言「僧团认可否」而应作之甘马。单白甘马者,依前述方式,以和合僧团之允许,以一白而应作之甘马。白二甘马者,依前述方式,以和合僧团之允许,以一白与一羯磨,如是以白为第二之羯磨而应作之甘马。白四甘马者,依前述方式,以和合僧团之允许,以一白与三羯磨,如是以白为第四之三羯磨而应作之甘马。白为第二者,彼羯磨以白为第二,由彼而应作之甘马为白二甘马。白为第四者,彼三羯磨以白为第四,由彼而应作之甘马为白四甘马。
§2984-7
2984-7. Tesaṃ ṭhānavasena bhedaṃ dassetumāha ‘‘apalokanakamma’’ntiādi. Navannaṃ ṭhānānaṃ samāhāro navaṭṭhānaṃ, ‘‘gacchatī’’ti iminā sambandho. Ñattikammanti gamanakiriyākattunidassanaṃ . Navaṭṭhānanti kammanidassanaṃ. Dutiyanti ñattidutiyakammaṃ. Satta ṭhānāni gacchatīti yojanā.
为显示彼等依处所之差别,说「求听甘马」等。九处之集合为九处,与「行于」相连接。「单白甘马」者,显示行动作用之作者。「九处」者,显示甘马。「第二」者,白二甘马。应连接为「行于七处」。
Idāni taṃ ṭhānabhedaṃ sarūpato dassetumāha ‘‘nissāraṇañcā’’tiādi. Nissāraṇādi kammavisesānaṃ saññā. Apalokanakammañhi nissāraṇaṃ…pe… pañcamaṃ kammalakkhaṇanti imāni pañca ṭhānāni gacchatīti yojanā.
今为依自相显示彼处所之差别,说「驱摈」等。驱摈等为甘马种类之名称。求听甘马行于驱摈等五处,应如是连接。
Evaṃ nāmavasena dassitāni nissāraṇādīni atthato vibhajitvā dassetumāha ‘‘nissāraṇañcā’’tiādi. Samaṇuddesatoti kaṇṭakasāmaṇerato nissāraṇañca osāraṇañca vadeti yojanā. Tattha kaṇṭakasāmaṇerassa nissāraṇā tādisānaṃyeva sammāvattaṃ disvā pavesanā ‘‘osāraṇā’’ti veditabbā.
如是依名称显示驱摈等后,为依义理分别显示,说「驱摈」等。「沙玛内拉」者,谓对刺沙玛内拉说驱摈与摄受,应如是连接。其中,对刺沙玛内拉之驱摈,见彼等之正行后之摄入,应知为「摄受」。
Pabbajantena hetubhūtena bhaṇḍukaṃ bhaṇḍukammapucchanaṃ vadeyyāti attho. Pabbajjāpekkhassa kesacchedanapucchanaṃ bhaṇḍukammaṃ nāma. Channena hetubhūtena brahmadaṇḍakaṃ kammaṃ vadeti yojanā. Tathārūpassāti channasadisassa mukharassa bhikkhū duruttavacanena ghaṭṭentassa. Kātabboti ‘‘bhante, itthannāmo bhikkhu mukharo bhikkhū duruttavacanehi ghaṭṭento viharati, so bhikkhu yaṃ iccheyya, taṃ vadeyya. Bhikkhūhi itthannāmo bhikkhu neva vattabbo, na ovaditabbo, na anusāsitabbo. Saṅghaṃ, bhante, pucchāmi ‘itthannāmassa bhikkhuno brahmadaṇḍassa dānaṃ ruccati saṅghassā’ti. Dutiyampi pucchāmi… tatiyampi pucchāmi ‘itthannāmassa, bhante, bhikkhuno brahmadaṇḍassa dānaṃ ruccati saṅghassā’’ti (pari. aṭṭha. 495-496) evaṃ brahmadaṇḍo kātabbo.
「由出家者」为因,说询问剃发,此为义理。对期望出家者询问剃发,名为剃发甘马。「由阐那」为因,说梵罚甘马,应如是连接。「如是者」,谓如阐那般粗暴、以恶言触恼比库者。「应作」者,「尊者,某名比库粗暴,以恶言触恼比库而住,彼比库欲说何,即说何。诸比库对某名比库不应说、不应教诫、不应教导。尊者,我问僧团:『对某名比库施予梵罚,僧团认可否?』第二次我问……第三次我问:『尊者,对某名比库施予梵罚,僧团认可否?』」如是应作梵罚。
§2988-9
2988-9.‘‘Āpucchitvānā’’ti pubbakiriyāya ‘‘gahitāyā’’ti aparakiriyā ajjhāharitabbā, ‘‘ruciyā’’ti etassa visesanaṃ. Detīti ettha ‘‘acchinnacīvarādīna’’nti seso. Sabbo saṅgho sannipatitvāna sabbaso sabbe sīmaṭṭhe āgatāgate bhikkhū āpucchitvāna ‘‘itthannāmena parikkhārena bhavitabbaṃ, ruccati tassa dāna’’nti visuṃ pucchitvā gahitāya bhikkhūnaṃ ruciyā tikkhattuṃ apaloketvā cīvarādiparikkhāraṃ acchinnacīvarādīnaṃ deti, yaṃ evaṃbhūtaṃ saṅghassa dānaṃ, taṃ tassa apalokanakammassa kammalakkhaṇaṃ hotīti yojanā. Lakkhīyatīti lakkhaṇaṃ, kammameva lakkhaṇaṃ, na nissāraṇādīnīti kammalakkhaṇaṃ.
「询问之后」者,对于先前行为,应引入「所取得的」这一后续行为,「随喜」是其限定词。「给予」在此处,应补充「未分配衣等」。全僧团集会之后,完全询问所有来到界内的比库们,分别询问「应以某某名称的资具,是否随喜给予彼」,在取得比库们的随喜后,三次求听,将衣等资具给予未分配衣等者,如此给予僧团者,即是彼求听甘马的甘马特征。「被标识」即特征,甘马本身即特征,非驱摈等,故为甘马特征。
§2990-1
2990-1. Evaṃ apalokanakammassa pañca ṭhānāni uddesaniddesavasena dassetvā idāni ñattikammassa kammalakkhaṇaṃ tāva dassetumāha ‘‘nissāraṇa’’ntiādi. Iti ‘‘ñattiyā nava ṭhānānī’’ti ayamuddeso vakkhamānena ‘‘vinicchaye’’tiādiniddeseneva vibhāvīyati.
如是以略说与详说方式显示求听甘马的五处后,现在为了首先显示单白甘马的甘马特征,说「驱摈」等。如此「单白有九处」,此略说将由即将所说的「在判决」等详说来阐明。
§2992
2992.Vinicchayeti ubbāhikavinicchaye. Asampatteti niṭṭhaṃ agate. Therassāti dhammakathikassa. Tenevāha ‘‘avinayaññuno’’ti. Tassa ‘‘suṇantu me āyasmantā, ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu dhammakathiko, imassa neva suttaṃ āgacchati, no suttavibhaṅgo, so atthaṃ asallakkhetvā byañjanacchāyāya atthaṃ paṭibāhati, yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ vuṭṭhāpetvā avasesā imaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasameyyāmā’’ti (cūḷava. 233) evaṃ ubbāhikavinicchaye dhammakathikassa bhikkhuno yā nissaraṇā vuttā, sā ñattikamme ‘‘nissāraṇā’’ti vuttāti yojanā.
「判决」者,在举罪判决中。「未达成」者,未到达完成。「长老的」者,说法者的。因此说「不知律者」。对于彼,「诸具寿请听我言,此某某名比库是说法者,彼既不通经,也不通经分别,彼不观察义理,依文句表相而反驳义理,若诸具寿适宜,令某某名比库起立后,我等余者平息此诤事」,如是在举罪判决中,对说法比库所说的驱摈,在单白甘马中称为「驱摈」,如是连接。
§2993-4
2993-4.Upasampadāpekkhassa ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, itthannāmo itthannāmassa āyasmato upasampadāpekkho , anusiṭṭho so mayā, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, itthannāmo āgaccheyyāti. Āgacchāhī’’ti (mahāva. 126) vacanapaṭisaṃyuttassa saṅghassa sammukhānayanaṃ, sā osāraṇā nāma. ‘‘Āgaccha osāraṇā’’ti padacchedo.
对求达上者「尊者们,请僧团听我言,某某名是某某名具寿的求达上者,彼已被我教诫,若僧团适宜,某某名应前来。请前来」,与此言说相应的僧团的令其到面前,名为引入。「前来引入」是词句分解。
Uposathavasenāpi, pavāraṇāvasenāpi. Ñattiyā ṭhapitattāti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, ajjuposatho pannaraso, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho uposathaṃ kareyya’’ (mahāva. 134), ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, ajja pavāraṇā pannarasī, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho pavāreyyā’’ti (mahāva. 210) uposathapavāraṇāvasena ñattiyā ṭhapitattā uposatho, pavāraṇā vāti imāni dve ñattikammāni.
「依伍波萨他方式,也依自恣方式」。「因单白而设立」者,「尊者们,请僧团听我言,今日是十五日伍波萨他,若僧团适宜,僧团应行伍波萨他」,「尊者们,请僧团听我言,今日是十五日自恣,若僧团适宜,僧团应自恣」,因依伍波萨他与自恣方式的单白而设立,伍波萨他或自恣,这两者是单白甘马。
‘‘Upasampadāpekkhañhi, anusāseyyahanti cā’’ti iminā ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, itthannāmo itthannāmassa āyasmato upasampadāpekkho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmaṃ anusāseyya’’nti (mahāva. 126) ayaṃ ekā ñatti gahitā.
「求达上者以及应教诫」,以此「尊者们,请僧团听我言,某某名是某某名具寿的求达上者,若僧团适宜,我应教诫某某名」,此一单白被摄取。
§2995
2995.‘‘Itthannāmamahaṃ bhikkhuṃ, puccheyyaṃ vinayanti cā’’ti iminā ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmaṃ vinayaṃ puccheyya’’nti (mahāva. 151) ayaṃ ekā ñatti gahitā. Evamādīti ādi-saddena ‘‘yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, itthannāmo itthannāmaṃ anusāseyyā’’ti, ‘‘yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmaṃ antarāyike dhamme puccheyya’’nti (mahāva. 126), ‘‘yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, itthannāmo itthannāmaṃ antarāyike dhamme puccheyyā’’ti, ‘‘yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, itthannāmo itthannāmaṃ vinayaṃ puccheyyā’’ti (mahāva. 151), ‘‘yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti (mahāva. 152), ‘‘yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, itthannāmo itthannāmena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyyā’’ti – (mahāva. 152) imā cha ñattiyo gahitā. Evaṃ purimā dve, imā ca chāti edisā imā aṭṭha ñattiyo ‘‘sammutī’’ti vuttā.
「我应问名为某某的比库律」,以此「尊者们,请僧团听我说,若僧团适时,我应问名为某某者律」,此为一单白所摄。「如是等」者,以「等」字摄取「若僧团适时,名为某某者应教诫名为某某者」、「若僧团适时,我应问名为某某者障碍法」、「若僧团适时,名为某某者应问名为某某者障碍法」、「若僧团适时,名为某某者应问名为某某者律」、「若僧团适时,我被名为某某者问律后应答」、「若僧团适时,名为某某者被名为某某者问律后应答」,此六单白所摄。如是前二与此六,如此这八单白被称为「认可」。
§2996
2996.Nissaṭṭhacīvarādīnaṃ dānanti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, idaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno nissaggiyaṃ saṅghassa nissaṭṭhaṃ, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, saṅgho imaṃ cīvaraṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno dadeyyā’’ti (pārā. 464) evaṃ nissaṭṭhacīvarapattādīnaṃ dānaṃ ‘‘dāna’’nti vuccati. Āpattīnaṃ paṭiggāhoti ‘‘suṇātu me, bhante saṅgho, ayaṃ itthannāmo bhikkhu āpattiṃ sarati vivarati uttāniṃ karoti deseti, yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno āpattiṃ paṭiggaṇheyya’’nti (cūḷava. 239), ‘‘yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ itthannāmassa bhikkhuno āpattiṃ paṭiggaṇheyya’’nti (cūḷava. 239). Tena vattabbo ‘‘passasī’’ti. ‘‘Āma passāmī’’ti. ‘‘Āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’’ti. Evaṃ āpattīnaṃ paṭiggāho ‘‘paṭiggāho’’ti vuccati.
「舍出衣等之施与」者,「尊者们,请僧团听我说,此衣为名为某某比库之尼萨耆亚,已舍与僧团,若僧团适时,僧团应将此衣施与名为某某比库」,如是舍出衣、钵等之施与被称为「施与」。「罪之受取」者,「尊者们,请僧团听我说,此名为某某比库忆念罪、显露、使明了、说示,若僧团适时,我应受取名为某某比库之罪」、「若诸具寿适时,我应受取名为某某比库之罪」。对彼应说「汝见否」。「是,我见」。「未来应防护」。如是罪之受取被称为「受取」。
§2997
2997.Pavārukkaḍḍhanāti pavāraṇukkaḍḍhanā. Gāthābandhavasena ṇa-kāralopo. Atha vā pavāraṇaṃ pavāroti pavāraṇa-saddapariyāyo pavāra-saddo. ‘‘Imaṃ uposathaṃ katvā, kāḷe pavārayāmī’’ti iminā ‘‘suṇantu me āyasmantā āvāsikā, yadāyasmantānaṃ pattakallaṃ, idāni uposathaṃ kareyyāma, pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyāma, āgame kāḷe pavāreyyāmā’’ti (mahāva. 240) ayaṃ ñatti upalakkhaṇato dassitā. Evaṃ katapavāraṇā ‘‘paccukkaḍḍhanā’’ti matā. Ettha ca kāḷeti pubbakattikamāsassa kāḷapakkhuposathe. Iminā ca ‘‘āgame juṇhe pavāreyyāmā’’ti ayaṃ ñatti ca upalakkhitā. Juṇheti aparakattikajuṇhapakkhauposathe.
「自恣之提前」者,即自恣之提前。依偈颂关系,ṇ字脱落。或者,自恣即自恣,自恣一词之同义词为自恣一词。「作此伍波萨他后,于黑分我等自恣」,以此「请诸具寿住处者听我说,若诸具寿适时,今我等应作伍波萨他,应诵巴帝摩卡,于来黑分我等应自恣」,此单白以标示而显示。如是已作自恣被认为是「提前」。于此,「黑分」者,于前迦提咖月之黑分伍波萨他。以此「于来白分我等应自恣」,此单白亦被标示。「白分」者,于后迦提咖白分伍波萨他。
§2998
2998.Tiṇavatthāraketi tiṇavatthārakasamathe. Sabbapaṭhamā ñattīti sabbasaṅgāhikā ñatti vuccati. Itarā cāti ubhayapakkhe paccekaṃ ṭhapitā dve ñattiyo cāti evaṃ tidhā pavattaṃ etaṃ ñattikammaṃ kammalakkhaṇaṃ iti evaṃ vuttanayena ‘‘vinicchaye’’tiādinā ñattiyā nava ṭhānāni veditabbānīti yojanā.
「草席事」者,于草席事止诤中。「一切最初单白」者,被称为一切摄取之单白。「及其余」者,于双方各别安立之二单白,如是三种方式进行之此单白甘马为甘马之特相,以如是所说方式,「于决断」等,应知单白之九处,此为连结。
§2999-3000
2999-3000. Evaṃ ñattikamme nava ṭhānāni dassetvā idāni ñattidutiyakamme satta ṭhānāni dassetumāha ‘‘ñattidutiyakammampī’’tiādi. ‘‘Ñattidutiyakamma’’ntiādikā uddesagāthā uttānatthāva.
如是显示单白甘马之九处后,今为显示白二甘马之七处而说「白二甘马亦」等。「白二甘马」等摄颂之义理明显。
Niddese pattanikkujjanādīti ādi-saddena pattukkujjanaṃ gahitaṃ. Nissārosāraṇā matāti ‘‘nissāraṇā, osāraṇā’’ti ca matā. Tattha bhikkhūnaṃ alābhāya parisakkanādikehi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi samannāgatassa upāsakassa saṅghena asambhogakaraṇatthaṃ pattanikkujjanavasena nissāraṇā ca tasseva sammā vattantassa pattukkujjanavasena osāraṇā ca veditabbā. Sā khuddakavatthukkhandhake vaḍḍhalicchavivatthusmiṃ (cūḷava. 265) vuttā.
「于解释中,钵之覆」等者,以「等」字摄取钵之仰。「驱摈与解摈被认为」者,「驱摈、解摈」被认为。于此,对具足为比库们之无利益而奔走等八支之近事男,僧团为作不共住,以钵之覆为驱摈,对彼正行者,以钵之仰为解摈,应知。彼于小事篇集中瓦达离离车事中所说。
§3001
3001.Sīmādisammuti sammuti nāma. Sā pañcadasadhā matāti sīmāsammuti ticīvarenaavippavāsasammuti santhatasammuti bhattuddesaka senāsanaggāhāpaka bhaṇḍāgārika cīvarapaṭiggāhaka yāgubhājaka phalabhājaka khajjabhājaka appamattakavissajjaka sāṭiyaggāhāpaka pattaggāhāpaka ārāmikapesaka sāmaṇerapesakasammutīti evaṃ sā sammuti pañcadasavidhā matāti attho. Kathinassa vatthaṃ, tassa. Matoyeva matako, matakassa vāso matakavāso, tassa matakavāsaso, matakacīvarassa.
【三〇〇一】「界等羯磨」者,羯磨之名也。彼被认为有十五种,即:界羯磨、三衣不离宿羯磨、铺具羯磨、分食者、分卧坐处者、分库藏者、分衣受持者、分粥者、分果者、分嚼食者、分少物者、分桑喀帝受持者、分钵受持者、差遣园民者、差遣沙玛内拉者羯磨。如是,彼羯磨被认为有十五种,此为其义。「咖提那衣之布」者,彼之。「死者」即「死尸」,「死尸之衣」即「死尸衣」,彼之「死尸衣」,即「死尸衣」。
§3002
3002. Ānisaṃsakhettabhūtapañcamāsabbhantareyeva ubbhāro antarubbhāro. Kuṭivatthussa, vihārassa vatthuno ca desanā desanā nāmāti yojanā.
【三〇〇二】「利益田地之五月内之举行」者,「内举行」也。「小屋地基」者,精舍地基与说示,「说示」之名也,应连接。
§3003
3003. Tiṇavatthārake dvinnaṃ pakkhānaṃ sādhāraṇavasena ṭhapetabbañatti ca pacchā pakkhadvaye visuṃ visuṃ ṭhapetabbā dve ñattiyo cāti tisso ñattiyo kammavācāya abhāvena ñattikamme ‘‘kammalakkhaṇa’’nti dassitā, pacchā visuṃ visuṃ dvīsu pakkhesu vattabbā dve ñattidutiyakammavācā ñattidutiyakamme ‘‘kammalakkhaṇa’’nti dassitāti taṃ dassetumāha ‘‘tiṇavatthārake kamme’’ti. ‘‘Mohāropanatādisū’’ti iminā pācittiyesu dassitamohāropanakammañca aññavādakavihesakāropanakammādiñca saṅgaṇhāti. Etthāti imasmiṃ ñattidutiyakamme. Kammalakkhaṇameva kammalakkhaṇatā.
【三〇〇三】「草敷具」者,应以两派共同方式设立之单白,与其后应于两派各别设立之二单白,共三单白。因无羯磨语,于单白羯磨中显示为「羯磨相」。其后应于两派各别行之二白二羯磨语,于白二羯磨中显示为「羯磨相」。为显示彼,故说「草敷具羯磨」。以「痴罪覆藏等」,摄取于巴吉帝亚中所显示之痴罪覆藏羯磨,与异语者、恼害者覆藏羯磨等。「于此」者,于此白二羯磨中。「羯磨相」即「羯磨相性」。
§3004-5
3004-5.Iti evaṃ yathāvuttanayena ime satta ṭhānabhedā ñattidutiyakammassa. Evaṃ ñattidutiyakamme satta ṭhānāni dassetvā ñatticatutthakamme ṭhānabhedaṃ dassetumāha ‘‘tathā’’tiādi.
【三〇〇四至五】如是,以如所说之方式,此等七处差别为白二羯磨。如是显示白二羯磨之七处后,为显示白四羯磨之处差别,故说「如是」等。
§3006
3006.Tajjanādīnanti ādi-saddena niyassādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Tesaṃ sattannaṃ kammānaṃ. Passaddhi vūpasamo.
【三〇〇六】「诃责等」者,以「等」字摄取依止等。「彼等七羯磨」者。「寂静」即「止息」。
§3007
3007.‘‘Bhikkhunīnaṃovādo’’ti bhikkhunovādakasammuti phalūpacārena vuttā.
【三〇〇七】「比库尼之教诫」者,比库尼教诫者羯磨,以果之近因方式而说。
§3008-9
3008-9.Mūlapaṭikkasso mūlāya paṭikassanā, gāthābandhavasena ka-kārassa dvebhāvo. Ukkhittassānuvattikāti ukkhittānuvattikā ekā yāvatatiyakā, aṭṭha saṅghādisesā, ariṭṭho caṇḍakāḷī ca dve, ime ekādasa yāvatatiyakā bhavanti. Imesaṃ vasāti ukkhittānuvattikādīni puggalādhiṭṭhānena vuttāni, imesaṃ samanubhāsanakammānaṃ vasena. Dasekāti ekādasa.
「退回原本」者,退回至原本也,因偈颂结构之故,ka 音节重复。「随顺被举者」者,随顺被举者一人乃至第三人,八桑喀地谢萨,阿利德与旃德咖离二人,此等十一人为乃至第三人。「此等之瓦萨」者,随顺被举者等以人为所依而说,依此等劝谏甘马之故。「十一」者,即十一也。
§3011
3011. Evaṃ catunnampi kammānaṃ ṭhānabhedaṃ dassetvā anvayato, byatirekato ca kātabbappakāraṃ dassetumāha ‘‘apalokanakammañcā’’tiādi. Ñattiyāpi na kāraye, ñattidutiyenapi na kārayeti yojanā.
如是显示四种甘马之处所差别后,为显示依顺序及依差别之应作方式,故说「求听甘马」等。应结合为:以单白亦不应作,以白二亦不应作。
§3012
3012. Apalokanakamme vuttalakkhaṇena ñattikammādīnampi kātabbappakāro sakkā viññātunti taṃ adassetvā ñattidutiyakamme labbhamānavisesaṃ dassetumāha ‘‘ñattidutiyakammānī’’tiādi. Apaloketvā kātabbāni lahukānipi ñattidutiyakammāni atthīti yojanā. Tāni pana katamānīti āha ‘‘sabbā sammutiyo siyu’’nti. Ettha sīmāsammutiṃ vinā sesā ticīvarenaavippavāsasammutiādayo sabbāpi sammutiyoti attho.
以求听甘马所说之特相,亦能了知单白甘马等之应作方式,不显示彼,为显示白二甘马中所得之差别,故说「白二甘马」等。应结合为:求听后应作之轻甘马,亦有白二甘马。然而,彼等为何者?故说「一切认可应为」。此中,除界认可外,其余三衣不离认可等一切认可,此为其义。
§3013
3013.Sesānīti yathāvuttehi sesāni sīmāsammutiādīni cha kammāni. Na vaṭṭatīti na vaṭṭanti, gāthābandhavasena na-kāralopo. Yathāha ‘‘sīmāsammuti, sīmāsamūhananaṃ, kathinadānaṃ, kathinuddhāro, kuṭivatthudesanā, vihāravatthudesanāti imāni cha kammāni garukāni apaloketvā kātuṃ na vaṭṭanti, ñattidutiyakammavācaṃ sāvetvāva kātabbānī’’ti (pari. aṭṭha. 482). ‘‘Apaloketvā kātuṃ pana na vaṭṭatī’’ti idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ, ñatticatutthakammavasenāpi kātuṃ na vaṭṭanteva. Tenevāha ‘‘yathāvuttanayeneva, tena teneva kāraye’’ti, yo yo nayo taṃ taṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ vutto, teneva teneva nayenāti attho.
「其余」者,除如所说外,其余界认可等六种甘马。「不适当」者,不适当也,因偈颂结构之故,na 音节省略。如所说:『界认可、界合并、咖提那衣施与、咖提那衣舍弃、库提地施与、精舍地施与,此等六种甘马为重甘马,不求听而作不适当,应唱白二甘马语后作。』『然而不求听而作不适当』,此仅为示例,以白四甘马之方式作亦不适当。因此说『以如所说之方式,以彼彼而应作』,凡所说之方式为作彼彼甘马,即以彼彼方式,此为其义。
Catubbidhakammakathāvaṇṇanā. · 四种甘马论的注释。